高考英语阅读理解满分秘籍之推理判断题(正稿)

高考英语阅读理解满分秘籍之推理判断题

阅读理解满分秘籍——理解题干的要求是核心，分析选项的特点是基础，读懂原文的主旨是条件。做到题干、选项与原文内容的完美结合。

高考《考纲》对阅读理解的能力要求是：要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：

（1）理解主旨要义；

（2）理解文中具体信息；

（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；

（4）做出判断和推理；

（5）理解文章的基本结构；

推理判断

（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

《考纲》能力要求的后三项对应的是推理判断题型。推理判断题型是阅读理解题型难度最大的题型，而且所占比例不断上升。该题型要求考生不仅要理解文章的主旨和事实细节，还要根据文章的主旨和事实细节进行合理的推断。即领悟作者的言外之意，得出符合作者意愿的结论。因此考生需要充分阅读理解文章、分析语篇特征、寻找解题依据。首先按照题干要求的范围进行解题，如果题目中没有提到具体的段落，那么通过“顺序原则”找到区域范围。然后根据题干和对应的内容进行合理推断，经常会出现may, probably等词。考生千万不要根据自己的经验和主观意愿判断，更不要去选虽然选项内容根据文章是正确的事实细节，但却不是推断性的选项。

推断判断题分类

1. 推断隐含意义

常见提问方式：

1. It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that ________ .

=We can infer /conclude from the passage ________.

2. The story/ passage implies /suggests /indicates that _________.

=The passage implies, but doesn't directly state that ________.

3. From the text /passage we know that …is most likely ________.

4. Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage?

解题方法：

例如：

（2016·全国Ⅱ，D 片段）

Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控）in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people's e -

mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster

and farther than disasters and sob stories.

“The 'if it bleeds' rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”

Q: What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?

A. They're socially inactive.

B. They're good at telling stories.

C. They're inconsiderate of others.

D. They're careful with their words.

【解题思路】

第一步，根据题干中infer确定是推断隐含意义；

第二步，速读文章，找出相关信息句，并标出进行推理判断的关键词；

1. They want your eyeballs and don't care how you're feeling.

2. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react.

3. You don't want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.

第三步，根据该题选项的特点，排除事实细节选项，结合文章主旨和上述内容推断出正确选项C。

2. 推断作者观点态度

常见提问方式：

1. The writer suggests that _________.

2. The author probably feels that _________.

3. The author uses the example of...to show that_________.

4. What's the author's attitude toward...?

解题方法：