名师全面解析近年考研英语翻译题
考研英语翻译真题及答案
考研英语翻译真题及答案考研英语中的翻译部分一直是众多考生重点关注和努力攻克的对象。
通过对历年真题的研究和练习，能够让考生更好地把握命题规律，提升翻译能力。
以下为大家呈现部分考研英语翻译真题及答案，并对其进行详细的分析和讲解。
真题一：The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities参考译文：几个世纪以来，在欧洲的大学里，对法律的研究一直被认为是一门基础的知识学科。
然而，只是在最近几年，它才成为加拿大大学本科课程的一个特色。
解析：这句话的翻译重点在于准确理解和处理一些词汇和短语。
“intellectual discipline”翻译为“知识学科”；“feature”在这里是“特色”的意思。
句子结构方面，“However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities”是一个倒装句，正常语序为“However, it has become a feature of undergraduate programsin Canadian universities only in recent years” 翻译时要注意调整语序，以符合中文的表达习惯。
真题二：While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults参考译文：在与年轻人接触时，我们很容易忽视自己的行为对他们性格的影响，但在与成年人打交道时，就不那么容易忽视了。
历年全国考研英语翻译真题及答案解析11
历年全国考研英语翻译真题及答案解析111996考研全国考研英语翻译真题及答案解析Section IV English-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)The differences in relative growth of various areas of scientific research have several causes. 1) Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs. Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating. Some, however, are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take, by persons in authority, act to alter the growth pattern of different areas. This is a new problem probably not yet unavoidable; but it is a frightening trend. 2) This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. It can be predicted, however, that from time to time, questions will arise which will require specific scientific answers. It is therefore generally valuable to treat the scientific establishment as a resource or machine to be kept in functional order. 3) This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.This kind of support, like all government support, requires decisions about the appropriate recipients of funds. Decisions based on utility as opposed to lack of utilityare straightforward. But a decision among projects none of which has immediate utility is more difficult. The goal of the supporting agencies is the praisable one of supporting “good” as opposed to “bad” science, but a valid determination is difficult to make. Generally, the idea of good science tends to become confused with the capacity of the field in question to generate an elegant theory. 4) However, the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world’s more fascinating and delightful aspects. 5) New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past, giving rise to new standards of elegance.答案解析Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)1. 在这些原因中，有些完全是自然而然地来自社会需求;另一些则是由于科学在一定程度上自我加速而产生某些特定发展的必然结果。
历年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析33
历年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析33英语翻译是考研英语考试内容的一部分。
翻译是将英语短文译成汉语，译文达意，这还是要多做练习的。
用历年考研英语翻译多做练习。
1992年考研英语翻译真题及答案解析Section V English-Chinese TranslationRead the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. (15 points)“Intelligen ce” at best is an assumptive construct -- the meaning of the word has never been clear. (1) There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them. But it is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas readily, make distinctions, reason logically, and make use of verbal and mathematical symbols in solving problems. An intelligence test is a rough measure of a child’s capacity for learning, particularly for learning the kinds of things required in school. It does not measure character, social adjustment, physical endurance, manual skills, or artistic abilities. It is not supposed to -- it was not designed for such purposes. (2) To criticize it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity.The other thing we have to notice is that the assessment of the intelligence of any subject is essentially a comparative affair.(3) Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a “valid” or “fair” comparison. It is here that some of the difficulties which interest us begin. Any test performed involves at least three factors: the intention to do one’s best, the knowledge required for understanding what you have to do, and the intellectual ability to do it. (4) The first two must be equal for all who are being compared, if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. In school populations in our culture these assumptions can be made fair and reasonable, and the value of intelligence testing has been proved thoroughly. Its value lies, of course, in its providing a satisfactory basis for prediction. No one is in the least interested in the marks a little child gets on his test; what we are interested in is whether we can conclude from his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think r equire “general intelligence.”(5) On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the others with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.答案解析Section V: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)1. There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them.人们对智力这个词所指的不同表现意见比较一致，而对这些表现如何解释或分类则有不同的看法。
考研英语翻译真题及答案解析 2
考研英语翻译真题及答案解析2Section VII Chinese-English TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English. (15 points)1. 这项计划和原来的计划比起来，要完整得多。
2. 只有这样我们才能赶上世界的先进科学技术水平。
3. 你对下一步该做些什么，清楚了吗?4. 在旧中国，几乎没有什么机器制造工业，更不用说电子工业了。
5. 他在这次旅行中的所见所闻给他留下了深刻的印象。
翻译Section VII: Chinese-English Translation (15 points)1. Compared with the original one, this plan is far more complete.2. Only in this way can we catch up with the world's advanced levels in science and technology.3. Are you clear about what you should do next?4. In old China, there was hardly any machine-building industry, to say nothing of an electronic industry.5. What he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression.Section VIII English-Chinese TranslationChoose either of the following two passages. Only the underlined sentences are to be translated. (20 points)(1)Television is now playing a very important part in our life. But television, like other things, has both advantages and disadvantages. Do the former outweigh the latter?In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. (1) For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home, with almost unlimited entertainment available, than to go out in search of amusement elsewhere. (2) They do not have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera, only to discover, perhaps, that the show is disappointing. (3) All they have to do is press a button, and they can see plays, films, operas, and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match. (4) Some people, however, maintain that this is precisely where the danger lies. The television viewer takes no initiative. He makes no choice and exercises no judgment. (5) He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort on his part.(6) Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers and endless series of programs which are both instructive and entertaining. The most distant countries and the strangest custom are brought right into one's sitting-room. (7) It could be argued that the radio performs this service just as well; but on television everything is much more living, much more real. Yet here again there a danger. We get so used tolooking at it, so dependent on its flickering pictures, that it begins to dominate our lives.There are many other arguments for and against television. The poor quality of its programs is often criticized. But it is undoubtedly a great comfort to many lonely elderly people. And does it corrupt or instruct our children? I think we must realize that television in itself is neither good nor bad. (8) It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to society.(2)An office is the “Brain“ of a business. (9) In an office, figures, lis ts and information are compiled which tell the managers or heads of the business what is happening in their shops or factories. These figures guide the managers by telling them what has happened and what is happening.?Information comes into an office in all sorts of ways but the main items of information come in regularly. (10) It is part of the job of the clerks to collect and classify that information and to put it into such a form that it is easily interpreted and understood. Offices collect information then they classify it.This work of collection is common in an office from the sorting of mail every morning to the accountant's work in finding out the final figure for the year's profit. (11) Classification always requires the arrangement of the same kind of information, often into lists or columns. (12) For this work, correctness, accuracy and speed, as in all office work, are essential.There is no value, however, in collecting figures which mean nothing. Figures are guides which should help we make decisions. (13) The interpretation of information and of tables should tell us where success or failure lies, where profit can be had andwhere losses occur. (14) On this kind of information and from the known figures, a choice is made and a series of such choices may make a policy.A firm which has three factories may find, for instance, from its figures, that one factory is losing money and a choice may lie between either a change of manager, a cut in production, an increase in production or closure of the factory. Whichever one of these decisions is taken becomes the policy. (15) It is clear that a decision leading to a policy can only be as good as the information on which it is based.Consequently there is a constant search for more and more exact information. (16) Managers will want to have all the necessary facts before they can make the best decision and it is normal for them to seek for more and more information.翻译Section VIII: English-Chinese Translation (20 points)(1)1. 譬如，对于一个四口之家，舒舒服服地坐在家里收看电视，就能看到几乎是数不清的娱乐节目，这比到外面别的地方去消遣便宜得多，方便的多。
历年考研英语翻译经典练习题讲解
历年考研英语翻译经典练习题讲解翻译一直是令万千考研学子头痛的题目之一，但是只要掌握翻译技巧，其实再难的句子我们也能轻松看懂，也能翻译准确，今天我们就以2014年英语二翻译为例，为大家详细分析翻译中可以使用的技巧，怎样一步步翻译出准确的文段。
考研试题如下，先来自己做一下练习吧：Most people would define optimism as endlessly happy, with a glass thats perpetually half full. But thats exactly the kind of false cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldnt recommend. Healthy optimists means being in touch with reality. says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor.According to Ben-Shalar, realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shalar uses three optimistic exercisers. When he feels down say, after giving a bad lecture he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction. He analyzes the weak lecture, leaning lessons for the future about what works and what doesnt. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesnt matter.我们分别来处理一下这些句子。
2023考研英语一翻译真题解析
2023考研英语一翻译真题解析2023考研英语一翻译真题解析(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.参考译文：但是，尽管使用英语者的人数在不断增加/说英语的人越来越多，却仍然有迹象说明，英语语言的全球主导地位在不久的将来/可预见的将来也许会渐渐衰退。
句子解析：本句很简单，主句是there be 构造，主句前是让步状语，signs后面是that引导的同位语从句，对signs 进展进一步的补充说明。
同位语从句中是主谓构造，the global predominance of the language 是主语，may fade 是谓语，within构造是时间状语。
expands的词义不应该选择常用的“扩展”意思，而应该结合前面和它搭配的number，而选择“增加”的意思。
参考译文：因此，大卫格兰多的分析可能会终结某些人的自满态度，这些人认为，英语在全世界的地位非常稳固，英国的年轻一代人根本不需要学习其他的语言。
(48)many countries are introducing English intothe primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.参考译文：很多国家正在把英语列入小学课程范围，但是英国的中小学生似乎并没有受到更多的鼓励去流利地掌握其他语言。
考研英语历年翻译真题解析_1990-2007
英汉翻译高分攻略一.近年英译汉考题内容英译汉短文内容大体上涉及当前人们普遍关注的社会生活、政治、经济、历史、文化、科普等方面的一般常识或社会、自然科学与技术常识的题材。
体裁多为议论文。
科学常识性的题材占了相当大的比重。
1990～2004年英译汉短文主题1990年：个性形成的教育(434词)；1991年:能源与农业（444词）1992年:智力评估的科学性（406词）1993年:科学研究方法（443词）1994年:天才、技术与科学发展的关系（308词）1995年:标准化教育与心理评估（364词）1996年:科学发展的动力（331词）1997年:动物的权利（417词）1998年:宇宙起源（376词）1999年:史学研究方法（326词）2000年:科学家与政府（381词）2001年:计算机与未来生活展望（405词）2002年:行为科学发展的困难（339词）2003年:人类学简介（371词）2004年:语言与思维（357词）平均值:短文词数:370词;要求翻译的词数:160词从英译汉试题内容分析，考生就应明确认识到，要想在英语考试中取得成功，必须在基本训练上狠下工夫。
首先要扩大知识面，提高自身文化素质。
考生如果熟悉试题内容，将有助于对短文的深入理解，增强信心，提高翻译水平。
考生应利用各种渠道，特别是通过大量浏览中、英文报纸杂志，扩大相关的知识面。
二.近年英译汉考题的特点从题型改革后、特别是1996年以后的试题分析，命题组更侧重考生综合运用语言的能力，题难度加大，趋向稳定。
考题要求考生在理解全句、全段或全文的基础上，把语法、词汇的意思和上下文结合起来理解，表面看上去画线的句子语法不很复杂，词汇似乎也不陌生，但翻译时很多考生觉得难以动笔，难度增大体现在:不能采用就词论词、就句子论句子的简单直译方法，而要求把词和句子放在篇章里去理解，还可强调英语习惯用法、语感和翻译技巧的掌握。
这样仅靠熟悉语法规则和孤立地背单词已远远不够了。
考研英语翻译历年真题解析(2001-2010)
2001年题目解析：71)There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.结构分析：71) 主句There // will be // 并列结构1 television chat shows / 后置定语hosted by robots, // 并列结构2 and cars / 后置定语 with pollution monitors // 定语从句that // will disable // them // 时间（条件）状语从句when // they // offend.词义推敲：there will be 将来会有，到时会有television chat shows hosted by robots 由机器人主持的电视谈话/聊天节目.chat shows：访谈节目host：to act as host at (an event) or to (a person) 主持、主办（活动）；招待cars with pollution monitors 装有污染监控器的汽车that will disable them：监控器就会使其（汽车）停驶disable them 使汽车失灵/停止运行/无法前进/不能开动/瘫痪/将阻止汽车开动offend (汽车)污染超标/违规参考译文：届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标（违规），监控器就会使其停驶。
得分重点：并列结构，定语从句，时间状语从句72) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived.结构分析：72) 并列结构1 Children // will play with // dolls / 后置定语equipped with / personality chips, // 并列结构2 computers / 后置定语with in-built personalities // 被动结构will be regarded并列结构11as // workmates // 并列结构22 rather than 省略结构（as）tools, // 并列结构3 relaxation // will be // in front of / smell-television, // 并列结构4 and // digital age // will have arrived. 词义推敲：doll：洋娃娃，玩具娃娃equip with：装备personality chip：个性芯片personality：distinctive qualities of a person, especially those distinguishing personal characteristics that make one socially appealing 人品个人独特的品质，特别是那些有区别性的、使某人具有社交魅力的个人性格chip：an integrated circuit 集成电路computers with in-built personalities 个性内置的计算机be regarded as 被当作workmate 同事rather than 而不是smell television 气味电视机digital age 数字（化）时代参考译文：孩子们将会与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍/装有集成电路块的有个人性格的玩偶玩，具有内置个性的计算机/内部装有人格化芯片的电脑将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将会在气味电视机前休闲/放松/休息/消遣/娱乐，届时数字化时代就来到了。
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名师全面解析近年考研英语翻译题2005(47) In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.评析：这句话最难的地方在于几个小词的处理,我们翻译的标准不用做到信达雅,但是起码要像人话,如果翻完自己都觉得很不通顺,坚决不可将就,句子有不熟悉的词不可以把英语抄在译文中,那样老师会理直气壮地扣分.我们要尽量结合上下文,把句子做到通顺.难点： television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses是并列关系,要翻成"电视台,电台,报社,杂志社和出版社",因为最后一个词是出版社,其他的几个虽然是媒体,但是和后面的出版社成并列关系,所以必须翻译成机构.重点：并列关系.并列各项1.词类相同2.作者态度相同3.语法结构相同4.意思接近。
全句翻译：在欧洲,就像其它地方一样,各传媒集团越来越成功,整合了电视台,电台,报社,杂志社和出版社,并使之相互合作.(48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive，in a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks ， no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.评析：这句话难点在于in a fact underlined by statistics that show that ,写得非常不通顺和罗嗦,如果直译,会非常难以流畅,必须减去一些废话,适应汉语表达的习惯.难点：翻译的三字诀长句要"拆" ,省略上文避免重复的内容要"添",前后用词重复意思累赘要"减"重点：本句用"减"字诀.翻译：仅仅这一切就足以证实,电视行业绝非容易生存的地方,统计数据表明,欧洲80个电视网络中,在1989年有不少于50%遭受了亏损.(49) Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice - that of producing programs in Europe for Europe.评析：这句话最烦人就是两个词： that和which,从句怎么办?难点：长从句必拆,短从句直接放在所修饰的名词前面.长短的尺度自己把握,关键标准是通顺.重点：1. the different cultures and traditions在两个从句中都作句子成份,但是其作用不同,在that 从句是宾语,在which从句式主语,所以必须拆分到全句的开头,而促使creating这个主语和后面的is紧密结合成为主句.2.定语从句很长怎么断句呢?从which开始之后,句子肯定有谓语动词,那么请记住,从句在第二个谓语之后结束,比如,这句话which的谓语是go,此后第二个谓语是is,则is是主句动词,is之前就是整句的从句了.翻译：不同的文化和传统将要建立起连接旧大陆的架构，创造尊重这些文化和传统的欧洲身份绝非易事，也需要战略上的决策，也就是在欧洲为了欧洲区制作节目.(50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divi ded we fall” -and if I had to choose a slogan it would be “Unity in our diversity.”评析：此句结构不难，难在成语的翻译.难点：成语翻译要照顾中文习惯，一般以四字为多重点：形式主语直接忽略，翻译真实主语。
翻译：在这一层面上去应付挑战，说“团结则生，分裂则死”是毫不夸张地，而如果我必须选择一句标语，那将是“求同存异”。
200646) I shall define him as an individual who has elected the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底) way about moral problems as his primary duty and pleasure in life .评析：本句最大的特色是谓语和宾语之间存在插入的介词短语成份，也就是在elected之后用了一个非常常考的as，不解决这一层，这个句子会非常不好理解，下一句的考点也很类似本句。
难点： as一直管制到in life,而the activityof thinking是真实的宾语。
重点： as在考研英语中有3个常考的意思：1.像...一样2.与...同时3.因为翻译：我将把知识分子定义为这样的人，他把以苏格拉底的方式去思考道德问题作为人生首要的责任和乐趣。
(47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing the course of reasoning which led him to his decision in as obvious a manner as possible.In the mannerBy doing sth方式状语以……的方式评析：这句的长定语从句不是很难理解,但是revealing的宾语和46句一样，都会使人难以识别，如果知道介词的宾语是manner，此句问题就不大了。
难点： in...manner是“以...的方式”的意思，一般放在动词的前面去翻译，状语要位于动词之前。
重点：理清修饰reveal的头绪，使得整句可以得到较清晰的版本。
翻译：他的功能和法官相似，必须接受以尽可能清晰的方式去说明使自己得出结论的推导过程的义务。
如果觉得这个定语太长，也可以这样翻译：他的功能和法官的功能很相似，他们都必须接受一种义务，以尽可能清晰的方式去说明自己得出结论的推导过程。
48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.评析：本句主要是while后面这句话要翻得清晰,he后面这句话是一个否定强调结构,如果没处理好很难通顺.难点：contribute to the solution of moral problems主要是修饰solution，否定强调结构： not...any but， but也可以等于only重点：理解强调结构目的在于衬托后文的factual aspescts翻译：我将一般科学家排除在外是因为，虽则他的成就也许有助于道德问题的解决，但是他从未有义务去研究那些问题事实层面以外的任何东西。
Tolerant宽容包容49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.适当使用一些成语评析：本句的考点还是否定结构，不过这次不是强调，而是否定类比结构。
难点：否定类比：not...any more than重点：后半句还要注意is expected to dedicate his energies不要翻成欧化中文翻译：但是他的主要任务不是去思考管制他行为的道德法则，就像商人无需殚精竭虑的去探索商业行为守则一样。
(50) They may teach very well , and more than earn their salaries ,but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.评析： but后面的修饰关系围绕一个词：reflection，那么必须注意讲的通顺，难点：reflection是思考的意思，很容易错为反映的意思。
重点：修饰关系的顺序必须先翻后面，再翻前面。
翻译：他们也许教的很好，也不仅仅是为了挣钱，但是他们中的大多数，很少或从未就涉及道德判断的人类问题作出独立思考。
他有意识的，清晰而直白的去探索这些问题，首先通过提出事实问题，其次通过提出道德问题，最后在他已知的道德和事实信息的启发下，提出似乎合适的行动(来探索这些问题)。
2007(1)Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.评析：从全句角度去把握意思，而非拘泥于某一个词，是做翻译不容易达到的境界。
本句有institutions 和preserve都容易混淆如何处理。