综合英语book 1 unit 2

Unit 2 FriendshipSuggested Teaching Plan (12 periods)ObjectivesStudents will be able to:1. Grasp the main idea (never delay expressing your true feelings to a friend) and structure of the text (developing a story around a letter);2. Appreciate the spoken English is much more informal than written English;3. Master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text;4. Conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.Time allotmentBackground InformationHalloweenHalloween is celebrated annually. It is on the night of 31 October, when people once believed that ghosts could be seen. Now, in Britain and America, it is a time when children have parties, dress up as witches, make lanterns out of pumpkins from which the inside has been removed, and play “trick or treat ”.Trick or treat is a traditional activity at Halloween. Children dress in costumes and visit houses. At each house they say “ Trick and treat ”. This means that they will play a “trick ”, or joke, on the people in the house unless they are given a “treat ”, eg. sweets or money. Most people prefer to give treats rather than having tricks played on them.Teaching ProceduresPre-reading Task1. T asks Ss the following questions on the song That ’s What Friends are For:---What is a fair weather friend? (one who is happy to stay with you when things are going well but leaves as soon as trouble arrives)--- According to the song, what are friends for? (for both good times and bad times) (5 minutes)2. Survey--- Do you often write letters to friends?a) T writes down the following words on the blackboard: frequently, sometimes, rarely, never. Then ask the Ss to indicate how often they write to friends. b) Invite several Ss to give reasons for writing or not writing letters.c) Sum up and leads into the text by saying: Sometimes we put off writing letters because we think letters can wait until other matters are dealt with, or because we think a phone call will do instead. But sometimes, as you are to find in this text, we may leave it too late to write, and letters are best in expressing our innermost feelings. (15 minutes)While-reading Tasks1. Skimming1) Ss work in pairs to skim the text and find out how many questions the narrator asked the cabbie and what were the latter ’s responses.2) One pair of Ss perform the questions and answers for the class. Before doing so, T explains that they needn ’t read word-for-word from the text, but should use their own words to get the meaning across.3) T asks other Ss these question:--- At first, did you mistake Ed for the writer of this letter, like the storyteller did?--- When did you realize your mistake?--- Which round of question-and-answer leads to the mistake? (hint: the second round)4) T points out that a surprising ending is sometimes adopted in stories.2. Ss do Text Organization exercise. T may offer a clue that the last paragraph alone constitutes the last part. (5 minutes)3. T explains language points and gives Ss practice. (see Language Study ) (30 minutes)4. 1) T reads out the following sentences and Ss try to find out sentences of similar meaning in the text:--- Go on reading your letter. ( Go ahead and finish your letter.)--- I ’m not used to writing letters. ( I ’m not much of a hand at writing)--- We were friends since our childhood. So our friendship has a long history. (We were kids together, so we go way back.)2) T asks Ss which sentences are more colloquial, those in the text or those given by T.3) T explains that since this story is developed mainly through the conversation between the cabbie and his passenger, its language tends to be simpler and more colloquial, sentences tend to be shorter or even incomplete. (15 minutes)5. T explains language points in Part II and gives Ss practice. (see Language Study ) (30 minutes)6. Elicit from Ss several ways to keep a conversation going, eg., ask a question, agreeing with what one ’s conversation partner has said, making guesses about past events or predictions about future events. Ss scan Parts I and II to find out relevant examples employed by the narrator. (see Text Analysis ) (10 minutes)Post-reading tasks1. Ss work in groups to find out, in the conversation given in the text, words or sentences that take on different meanings for the speaker and the listener. And later, T may invited groups to report their findings to the class. (20 minutes)2. Guide Ss through some after-text exercises. (2 minutes)3. T checks on Ss ’ home reading (Text B ). (3 minutes)4. Ss do Part IV: Theme-related Language Learning Tasks in class. (1 Period)5. Ask the Ss to prepare the next unit:1) do the pre-reading task; 1st -2nd period3rd-8th period 9th -10th period 11th -12th period Pre-reading;While-reading(Paragraphs 1-21) While-reading (Paragraphs 22-36) Post-reading (Debate; Exercises) Check on students ’ home reading (Text B); Theme-related LanguageLearning Tasks2) preview Text A (2 minutes)Language Study1. be lost in/ lose oneself: be absorbed in, be fully occupied withe.g He was lost in playing computer games so he was unaware of my entering the room.She was lost in her novel.I had lost myself in thought.2. available: able to be used, had, or reachede.g Since 1990, the amount of money available to buy books has fallen by 17%.If you don’t want to buy a kite, you can make your own using direction available in the book.We have already used up all the available space.3. He sounded as if he had a cold or something: This sentence implies the sad state of mind the taxi driver was in.or something: used when you are not very sure about what you have just saide.g The air fare was a hundred and ninety-nine pounds or something.Here’s some money. Get yourself a sandwich or something.Similar phrase: or something like that.4. go ahead: continue, begin (sometimes followed by with + n.)e.g The board of directors will vote today on whether to go ahead with the plan.Henry will be late but we will go ahead with the meeting anyway.5. know/learn by heart: memorize, remember exactlye.g You have to know all the music by heart if you want to be a concert pianist.The pupils are required to learn a classic poem by heart every day.6. At least they do with me because I’m on the road so much.: At least letters from home mean a lot to me because I travel a lot in a car for long distances.7. estimate: form a judgment aboute.g I estimate that the total cost for the treatment of the disease will go from $5,000 to$8,000.Bill’s personal riches were estimated at $368 million.8. This isn’t family: This isn’t a letter from my family.9. might/may(just) as well:If you say that you might/may (just) as well do something, you mean that you will do it although you do not have a strong desire to do it and may even feel slightly reluctant about it.10. I’m not much of a hand at writing: I’m not good at writing.not much of a: not a goode.g Some people may think that doing housework for others is not much of a career.He is not much of a father, but he is an outstanding professor.11. keep up: continue without stoppinge.g They risk losing their homes because they can no longer keep up the repayments.I was so hungry all the time that I could not keep the diet up for longer than a month.12. correspondence:1) the act of writing, receiving or sending letter (不可加s，但可加a，often followed by with+n.)e.g His interest in writing came from a long correspondence with a close college friend.2) the letters that sb. receives or sendse.g Mary really never mentions her step-mother in her correspondence.Any further correspondence should be sent to my new address.13. But I take it he’s someone…: But I expect that he is someone…The sentence pattern “I take it (that)” is used to say that you expect someone will do something, know something etc.e.g I take it you’ve heard that all the students in my class have done a very good job in CET Band 4.14. practically: almost, but not completely or exactlye.g He’d known the old man for practically ten years.I know people who find it practically impossible to give up smoking.15. Went to school together? : The complete sentence is like this: You went to school together?16. neighborhood: one of the parts of a town where people livee.g It seemed like an ideal neighborhood to raise my children in.Houses in a good neighborhood are likely to be sold at a high price.17. kind of/sort of: a little bit, in some way or degreee.g She wasn’t beautiful. But she was kind of cute.The boy’s description kind of gives us an idea of what’s happening.18. lose touch: meet and contact sb. less often, gradually stop writing, telephoning, or visiting theme.g I lost touch with my former classmates after graduation.In my job one tends to lose touch with friends.19. a couple of: a few, more than one but not manye.g Do you have a moment? There are a couple of things I’d like to talk to you about.They promised the students that they would find a substitute teacher in a couple of days.20. But I realized that Old Ed was still on his mind when he spoke again, almost more to himself than to me.: But I realized that the taxi driver was still thinking of Old Ed when he spoke again. It seemed that he spoke more to himself than to me.on one’s mind: in one’s thought; of concern to one( if something is on your mind, you are worried or concerned about it and think about it a lot.)e.g Dealings on the stock market have been on his mind all the time.21. keep in touch (with sb.): If you keep in touch with someone, you write, phone, or visit each other regularly.e.g The old man kept in touch with his children while living in a nursing home.While doing the research work in the Antarctic, the professor kept in touch with his students via email.22. come up:1) happen, occur, esp. unexpectedlye.g “ sorry, I am late--- something came up at home.”Other projects came up and the emphasis of my work changed.2) be mentioned or discussede.g The issue of safety came up twice during the meeting.The term “project hope” has come up a lot recently in the newspapers.23. urge: try very hard to persuade (often used in the pattern urge sb. to do sth. Or followed by a that-clause. In the that-clause, “should” or the base form of a verb is used.)e.g They urged the local government to approve plans for their reform programme.I urged my cousin to take a year off to study drawing.Sir Fred urged that Britain (should) join the European Monetary System.24. postpone: delay (use. Followed by n./gerund)e.g The Russian expert postponed dumping Mir (和平号Russia’s space station) in the Pacific Ocean until March 23,2001.25. It had references to things that…: The letter made mention of things that…1) the act of talking about sb./sth., or mentioning them ( usu. Followed by to)e.g His recent book makes references to the political events of those days.It w as strange that he made no reference to any work experience in his resume.2) sth. That shows you where else to look for information, for example the page number of another place in a booke.g Make a note of the reference number shown on the form.3) the act of looking at sth. For informatione.g Use the dictionary for easy reference.Keep their price list for further reference.26. “Like it says there,”…” about all we had to spend in those days was time.”: “As the letter says there,”…“though we didn’t have much money we had a lot of free time.”27. absolutely: totally and completelye.g Funding is absolutely necessary if r research is to continue.There is absolutely no difference between the two oil-paintings.28. reunion: a party attended by members of the same family, school, or other group who have not seen each other for a long timee.g The soccer club holds an annual reunion.Before she went abroad for further study, the whole family had a big family reunion.29. …there are fewer and fewer still around.: fewer and fewer of us are left alive.30. go by: (of time) passe.g Her daughter was becoming more and more beautiful as the years went by.As each month goes by, the economic situation gets better.31. hang out:1) stay in or near a place, for no particular reason, not doing very muche.g I often hung out in coffee bars while I was unemployed.We can just hang out and hav a good time.That’s the corner where all the kids hang out.2) hang clothes on a piece of string outside in order to dry theme.g I was worried that I had no time to hang out my washing.What a pain!--- It’s raining and I’ve just hung the wash9ing out.32. every now and then: sometimes, at timese.g Every now and then I have a desire to quit my tedious job.I still see Jane for lunch every now and then, but not as often as I used to.33. But for the last 20 or 30 years it’s been mostly just Christmas cards.: But generally speaking we have sent only Christmas cards to keep in touch with each other for the last 20 or 30 years.34. Your friendship over the years has meant an awful lot to me, more than I can say because I’m not good at saying things like that.: Your friendship over the years has been very important to me, more important than I can say because I’m not good at expressing my feelings.awful: very great; very bad or unpleasante.g I have got an awful lot of work to do.I can’t bear the awful smell of cigarette smoke.35. chock up: become too upset to speake.g When he learned the news of his friend’s sudden death, he was so choked up he couldn’t say a thing.Losing my job left me completely choked up; I was so upset that I didn’t know what to say.36. destination: the place to which sb. is going or being sente.g Singapore is still our most popular holiday destination.Only half of the emergency supplies have reached their destination because of the bad weather.37. skip: pass from (one point, etc.) to another, disregarding or failing to act on what comes betweene.g The teacher skipped chapter five and said it wouldn’t be on the test.“As time is limited, we will have to skip some of the exercises in Unit 10,” said the teacher.Assignments:1) do the pre-reading task of the next:2) review Text A of the next unit.Comments:。