第九讲 英语翻译技巧省略法

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省略译法——精选推荐

省略译法——精选推荐

三、省略法Omission in English-Chinese Translation省略法也被称为减词法(pruning)。

跟增词法刚好相反,省略法是指把原文中有的词语省掉不译出来,但省掉的都是一些可有可无的或违背译语语言习惯的词,如实词中的代词、动词的省略,虚词中的冠词、介词和连词的省略等,目的是为了在忠实的基础上使译文更加简洁通顺。

一、由于语法差异而需要省略:1.代词的省略:英语中代词的使用频率远远高于汉语,根据实际情况有时需要把代词所指代的人或事物重复出来,而有时则可以直接省掉,有人称代词(主格或宾格),物主代词等。

Order is order. W e cannot complain, we cannot bargain, we cannot question and we cannot suggest changes.命令就是命令,不得抱怨,不得讨价还价,不得置疑,不得建议修改。

One must make painstaking efforts before one can master a foreign language.要掌握一门外语非下苦功夫不可.He put his hands in his pockets and then shrugged his shoulders.他把双手放进衣兜里,耸了耸肩。

A person with nerve damage in the spinal cord can grasp objects when his or her forearms are activated by a device like this one.脊髓神经有损伤的人使用这样的装置后,前臂肌肉被激活,便能抓住东西。

2.Omitting the imp ersonal pronoun “it”This often occurs when “it” is meaningless or empty.It的省略:it作形式主语或宾语,强调句中的it,或表示自然现象、时间、地点、距离等的it 常常可以省略。

英语省略法

英语省略法
1.省略作主语的人称代词 根据汉语习惯,前句出现一个主语,后句如仍为同 一主语,就不必重复出现。英语中通常每句都有主语, 因此人称代词作主语往往多次出现,这种人称代词汉译 时常常可以省略。 (1)省略作主语的人称代词 I had many wonderful ideas, but I only put a few into practice. 我有很多美妙的想法,但是只把少数付诸实践了。
She listened to me with her rounded eyes. 她睁大双眼,听我说话。
(二)代词it的省略
it起着代词的作用,在译文中,当它被用作非人was pitch dark and it was raining cats and dogs. 外面一团漆黑,大雨倾盆。 He glanced at his watch; it was 7:15. 他一看表,是七点一刻了。 It took me a long time to reach the hospital. 我花了很长时间才到了医院。 It is the people who are really powerful. 人民才是最强大的。
省略法
省略法(omission),也叫减省译法,是指在翻译中,原 文中有些词在译文中可以省略,不必翻译出来。因为译 文中虽然没有这个词,但是已经具有了原文这个词所表 达的意思,或者这个词在译文中的意义是不言而喻的。 省略的目的在于使译文更加通顺流畅,更符合译文习惯。
崔翔 121310229
(一)省代词
3.省略物主代词
英语句子中的物主代词出现的频率相当高。一个句 子往往会出现好几个物主代词,如果将每个物主代词都 翻译出来,那么汉语译文就显得非常罗嗦。所以在没有 其他人称的物主代词出现的情况下,在翻译时物主代词 大多被省略。 I put my hand into my pocket. 我把手放进口袋。

翻译省略法

翻译省略法

eg: You must excuse me, I shall not speak of the matter again. 请你原谅,我以后不再提这事了。

eg: In fact he showed quite clearly that the Copernican ideas were correct. But he did not say openly that he accepted them. 事实上,他相当清楚地表明,哥白尼的学说是正确的; 只是他没有公开宣布接受。
• (2)英译汉时,省略原文中的冠词是一般情况。 但在某些场合,冠词却不能省略。 • He left without saying a word. • 他一句话不说就走了。(不定冠词a或an指“一” 时,不能省) • The child are of an age. • 这些孩子都是同岁。 • The onlooker saw the little party climb ashore. • 看得人只见那一小队人爬上岸去。 • This is the book you wanted. • 这就是你想要的那本书。
3.省略物主代词
英语中的物主代词,汉译时往往可以省略,例 如 I wash my face in the morning,汉语只需说 “我早上洗脸”,而不必说“我早上洗我的脸”。 eg: She went, with her neat figure, and her sober womanly step, down the dark street. 她顺着黑暗的街道走去,显出利落匀称的身材, 迈着端庄的女人的步子。
eg: He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing. 他耸耸(‧‧‧‧‧‧)肩,摇摇(‧‧‧‧‧‧)头,(‧‧‧‧‧‧)两 眼看天,一句话不说。

英译汉翻译技巧省略法

英译汉翻译技巧省略法

英译汉翻译技巧省略法省略法(omission)是为了行文的简洁和更符合目的与习惯,将一些重复的词语或一些已被涵盖的意义省去的翻译方法,而原文的意义并未因此受到任何损失。

1.When she could no longer decide, she became depressed. Whenever Dwight picked up the baby to take him to his place or to the doctor’s for a checkup, she felt relief.她无法抉择,心情压抑,而前夫马赛一把孩子接走或是送到诊所接受检查她就会有一种轻松感。

2.Rupert with his flexible young knees sat in a hunch-and-crouch pose in imitation of the natives.鲁珀特年龄小,双膝柔韧,学着当地人的样子,弓背缩身地跪坐着。

3.Stainless steel possess good hardness and high strength.不锈钢硬度大,强度高。

4.Penicillin works by not allowing a bacterium to build its cell wall.青霉素的作用是不让细菌制造细胞壁。

5. This is the solid rocky bottom under the ooze and mud of the ocean floor.海底软泥和泥层下面是坚硬的岩石层。

6. There is a 30% increase of our installed capacity with this year.今年,我们的装机容量增加了 30%。

7.在工作中,我们必须避免犯不必要的的错误。

We must avoid making mistakes in our work.8.质子带阳电,电子带阴电,而中子既不带阳电也不带阴电。

英译汉翻译技巧——省略法

英译汉翻译技巧——省略法
英译汉翻译技巧
省略法
首先请试译下面的句子:
Dr John resumed his experiment as soon as he came into the laboratory.
译文一:约翰博士一到实验室,他就继续做实验。 译文二:约翰博士一到实验室就继续做实验。
译文一将主从句的主语都译出,貌似“忠 实”,但产生歧义,可能让人以为“他”和”语有冠词,汉语没有冠词;因此,英译汉时往往可 将冠词省略。
A teacher should have patience in his work. 当教员的应当有耐心。(省略不定冠词A)
It is out of the question to fly to the moon in the past.
试比较:……树叶从树上落下来,草也枯死了。 前者简明洗炼。
小结
1. 省译法不是任意省略、删减。从以上各例句中 不难看出,某些词语如果不删减,译文必定不够简 洁,或累赘不堪,甚至影响整体意思的表达。采用 省略法不仅使译文读起来流畅、自然,而且突出了 原文的整体意思。 2. 应该特别注意的是,省略绝不能影响原文的中 心思想和整体意思,否则就是违背“忠实”这一基 本原则。从原则上讲,翻译不能对原文内容作任何 删减,所以,采用省略法必须以不损害原文的内容 为前提。 3. 与增译法(amplification)相比,减省的情况要 少得多,所以,省略法要慎用,绝不可想删就删, 随心所欲。
Smoking is prohibited in public places. 公共场所不准吸烟。
(六)省略动词
英语句子中一般必须有谓语动词。而汉语的谓语 并不一定非由动词充当,形容词和名词等同样可 以作谓语。
When the pressure gets low, the boilingpoint becomes low. 气压低,沸点就低。

第九讲 英语翻译技巧省略法

第九讲 英语翻译技巧省略法
张伟红
1) Her room is always kept clean and tidy though she is busy all day. 尽管她整天忙忙碌碌, 她的房间却保持得干干净净,利利落落。 2) Jesse opened his eyes. They were filled with tears. 杰西睁开眼睛, 眼里充满了泪水。 3) You may borrow whichever novel in my bookcase you like best. 我书架上的小说你最爱哪一本, 你就可以借哪一本。 4)They wanted to determine if he complied with the terms of his employment and his obligations as an American. 他们想要确定, 他是否履行了受雇条件, 是否履行了作为美国 公民所应尽的职责。 5)Some have entered college and others have gone to the countryside. 上大学的上大学, 下乡的下乡。 张伟红
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第九讲 省略法 (Omission)
2009-11-2
张伟红

一、练习 二、英汉翻译中的省略技巧 三、汉英翻译中的省略技巧
1.省略某些重复词语 2.省略表示范畴的词语 3.省略可能影响译文修辞效果的词语
四、汉译英练习
张伟红
一、英汉翻译中的省略技巧
Eg.1)You can never tell who is right. 很难说谁对谁错。(省略人称代词) 2)Those who are in favor please hold up their hands. 赞成的请举手。(省略指示代词、关系代词和物主代词) 3)It’s necessary to develop our computer science at high speed. 必须高速发展我国的计算机科学。(省略形式主语it) 4)A deaf husband and a blind wife are always a happy couple. 丈夫聋,妻子瞎,美美满满过一家。(省略冠词)

英汉翻译之省略法

英汉翻译之省略法
He was on the verge of losing his temper with his wife when she uttered a cry.
他正要对妻子发脾气,她忽然大喊了一声。
He walked when he might have taken a car.
尽管他可以坐汽车去,他还是走着去了。
There was expected to be more discussion.
希望有更多的讨论。 There ars. 没有绝对的导体。
Warm-up Activity
3)译成“四字句”或并列句。 There is no down. 平安无事。 There is not a moment to be lost. 分秒必争。 There is no telling what will happen. 未来的事无可奉告。 There are friends and friends. 朋友有好的,也有坏的。
Warm-up Activity
4)译成没“有”的其他动词或省略“有” 。 There was a girl water-skiing on the lake. 一个女孩子在湖上滑冰。 There were no footsteps to be seen. 看不见足迹。 There is 20 guests going to the movie. 二十位客人去看了电影。 There runs a river at a distance. 一条河从远处流过。
--- “到底有还是没有?” --- “这个可以有!” --- “这个真没有!”
Warm-up Activity
“有” 还是没“有”?这是个问题! There be 句型在英语中用的比较广泛。在英语 中,表示什么地点或存在什么事物时,常用 “there be + 名词 + 地点(时间)状语”的结 构。这种结构中的引导词“there be”本身没有 意义,相当于汉语的“有”。但在实际的翻译 过程中,究竟是翻译出“有”好,还是没“有 ”好呢?

翻译的基本技巧--省译

翻译的基本技巧--省译

英汉翻译基本技巧——省略法Basic Translation Skills: Omission1.省略冠词1) Any substance is made up of atoms whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas.任何物质,不论是固体、液体还是气体,都由原子组成。

2) Although the leaves are gone and the branches are bare, the trees themselves are beautiful.虽然树叶落了,树枝光了,但树木本身却是美丽的。

2.省略介词1) The many colors of a rainbow range from red on the outside to violet on the inside.彩虹有多种颜色,外圈红,内圈紫。

2)Hydrogen is the lightest element with an atomic weight of 1.0008.氢是最轻的元素,原子量为1.0008。

3.省略连词1) As the desert is like a sea, so is the camel like a ship.沙漠似海,骆驼似舟。

2) Because everyone uses language to talk, everyone thinks he can talk about language.人人都用语言交谈,人人也就自认为能够谈论语言。

4. 省略动词1) When the pressure gets low, the boiling point becomes low.气压低,沸点就低。

2) These developing countries cover vast territories, encompass a large population and abound in natural resources.这些发展中国家,土地辽阔,人口众多,资源丰富。

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We answer that the Long March is the first of its kind in the annals of history, that it is a manifesto, a propaganda force, a seeding machine.
you like best. 4) They wanted to determine if he complied with the
terms of his employment and his obligations as an American. 5) Some have entered college and others have gone to the countryside. 6) Each country has its own customs. 7)把故事看完后,用你自己的话讲一遍。 8)我是在北京遇上他的。 9)天气寒冷,河都结冰了。 10)游客可以去杨贵妃洗澡的华清池洗温泉浴。
张伟红
1) Her room is always kept clean and tidy though she is busy all day.
尽管她整天忙忙碌碌, 她的房间却保持得干干净净,利利落落。
2) Jesse opened his eyes. They were filled with tears. 杰西睁开眼睛, 眼里充满了泪水。
1.省略某些重复词语 2.省略表示范畴的词语 3.省略可能影响译文修辞效果的词语
四、汉译英练习
张伟红
一、英汉翻译中的省略技巧
Eg.1)You can never tell who is right. 很难说谁对谁错。(省略人称代词) 2)Those who are in favor please hold up their hands. 赞成的请举手。(省略指示代词、关系代词和物主代词) 3)It’s necessary to develop our computer science at
他们想要确定, 他是否履行了受雇条件, 是否履行了作为美国 公民所应尽的职责。
5)Some have entered college and others have gone to the countryside.
上大学的上大学, 下乡的下乡。 张伟红
6)Each country has its own customs. 各国有各国的风俗。 7)把故事看完后,用你自己的话讲一遍。 Tell the story in your own words, after you have read
high speed. 必须高速发展我国的计算机科学。(省略形式主语it) 4)A deaf husband and a blind wife are always a
happy couple. 丈夫聋,妻子瞎,美美满满过一家。(省略冠词)
张Байду номын сангаас红
5)Suddenly, there came a knock at the door. 突然响起了敲门声。(省略介词) 6)As it is late, you’d better go home. 时间不早了,你该回家了。(省略连词) 7)I won’t go if you are not going. 你不去,我也不去。(省略连词) 8)These flowers are quite beautiful. 这些花儿非常美。(省略动词) 9)When the pressure gets low, the boiling point
3) You may borrow whichever novel in my bookcase you like best.
我书架上的小说你最爱哪一本, 你就可以借哪一本。
4)They wanted to determine if he complied with the terms of his employment and his obligations as an American.
becomes low. 气压低,沸点就低。(省略动词)
张伟红
二、汉英翻译中的省略技巧
1.省略某些重复词语 Eg. 1)中国人民历来勇于探索、勇于创造、勇于革命。 The people of China have always been courageous
enough to probe into things, to make inventions and make revolution. 2)俘虏望望沈振新,又望望其他人,没有再说下去。 Looking at Shen Zhenxin, and then at the others, the prisoner fell silent. 3)我们说,长征是历史记录上的第一次,长征是宣传书,长 征是宣传队,长征是播种机。
1)Her room is always kept clean and tidy although she is busy all day.
2) Jesse opened his eyes. They were filled with tears. 3) You may borrow whichever novel in my bookcase
it. 8)我是在北京遇上他的。 It was in Beijing that I met him. 9)天气寒冷,河都结冰了。 It was so cold that the river froze. 10)游客可以去杨贵妃洗澡的华清池洗温泉浴。 Tourists may bathe in the warm mineral water in
Huaqing Hot Springs, the site of the private baths for Lady Yang, a favourite concubine of the Tang emperor.
张伟红
第九讲 省略法 (Omission)
2009-11-2
张伟红
一、练习 二、英汉翻译中的省略技巧 三、汉英翻译中的省略技巧
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