基础英语答案1~7.doc

Unit 1 Fresh startExplain in your own words the following sentence1.My plan was to keep my ... a freshman. (I planned to keep silent and act in such a way that nobody would notice that I was only a newcomer in college.)2.For three days ,・・・ outside my room. (For three days , I had not been to the cafeteria due to my feeling of humiliation and shame ・Instead , I stayed along in my room and ate junk food of various kinds from a vending machine which was in just the right place to aid me in avoiding others.)3.Popularity was not so important ,... survival. (It did not matter whether or not you were widely accepted or admired ;you did not have to behave to the liking of everybody else.) Vocabulary.1.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.(1)I had just the feeling of a newcomer to college without the strength only an experienced student might possess.(2)My apparent confidence.(3)Some food to appease my hunger.(4)Going with the tide of the majority was no longer crucial to yoursuccess.(5)Foolish and glari ng mi stakes.2.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from thebox in the proper form.(1)distress; (2) clutched; (3) pose; (4) sneaked; (5) preoccupation;(6)shackles; (7)curse; (8) deliberation.3.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.(1)assure; (2) discretion; (3) relaxation: (4) humiliation; (5) strategy;(6)embarrassment;(7) maneuverable; (8) immaturity.4.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.(1)lived up to; (2)headed for; (3) seek out; (4) has broken out;(5)grope for; (6) trying・・・on; (7) go out to; (8) tipped off.5.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word under lined in each sentence in the sense it is used.(1)vague (indistinct); (2) inconspicuously (unobtrusively);(3)self-restraint(self-control) ; (4) clever (intelligent, sensible);(5) manner (behavior);(6) excited (agitated);(7)sneak; (8) mature (sophisticated).6.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.(1) became popular; (2) respect; (3) keep up; (4) lead to;(5)understand; (6)found; (7) use; (8) startGrammar.bine each nominal clause in Column A with —r 4 CDBF 5'8 AEHG2.Rewrite the following sentences—(1)My decision to resign was wise.(2)Their readiness to accept the peace agreement really surprised the diplomatic world.(3)My determination to pass the test helped me.(4)Her failure to get into college disappointed her parents.(5)My wi11 ingness to cooperate was appreciated.(6)His refusal to help surprised me.(7)The proposal that we should import more equipment i s to be discussed at the meeting.(8)Who can have told you that puzzles me.plete each sentence with what you think •••r 4 DBCC 5~8 ABDBbine the two sentences in each group…(1) I spent the afternoon seeking out each of my classroom so that T could make a perfectly timed entrance before each lecture.(2)He wrote glasses and a false beard so that nobody would recognize him.(3)The stranger spoke very slowly so that I could understand what he said.(4)She locked the door so that she would not be disturbed.(5)John whi spered so that others could not hear him.(6)Pl ease arri ve earl y so that we can start the meeting on time.(7)John has brought a bicycle so that he may save money on bus travel.(8)The lecturer showed some slides so that he might illustrate his point.plete the following sentences using the words in the box.(1)Although/Though; (2) yet; (3) however/though;(4)however/nevertheless/though; (5) Although/Though;(6) Despite/In spite of ; (7) al though/though; (8) however; (9) However; (10) Despite/In spite of.Translation.(1). It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failures.(2)He assumed an air of cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with his boss.(3)Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people.(4)He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.(5)We were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and genial manner.(6)After cheer sand applause died down, the Nobel Prize winner beganhis speech.(7)He is gifted with a sort of insight and foresight, so he rarely runs with the crowd.(8)I feel realities are all very harsh, so one can hardly live up to his ideals.Exercises for integrated skills.2.Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.(1) comes (2)others (3)what (4)going (5)not(6) offer (7)relate (8)college (9)not (10)learnUnit 2 the company manExplain in your own words the following sentence1.He had no outside ・・・ game that way (He had dedicated all his work and had no hobby at all , except that he paly a golf game every month which cannot be taken as a hobby anyway.)2.She had,... Were small. (Their daughter said that , when they were still small , her father had become a company man and her mother had given up any attempt to keep him at home ・) Vocabulary 1.E xplain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.(1)died from self-motivated overwork;(2)most 1ikely;the presidency of the company: the highest position in the company;(3)with no specific skills wanted by employers;(4)trying to discover facts about his father; collecting memories of his father.(5) a person vulnerable to heart attacks.2.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from thebox in the proper form.(1) survived; (2) grabs; (3) discreetly; (4) deceased, obituary;(5)conceivably; (6)board; (7) classics; (8) executives;3.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.(1) widowed; (2)nerves; (3) precisionist; (4) competitiveness(5)execution; (6)presided; (7) marital; (8) accompanied4.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.(1) died of; (2) stay up; (3) cares for; (4) straightened out:(5) picked out; (6) given up; (7) grabbed at; (8) considered for5.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.(1) exactly; (2) immediately; (3) slacker(idler, loafer) ; (4) outlive;(5)disconcerted(abashed); (6) departed; (7) underweight (si ini);(8)successor6.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.(1) disappointed; (2)wait;(3) required; (4)read; (5)meant;(6)entered cheerfully;(7) intensifies gradually: (8) became extinct; Grammar.1.Put the verbs in brackets—(1) have been playing/have played (2) has been putting/has put(3)have pulled;haven, t touched (4) have been waiting;have wai ted(5)have picked;have grown/have been growing; have never had(6)has been getting/has got; has been rising/has risen; has come(7)has been; has been looking; has not found ; (8) has failed; has got2.Choose "a" or "b” to end each sentence.⑴a ; (2) b; (3) b; (4) b; (5) a; (6) a; (7) b; (8) a.plete the following dialogue with the proper forms•••A: ' ve been waiting for; have you been doingB: ?ve been shopping; ' ve boughtA:met; was waiting;B: s; speaks;A: has he been learning;A: did you sayB: s been studying; wasB: Have you goneA: ' re sayingB: isn' t; ' ve been walkingTranslation.1.My immediate boss is a typical workaholic, for he works forover ten hours each day al 1 the year round.2.The principal attaches much importance to extracurricularactivities and he believes that they will help to cultivatestudents' tremendous interest in the external world.3.He always grabs a shower, a sandwich and then a taxi to go towork every Monday morning.4.Since you are leaving the company, you should straighten outthe accounts wi thin the week.5.he often stays up late night in order to finish his Ph. D.dissertation on time.6.Nothing can replace the profoundest love lodged in one' sheart of hearts.7.He is considered a natural for the post of the president, forhe has been an excellent vice-president for almost ten years.8.He is just too common to be picked out from the crowed. Exercises for integrated skills.2.Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.(1)hours (2)whi1e (3)1 ess (4)from (5)explain(6)by (7)late (8)differences (9)influence (10)takingUnit 3 Out of stepExplain in your own words the following sentence1.In the United States we have become ... lower limbs can do (people in the United States tend to drive for every purpose , so much that they have forgotten that they still have legs and about what their legs can do .)2.1 confess it had not ... in this regard . (I admit that I had never realized how poorly equipped our bodies are in this respect.) 3・・・・ but afterward I realized that... on foot . (... Maybe I was the only person who had ever attempted to cross that intersection on food .) Vocabulary.1.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.(1)pleasant/comfortable;practically(2)very long;physical exercises(3)was made to realize this(4)decided not to have coffee and instead to go(5)held in mind2.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.(1) negotiated; (2)debonair; (3) dodging; (4) notion;(5) compact; (6) contortion; (7) thrive; (8) undertaking3.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.(1) disagreeable; (2)eccentricity; (3) acquainted; (4) ridicule; (5)triumphant; (6)deficiencies; (7) woefully; (8) contorted.4.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.(1) going about: (2) going through; (3) pops out: (4) pace off; (5) pulled up; (6) dug out: (7) stroll up to; (8) habituated to.5.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.(1)bustling(exciting); (2) old (time-honored):(3)depressed(downhearted, low-spirited); (4) absurd (ridiculous);(5) indifferent (unconcerned): (6) infuriating (irrigating);(7)failure(defeat); (8) again.6.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words(1) encountered(2) cause; (3) agreed to; (4) limited to;(5) idling about;(6)relied on; (7) tolerate; (8) deserted/abandoned. Grammar.plete the sentences with the past perfect or past perfectprogressive of the verbs in the brackets.(1) had been talking; (2) had been working; (3) had worked;(4)had been applying; (5) had broken; (6) had been standing;(7)had swallowed;(8) had beenplete the following sentences according to the given situation.(1) had been empty; (2) had been working for the company;(3) had been waiting for me for half an hour; (4) had had lunch(5)had left; (6)has been living; (7) had repaired the engine;(8)had told3.put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.had seen;returned; didn' t have; dicin' t have; had; done; was; didn' t have; did; left; had;was; decided; picked; went; slammed; felt: had reminded; has searched; found： remembered;were.plete the following sentences with shall, should, will or would.(1) will; (2)shall; (3) Should; (4) would; (5) will;(6)shall: (7)should; (8) should; (9) would; (10) would.5.Fill in the blank with one of the words and phrases in the box.(1) nowadays; (2) ages ago; (3) lately, just; (4) soon, after a 1 ong time;(5) immediately, Eventually; (6) once; (7) recently; (8) for weeks.Translation.1.The university is one of the most venerable institutions ofhigher learning in the world.2.If one is deficient in practical experience, he can hardlymake himself a success with only what he has acquired in class.3.I felt exasperated by constant interruptions, for I had tofinish writing the monograph by the end of this week.4.He feels that it is ludicrous to write on a contemporary themein an ancient style.5.The Bund in Shanghai was a place where young couples liked tocome to coo in the 70s and the 80s of the last century.6.His daughter is very sedate for a girl about ten, for shelikes reading more than playing.7.The coup! e strol 1 ed hand—in—hand along the country roadwhen the sun in its first splendor steeped the earth.8.The poet was commonly considered as an eccentric romanticgenius when alive.Exercises for integrated skills.2.Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.(I)more (2)around (3)free (4)1 eave (5)programs(6)ease (7)it (8)signed (9)environmental (10)handing(II)only (12)WithUnit 4 Fun, oh, boy, fun, you could die from it.Explain in your own words the following sentence1 • Somewhere along the line people ... turninto. (Nowadays , people believe that they can have fun whenever they want it ;otherwise they would be leading a dull and bitter life as a puritan.)2.The god of mirth is paying... to our party . (We have long assumed that fun was easy to have , but now we are paying a price for that shallow mindedness , our party is hardly as much fun as it is expected to be .)Vocabulary.1.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.(1)we would be morally too strict with ourselves to enjoy life;(2)that made all other questions less significant:(3)counting fun as the most important quality of life;(4)the best example of having fun.(5)by nothing more than simple exposure.2.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from thebox in the proper form.(1) overshadows; (2) traipse; (3) fetish; (4) flunked:(5) swilling; (6)flicked; (7)epitome; (8) licentiousness:3.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.(1) insured; (2)undeserved; (3) generosity; (4) benefits:(5) regrettable; (6) mirthful: (7) blasphemy; (8) reverence4.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.(1) turn into; (2)occurred to; (3) end up; (4) step up;(5) pay •••back; (6) look forward to; (7) look for; (8) managed to5.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.(1)excursion(jaunt); (2) failing;(3)irre verently(disrespectfully, contemptuously); (4) advertisements;(5) quintessence(embodiment); (6) grief (sadness, melancholy);(7)profane(revile); (8) examine (scrutinize)6.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.(1)drew attention to; (2) represents ; (3) fully explain; (4) challenged by; (5) support; (6)bored; (7) be welled understood;(8)visitedGrammar.plete the following sentences with the words and phrases inthe box.(1) such ---that; (2) thus; (3) in that; (4) With;(5) so ---that; (6) Owing to; (7) for; (8) Seeing thatplete the following letter with the appropriate forms of the verbs given.Should/would like;have, heard; would, suit; doesn, t apply; won' t get; saw; had/was, left/leaving;said; was going; promised; (had) found; have heard; don?t know; went; know; should/would be; would phone; have tried; doesn' t seem. Translation.1.Tt goes without saying that Shakespeare overshadows all theother playwrights throughout the ages.2.The Great Gatsby is commonly deemed as the epitome of the JazzAge of the 1ast century in America.3.It is advisable for you not to put a damper on his enthusiasmto further his studies at Harvard.4.Young people tend to make a fetish of glamorous starsin sports and entertainment circles.5.They traipsed all the way to downtown area to watch theNational Day fireworks display.6.He does not deserve such a severe punishment as he committedneither serious errors nor gave crimes.7.Every time I met him, he would talk a whole of nonsense.8.Reputation is a trap into which many people are ready to fall. Exercises for integrated skills.2.Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.(1) as (2)hands (3)go (4)up (5)industries(6)or (7)include (8)on (9)provided (10)aimUnit 5 The real truth about lies.Explain in your own words the following sentence1.What a tangled web we weave , when first we practice to deceive . (When we start to tell a lie , we have entered a very intricate situation , as a lie often requires other lies until the whole structure of lies becomes so complex that it ensnares the liar.)2."Psychological barriers wear down;... may warp. w (One is less inhibited from lying ;his ability to make moral right and wrong judgments is dulled , and he may become less cautious against being caught .)3.The most understandable and forgivable... the principle ofcaring .(The most understandable and acceptable lies are those which are told for the sake of love and care at the expense oftrust , according to the ethicists.)Vocabulary.1.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words. (1)very important/shocking/traumatic; (2) avoid hurting the others? feelings; (3)modifying the truth;(4) a course of action which can easily lead to something unacceptable, wrong or disastrous; (5)under any circumstances;2.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from thebox in the proper form.(1) supportive; (2) perceived; (3) prevarication; (4) astounded;(5)undermine; (6)faltered; (7) fibs; (8) volunteered3.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.(1) unethical: (2)feigned; (3) unsparing; (4) cynical;(5) confoundedly:(6) lubricated; (7) entangled; (8) Willful4.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.(1) cover up: (2) blurted out: (3) set up; (4) find out;(5) wear down; (6)specialize in; (7) professes to; (8) complimented, on;5.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.(1)evasion(equivocation): (2) chronic (repeated):(3) common ( prevalent, omnipresent): (4) slightly;(5) insult (reproach, criticize); (6) distort;(7)growth(multiplication) ; (8) strengthened (consolidated)6.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your ownwords.(1)cancel 1ed; (2)overcome;(3)fol low; (4)fel 1 into;(5)make it moreacceptable; (6)feel unhappy about;(7)removed fromconsideration; (8)reserve for future use.Grammar.plete each sentence with what you think the mo st appropriate—_ _一 __1 5 CCBAD 6 10 BBBAA3.rewrite the sentences below using the words andphrases from the box.(1)He can" t havetold us everything.(2)Something musthave gone wrong.(3)She can' t beonly thirty years old.(4)They may notknow yet.(5)The roadcould/may have been closed.(6)The pollcemust know that.(7)Theremay/could have been a traffi c jam.(8)The lettercould/may arrive today.(9)That will/mustbe my mother.(10)There shouldbe time to do some shopping.Translation.1.Hamlet feigned madness when he was hesitating what to do.2.Prevarication is one of the techniques this businessman likes to employ.3.Sometimes the 1 ight of the truth is just too dazzling, so white lies are ubiquitous.4.Many women in America profess that they are unhappy with their status of second-class citizens.5.On the impulse of the moment, he blurted out the secret.6.You should get rid of any prejudice, resist temptations and1et nothing warp your judgment.7.Being over-sensitive and imaginative, he often weaves a tangled web in mind.8.He is very popular among his peers as he always tries to spare others any trouble.Exercises for integrated skills.2. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you thinkappropriate.(1)service (2)rather (3)off (4)are(5)advantage (6)much (7)relations (8) if(9)as (lO)moral (11)either (12)truthUnit 6 How to write a rotten poem with almost no effort.Explain in your own words the following sentence1.Good poets and poem are lost forever simply... from other bards. (Good people have stopped writing poems , because there are fewer and fewer readers and fellow poets . They cannot depend on poetry writing for a living , and there is no more poetic society from which they can draw inspirations and stimulations.)2.Observe others, emotion and experience your own —that' s what poetry is all about ・(The point of poetry is to express and record emotions . So when you read poems, you will observe the emotions of the poet and when you write your own poem , you need to observe and organize your own .)Vocabulary.1.Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.(1) extremely intense; (2) the practical principal;(3) just like,following the example of : (4) Probably, Quite 1ikely;(5) made a start despite the difficulty.2.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken fromthe box in the proper form.(1)epic; (2)squalid; (3)veritable： (4) pounded;(5)aroma; (6)evolved: (7) lyrics; (8) claimed3.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.(1) imponderables;(2) poetic/poetical; (3) accidental 1y; (4) unsought;(5) cuddliest; (6)juicy; (7) disoriented; (8) versed4.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.(1) conjures up; (20 dealt with; (3) seek out; (4) think of(5) ended/stared with; (6)break…up; (7)relates to; (8) came up wi th 5.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.(1)unfamiliar(strange);(2) fellowship(brotherhood);(3)lower(degrade);(4) exceptional( excellent)(5) caress(hug, embrace); (6) unrealistic(impractical)(7) skilled (expert, proficient, successful); (8) product (compos!ti on6.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.(1) affects: (2)catching up with; (3) been involved with; (4) tell exactly(5) rejected;(6)make understood; (7)tried to get; (8) thoughtseriously aboutGrammar.plete the following sentences with the appropriate verb forms.(1) shake; (2) to do, wait, to let; (3) standing; (4) finding;(5) take, make, drink; (6) leave; (7) being spoken; (8) be, lookplete each sentence with what you think the most appropriateof the four choices given.广4 CDBD 5~8 CAACTranslation.1.Sometimes, we have to make a choice because there is no middleground.2.He often conjured up visions of the past when he was free fromthe pressures of life.3.He often refreshed himself with a cup of strong black coffeewhen he felt fatigued.4.He thrust past a throng of drunken men and bargaining womenand walked on through flaring streets.5.Experienced translators, though 1 acking in theory, can renderone language into another by rule of thumb.6.It was generally believed that the major purpose of theforeign minister, s trip was to break the ice with regards to the relations between the two countries.7.Reading good books and making friends with good people canelevate the mind.8.The flowers and the colorful lights lent a festival atmosphereto this ancient small town.Exercises for integrated skills.2.Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.(1)questions (2)will (3)ones (4)accounts (5)apply (6)as (7)need (8)at (9)wish (10)feel (ll)music (12)caseUnit 7 The chaser.Explain in your own words the following sentence1.It is only when one is in a position to oblige that one canafford to be so confidential ・(Just because I am able to do you a favor /sell you the love position , I feel safe telling you so much about my other medicines.)2.“For indifference , ” said the old man , "they substitute devotion . For scorn , adoration ・” ("They , the lovepositions , ” said the old man , “will help change the girl" s attitude towards you . She will no longer hold you in contempt ・Instead , she will begin to give you her deep felt love and care ・”)Vocabulary1.Explain the underlined part in each sentence inyour own words(1)feeling very much worried and afraid;(2)everything I sell could be well deemed as extraordinary;(3)difficult to notice; which is more than enough:(4)have much more everlasting effects than only the momentary impulse;(5) with extreme happiness and enthusiasm2.Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.(1)creaky; (2)peered:(3)acquaintance; (4)detachment;(5)raptures; (6)giddy;(7)overwhelmed; (8)obliged3.Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.(1)obscurity; (2)acquainted;(3)perceptible; (4)apprehension;(5)indifferent; (6)rapt;(7)overwhelmingly; (8) disobliging4.Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.(1)save up; (2)care about; (3)indulges in; (4)reached for;(5)peered about; (6)deals in; (7)was substituted; (8)better off.5.Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.(1) perceptible(perceivable, noticeable); (2) postmortem;(3)anxiously(fearful 1y); (4)temporary (transient);(5) grave(cheerless);(6) profoundly (rigorously, strongly);(7) apathetically(indifferently);(8) reason;6.Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.(1)expect: (2)have;(3)accept; (4)imagine;(5)was; (6)workout:(7)became popular; (8)demandedGrammar.plete each sentence with what you think the mostappropriate of the four choices given.广4 CDAB 5〜8 BCDCTranslation.1.To me, you are definitely more than an acquaintance.2.Many artisans deal in a variety of handicrafts in the region.3.They went into raptures over the unexpected success.4.Much to my surprise, he analyzed with detachment the dangerous si tuation that threatened al 1 of them.5.She peered at the strange from behind the curtain.6.During the holidays, he indulged in the luxury of a bath of sunshine on the beach.7.When she learnt the news of his death, she was overwhelmed with grief.8.I? m not in favor of buying a house on the installment plan; instead, I maintain that everyone of us should save up for a rainy day. Exercises for integrated skills.2.Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.(1)if (2) no (3)through (4)with (5)does (6)that (7)want (8)Here(9) sung (10)and (11) but (12)upon(13)precious (14)nor。