英文说明文写作方法总纲
大学英语说明文写作模板2
Free Admission to Museums In recent years, a wide rage of museums are open to the public without charging any admission fee. In addition, our government Also requires all the museums and memorials to open for free. This phenomenon has aroused hot discussion. As non-profit organizations run by the government, museums play a significant role in preserving and protecting our
finish their studies. As to me, I choose selective courses for different reasons. On the one hand, I just want to learn more for my job and future life. and I don’t care about the scores or the grade I would have got. On the other hand, I just want to be a man with a sharp, vivid and imaginative mind with different knowledge which is not limited to my major. In brief, I think more knowledge can make my future life easier and more interesting.
英语说明文写作方法介绍
英语说明文写作方法介绍说明文是以说明为主要表达方式用来说明事物，阐明事理的一种文体。
它通过揭示概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律性，给人准确的科学知识或正确思想。
一般可分为实体事物说明和抽象事物说明两大类，词典、教材、论文、实验报告、产品说明书、广告、解说词及科学小品等都属于说明文。
按写作方法,英语说明文主要分为下面六种类型:1.例证法这是用具体例子来说明人或事物的特征、本质及其规律的方法,所用例子必须有代表性、典型性,能体现人或事物的本质特征。
这是用特殊来说明一般的方法。
通常在主题句后,用For example 或For instance 等短语引导出具体的例子。
例如:Our life today depends very much on energy. For example, machines have made our life easier than it used to be. The machines use energy, and energy is needed for heating, lighting, communications, carrying goods-everything. Factories use a great deal of energy to make the things that we use and buy and sell.这段主要是讲能源问题。
第一句为主题句,概括地说出"我们目前的生活很大程度上依赖能源"。
接着用举例的方法从三方面说明能源的作用。
2.定义法下定义就是给说明对象一个明确概念。
这是科学而严密的说明方法。
它既能揭示事物的本质特征,勾勒其大概,描绘其轮廓,同时也能确定事物的范围和界限。
下定义是多方面的,可以给人、事物、思想等下定义。
例如:An ideal teacher must have the following characteristics. He should know his subject, but he can make mistakes if he is willing to learn. His personality is as important as his scholarship. An ideal teacher must be enthusiastic. He should be a bit of an actor and he shouldn't be afraid to show his feelings and express his likes and dislikes. An ideal teacher is one who grows, learns, and improves himself along with his students.本段的展开是通过对"一个模范教师"下定义的方法,关键词"ideal teacher"在文中多次重复,能加深读者的印象。
英语说明文常见写作方法
英语说明文常见写作方法英语说明文常见写作方法相信大家都跟作文打过交道吧，尤其是在作文中占有重要地位的说明文，说明文的特点是“说”，而且具有一定的知识性。
那么大家知道优秀的说明文是怎么写的吗？下面是店铺整理的英语说明文常见写作方法，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
1.罗列法(listing)在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点，然后常用first，second，…and finally加以罗列说明。
罗列法广泛地使用于各类指导性的说明文之中，下面这篇学生作文就是用罗列法写成的：Early RisingEarly rising (早起) is helpful in more than one way. First，it helps to keep us fit (健康)。
We all need fresh air. But air is never so fresh as early in the morning. Besides，we can do good to our health from doing morning exercise (做早操)。
Secondly，early rising helps us in our studies. We learn more quickly in the morning，and find it easier to remember what we learn in the morning.Thirdly，early rising enables (使能够) us to plan the work of the day. We cannot work well without a good plan. Just as the plan for the year should be made in the spring，so the plan for the day should be made in the morning.Fourthly，early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work，such as to wash our faces and hands and eat our breakfast properly.Late risers may find it very difficult to form the habit of early rising. They ought to make special efforts to do so. As the English proverb says，“Early to bed and early to rise，makes a man healthy，wealthy and wise.”罗列法经常用下列句式展开段落，我们可以注意模仿学习：There are several good reasons why we should learn a foreign language. First of all，…Secondly，…And finally，…We should try our best to plant more trees for several good reasons First of all，…Secondly，…And finally，必须指出的是，有时罗列法并不一定有明确的first，second…等词，但文章还是以罗列论据展开的。
高考英语精准考点 作文指导之介绍性说明文
高考英语作文指导之介绍性说明文一、介绍性说明文的写作步骤：第一段：开头对要说明的事物或事情简要介绍（点题）第二段：主提按照题目提供的信息分层次，按照一定的顺序进行说明，注意语言的客观简明。
第三段：结尾照应开头（题目没有特殊要求，不要对此事物发表看法）二、常用的词句1.表达时间1）a long time ago， 2）at six o’clock in the morning， 3）at the end of，4）at the weekend， 5）before he came here， 6） by the end of last term，7）during the summer holidays， 8）in a few years’ time， 9）in the past，10）in the old days， 11）in the past ten years， 12） in August 2002，13）in winter vacation， 14） in weekdays， 15） last month， 16） next week，17）on Sunday morning， 18）on October 1st19）since early in the 20th century， 20）so far， 21）up to now， 22）not…until， 23）while ， 24）in the 1930’s （ in the thirties of the twentieth century）25）January， February， March ， April， May， June， July， August， Sept ember， October，November， December2. 表达地点1）at the crossing， 2） at the end of the street， 3）at the airport， at the village，4）at the foot of the mountain， 5）at the bottom， 6）at the top of，7） be located in， 8） behind the park， 9）be situated in，10）five kilometers to the north of Guangzhou，11）in the south of Guangdong Province， 12）in the middle of the park，13）in Class 3 Grade 2， 14）in front of the bus， 15） in the tree，16）in Guangdong， 17） in China，18）lies to the west of Sichuan， 19）on the other side of the street，20）on both sides of the road， 21） on the east coast of the Pacific Ocean ，22）on the right。
英语说明文写作 教学大纲
英语说明文写作一、课程说明课程编号：180111X10课程名称：英语说明性写作/English Expository Writing课程类别：学科教育基础课学时/学分：32学时/2学分先修课程：无适用专业：英语专业教材、教学参考书：教材：杨朝春. 《英语说明文读写教程》. 北京：清华大学出版社,2013.参考书：张在新. 《英语写作教程：从创新思维到批判思维3》（英文版）. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社,2014.二、课程设置的目的与意义作为学科基础必修课程，本课程旨在通过引导学生阅读多组常见议题的说明性文章来帮助掌握说明性写作的风格与基本要求，并且通过研讨进行反思，进行相应的写作练习，培养阐述事实及观点的基本技能，为其后的学术性写作开端。
三、课程的基本要求按照本英语专业培养方案的培养目标，参照培养方案中课程体系与培养要求的对应关系矩阵，本课程所承载的知识、能力和素质培养的具体要求如下：(一)在知识上，要求学生认知学术性语言的风格和基本要求，掌握定义、分类、举例、因果、对比和描写等说明性写作的常见方法。
(二)在能力上，要求学生能够有针对性地发展英文写作能力的习得策略，以及更强的读者意识与写作目标意识。
(三)在素质上，培养学生自主学习的能力，构建自我认同，关心人与社会，增强跨文化交际意识。
四、教学内容、重点难点及教学设计注：实践包括实验、上机等五、实践教学内容和基本要求本课程的设计以写作任务为中心，实践教学内容主要包括随堂指定写作、开放性写作及课后阅读与练习，以及文献的查找与应用。
基本要求如下：(一)能够熟练使用网络批改平台。
(二)能够查用可靠来源的文献。
(三)能够获取并利用高关联度的学习资源。
六、考核方式及成绩评定鉴于本课程较强的实践性，本课程结合形成性评估与终结性评估的考核方式。
学生应提交不少于五次写作作业，学期练习产出总量应不少于3000词。
其中，过程考核占60%，包括书面作业、口头陈述、课堂表现等；期末（终结性）考核七、大纲主撰人：大纲审核人：。
英语说明文写作方法总结
英语说明文写作方法总结1.Iutration（举例法）一．使用例证法可以把一些观点描述得更具体二．什么时候用例证法？三．作者想要阐明或者支撑他的论点的时候。
有时候用一个例子就够了，有的时候需要一系列的例子。
四．例子里用什么？五．例子里可以包括：统计数字、谚语、名人名言、事实、调查、定义。
六．如何用例子？例子可以更紧密的连接上下文。
用过度词来引出例子。
七．组织你的例子按一定的顺序，逐渐提高重要性，最重要的一个例子放在最后。
（过程分析法）Eg：作文让你介绍“电梯是如何运行的”之类的。
过程分析法是按照时间顺序来介绍的。
一．何时用过程分析：过程分析法是描述如何做一些事情或者一些事务是怎么运行的。
二．如何来组织过程分析：1简单地进行说明2.文章大致分为五个段落3.对于某些专业词汇，需要在文章的开头阐述一下4结论不要太长，解释清楚即可（一些重要技巧：1.在写作前要想好所有的步骤，把他们列出来，不要错过任何一个步骤；将每一步解释的尽可能地清楚：例如你要介绍“保险丝”这个东西，不能称之为“hortmercia1)34567检查重复的部分在做分类之前掌握充足的依据分类不宜过多或过少必要的时候可以做细分，但不宜过多介绍开头和结论结尾的风格应保持一致学习如何准确的做分类与分析前者是对比两个事物的共同点，相同之处（imiarit）；而后者是对比两个事物的不同点（difference）。
作对比的目的：当你需要解释一些读者可能不知道的事物的时候，你需要借用一些与你所说的一些相似的事物来进行对比，进而达到eiarintructure（结构）。
Foreamberofent，concuion，，too，（例外），motwewritteneiarintructure可以看出，在比较相同点的时候，常用到imiar，ao，too，intheamecae，inericanFootbaAthoughEuroericanfootba，，ometimecaedaociationfootbaoroccer，ierica （theUnitedStateandCanada）。
英语说明文写作技巧
三一文库（）〔英语说明文写作技巧〕▲ 1.罗列法(listing)在文章开始时提出需要说明的东西和观点，然后常用first，second，…and finally加以罗列说明。
罗列法广泛地使用于各类指导性的说明文之中，下面这篇学生作文就是用罗列法写成的：Early RisingEarly rising (早起) is helpful in more than one way. First， it helps to keep us fit (健康)。
We all need fresh air. But air is never so fresh as early in themorning. Besides， we can do good to our health from doing morning exercise (做早操)。
Secondly， early rising helps us in our studies. We learn more quickly in the morning， and find it easier to remember what we learn in the morning.Thirdly， early rising enables (使能够) us to plan the work of the day. We cannot work well without a good plan. Just as the plan for the year should be made in the spring， so the plan for the day should be made in the morning.Fourthly， early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work， such as to wash our faces and hands and eat our breakfast properly.Late risers may find it very difficult to form thehabit of early rising. They ought to make special efforts to do so. As the English proverb says，“Early to bed and early to rise， makes a man healthy， wealthy and wise.”罗列法经常用下列句式展开段落，我们可以注意模仿学习：There are several good reasons why we should learn a foreign language. First of all，…Secondly，…And finally，…We should try our best to plant more trees for several good reasons First of all，…Secondly，…And finally，必须指出的是，有时罗列法并不一定有明确的first，second…等词，但文章还是以罗列论据展开的。
英语说明文写作方法
英语说明文写作方法1.比较对照比较对照有两种，一是逐点比较，二是整块比较，即AB交错或先A后B：1)逐点比较：多数人认为这种AB交错的'方式可以避免行文的单调沉闷，对比的效果更鲜明突出。
如：There are basic differences between large and small enterprises. In a small enterprise, you operated mainly through personal contacts. In a large enterprise, you have established “policies” , “channels” of organization, and fairly strict procedure. In the small enterprise you have immediate effectiveness in a very small area. You can see the effect of your work and of your decisions ground. In the large organization you are normally taught one thing thoroughly. In the small one the danger is of becoming a Jack-of-all-trades-but-master-of-none. In the large it is of becoming the man who knows more and more about less and less.2) 整块比较It is easy to be a winner. A winner can show his joy publicly. He can laugh and sing and dance and celebrate his victory. People love to be with winners. Winners are never lonely. Unlike winners, losers are the lonely ones of the world. It is difficult to face defeat with dignity. Losers can not show their disappointment publicly. They can not cry or grieve about their defeat. They may suffer privately, but they must be composed in public. They have nothing to celebrate and no one to share their sadness.2.分类分类是人类认识客观世界的重要手段之一，也是描写事物、解释观点最有效的方式之一。
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分类法分类就是按照事物的不同特点将它们划成多个类别。
事物可以按照不同的标准进行分类，标准则取决于分类的成因。
例如，在分析某系学生的构成情况时，如果想了解他们的学习情况，可以将他们根据考试成绩划分为若干组；如果想研究是否有可能组织一场足球比赛或是篮球比赛，可以根据对足球和篮球的爱好程度把学生划分成若干组。
不管分类的目的是什么，分类的标准必须具有普适性和排他性，也就是说分类标准必须覆盖分类样本集中的所有样本元素，而且样本集中的任一元素只能隶属于分类标准项次中的唯一一项。
例如，把学生分成男生、女生和运动员是不合适的，这一标准违反了排他性原则，因为某个学生可能是男生的同时又是运动员，他占据了两个分类项次。
再如，把学生分成中学生和大学生在有些情况下也不一定合适，该标准违反了普适性原则，即有些学生既不是中学生也不是大学生（如小学生）。
表示分类的名词：种：kind, sort, type类：group, classification, category组成成员：member分部/分支：division/branch纲：class 目：order 科：family 属：genus 种：species表示分类的动词和动词短语：将……按……分类（排序）：class, classify, divide, categorize, group, place, arrange 属于某一类：belong to, fall into, be classed with包括若干类：there be, contain, consist of, comprise, include, be composed of, be comprised of组成……类：make up, constitute, composeE x e r c i s e s1. Read the following passages and discuss whether they follow the classification criterion of exclusiveness and inclusiveness.Passage 1:generation of electricity to meet the power and light needs of cities and industries. The other covers the application of small amounts of power for communication and various other purposes.Passage 2:We usually think of bees as being sociable insects which live in communities, but this is not always true. One way of classifying bees is by “social” and “solitary” species, and there are many of the latter. Bumble bees（野蜂）and honey bees are social species. Among solitary bees there are primitive wasplike bees, medium-sized solitary mining bees, so-called sweat bees, \carpenter bees and cuckoo bees.2. Read the following passage, and fill in the blanks with appropriate words.In Britain, state schools can be classified according to the age range of the pupils and the type of education provided. Basically, there are two types of schools: primary and secondary. Primary schools cater to（满足需要）children age 5-11 and secondary schools ages 11-16 (and up to 19). Primary schools can be sub-divided into infant schools (for age 5-7) and junior schools (for age 7-11). Secondary schools may be one type for all abilities, viz.（即）comprehensive schools; most secondary schools are of this kind. Alternatively, pupils may be grouped according to their ability and selected by means of an examination at age 11 (known as the“11-plus exam”). Thus, grammar schools cater to those with academic ability; modern schools for those with less academic ability; and technical schools for those with more practical skills.1) Schools _________________________________________ the pupils’ages and thetypes of education.2) There are ________________________________________ schools: primary andsecondary.3) Primary schools ___________________________________________ into infant andjunior schools.4) Secondary schools pupils ______________________________ their ability.5) The criterion（标准）for classifying secondary schools is whether or not there is______________________________.2. There are thousands of languages in the world. Languages are classified intodifferent families according to their common attributes. Do you know which family English belongs to? Below is a language tree proposed by German linguistic August Schleicher (1821-1868). Please describe it using the classification method:Proto-Indo-EuropeanWestern Branch Eastern BranchCeltic-Italic GermanicOld High German Old Saxon Old Low Fraconian Anglo-FrisianHigh German Low German Dutch Old English Old FrisianEnglish Frisian描述法（二）过程的描述既然有过程就必然有次序，关键在于搞清楚全过程的每一个步骤，再利用表示列举的衔接短语，按照过程的前后次序描述每一个步骤。
过程的描述往往按照时间顺序或过程的发展顺序进行描述。
1. 按照过程的发展顺序描述如果某个描述涉及到多个步骤，应该按照过程的发展顺序把这些步骤交代清楚。
既然完整的过程分为多个步骤，那么这些步骤的顺序则显得至关重要。
成功地按过程描述实际上告诉了读者如何去完成具体任务。
描述过程的常用衔接词和短语：1) Firstly … Secondly … Thirdly … Finally …2) First, Then, Next, After this, Lastly3) Afterward, Furthermore, Moreover, In addition to …2. 按照时间顺序描述在讲述故事或描述事件的时候，最简单同时也最清楚的方法是按照时间的顺序描述，也就是按照事情发生先后顺序，较早发生的事情在前面描述，较晚发生的事情在后面描述。
时间作为一个主线条可以为读者提供非常清楚的思路。
常用衔接词和短语：首环节：first, firstly, at first, first of all, in the first place, to begin with, one中间环节：second, secondly, in the second place, next, afterwards, after that, then, later, another, third, thirdly, still another, in addition, besides, furthermore 末环节：lastly, at last, finally, eventually, in the endE x e r c i s e sHow a New Road is Built__ (a) Though I had been on the train for more than thirty hours and spent a sleepless night, I didn’t feel tired at all, and I believed my days in Beijing would be as sunny as the skies. __ (b) Like other passengers, I began to collect my things, and put my mug, towel, atlas（地图册）, apples, and other things into my bag.__ (c) I walked out of the train and was carried forward by the stream of people into an underground passage and then into a big hall.__ (d) My heart gave a leap when I heard the announcement that our train would soon arrive at its destination --- Beijing.__ (e) As I stepped out of the station, I was dazzled（眩目）by the bright autumn skies of Beijing.__ (f) To the tune of a beautiful song the train pulled into the station and gently stopped by a platform.1. Please organize the following instructions into a coherent paragraph, and discuss the questions in the brackets.How to Deal with Snakebites in the Field1) Tie a handkerchief, necktie, or belt on your victim above the bite to prevent the bloodfrom flowing to the heart2) Decide whether to take the victim to the doctor or call for a doctor (How will you make adecision?)3) Remove the venoma. make cuts in a crisscross（十字）fashion on the bitten area, cutting about one fourthinch deep;b. suck out the blood and spit it out [Will you die if you swallow the blood?]4) Don’t give whiskey [Do you know why?]; you can give coffee or some other beverage tothe victim.5) Reassure the victim举例法一般来讲，概括性太宽泛的句子不具有太强的说服力，往往需要一点具体内容加以支持。