定语从句图表精析
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as（主, 宾, 定）关系副词: when, where, why.（状语）2.关系词的作用:（1）引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
定语从句图表 讲解1
一、定语从句I.定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。
被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
II.that与which, who, whom的用法区别：二、名词性从句三、状语从句四、倒装句五、虚拟语气背诵重要句型1.It was not until midnight that he finished his task.2.Not until he came back from abroad was I able to see him again.3.The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.4.He walked around the house, gun in hand.5.May you be in good health!6.Wish you a pleasant journey back home!7.The professor was a humorous man with big nose and deep-set eyes.8.What surprised me mos t was his imagination and patience.9.He lay on the grass, with his eyes looking at the sky and his hands under his head.10.Sitting under the tree are Mr. Green and his first teacher.11.On the wall hang two pictures of famous scientists.12.Looking back upon those past years, he couldn’t help feeling very proud.13.No sooner(Hardly) had he arrived at the theatre than(when) the play started.14.Young as he is, he has learned advanced mathematics.15.How I regret the hours wasted in the woods and fields!16.There stands a beautiful vase in the corner of the room.17.Ten miles north of the town lies a paper factory.18.There goes the bell.19.Nowhere has the world ever seen such a bird as here.20.It is no use crying for help.21.If only I had been your student in the middle school!22.It is believed that such a thing will not happen again.23.Only when he explained did I realize the reason for this.24.“He works particularly hard.” “So he does, and so do you.”25.Not only Alice but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.26.Such was Albert Einstein, a simple person of great achievements.。
定语从句讲解图表
October 1st is the day __w__h_e_n__ ( new China was founded).
The window ( _w_h_i_c_h_ was opened this morning) has been broken. that
Morning is the best time _w__h_e_n_ (y_o_u_ practise _re_a_d_i_n_g aloud).
Do you remember the lake w__h_e_r_e (y_o_u_ first met your g_i_r_lf_r_i_en__d.）
Complex sentence 复合句：
由连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子 的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作 某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语）。
复合句 = 主句
+
定语从句
一个主谓结构是句子 另一个或一个以上的主谓结构 的主要部分（主句） 只在句子中作某个成分（定语）
Attributive clause:
限制性定语从句 restrictive
非限制性定语从句non-restrictive
是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉， 主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从 句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说 明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。
1958 was the year _w__h_e_n_ (S_p_i_e_lb__er_g made his first real f_il_m_).
怎样写图表分析作文
怎样写图表分析作文纵观近几年高考，英语书面表达大致分为材料作文、图表作文和开放作文。
且材料作文逐渐被图表作文取代，图表分析作文就是将数据、图像所包含的信息，转化为表意的说明文字。
图表分析作文通常比较复杂，学生不仅要弄清提示，还要看懂所给的图表和数据。
由于这类试题提示内容少，信息点分散，审题时一定要领会作者的出题意图，弄清主题再动笔：1.单纯描述解释图表信息，按图表所示内容如实表达，不加评论。
2.通过叙述图表(或图画)中的内容和数字变化来分析原因，发表议论。
(一) 柱状图(BAR CHART)人们日常生活中事物的变化情况通常可以用宽度相等的柱状图形来表示，柱状图的高度差别用来说明事物的动态发展趋势，同时要注意图例说明和坐标刻度所提示的信息。
例：你们班会的讨论主题是“上大学是高中生唯一的出路吗？”请你根据下面图表及汉语提示，写一篇短文，并阐述你的个人观点。
提示：1.增长学识，提高素养，利于择业。
2.成功的路不只一条。
3.学费高，就业难。
要求：1.词数：100～120左右。
2.开头语已为你写好(不计入词数)。
3.参考词汇：tuition n.学费qualities n.素养【解题分析】柱状图是高中英语课本中常见的图形，要求学生通过柱状图图中数据和提示内容写一短文，属于比较、对照类。
也可根据提示写为议论文。
通常我们采取三段式写法：第一段：描述图表，得出结论。
第二段：紧扣主题，根据图表比较分析原因，论证结论。
第三段：发表议论，提出自己的看法。
【提炼要点】分析柱状图数据信息。
从图中可看出，黑色代表想上大学，占大多数，约60%；浅黑色代表无所谓，占约30%；白色代表不想上大学，占约10%。
One possible versionIs It The Only Way Out To Go To College？We had a discussion about whether it is the only way out for senior students to go to college. Views vary from person to person.The majority of us consider it very necessary to go to college. They think it can widen their knowledge and improve their qualities. Only in this way can they find better jobs after graduation. Very few students，that is about ten percent of the students，think it no use going university，because the tuition is too high for their family to afford. What's more，it's rather hard for college graduates to seek satisfactory jobs. Thirty percent of the students，however，believe “All roads lead to Rome.”Therefore it doesn't make any difference whether they go to college or not.In my opinion，we can receive a better education at college so that we can serve our motherland.【语言亮点】①词汇。
定语从句讲解
定语从句讲解（一）一、详细的定语从句讲解定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。
名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。
一、限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
(完整版)名词性从句思维导图(2)
类似的不及物动词还有：seem, appear, occur, follow, happen, turn out, etc.
It turned out thatnobody remembered the address.
结果是无人记得那个ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ址。
陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。
eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.”
→She saidshe would leave a message on the desk.
一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。
eg. I thought（that）you are free today.（╳）
I thought（that）you would be free today.（√）
【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。eg.The teacher told us（that）the earth moves around the sun.
b.在介词前：It dependson（依靠）whetherit is going to rain.
c.与or not连用：They are talking aboutwhetherto go thereor not.
eg.Tom don't knowif/whether his grandpa liked the present.
我对你去不去不感兴趣。
It +某些固定结构+主语从句。
例如：It doesn’t make too much difference（It doesn’t make any difference / It doesn’t alter the situation），whether it rains or not .下不下雨都没有多大关系。
定语从句图表精析
as 与 which
● 名（代）词 + 介词 + 关系代词（一般作主语） ● 数词或形容词最高级 + of + 关系代词（一般作主语） 介 词 + 关 系 代 词 ● 介词 + whose + 名词（一般作状语） ● 介词 + which + 名词（一般在句中作状语） ● 介词 + 关系代词（一般作状语） ●介词短语 + 关系代词（一般作状语）
The boy who is standing there is my cousin. The man (whom) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith. ① Do you know the boy whose (the father of whom)is an engineer? ②He lives in a house whose windows (the windows of which) face south. ① Children like to read books which have wonderful pictures. ② The pen (which) my uncle gave me is missing. ① A plane is a machine that can fly. ② I don’t know the man (that) you mentioned. ① As is known to all, Edison invented the electric lamp.
●表示时间、 地点、 原因的先行词作定语从句谓语动 词的主语、宾语时，应用 that 或 which，作宾语时 that/which 也可省略。 ●当先行词是 case，condition，situation，position， point，stage 等名词，表示情况、方面、处境时关系 副词用 where ●当先行词 way 意为“方式、 方法”时， 引导定语从句 的关系词有 in which，that 或不用任何关系词这三种 形式；way 不做“方式、方法”解时，其定语从句的引 导词用 that 或 which，引导词在定语从句中作宾语时 可以省略。
高中英语语法复习——定语从句(共45张ppt)
2、先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或 者代词叫做先行词。定语从句通常 置于它所修饰的成分之后。
eg: The boy who is playing basketball is my younger brother.
3、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词就叫关系 词。
A. 把从句和主句中被修饰的先行词连接在 一起．
2. I think the day will finally come______ air pollution can be put under control. A. that B. which C. when D. as
3. This is the store______ we visited the famous shop assistant. A. where B. there C. that D. which
结构分析： 系词所指代的先行词在句中作 know的宾语。
4. I don’t like the way _____ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. all A, B and C
特别注意!（5）
在实践中会遇到很多形似定语从句的句子，要 注意定语从句与其它从句的结构上的细微差别, 能够正确区分使用它们.
couldn’t be found.
A. that
B.where C. in which D. in that
The places couldn’t be found.可知关 系词所指代的先行词在句中作主语。
结构分析：
3. This is the reason ______ he has always been eager to know for these years. A. which B. why C. for which D. because He has always been eager to know the reason for these years.可知关
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定语从句图表精析特别提醒：1、如何选择关系代词与关系副词？方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。
及物动词后面无宾语。
就必须用关系代词，而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。
方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分。
（主语、宾语、状语），也能正确选择出关系代词还是关系副词。
2、定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致。
①one of +复数名词+关系代词+复数动词②the only one of +复数名词+关系代词+单数动词考点关系词 指代范围在从句中所做成分例句展示关系代词与关系副词的判定who 人 主语、宾语（限定性定语从句可省略） The boy who is standing there is my cousin. whom人 宾语（限定性定语从句可省略）The man (whom ) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith.whose(=of whom/which)人或物定语①Do you know the boy whose father (the father of whom) is an engineer? ②He lives in a house whose windows (the windows of which) face south. which 物 主语、宾语（限定性定语从句可省略）①Children like to read books which have wonderful pictures. ②The pen (which ) my uncle gave me is missing. that 人或物 主语、宾语（限定性定语从句可省略，不引导非限定性定语从句）①A plane is a machine that can fly.②I don ’t know the man (that ) you mentioned. as人或物（在非限制性定语从句中也可指代整个句子）主语、宾语、表语①As is known to all, Edison invented the electric lamp.②I want to read such a book as you read. ③I want to read the same book as you read. ④He is not the same man as he was.when(=适当介词+which) 时间 时间状语 I ’ll never forget the day when I joined the Party.where(=适当介词+which)地点 地点状语 The factory where my father works is in the east of the city. when(=for+which)原因原因状语None of us know the reason why Tom was absent from the meeting. ●表示时间、地点、原因的先行词作定语从句谓语动词的主语、宾语时，应用that 或which,作宾语时that/which 也可省略。
●当先行词是case, condition, situation, position,point,stage 等名词，表示情况、方面、处境时关系副词用where 。
①I don ’t believe that reason (which/that ) he was late for school. ②I don ’t believe the reason (which/that ) he gave me. ③He had to face the condition where pressure was heavy.●当先行词way 意为“方式、方法”时，引导定语从句的关系词有in which,that 或不用任何关系词这三种形式；way 不做“方式、方法”解时，其定语从句的引导词用that 或which,引导词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。
①The way (that/in which ) he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.(关系代词在从句中作状语，相当于in this/that way ）②The way (that/which ) he explained to us was quite simple.（关系代词that/which 在从句中作宾语） ③The way (that/which ) he showed us leads to the small village.（way 意为“道路”）几组关系代词的区别用that不用which先行词是all, much, little, something,everything, anything,nothing,none时①Anything that can burn is a source of heat energy.②Please get ready for everything(that) we need.先行词被only,any,few,no,very,little等修饰时①This is the very book that I’m looking for.②The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时This is the best film (that) I have seen.先行词为人、物并用时He talked about things and persons (that) they remembered in the school.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时Which is the bike that you lost?当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.the same...as与the same...thatthe same...as...表示相似的东西the same...that...表示同一人或物①This is the same knife as I lost.这把小刀和我丢掉那把一样。
②This is the same knife that I lost.这把刀就是我丢的那把。
such/so...as与such/so...thatsuch/so...as(定语从句）像……那样such/so...that（状语从句）如此……以至于①This is such an easy question as I can answer.②This is such an easy question that I can answer.as与which1、as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，有时还可插入主句中。
which引导的非限定性定语从句通常放在主句之后。
2、as意为“正如……”,后面的谓语动词多是see, know, except, say, mention, report等；which意为“这一点”。
①Avatar is a very successful film, as is known to all.②As we all know, Taiwan belongs to China.③The sports meeting was put off, which astonished us.介词+关系代词●名（代）+介词+关系代词（一般作主语）I picked up the apples, some of which were bad●数词或形容词最高级+of+关系代词（一般作主语）①He has ten cousins, three of whom are clever.②He has ten cousins, the youngest of whom is clever.●介词+关系代词（一般作状语）This is the girl from whom I learn the news.●介词短语+关系代词（一般作状语）Jack was a famous doctor, with the help of whom they succeeded in an operation.●介词+which+名词（一般在句中作状语）She suffered from illness, in which case her husband had to stay at home.●介词+whose+名词（一般作状语）He is the man from whose house the pictures were stolen.●from where为“介词+关系副词”结构，但也可以引导定语从句。
●“介词+关系代词”中的介词可根据先行词或定语从句中的动词短语进行判断。
He hid himself behind the door, from where he saw the man take a photo of something on the desk. (from where指from behind the door)他躲在门后面，从那里他看见那个人拍摄了桌子上的什么东西。
特殊定语从句分裂式定语从句（先行词与关系代（副）词分开）I was the only person in my office who was invited to the important ball.插入式定语从句（关系代词与从句中插入一个句子）He made another great discovery, which I think is very important to science. 省略式定语从句（介词+关系代词+不定式）I intend to make friends with a Frenchman from whom to improve my French.。