天津市第一中学2017-2018学年高一语文下学期期中试题(pdf)
天津一中 2017‐2018‐2高一年级语文学科模块质量调查试卷 本试卷分为第 I 卷（选择题）、第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 100 分，考试用时 90 分钟。
第 I 卷 1 至 3 页，第 II 卷 3 至 4 页。
考生务必将答案涂写规定的位置上，答在试卷 上的无效。
祝各位考生考试顺利!第Ⅰ卷(40 分)一、基础知识（32 分，每题 2 分）1.下列选项中加点字读音完全相同的一组是（ ）A.模． 进取 抹． 布/一笔抹． 杀． 荒/开拓． 拓． 一样 商贾． /余勇可贾． 具/一模B.炮． 人所难 躯壳． /金蝉脱壳．． 迫/强． 足适履 强． 制 削． 除/削． 烙/如法炮C.间． 陆 宿． 儒/露天宿． 营． 落/安全着． 亲友 着． 隔匀整 劳累． /拖累． 断/间D.打更． 世 折． 本/折． /更． /悬壶济． 损过半． 一面 接济． 易习俗 当． 即/独当2.下列选项中有两个错别字的一组是（ ）A.厉行节约 走头无路 攀援 嘻闹B.穿流不息 不落窠臼 桅杆 凑合C.在所不词 义愤填赝 撕杀 膏粱D.九霄云外 钟鸣鼎食 砧板 寒煊3.下列选项中对加点字的解释全部正确的一组是（ ）A.沸反盈． 明（忽然） 艰难苦． 恨繁霜鬓（烦闷） ． 天（满） 如听仙乐耳暂B.乖张． 此生休（预料）． 急（更，越） 他生未卜 ．． （偏执，与众不同） 却坐促弦弦转C.体格风骚．． 辜负好韶光（可惜） 扪参历井仰胁息．． （屏住呼吸） ．． （风韵） 可怜D.形容．． 度（随随便便） 弦弦掩抑声声思． （思念） ．． 尚小（形体容貌） 秋月春风等闲4.下列选项中加点词语使用正确的一项是（ ）A.我攀过陡峭的崖壁，历尽艰辛，登上绝顶，放眼望去，天无际涯，顿觉自己渺小，登高．．自卑．． 之感油然而生。
B.对那些少不更事．．．． 的年轻人，我们不仅要多加指导，还要给他们更多的锻炼机会，使他们 尽快地成熟起来。
C.在拍摄大片动辄耗资过亿的今天，该剧组仅用了 200 多万元就拍出了一部极具观赏性的电影，其意义不可同日而语．．．． 。
D.远处连绵的山峰上一道残破的城墙依稀可见，山下面有条深谷，怪石峥嵘，溪流湍急，无路可通，正所谓一夫当关．．．． 。
．．．． ，万夫莫开5. 依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（ ）①脱离生活闭门造车的宋徽宗画的“曲颈飞鸿”“扬尾斗牛”，受到猎人和牧童的 ，留下了千古笑谈。
②文学艺术创作来源于生活，作家塑造的人物形象，往往是以现实生活中的真实人物为创作而成的。
③与电视剧本身相比，剧中翻书的动作、人物的坐姿等，只是一些细节。
然而，令专家 、遭观众调侃的，正是其中与历史常识相冲突的文化“倒刺”。
A.指责 原形 如鲠在喉B.指责 原型 芒刺在背C.指摘 原型 如鲠在喉D.指摘 原形 芒刺在背6. 下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（ ）A.引起世界关注的甲型流感病毒虽然不易致命，但传播速度快，如果不想办法找到它的演 变原理，病情很容易迅速蔓延，给人类健康带来巨大威胁。
B.水果营养丰富，但是它的表面常常黏附着对人体有害的细菌和农药，所以食用水果应该 洗净削皮较为安全。
C.天津女排在绝境中取得第 11冠，悬崖边的奋力拼搏让广大球迷热血沸腾，任何一个观看 了比赛的人都无不毫无例外地感受到了心灵的震撼。
D.为了充分体现全社会对道德模范的关爱，更好地发挥道德模范的榜样作用，近日，中央 文明办将对生活困难的“全国道德模范”进行帮扶。
7. 下列有关文学常识的表述，正确的一项是（ ）A. 韩愈，唐代新乐府运动的代表，他在《师说》中阐述了择师的标准，批判了“耻学于 师”的不良风气。
B.近体诗又称今体诗，是唐代出现的新诗体，唐人为了与以前的古体诗相区别，故名之为 “近体”。
这种诗的主要特点是篇有定句，句有定字，韵有定位，字有定声，联有定对。
C. 海明威是英国具有较大影响的作家之一，1954 年获得诺贝尔文学奖，是当时“迷惘的 一代”的代表作家。
主要作品有《永别了武器》《老人与海》等。
D.《林黛玉进贾府》中，“鬓若刀裁，眉如墨画，面如桃瓣，目若秋波。
虽怒时而若笑， 即瞋视而有情”说的是林黛玉。
8. 下列有关文化常识的表述，正确的一项是（ ）A、孝悌：孝，指对父母要孝顺、服从；悌，指对兄长要敬重、顺从。
孔子非常重视孝悌。
孟子也把孝悌视为基本的道德规范。
B.迁，调动官职，包括升级、降级、平级转调三种情况。
为易于区分，人们常在“迁”字 的前面或后面加一个字，升级叫迁升、迁授；降级叫迁削、迁谪、右迁；平级转调叫转 迁、迁官、迁调；离职后调复原职叫迁复。
C.庠是殷商时代学校的名称，序是周代学校的名称。
先秦学校分为两大类：国学和乡学。
国学为天子或诸侯所设，教学内容以“六艺”(风、雅、颂、赋、比、兴)为主。
乡学是与 国学相对而言，泛指地方所设的学校。
D.四书五经是四书和五经的合称，是中国儒家的经典书籍，是南宋著名理学家朱熹所提 出，是儒家的经典著作。
其中“四书”是指《诗经》 、《尚书》 、《周易》和《春 秋》。
9.下列有关《三国演义》的表述，正确的一项是（ ）A.“勉从虎穴暂栖身，说破英雄惊煞人。
巧将闻雷来掩饰，随机应变信如神。
”这首诗说 的是《三国演义》中刘备和袁绍的一段故事——煮酒论英雄。
B.《三国演义》中关羽因其收到刘备书信欲前往寻兄，但刘表闭门不见，故关羽不辞而 别。
关羽不曾持有公文，各关守将均不放行，因此勇闯东岭、洛阳等五座关口，斩了孔 秀、韩福、等六员守将，夺下渡船，过了黄河，一路追寻刘备。
C.“那人不甚好读书；性宽和，寡言语，喜怒不形于色；素有大志，专好结交天下豪杰； 生得身长七尺五寸，两耳垂肩，双手过膝，目能自顾其耳，面如冠玉，唇若涂脂”，书中 这段文字所描写的是吕布。
D.《三国演义》，全名为《三国志通俗演义》，中国古代长篇历史章回小说。
作者一般被 认为是元末明初的罗贯中，演义以史为据，以儒家思想为本，强调“忠义”；着重描写战 争，讲述汉末黄巾之乱至魏、蜀汉及吴三国鼎立，到西晋统一百余年间的历史。
10.对加点字解释全对的一组是（ ）A.不违． 贵无贱（不论）． 农时（耽误） 无秋月春风等闲． 长策而御宇内（举起）．． 度（随随便便） 振B.揭． （清楚）． 竿为旗（举） 而闻者彰以手抚膺坐． 之以孝悌之义（认真从事）． 长叹（徒、空） 申C.西举． 粮而景从（换取）． 巴蜀（攻取） 赢直． （弱点） ． 不百步耳（只是） 秦有余力而制其弊D.秦人开关延． 敌（迎击） 士大夫之族． （类）数罟不入洿． （挑选）． 池（深） 狗彘食人食而不知检11.下列加点字解释全部正确的一组是（ ）A.君子博学而日参省． 亲（探望问候）． 识春风面（明白） 省． 乎己（省察） 画图省B.信． 口开河（准确的）． 手续续弹（随意） 信 ． 臣精卒陈利兵而谁何（可靠的） 低眉信C.涂有饿莩而不知发． 制人（开始行动）． （出发） 先发． （开仓赈济） 主人忘归客不发D.赵奢之伦制其兵． （士兵） 弃甲曳兵． 而走（兵器） ． （军队） 收天下之兵12.下列加点虚词用法各不相同的一组是（ ）A.或． 重于泰山 或． 师焉． 匪亲 或． 百步而后止 所守或B.无如寡人之． 教． 不解 谨庠序之． 用心者 筋骨之． 强 惑之C.风雨兴焉．． 于其身也则耻师焉． 犹且从师而问焉． 斯天下之民至焉D.其． 意． 时 乐毅之徒通其 ． 皆出于此乎 其． 可怪也欤 勿夺其13.下列选项中都包含古今异义的一组是（ ）①暮去朝来颜色故 ②君子曰：学不可以已 ③同是天涯沦落人 ④然而不王者 ⑤古之学者必有师 ⑥师不必贤于弟子 ⑦良将劲弩守要害之处 ⑧金就砺则利⑨不如须臾之所学也 ⑩今之众人A.①②⑤⑥⑩B.①②④⑦⑧C.③⑤⑥⑧⑩D.②④⑥⑧⑨14.下列选项中加点字活用类型一致的一组是（ ）A.谨． 学而大遗． 小． 庠序之教 金就砺则利B.吾师． 岁 履． 至尊而制六合． 道也 王无罪C.积善． 乘便 子孙帝王．． 万世之业也． 成德 因利D.以弱． 朱颜． 天下之民 天下云集响． 应 使人听此凋15.下列选项中都包含通假字的一组是（ ）A.君子生非异也 度长絜大 所以传道受业解惑也B.所守或匪亲 或不焉 涂有饿莩而不知发C.吾尝跂而望矣 则无望民之多于邻国也 逡巡而不敢进D.赢粮而景从 六艺经传皆通习之 虽有槁暴，不复挺者16.对下列句式归类正确的一组是（ ）（1）申之以孝悌之义 （2）未之有也 （3）是亦走也 （4）青，取之于蓝（5）蚓无爪牙之利 （6）虽有槁暴，不复挺者，輮使之然也 （7）自以为关中之固， 金城千里 （8）为天下笑者，何也 （9）句读之不知 （10）不拘于时 （11）师者， 所以传道受业解惑也 （12）一夫作难而七庙隳A.（1）（4）（11）B.（2）（7）（9）C.（3）（5）（6）D.（8）（10）（12）二、文言文阅读（8 分，每题 2 分）阅读下面文言文，完成 17—21 题。
白居易传（元）辛文房居易字乐天，太原下邽人。
弱冠，名未振，观光上国，谒顾况。
况，吴人，恃才少所 推可，因谑之曰：“长安百物皆贵，居大不易。
”及览诗卷，至“离离原上草，一岁一枯荣。
野火烧不尽，春风吹又生”，乃叹曰：“有句如此，居天下亦不难。
老夫前言戏之耳。
”贞元 十六年，中书舍人高郢下进士、拔萃，皆中，补校书郎。
元和元年，作乐府及诗百余篇， 规讽时事，流闻禁中。
上悦之，召拜翰林学士，历左拾遗。
时盗杀宰相，京师汹汹。
居易 首上疏，请亟捕贼。
权贵有嫌其 ．出位，怒。
俄有言：“居易母堕井死，而 ．赋《新井篇》，言 既浮华，行不可用。
”贬江州司马。
初以勋庸①暴露不宜，实无他肠，怫怒奸党，遂失志。
亦能顺适所遇，托浮屠死生说忘形骸者。
久之，转中书舍人，知 ．制诰。
河朔乱，兵出无 功，又言事，不见听，乞外，除为杭州刺史。
文宗立，召迁刑部侍郎。
会昌初致仕，卒。
居易累 ．以忠鲠遭摈，乃 ．放纵诗酒。
既复用，又皆幼君，仕情顿尔索寞。
卜居履道里， 与香山僧如满等结净社。
疏沼种树，构石楼，凿八节滩，为游赏之乐，茶铛酒杓不相离。
尝科头②箕踞，谈禅咏古，晏如也。
自号醉吟先生，作传。
酷好佛，亦经月不荤，称香山居士。
与胡杲、吉皎、郑据、刘真、卢贞、张浑、如满、李文爽燕 ．集，皆高年不仕，日相 招致，时人慕之，绘《九老图》。
公诗以六义为主，不尚艰难．．。
每成篇，必令其家老妪读之，问解则录。
后人评白诗如 山东父老课农桑，言言皆实者也。
鸡林国③行贾售于 ．其国相，率篇百金，伪者即能辨之。
与元稹极善胶漆，音韵亦同，天下曰“元白”。
元卒，与刘宾客齐名，曰“刘白”云。
公好神 仙，自制飞云履，焚香振足，如烟雾，冉冉生云。
2015年天津卷高考真题英语试卷-学生用卷
2015年天津卷高考真题英语试卷-学生用卷一、单项选择1、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第1题2020~2021学年天津和平区天津市第二南开学校高一上学期期中第22题0.5分2017~2018学年天津高一期末联考第9题1分2018~2019学年天津静海区天津市静海区第一中学高二上学期期中第16题1分—Sorry, Liz. I think I was a bit rude to you.—______, but don't do that again!A. Go aheadB. Forget itC. It dependsD. With pleasure2、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第2题The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.A. thatB. oneC. itD. this3、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第3题2016~2017学年广东广州高二上学期期中五校联考第17题1分2018~2019学年吉林长春朝阳区吉林省实验中学高二下学期期末第30题1分Only when Lily walked into the office that she had left the contract at home.A. she realizedB. has she realizedC. she has realizedD. did she realize4、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第4题—Jack, you seem excited.—______? I won the first prize.A. Guess whatB. So whatC. Pardon meD. Who cares5、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第5题2018~2019学年10月广东深圳福田区深圳市高级中学高中部高二月考第47题1分2019~2020学年广东深圳罗湖区深圳市翠园中学高二上学期期中第6题1分2019~2020学年陕西西安长安区西安交通大学附属中学航天学校高三上学期段考（四诊）第22题1分2017~2018学年北京海淀区北京市十一学校高二上学期期末第49题0.5分in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.A. To absorbB. To be absorbedC. AbsorbedD. Absorbing6、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第6题2016~2017学年天津高一下学期期末第22题0.5分2017~2018学年天津和平区天津市第一中学高一下学期期末第25题1分2019~2020学年陕西西安长安区西安交通大学附属中学航天学校高三上学期段考（四诊）第23题1分2016~2017学年北京海淀区北京一零一中学高二下学期期中第22题1分Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she a class at that time.A. will teachB. would teachC. has taughtD. will be teaching7、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第7题2019~2020学年3月天津河西区高三下学期月考第14题1分I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A. mightn'tB. mustn'tC. needn'tD. couldn't8、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第8题2018~2019学年10月天津和平区天津市双菱中学高二上学期月考第26题1分2018~2019学年10月广东深圳福田区深圳市高级中学高中部高二月考第48题1分2019~2020学年3月天津河西区高三下学期月考第11题1分2019~2020学年广东深圳福田区深圳市高级中学高中部高一下学期期中第15题1.5分______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.A. To workB. WorkedC. To be workingD. Having worked9、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第9题2019~2020学年12月江苏南京玄武区南京市第九中学高一上学期月考第63题1分2018~2019学年陕西西安未央区西安中学高一上学期期末第26题1分2017~2018学年北京东城区北京汇文中学高二上学期期中第35题1分2017~2018学年广东深圳福田区深圳市高级中学高中部高一下学期期中第53题1分Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement so far by the two sides.A. has been reachedB. was reachedC. will reachD. will have reached10、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第10题2019~2020学年陕西西安长安区西安交通大学附属中学航天学校高三上学期段考（四诊）第25题1分Tom had to the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.A. turn inB. turn downC. turn overD. turn to11、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第11题2019~2020学年天津南开区高三上学期期末第6题1分If you have any doubts about your health, you'd better______ your doctor at once.A. convinceB. consultC. avoidD. affect12、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第12题We need to get to the root of the problem we can solve it.A. whileB. afterC. beforeD. as13、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第13题2015~2016学年北京西城区北京师范大学第二附属中学高二上学期期中第5题I wish I ______ at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.A. will beB. would beC. have beenD. had been14、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷(部分区联考)第14题2016~2017学年天津高一下学期期末第13题1分See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn't ______ sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.A. haveB. makeC. displayD. bring15、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第15题2018~2019学年广东深圳宝安区宝安第一外国语学校高二下学期期中第62题1分2017~2018学年天津和平区天津市第一中学高二上学期期末第16题1分The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. who二、完型填空16、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第16题2017~2018学年12月河南洛阳洛龙区洛阳市第一高级中学高二上学期月考第36~55题20分2019~2020学年高一下学期单元测试第30~49题2017~2018学年黑龙江大庆红岗区大庆市铁人中学高二上学期期中第41~60题30分My fiance （未婚夫） and I were excited about shopping for our first home. But our fundswere1, and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.One agent2 a house in particular. Although her description sounded wonderful, the price was3our range, so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look4.We finally did and it was5at first sight. It was Our Home, small and charming, overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners, a nice elderly couple, we felt the warmth and6of the marriage within that home. As perfect as it was, the price remained too high for us. But every day, we would sit by the lake, looking at the house and dreaming of7it would be like to live there.Days later, we made a(n)8—far below the asking price. Surprisingly, they didn't9us. They renewed their offer10. It was also much more than we could afford, but far11than the original asking price.The next day, we got a12message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so, we decided to talk with the13directly. We made our final offer, which14was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer's bid. We knew it,15we had to try.“Sold!” said the owner. Then he16: He'd seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that we'd17the years of work they had put into their home; he realized he would take a18by selling it to us, but it was worthwhile; we were the people they wanted to live there. He told us to consider the19in the price “an early wedding present.”That's how we found our home and how I learned that when peopleare20they are not strangers, only friends we haven't yet met.A. neededB. limitedC. enoughD. largeA. recommendedB. decoratedC. soldD. rentedA. belowB. withinC. beyondD. betweenA. at leastB. at mostC. at timesD. at handA. reliefB. concernC. loveD. curiosityA. prideB. happinessC. challengeD. desireA. whichB. whyC. thatD. whatA. effortB. offerC. promiseD. profitA. come acrossB. look afterC. depend onD. laugh atA. insteadB. indeedC. asideD. apartA. worseB. betterC. lessD. higherA. relaxingB. disappointingC. pleasantD. regularA. agentsB. buyersC. managersD. ownersA. alreadyB. stillC. generallyD. everA. soB. orC. forD. butA. apologizedB. complainedC. criticizedD. explainedA. checkB. analyzeC. appreciateD. ignoreA. lossB. riskC. chanceD. leadA. increaseB. differenceC. interestD. averageA. kindB. politeC. smartD. energetic三、阅读理解17、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷（A篇）第17题University Room RegulationsApproved and Prohibited ItemsThe following items are approved for use in residential （住宿的） rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.Access to Residential RoomsStudents are provided with a combination （组合密码） for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination.Cooking PolicyStudents living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven （微波炉） to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.Pet PolicyNo pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of ＄100 and a continuing fine of ＄50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.Quiet HoursResidential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25.(1) Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms?A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds.B. Wireless routers and radios.C. Hair dryers and candles.D. TVs and electric blankets.(2) What if a student is found to have told his combination to others?A. The combination should be changed.B. The Office should be charged.C. He should replace the door lock.D. He should check out of the room.(3) What do we know about the cooking policy?A. A microwave oven can be used.B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted.C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen.D. Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking.(4) If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face _____.A. parent visitsB. a fine of $100C. the Student CourtD. a written notice(5) When can students enjoy a party in residences?A. 7:00 am, Sunday.B. 7:30 am, Thursday.C. 11:30 pm, Monday.D. 00:30 am, Saturday.18、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第18题Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn't just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces.Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company's "Oshbot" robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product's location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. "We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us, " said Breazeal.(1) How are social robots different from household robots?A. They can control their emotions.B. They are more like humans.C. They do the normal housework.D. They respond to users more slowly.(2) What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3?A. Communicate with you and perform operations.B. Answer your questions and make requests.C. Take your family pictures and deliver milk.D. Obey your orders and remind you to take pills.(3) What can Oshbot work as?A. A language teacher.B. A tour guide.C. A shop assistant.D. A private nurse.(4) We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will.A. train employeesB. be our workmatesC. improve technologiesD. take the place of workers(5) What does the passage mainly present?A. A new design idea of household robots.B. Marketing strategies for social robots.C. Information on household robots.D. An introduction to social robots.19、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第19题2017~2018学年12月河南洛阳洛龙区洛阳市第一高级中学高二上学期月考第21~25题10分2017~2018学年陕西西安雁塔区陕西师范大学附属中学高三上学期开学考试第24~28题10分One day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem—inability to read.In the library, I found my way into the "Children's Room."I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle.There on the book's cover was a beagle which looked identical to my dog. I ran my fingers over the picture of the dog on the cover. My eyes ran across the title, Amos, the Beagle with a Plan. Unknowingly, I had read the title. Without opening the book, I borrowed it from the library for the summer.Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.My mother's call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book. Everyone knew I could not read. But I had read it. Books could be incredibly wonderful and I was going to read them.I never told my mother about my "miraculous"（奇迹般地）experience that summer, but she sawa slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.(1) The author's mother told him to borrow a book in order to.A. encourage him to do more walkingB. let him spend a meaningful summerC. help cure him of his reading problemD. make him learn more about weapons(2) The book caught the author's eye because.A. it contained pretty pictures of animalsB. it reminded him of his own dogC. he found its title easy to understandD. he liked children's stories very much(3) Why could the author manage to read the book throughA. He was forced by his mother to read it.B. He identified with the story in the book.C. The book told the story of his pet dog.D. The happy ending of the story attracted him.(4) What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. The author has become a successful writer.B. The author's mother read the same book.C. The author's mother rewarded him with books.D. The author has had happy summers ever since.(5) Which one could be the best title of the passage?A. The Charm of a BookB. Mum's Strict OrderC. Reunion with My BeagleD. My Passion for Reading20、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第20题DOnce when I was facing a decision that involved high risk, I went to a friend. He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I've ever had: Be bold and brave — and mighty (强大的) forces will come to your aid.Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the past, it was seldom because I had tried and failed. It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying at all. On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance, I had always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.Boldness means a decision tobite off more than you can eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces. They are potential powers we possess: energy, skill, sound judgment, creative ideas —even physical strength greater than most of us realize.Admittedly, those mighty forces are spiritual ones. But they are more important than physical ones. A college classmate of mine, Tim, was an excellent football player, even though he weighed much less than the average player. “In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player, who had nothing but me between him and our goal line,” said Tim. “I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet — and stopped him cold.”Boldness — a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme—is not one that can be acquired overnight. But it can be taught to children and developed in adults. Confidence builds up. Surely, there will be setbacks (挫折) and disappointments in life; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success. But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you'll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.(6) Why was the author sometimes unable to reach his goal in the past?A. He faced huge risks.B. He lacked mighty forces.C. Fear prevented him from trying.D. Failure blocked his way to success.(7) What is the implied meaning of the underlined part?A. Swallow more than you can digest.B. Act slightly above your abilities.C. Develop more mysterious powers.D. Learn to make creative decisions.(8) What was especially important for Tim’s successful defense in the football game?A. His physical strength.B. His basic skill.C. His real fear.D. His spiritual force.(9) What can be learned from Paragraph 5?A. Confidence grows more rapidly in adults.B. Trying without success is meaningless.C. Repeated failure creates a better life.D. Boldness can be gained little by little.(10) What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A. To encourage people to be courageous.B. To advise people to build up physical power.C. To tell people the ways to guarantee success.D. To recommend people to develop more abilities.四、任务型阅读21、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第21题Six days a week, up and down the red hills of northeast Georgia, my grandfather brought the mail to the folks there. At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped serving the community.On his 80th birthday, I sent him a letter, noting the things we all should be thankful for — good health, good friends and good outcomes. By most measurements he was a happy man. Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down. At long last, in a comfortable home, with a generous pension, he should learn to take things easy.“Thank you for your nice words,” he wrote in his letter back, “and I know what you meant, but slowing down scares me. Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made.”“The finest and happiest years of our lives were not when all the debts were paid, and all difficult experiences had passed, and we had settled into a comfortable home. No. I go back years ago, when we lived in a three-room house, when we got up before daylight and worked till after dark to make ends meet.I rarely had more than four hours of sleep. But what I still can't figure out is why I never got tired, never felt better in my life. I guess the answer is, we were fighting for survival, protecting and providing for those we loved. What matters are not the great moments, but the partial victories, the waiting, and even the defeats. It's the journey, not the arrival, that counts.”The letter ended with a personal request: “Boy, on my next birthday, just tell me to wake up and get going, because I will have one less year to do things — and there are ten million things waiting to be done.”Christina Rossetti, an English poet, once said: “Does the road wind uphill all the way? Yes, to the very end.” Today, at 96, my grandfather is still on that long road, climbing.(6) What was the author’s grandfather before he retired? (no more than 5 words)(7) What did the author advise his grandfather to do in his letter? (no more than 10 words)(8) What is the grandfather’s view on life according to his letter back? (no more than 10 words)(9) How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (no more than 10 words)(10) Do you agree with the grandfather’s view on life? Give reasons in your own words, (no more than 20 words)五、书面表达22、【来源】 2015年高考真题天津卷第22题假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津，你校拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。
2017-2018学年广西桂林市第一中学高一下学期期中考试语文试题(答案+解析)
广西桂林市第一中学2017-2018学年高一下学期期中考试语文试题一、现代文阅读（一）论述类文本阅读阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
现代海权可界定为在国际无政府状态下一个国家在海洋领域或运用海洋所享有的实力、影响力或控制力，它不仅包括海上军事力量，还包括海洋经济实力和海洋科技水平。
海权中的海军要素并不足以保证国家经济实力的增强，它们之间存在一定的互动关系。
海军的强大有利于保护国家的海外贸易，反过来，雄厚的经济实力有利于加强海军的实力。
中国经济实力的提升必然要求实施海洋强国战略，这在一定程度上依赖海军实力的加强。
但是中国的海权不同于西方国家的海权，这主要是由文化传统和外交战略的差异决定的。
与西方文明相比，儒家文明缺乏侵略性和扩张性，这使得中国崛起的范式和要素不同于西方大国。
作为殖民主义的受害者，中国一贯反对各种形式的殖民主义，中国经济的强大更多取决于内在的廉价的劳动力和勤劳节俭的民族传统，而不是依赖干涉性的全球海军体系和寄生性的国际货币体系。
但是只要国际法还不能完全有效地制止侵略行为，中国就必须发展海军实力，以强化海权。
不过中国海权的内涵与西方扩张性的传统海权有所不同，中国海军实力的提升，主要目的在于战术上的自卫和战略上的威慑，从而有效维护国家权益。
在过去的几十年中，南海各国就是趁中国海军实力虚弱，事实上侵占了中国的南沙诸岛。
不干涉他国内政的外交传统也使中国的海权缺乏攻击性和扩张性，中国海军强国的目的不是干涉他国内政，而是为了从海洋利用与世界和平中获取物质利益和安全保障。
中国海军的制海权旨在有限防卫而不是无限战争，而且陆上防卫压力也使海军建设不能从战略层面向战术层面无限推进。
战术意义上的海洋维权可由政府执法部门来完成，这样可以减轻国际舆论和外交的压力，也符合国际法的基本原则，因为执法争端可归因于对国际法实施和解释上的分歧，而战术上的军事行动会因违背和平与发展潮流诱发“中国威胁论”。
通过经济发展和海洋战略实现和平崛起是中华民族复兴的必然选择。
2010年湖北卷高考真题英语试卷-学生用卷
2010年湖北卷高考真题英语试卷-学生用卷一、单项选择1、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第1题2010年高考真题湖北卷第21题1分2017~2018学年天津红桥区高三上学期期中第9题1分2016~2017学年宁夏石嘴山大武口区石嘴山市第三中学高一下学期期末第24题1分2018~2019学年5月天津河西区天津市新华中学高三下学期月考第11题1分This restaurant has become popular for its wide_____of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A. divisionB. areaC. rangeD. circle2、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第2题2010年高考真题湖北卷第22题1分2017~2018学年黑龙江哈尔滨道里区哈尔滨市第九中学校高一上学期期中第63题0.5分After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide ______for the homeless families.A. accommodationB. occupationC. equipmentD. furniture3、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第3题2010年高考真题湖北卷第23题1分2019~2020学年7月湖北武汉武昌区武汉市第十四中学高一下学期月考第28题1分In this lecture, I can only give you a purely view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.A. privateB. personalC. uniqueD. different4、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第24题1分2010年高考真题湖北卷第4题Mistakes don't just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason and then making the mistake becomes.A. favourableB. preciousC. essentialD. worthwhile5、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第25题1分2010年高考真题湖北卷第5题2018年天津和平区天津市耀华中学高三二模第6题1分If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my reaction will be to tell the police.A. physicalB. immediateC. sensitiveD. sudden6、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第6题2016~2017学年3月北京海淀区北京市育英中学高二下学期月考第27题1分I wasn't blaming anyone; I said errors like this could be avoided.A. merelyB. mostlyC. rarelyD. nearly7、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第7题2010年高考真题湖北卷第27题1分Duty is an act or a course of action that people______ you to take by social customs, law or religion.A. persuadeB. requestC. instructD. expect8、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第8题2010年高考真题湖北卷第28题1分2017~2018学年天津河西区高二上学期期末第19题Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house_____ his personality.A. resemblesB. strengthensC. reflectsD. shapes9、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第9题2018~2019学年黑龙江哈尔滨香坊区哈尔滨市第六中学高二上学期期末第64题0.5分Had she her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.A. looked up toB. lived up toC. kept up withD. come up with10、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第10题2010年高考真题湖北卷第30题1分2018~2019学年辽宁大连沙河口区大连育明高级中学高一上学期期中第15题1分2018~2019学年天津和平区天津市第一中学高一下学期期中第7题1分2018~2019学年12月江苏扬州江都区江苏省江都中学高一上学期月考（华罗庚中学、句容中学、溧水中学等五校联考）第25题1分It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money favors to them.A. in preference toB. in place ofC. in agreement withD. in exchange for二、完形填空11、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第31~50题30分(每题1.5分)2010年高考真题湖北卷第11题2018~2019学年广西南宁青秀区南宁市第二中学高二上学期期末第41~60题30分The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to 1the seats, settled in one of them.It had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of 2Susan’s husband Mark watchedher 3into hopelessness and he was 4to use every possible means to help his wife.Finally, Susan felt ready to 5to her job, but how would she get there? She used to take the bus, but she was now too 6to get around the city by herself. Mark7to ride the bus with Susan each morning andevening 8she could manage it by herself.For two weeks, Mark 9Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other10, specifically her hearing, to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new11At last, Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip12Monday morning arrived. Before she left, she hugged her husband 13,her eyes filled with tears of gratitude（感激）. She said good-bye and, for the first time, they wenttheir 14ways. Each day went perfectly, and a wildexcitement 15Susan.She was doing it!On Friday morning, Susan took the bus to work 16As she was getting off the bus, the driver said, “Miss, I sure17you.” Curious, Susan asked the driver18“You know, every morning for the 19week, a fine-looking gentleman in a military uniform has been standing across the corner watching you until you enter your office building safely, ” the bus driver said.Tears of happiness poured down Susan’s cheeks. She was so lucky for he had given her a gift more powerful than20, that is the gift of love that can bring light where there is darkness.A. touchB. grabC. countD. feelA. weaknessB. sicknessC. darknessD. sadnessA. runB. sinkC. jumpD. stepA. inspiredB. determinedC. honoredD. pleasedA. returnB. adjustC. contributeD. stickA. tiredB. astonishedC. depressedD. frightenedA. volunteeredB. attemptedC. continuedD. struggledA. whenB. asC. untilD. afterA. droveB. directedC. accompaniedD. sentA. feelingB. organsC. skillsD. sensesA. positionB. environmentC. statusD. roleA. on herownB. in personC. to her benefitD. on footA. politelyB. calmlyC. brieflyD. tightlyA. oppositeB. separateC. fixedD. lonelyA. tookcharge ofB. took place ofC. took advantage ofD. took hold ofA. as usualB. as a ruleC. as wellD. as a consequenceA. respectB. envyC. knowD. supportA. whatB. howC. whyD. whoA. pastB. sameC. firstD. nextA. courageB. willC. sightD. wisdom三、阅读理解12、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第12题2010年高考真题湖北卷（A篇）第51~54题8分2016~2017学年北京西城区北京师范大学附属中学高一下学期期中第31~34题8分It was a Sunday and the heavy storm had lasted all night. The morning after the storm, though, was beautiful: blue skies, warm air and a calm, inviting sea touching the shore gently.My father realized it was a good day for fishing and invited my sister and me to go with him. I was only 14 and fishing had never been my thing, but I decided to go all the same. TAL#NBSP I'm so glad I did.On the road to the harbour we could see the terrible destruction on the coast, but the harbour itself was in fairly good shape. After all, it was protected by the arms of a bay that had only one tiny channel to the sea. As we got on board, we noticed two big humps（脊背）in the distance.On approaching them, we saw it was a mother whale with her baby. We couldn't believe it—there aren't any whales along the coast here. The storm must have driven them across the ocean into the bay, in which the still water was so badly polluted that nothing could survive.The little baby whale—actually as big as our boat—was obviously stuck and could not move. The mother dived under the water and came up suddenly, making big whirlpools（漩涡）and waves. "She's trying to help her baby, but on the wrong side, "my father said. At this point, my father moved our boat in a semicircle to the other side and, heading the boat towards the baby whale, pushed it gently. With our several gentle pushes the big hump turned over and disappeared under water. Then it swam up right beside its mum. They struggled in their desperate attempts to escape but missed the exit and started heading in the wrong direction. We hurried up to the whales and tried to lead them towards the bay channel. Slowly, they let us lead them, some-times rising from the water right beside us to breathe—and to give us a trusting look with those huge eyes. Once they hit their first part of clean water flowing straight from the sea, the mum gave us a wave with her tail and off they swam into the distance.In the excitement it had felt like only a few minutes, but we had been with those wonderful animals for almost an hour and a half. That was the simple and lasting beauty of the day, Nearly four decades later,I still look back fondly to that golden day at sea.(1) The author says "I'm so glad I did." （in Para. 2） because.A. he witnessed the whole process of fishingB. he enjoyed the beauty of the calm seaC. he experienced the rescue of the whalesD. he spent the weekend with his family(2) The harbour survived the storm owing to.A. the shape of the harbourB. the arms of the bayC. the still water in the channelD. the long coast line(3) The mother whale failed to help her baby because.A. she had stayed in the polluted water for too longB. the whirl pools she had made were not big enoughC. she had no other whales around to turn to for helpD. the waves pushed her baby in the wrong direction(4) What is the theme of the story?A. Saving lives brings people a sense of happinessB. Fishing provides excitement for childrenC. It's necessary to live in harmony with animalsD. It's vital to protect the environment13、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第13题2017~2018学年广东广州海珠区广州市第六中学高三下学期期中（D篇）第32~35题8分2017~2018学年广东广州越秀区广州市第十六中学高一上学期期中第4题2016~2017学年广东广州越秀区广州市第十六中学高一上学期期中第32~35题8分For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do?Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In part, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents' point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents' complete unreasonableness. And of course, TAL#NBSP the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely.Both feel trapped.In this article, I'll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap. The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things. Examples include the color of the teen's hair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the child's failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends. Second, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. Third, needing to be right, It doesn't matter what the topic is—politics. The laws of physics, or the proper way to break an egg—the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong. for both wish to be considered an authority—someone who actually knows something — and therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they'll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.(1) Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict?A. Both can continue for generations.B. Both are about where to draw the lineC. Neither has any clear winnerD. Neither can be put to an end(2) What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?A. The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict.B. The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflictC. The teens cause their parents of misleading themD. The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents(3) Parents and teens want to be right because they want to.A. give orders to the otherB. know more than the otherC. gain respect from the otherD. get the other to behave properly(4) What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?A. Causes for the parent –teen conflictsB. Examples of the parent –teen war.C. Solutions for the parent –teen problemsD. Future of the parent-teen relationship14、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷（C篇）第59~62题8分(每题2分)2010年高考真题湖北卷（C篇）第14题2017~2018学年北京西城区北京师范大学附属中学高二下学期期中第64~67题8分They wear the latest fashions with the most up-to-date accessories （配饰）. Yet these are girls in their teens or twenties but women in their sixties and seventies. A generation which would once only wear old-fashioned clothes is now favoring the same high street looks worn by those half their age.Professor Julia Twigg, a social policy expert, said, "Women over 75 are now shopping for clothes more frequently than they did when they were young in the 1960s. In the 1960s buying a coat for a woman was a serious matter. It was an expensive item that they would purchase only every three or four years —now you can pick one up at the supermarket whenever you wish to. Fashion is a lot cheaper and people get tired of things more quickly. "Professor Twigg analyzed family expending（支出）data and found that while the percentage of spending on clothes and shoes by women had stayed around the same—and 5 or 6 per cent of spending—the amount of clothes bought had risen sharply.The professor said, "Clothes are now 70 per cent cheaper than they were in the 1960s because of the huge expansion of production in the Far East. In the 1960s Leeds was the heart of the British fashion industry and that was where most of the clothes came from, but now almost all of our clothes are sourced elsewhere. Everyone is buying more clothes but in general we are not spending more money on them. "Fashion designer Angela Barnard, who runs her own fashion business in London, said older women were much more affected by celebrity（名流） style than in previous years.She said, "When people see stars such as Judi Dench and Helen Mirren looking attractive and fashionable in their sixties, they want to follow them. Older women are much more aware of celebrities. There's also the boom in TV programmes showing people how they can change their look, and many of my older customers do yoga to stay in shape well in their fifties. When I started my business a few years ago, my older customers tended to be very rich, but now they are what I would call ordinary women. My own mother is 61 and she wears the latest fashions in a way she would never have done ten years ago. "(1) Professor Twigg found that, compared with the 1960s,.A. the price of clothes has generally fallen by 70%B. the spending on clothes has increased by 5% or 6%C. people spend 30% less than they did on clothesD. the amount of clothes bought has risen by 5% or 6%(2) What can we learn about old women in terms of fashionA. They are often ignored by fashion designers.B. They are now more easily influenced by stars.C. They are regarded as pioneers in the latest fashion.D. They are more interested in clothes because of their old age.(3) It can be concluded that old women tend to wear the latest fashions today mainlybecauseA. they get tired of things more quicklyB. TV shows teach them how to change their lookC. they are in much better shape nowD. clothes are much cheaper than before(4) Which is the best possible title of the passage?A. Age Is No Barrier for Fashion FansB. The More Fashionable, the Less ExpensiveC. Unexpected Changes in FashionD. Boom of the British Fashion Industry15、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷（D篇）第63~66题8分(每题2分)2010年高考真题湖北卷第15题This brief book is aimed at high school students, but speaks to anyone learning at any stage of life.Its formal, serious style closely matches its content, a school-masterly book on schooling. The author, W. H. Armstrong, starts with the basics: reading and writing. In his opinion, reading doesn't just mean recognizing each word on the page; it means taking in the information, digesting it and incorporating it into oneself just as one digests a sandwich and makes it a part of him. The goal is to bring the information back to life, not just to treat it as dead facts on paper from dead trees. Reading and writing cannot be completely separated from each other; in fact, the aim of reading is to express the information you have got from the text. I've seen it again and again：some-one who can't express an idea after reading a text is just as ineffective as someone who hasn't read it at all.Only a third of the book remains after that discussion, which Armstrong devotes to specific tips for studying languages, math, science and history. He generally handles these topics thoroughly（透彻地）and equally, except for some weakness in the science and math sections and a bit too much passion（激情） regarding history to his students, that was a hundred times more than my history teachers ever got across. To my disappointment, in this part of the book he ignores the arts. As a matter of fact, they demand all the concentration and study that math and science do, though the study differs slightly in kind. Although it's commonly believed that the arts can only be naturally acquired, actually, learning the arts is no more natural than learning French or mathematics.My other comment is that the text aged.The first edition apparently dates to the 1960s—none of the references（参考文献）seem newer than the late 1950s. As a result, the discussion misses the entire computer age.These are small points, though, and don't affect the main discussion. I recommend it to any student and any teacher, including the self-taught student.(1) According to Armstrong, the goal of reading is to.A. gain knowledge and expand one's viewB. understand the meaning between the linesC. experts ideas based on what one has readD. gets information and keeps it alive in memory(2) The author of the passage insists that learning the arts.A. requires great effortsB. demands real passionC. is less natural than learning mathsD. is as natural as learning a language(3) What is a shortcoming of Armstrong's work according to the author?A. Some ideas are slightly contradictory.B. There is too much discussion on studying science.C. The style is too serious.D. It lacks new information.(4) This passage can be classified as.A. an advertisementB. a book reviewC. a feature storyD. a news report16、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷E篇第67~70题8分(每题2分)2010年高考真题湖北卷第16题EHave you winterized your horse yet? Even though global warming may have made our climate more mild, many animals are still hibernating(冬眠). It’s too bad that humans can’t hibernate. In fact,as a species, we almost did.Apparently, at times in the past, peasants in France liked a semi-state of human hibernation. So writes Graham Robb, a British scholar who has studied the sleeping habits of the French peasants. As soon as the weather turned cold people all over France shut themselves away and practiced the forgotten art of doing nothing at all for months on end.In line with this, Jeff Warren, a producerat CBC Radio’s The Current, tells us that the way we sleep has changed fundamentally since the invention of artificial(人造的) lighting and the electric bulb.When historians began studying texts of the Middle Ages, they noticed something referred to as “first sleep”, which was not clarified, though. Now scientists are telling us our ancestors most likely slept in separate periods. The business of eight hours’ uninterrupted sleep is a modern invention.In the past, without the artificial light of the city to bathe in, humans went to sleep when it became dark and then woke themselves around midnight. The late night period was known as “The Watch”It was when people actually kept watch against wild animals, although many of them simply moved around or visited family and neighbours.According to some sleep researchers,a short period of insomnia(失眠) at midnight is not a disorder. It is normal. Humans can experience another state of consciousness around their sleeping, which occurs in the brief period before we fall asleep or wake ourselves in the morning. This period can be an extraordinarily creative time for some people. The impressive inventor,Thomas Edison, used this state to hit upon many of his new ideas.Playing with your sleep rhythms can be adventurous, as anxiety may set in. Medical science doesn’t help much in this case. It offers us medicines for a full night’s continuous sleep, which sounds natural;however, according to Warren’s theory，it is really the opposite of what we need.(1) The example of the French peasants shows the fact that________.A. people might become lazy as a result of too much sleepB. there were signs of hibernation inhuman sleeping habitsC. people tended to sleep more peacefully in cold weatherD. winter was a season for people to sleep for months on end(2) The late night was called “The Watch” because it was a time for people______.A. to set traps to catch animalsB. to wake up their family and neighboursC. to remind others of the timeD. to guard against possible dangers(3) What does the author advise people to do?A. Sleep in the way animals do.B. Consult a doctor if they can’t sleep.C. Follow their natural sleep rhythm.D. Keep to the eight-hour sleep pattern.(4) What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A. To give a prescription for insomnia.B. To urge people to sleep less.C. To analyze the sleep pattern of modern people.D. To throw new light on human sleep.四、完成句子17、【来源】 2010年高考真题湖北卷第17题阅读下列各小题，根据括号内的汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子，并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。
考点13+仿写句子(必修5)+Word版含解析.doc
仿写句式★★★○○○【命题说明】仿写句子的题目注意有续写式仿写和命题式仿写，一般以简答题的方式出现，大纲卷和课标卷的前5年是必考的题目。
仿句题解题方法――要“像”，且只求“像”。
仿句题主要考查句子的一致性的问题，就是仿照给定的例句再造一个句子，就是“照葫芦画瓢”。
这“瓢”画得好不好，实际上就是一个像不像的问题。
“像”是仿句题做得好的重要标准。
怎么才叫“像”呢，即怎样才叫和例句一致呢？第一步：照葫芦――要“像”――看句式，看修辞，看情感风格，看结构关系。
“照葫芦”就是对所给仿句题全面审题的过程。
只有把葫芦的特点在内心中搞清，才能保证画的葫芦像。
一般来说，应从四个方面观照“仿句”这个葫芦。
局部上，句式要一致。
例句中的分句是主动句，还是被动句；例句是常式句，还是变式句；例句是整句还是散句；是复句还是单句，等等，仿的句子也要相应的和例句相同。
语言上，修辞格要一致。
例句运用了比喻、借代、排比等哪种修辞格，还是混用了几种修辞格，仿的句子也要相应的和例句相同。
内容上，情感风格要一致。
例句是记叙、议论、还是描写、抒情；例句是举例，还是概说；是富有文采，还是平实叙写，等等，仿的句子也要相应的和例句相同整体上，结构关系要一致。
原句是总分关系，还是分总关系；是从现象到本质，还是先概括再举例；是并列关系、是递进关系，还是转折关系，等等，仿的句子也要相应的和例句相同。
以上四个方面，并不是每一道仿句题都会涉及，但在做题的过程中，要从这样的几个方面去考虑。
而且，一道仿句题常常把其中的上面四点中的一点做为重点，在做题时，要首先把这最重要的一点找出来。
第二步：画瓢――只求“像”――就近联想上面说的“像”还有一层意思，就是在思维上并不要求仿写的句子怎样的与众不同，怎样的富有哲理，而是与原句越相近越好。
有些同学总想出新，结果可能会适得其反，丢了分数。
只求“像”，在思维上，就是要求同学们要“就近联想”。
这很像古代的对句，例句是“山”，大家就不妨写“海”、“河”；例句是“音乐”，大家就不妨写“诗歌”，“绘画”、“雕塑”；例句是“花”，大家就不妨写“鸟”、“虫”“鱼”，等等。
天津第一中学高一下学期期中语文含答案
天津一中2018-2019-2 高一年级语文学科模块三质量调查试卷本试卷分为第I 卷（选择题）、第II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共100 分，考试用时120 分钟。
第I 卷1 至2 页，第II 卷3 至4 页。
考生务必将答案涂写规定的位置上，答在试卷上的无效。
祝各位考生考试顺利!第I 卷一、基础知识（每题2 分，共20 分）1、下列词语中字形和加点字的读音全都正确的一组是（）A.阜．盛fù颦蹙笑靥．yè不经．之谈jīngB.敕．造chì聒燥殉．情xùn 自名得意C.忖．度cǔn 盥洗汲．取jí人才济．济jìD.病症．zhēng 舟楫畏葸．xǐ撒手人寰2、下列各句中字形和加点字的读音全都正确的一项是（）A.这个星系位于仙女星座，跟其他漩．xuán 涡星系一样，他是一个由恒星、气体和尘埃．ái 组成的巨大火轮。
B.从白天到黑夜的疑虑，全给祝福的空气一扫而光，只觉得天地圣众歆．xīn 享了牲醴，都醉醺醺的在空中蹒姗，预备给鲁镇的人无限的幸福。
C.该公司在把握市场脉膊的基础上，另辟蹊径，依靠独树一帜的管理理念以及出奇不意的营销策略赢得了商机，获得了发展。
D.富贵不知乐业，贫穷难耐凄凉。
可怜辜负好韶．sháo 光，于国于家无望。
天下无能第一，古今不肖．xiào 无双，寄言纨袴与膏粱，莫效此儿形状。
3、下列各句横线处应填入的词语，最恰当的一组是（）（1）自得其乐的游戏，使动物紧张的自然竞争生活得到某种和补偿，使它们在生理上、心理上容易保持平衡。
（2）“身在红尘，心在青山”是句蓄满了生活深思的哲言。
身在红尘而不想被“红尘”_ ，只有保持着对浊世某种程度的疏离和超越，这样才能真正品味出生命的意义。
（3）与电视剧本身相比，剧中翻书的动作、人物的坐姿等，只是一些细节。
然而，令专家、遭观众调侃的，正是其中与历史常识相冲突的文化“倒刺”。
2017-2018学年福建省福州第一中学高一下学期期中考试语文试题 解析版
福州一中 2017-2018学年第二学期期中考试高一语文学科必修三模块考试(试题卷)一、语文基础知识选择题1.下列加点字读音完全正确的一项是( )A. 阜．盛(fù) 湮．没(yān) 朱拓．(tà) 捺．上(nà)B. 黏．液(nián) 脊髓．(suí) 贾．人(gǔ) 藩．篱(fān)C. 聒．噪(guō) 狗彘．(zhì) 旋．涡(xuàn) 伺．候(cì)D. 逡．巡(qūn) 臭．迹(chòu) 汲．取(jí) 跬．步(kuǐ)【答案】A【解析】【详解】试题分析：本题考查识记现代汉语常用字的字音的能力。
解此类题时，要结合平时所积累字音知识及相关技巧进行辨析，尤其注意多音字、形似字、音近字、方言、生僻字等。
同时一定要关注音调。
B项，脊髓suǐ；C项，旋涡xuán；D项，臭迹xiù。
故选A。
2.下列字形完全正确的一项是( )A. 两颚形骸杜撰奄奄一息B. 谬种斑斓嘻闹晕眩战栗C. 膏腴须臾疯颠瓮牖绳枢D. 鞭笞璀璨囊括撒手人鬟【答案】A【解析】【详解】试题分析：本题考查识记并正确书写现代常用规范汉字的能力。
解答此题，要靠学生平时对双音节词语和成语的积累。
同时，可结合字词的意义来判定字形是否正确。
B项，嬉闹；C项，疯癫；D项，撒手人寰。
故选A。
3.下列加点字的解释完全正确的一项是( )A. 危．乎高哉：高所守或．匪亲：有的一去．紫台连朔漠：离开梦啼妆泪红阑干．．：纵横错乱的样子B. 却．坐促弦弦转急：退此情可．待成追忆：可以直．不百步耳：只是，不过申之以孝悌．之义：敬爱兄长C. 可以横绝．峨眉巅：越过积土成山，风雨兴焉．：从这里，在这里不爱．珍器重宝肥饶之地：喜欢斩木为兵，揭．竿为旗：举D. 士大夫之族．：类君子不齿．：并列、排列追亡逐北．：溃败的(军队) 而闻者彰．：清楚【答案】D【解析】【详解】试题分析：本题考查理解常见文言实词在文中的含义。
天津市第一中学2017-2018学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题Word版含答案
天津一中、益中学校 2017-2018-1 高二年级英语学科模块质量调查试卷本试卷分为第 I 卷（选择题）、第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 100 分，考试用时90 分钟。
第I 卷1 至4 页，第II 卷1 至1 页。
考生务必将答案涂写规定的位置上，答在试卷上的无效。
祝各位考生考试顺利!I. 听力(10%)第一节(共 5 小题)第一卷听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are they talking about?A. A dictionary.B. A bookshop.C. A movie.2. When will the meeting begin?A. 9:00.B. 10:00.C. 12:00.3. How much is the woman going to pay for the hat?A. $80.B. $72.C. $88.4. What do you think the man has bought?A. A bowl of ice cream.B. A nice dress.C. Some strawberries.5. What can we learn about the woman in the conversation? A.She is a good friend of Mary’s.B. She never uses make-up herself.C. She was unhappy to hear the man’s comment.第二节(共 15 小题)听下面 5 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。
河南省郑州市第一中学2017-2018学年高一下学期期中考试语文试题
【题文】阅读下面的材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。
近日，有出版公司推出了青春版《红楼梦》，一套6册，每册书本呈口袋书籍大小,封面以现代水墨为设计元素。
除了书本身外，该系列还开启了伴读服务，邀请了好妹妹乐队和歌手陈粒制作相关歌曲，附送定制皮书套，开发了相关的APP等等。
出版方表示，出版青春版《红楼梦》是为了“吸引年轻人读《红楼梦》”；有人则认为这是“过度消费经典的行为”。
你如何看待出版青春版《红楼梦》这件事？请根据材料阐述你的看法和理由。
要求选好角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题，不要套作，不得抄袭，不得泄露个人信息。
【答案】青春版《红楼梦》是种有益的尝试近日，有出版公司推出青春版《红楼梦》，还请流行乐队与歌手制作相关歌曲，还开启伴读服务并推出app。
我觉得，这是在当下社会推广经典的一种有益尝试。
经典的意义无需多言，但经典的产生一定是经过时间长河淘洗冲刷的，是几代人披沙而拣选出来的“金”。
从这方面讲，经典会与当下的人们有些隔阂，这个正常。
就如《红楼梦》，其成书年代距今三百年左右，其时其人的社会结构、行为方式、思维模式与现今已天差地别。
要想现代人与《红楼梦》之类的经典“无缝对接”，难！可我们又不想抛弃好东西。
直接与经典硬碰硬，固然是种对话的正确方式；但将经典作一番现代化的包装，让其更吸引年轻人，不也是好的吗？当然，既然是尝试，就有试错的可能。
也许包装者对经典的理解不那么全面深刻，也许他们的看法十分“离经叛道”，只要有一份对经典的敬畏之心，即便出了什么偏差，也是十分宝贵的经验教训。
至于“过度消费经典”的担心与指责，我们也要正视。
正是见过太多因功利浮躁而“毁经典”的现象，不少人才呼吁对经典应保有最基本的尊重。
所以我认为，要让经典的光芒穿透时空，照亮未来，不仅只有材料中的方式，还应有更多的举措，做到既让当下年轻人容易接受，又做到不亵渎经典，让经典的完整内核传承下去。
比如，延请专家把关指导，组织开发人员集中学习。
2017_2018学年天津河北区初二上学期期中语文试卷及详解(PDF版)
（1） 简析第一段中划线句子的描写手法及表达效果。 （2） 第⑫段中划线句子为什么说“我”对常远的名字熟悉而又陌生？ （3） 联系内容分析，常远的那些品质让“我”和老李觉得“后生可畏”？ （4） 小说主人公是常远，作者却以大部分内容写“我”和老李，这样写又什么好处？
（节选自《徐霞客游记》） 【注】①许：左右。里许：一里左右。②危：高。③三姑：地名。④幔亭峰：山峰名。 （1） 解释下面句中加粗词语
1 然业已上登 2 不及返顾 （2） 下列对文中画线部分的断句，正确的一项是 A. 土人新以木板循岩为室/曲直高下/随岩婉转 B. 土人新/以木板循岩为室/曲直高下随岩婉转 C. 土人新以木板循岩/为室曲直高下/随岩婉转 D. 土人新/以木板循岩为室曲直/高下随岩婉转 （3） 作者前往“换骨岩”途中俯瞰到什么“佳致”？请简要概括。
53%的受访者表示，童年时期曾经遭受过性侵。
关心社会，对于已经功成名就的阿米尔·汗而言，除了让他被人称之为“印度的良心”外，并没
有带来什么实际好处。相反，因为这份“炽热的良心”，他得到不少麻烦和损失。他惹怒过地方政
府和印度教激进团体，并且因此丧失了印度电子市集巨头Snapdeal的代言；他的人身安全也因此
三、文学类文本阅读
11 阅读下面的文章，回答下题。 后生可畏 刘斌立
①我第一次去鉴睿律师楼，就注意到了前台旁边多了一张不怎么和谐的小桌子。一个大男孩 模样的小伙子，睡眼惺忪地在那捧着厚厚的《刑法》，有一页没一页的翻着。
②我问了问律师楼的合伙人李信，他一脸嬉笑地回答：这孩子他爸是我们律师楼的大客户， 也是老朋友了。他想让他儿子考律师，非得要我们把这孩子安排在这打杂，一边让他看书备考。 其实我们啥事也没给他安排，让他自己在那天天待着呢。
第一中学校高一下学期期中考试语文试题(含解析)
第一中学校高一下学期期中考试语文试题（含解析）重庆市第一中学校2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试语文试题卷注意事项：1.答题前，请将姓名、班级填写在答题卡上。
2回答选抒趣时，选出每小题答案后请用船笔把答题卡上对应位置涂黑：如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
回答非选择题时，请将答案写在答题卡上：在试卷上作答无效。
3.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，18分）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
材料一：我们每个人都生活、工作在这个地球的一隅，在一个小圈子里活动。
我们对具有广泛影响的公共事件充其量只能了解某个方面或某一片段。
我们的见解不可避免地涵盖着要比我们的直接观察更为广泛的空间、更为漫长的时间和更为庞杂的事物，这些见解是由别人的报道和我们自己的想象拼合在一起的。
然而，即使是目击者也不可能原原本本地再现事件的全貌，因为经验似乎表明，他本人会对事后减弱了的现场印象作些添枝加叶的处理。
实际上，更常见的并不是他凭想象去描绘一个事件，而是对它进行改编。
绝大多数事实似乎都在某种程度上经过了有意加工。
一篇报道乃是当事人和知情者的共同产物，其中那个旁观者的角色总是带有选择性倾向，通常还会带有创造性。
我们对事实的认识取决于我们所处的地位和我们的观察习惯。
在哥廷根曾召开过一次心理学会议，其间有一批据说是训练有素的观察家接受了一次饶有趣味的实验。
主办方预先安排了一场“事件"：突然，会议厅大门被人撞开，一个小丑冲了进来，一个持枪黑人在后面狂追。
他们在大厅中央停下厮打。
整个事件持续了不到20秒钟，演员们离开大厅。
会议主席要求在座各位当即写出一篇报告。
交上来的报告共40篇，报告数据如图所示：40名老练的旁观者针对刚刚发生在眼前的这一事件写出了一篇篇“负责任”的报道，却使大多数人了解到一次并未发生的事件。
要想生动详尽地察看所有事物而不加以分类概括，这会使人筋疲力尽，而且，面对五花八门的事物也没有这种可能性。