2017上海高考试卷及答案
2017年高考英语上海卷【附解析】
英语试卷 第1页（共18页）英语试卷 第2页（共18页）绝密★启用前上海市2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英 语第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who has given up smoking? A. Jack.B. Frank.C. The woman.2. Why does the woman apologize to the man? A. She broke his telephone.B. She didn’t take him to the hospital.C. She forgot to tell him the message.3. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Salesgirl and customerB. Passenger and driverC. Wife and husband.4. What is the woman’s opini on about the course? A. Too hardB. Worth takingC. Very easy.5. What is the woman doing? A. She is apologizingB. She is complainingC. She is worrying.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出虽佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
2017年语文真题及解析_2017年上海市高考语文试卷
2017年上海市高考语文试卷一、积累应用（l0分）1．（5分）按要求填空。
（1）家住吴门，。
（周邦彦《苏幕遮》）（2）蒹葭萋萋，白露未唏。
所谓伊人，。
（《诗经••蒹葭》）（3）杜甫《望岳》诗“造化钟神秀，阴阳割昏晓”以光的明暗写山的高大，王维《终南山》诗中运用了相似手法的一联是“，”。
三、标题2．（2分）小明跑步健身，坚持一段时间后想放弃，以下句子适合用来激励他的一项是（）A．行百里者半九十 B．千里之行，始于足下C．不积跬步，无以致千里D．知是行之始，行是知之成3．（3分）班干部改选，小洁被选为班长后发表感言，以下用语得体的一项是（）A．旧的不去，新的不来，我们将翻开新的一页B．谢谢大家的信任，我会尽心尽力，做好工作C．感谢大家的支持，我乐意为大家效犬马之劳D．很荣幸当选班长，我愿鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已二、阅读（70分）4．（16分）阅读下文，完成下列各题。
天开图画即江山王风①李白诗云：“清水出芙蓉，天然去雕饰。
”“天然”就是自然而然。
“天”与“人”是一组对举的概念，二者同为创造者。
“人”在创造，“天”更在创造。
大自然的自我创造，称为“天工”，与此相对的“人工”，通常认为是远远不及的。
而对于人的创造，最高贵的赞美就是“巧夺天工”。
与此相类，大自然的声响被称为“天籁”，对于人间的歌唱，其最高赞美也就是用这个词来形容。
②孔子“知者乐水，仁者乐山”，人格在山水中获得共鸣，这种人与山水的关系延续至今。
音乐中大量的是对大自然的抒写，古代最著名的器乐曲，古琴演奏的《高山》《流水》，引发了千古的赞叹和惆怅。
人与人，借助音乐描摹的山水达成最高的和谐，正是中国文人精神的一个缩影。
③魏晋是中国文学艺术的自觉时期，以自然为题材的山水诗和山水画蓬勃而出，并延续至今，形成诗画中最引人注目的传统。
开创山水诗的谢灵运好游，曾经惊动地方官，以为山贼。
人的情感与山水相通，则以山水为友。
唐代李白“相看两不厌，只有敬亭山”，王维“行到水穷处，坐看云起时”，都不将山水看作客体。
上海高考语文试题及答案
上海高考语文试题及答案2017年上海高考语文试题及答案高考对于学生来说，是一场及其艰难的战役。
想考好语文，我们考生就要做好每份试题练习，总结考试规律。
下面是店铺为大家整理的2017年上海高考语文试题，希望对大家有用!2017年上海高考语文试题一、阅读80分(一)阅读下文，完成第1-6题。
(16分)笔墨的超越①毛笔、墨是中国书法和绘画的主要工具，原本并无奇特之处，不过分别是由兽毛与熏烧的烟灰制作而成的。
但是，在中国的书画艺术史上，它们始终扮演着不可或缺的角色。
②汉代蔡邕说：“惟笔软则奇怪生焉。
”的确，毛笔是中国书画成为艺术的关键因素之一。
“墨分五色”，足以展现万类的缤纷，更是中国艺术家的常识。
毛笔的锥体造型，具有“锋出八面”的能力;墨与水的调和，经过宣纸的洇化，可产生变幻莫测的效果。
④笔墨的造型过程一般不可重复，书法和绘画，虽是静态地呈现在纸上，却可以在人们心中唤起强烈的动感。
沈尹默说，在欣赏书法时，“不但可以接触到五光十色的神采，而且还会感到音乐般轻重疾徐的节奏”。
原本的“墨色”，居然可使人感受到“五光十色”;原本静止的文字，居然可以使人感受到“音乐的节奏”!中国的书法与绘画艺术，因笔墨的性能，具有了独特的表现能力与艺术魅力。
简单的书写或皴擦、普通的黑白两色，竟然以简驭繁、以静寓动，胜过了许多复杂的艺术。
宗白华认为：“中国音乐衰落，而书法却取代了音乐成为一种表达最高意境与情操的民族艺术。
”其中或有溢美之词，但也足见中国人对笔墨艺术的特殊感情。
④这种特殊感情的形成，不仅由于笔墨造型能力的超妙和奇特。
⑤笔墨与文人长相厮守，须臾不离，年深日久，似乎也具有了特殊的性灵。
因此，笔可以“歌”，墨可以“舞”，“妙笔”可以“生花”，笔底可走“龙蛇”，甚至文人也被称为“墨客”--工具与人，达成了性灵的相通。
在长达数千年的历史里，笔墨成为文人精神重要的呈现手段之一。
相传锺繇说过：“笔迹者，界也;流美者，人也。
”笔迹界破空间。
2017年上海高考语文试卷(校对版含答案)
2017年上海秋季高考语文试卷一、积累与应用（10分）1.填空题（5分）（1）此地有崇山峻岭，茂林修竹，又有清流激湍，映带左右。
（王羲之《兰亭集序》）（2）遥岑远目，献愁供恨，玉簪螺髻。
选自辛弃疾的《水龙吟·登健康赏心亭》（3）柳永《雨霖铃》中，“多情自古伤离别，更那堪，冷落清秋节”两句，直抒胸臆，感情深厚；陆游《书愤》中，也有直抒胸臆的一联是：“早岁那知世事艰，中原北望气如山”。
2.按要求选择。
（5分）（1）小明做事马虎，他想写一句话来警醒自己，以下句子合适的一项是（C）（2分）。
A.愚者千虑，必有一得。
B.一屋不扫，何以扫天下？C.患生于所忽，祸起于细微。
D.勿以恶小而为之，勿以善小而不为。
（2）填入下面语段空白处的词句，最恰当的一项是（A）（3分）吴人的祖先很会唱歌，这是人所共知的。
，而且被民间文艺工作者收集保存。
可是吴地的舞蹈呢？我们祖先的那种伴有呜呜歌声的舞蹈哪里去了呢？A.吴歌、白茅山歌从古到今都有人会唱。
B.吴歌、白茅山歌有人从古到今都会唱。
C.有人从古到今都会唱吴歌、白茅山歌。
D.从古到今有人都会唱吴歌、白茅山歌。
二、阅读（70分）（一）阅读下文，完成3-7题（16分）常识与理论①依据我们的常识，桌面是光滑的，物理学的理论却告诉我们，桌子是由原子组成。
原子之间有间隙，桌面其实坑坑洼洼。
很多人疑惑：理论和常识冤家碰头时，我们是该相信理论还是该坚守常识？②其实，理论和常识很难笼统地拿来比较。
因为平时说的“常识”一词，所称的内容十分繁杂。
鲸鱼是一种鱼，这份常识保存在“鲸鱼”这个词里，但鲸鱼是哺乳动物，这也是大家都知道的常识。
太阳东升西落是常识，而地球围着太阳转也是常识。
为了区分，我们把“鲸鱼是哺乳动物”“地球围着太阳转”这一类常识称做“科学常识”。
本文要讨论的常识，是指来自日常经验的常识而非科学常识。
“常识”这个词也不能指称错误的东西，错误与否不以科学为标准，而以日常经验为标准，一旦发现某些原本相信的东西不符合日常经验，我们也就不再称之为“常识”。
2017上海高考语文试题及答案（2）
2017上海高考语文试题及答案(2)推荐文章2017年上海高考语文试卷及答案热度：上海高考语文真题及答案分析热度：上海语文高考题2017及答案热度：上海语文高考题2017答案热度：上海语文高考试卷历年及答案热度：四、实用类文本阅读(25分)12.阅读下面的文字，完成(1)?(4)题。
(25分)将军赋采薇戴安澜任第73旅旅长后，回顾多年对日作战的经验教训，认定要取得胜利必须依靠部属努力，而部属的旺盛士气来自他们的爱国热情.他犄意抄录民族英雄岳飞的《满江红》和文天徉的《过零丁洋》，印发给各级官兵背谒吟唱，激发大家精忠报国的爱国热忱。
为了抗战大北，戴安澜摒弃党派成见，团结爱国人士。
《自由报》记者宗供仁前来采访，与他彻夜讨论时局，探讨国共合作抗日的未来，两人很快成为莫逆之交。
这时有人提醒戴安澜,说宗是共产党，须多加提防，他坦然答道：“现在是国共合作坑战，何防之有?宗是否共产党我不知道，我只知道他是新闻记者，写过许多真实感人的报道，有卓越的见解.我们正缺少这样的爱国志士。
”几天后，他还把自己的军事著作交給宗旗仁修改并題词。
太平洋战争爆发后，中国决定浪远征军赴缅句对曰作战，当命令到达时，已升任第200师师长的戴安澜高唱《满江红》，并向官兵宣讲进葛亮远征的事迹，以“鞠躬尽粹，死而后已”的精神激励官兵，赴缅途中，他激情满怀，赋《远征》二首以明志。
其一云：“万里旌旗耀眼开，王师出境岛夷摧，扬鞭遥指花如许，诸葛前身今又来其二云：“策马奔车走八荒，远征功业迈桊皇，澄清宇宙安黎庶，先挽长弓射夕阳。
”入缅不久，日军主力迫近东瓜，军长杜聿明决定集中主力击溃日军.栽安澜立下誓言：“此次远征，系唐明以来扬国成之盛举，虽战至一兵一卒，也必死守东瓜这时，英军突然撤走，我方援军未至，形势危急，戴安澜决心以身报国，他玄布：“本师长立遣嘱在先：如果师长战死，以副师长代之;副师长战死，参谋长代之……以此类推，各级皆然他给夫人王荷馨写了绝命家书：“余此次奉命固守东瓜，因上面大计未定，与后方联络过远，敌人行动又快，现在孤军奋斗，决以全部牺牲报国家养育，为国家战死，事极光荣，所念者，你们母子今后生活，当更痛苦。
2017年上海高考语文试卷及答案
2017年上海高考语文试卷第 I 卷阅读题(70 分)一、论述性文本阅读(9 分，每小题3 分)阅读下面的文字，完成 1-3 题。
在写文章时，我们通常会运用以小见大，虚实相生，抑扬结合，主次相成等写作手法，而这些章法，在建筑组合之中同样可以被灵活应用。
大小、曲直、繁简、抑扬、奇偶、虚实等手法在传统建筑中相辅相成、相互渗透。
建筑中的“钩心斗角”结构便是很好的例证。
心是指宫室的中心，角是指檐角，诸角向心，叫“钩心”;诸角彼此相向，像戈相斗，叫做“斗角”。
在曲阜的孔庙，就可以清晰地看到这样的建筑结构。
“勾心斗角”原是建筑师为了节省空间及建筑结构的美观，而创造出的一门以巧补拙的建筑美学。
其实就整个中国古代建筑，如故宫、雍和宫等的建筑结构，都是纵横交错、榫榫相咬，相互关联又互相制约，针锋相对。
原本难以共存的拥挤的建筑，在建筑师的设计下反而和谐共生。
作为祭祀祖先神灵之用的天坛，其主要设计思想就是要突出天空的辽阔高远，以表现“天”的至高无上。
全部宫殿、坛基都朝南成圆形，以象征天，两重坛墙的南侧转角皆为直角，北侧转角皆为圆弧形，象征着“天圆地方”。
而内坛位于外坛的南北中轴线以东，圜丘坛和祈年坛又位于内坛中轴线的东面，这些都是为了增加西侧的空旷程度，使人们从西边的正门进入天坛后，就能获得开阔的视野，以感受到上天的伟大和自身的渺小。
而全部宫殿、坛基都朝南成圆形，以象征天，两重坛墙的南侧转角皆为直角，北侧转角皆为圆弧形，象征着“天圆地方”，则体现了古人的宇宙观。
就单体建筑，祈年殿和皇穹宇都使用了圆形攒尖顶，镶着象征天空的蓝色的琉璃瓦，它们外部的台基和屋檐层层收缩上举，也体现出一种与天接近的奇异感觉。
尤其值得一提的是丹陛桥，它连接圜丘坛、皇穹宇、祈谷坛三座主建筑，贯通南北，由南向北逐渐升至3 米，象征着此道与天宫相接，皇帝由南至北步步升天。
因此，当跨出祈年殿的大门，在笔直的甬道不停回望，但见成贞门又与祈年殿相融为一，边走边回看，仿佛祈年殿越变越高，如升入云天。
2017年上海市高考语文试卷及解析
2017年上海市高考语文试卷一、积累应用（10分）1．（5分）按要求填空。
（1）家住吴门，。
（周邦彦《苏幕遮》）（2）蒹葭萋萋，白露未唏。
所谓伊人，。
（《诗经••蒹葭》）（3）杜甫《望岳》诗“造化钟神秀，阴阳割昏晓”以光的明暗写山的高大，王维《终南山》诗中运用了相似手法的一联是“，”。
2．（2分）小明跑步健身，坚持一段时间后想放弃，以下句子适合用来激励他的一项是（）A．行百里者半九十B．千里之行，始于足下C．不积跬步，无以致千里D．知是行之始，行是知之成3．（3分）班干部改选，小洁被选为班长后发表感言，以下用语得体的一项是（）A．旧的不去，新的不来，我们将翻开新的一页。
B．谢谢大家的信任，我会尽心尽力，做好工作。
C．感谢大家的支持，我乐意为大家效犬马之劳。
D．很荣幸当选班长，我愿鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已。
二、阅读（70分）4．（16分）阅读下文，完成下列各题。
天开图画即江山王风①李白诗云：“清水出芙蓉，天然去雕饰。
”“天然”就是自然而然。
“天”与“人”是一组对举的概念，二者同为创造者。
“人”在创造，“天”更在创造。
大自然的自我创造，称为“天工”，与此相对的“人工”，通常认为是远远不及的。
而对于人的创造，最高贵的赞美就是“巧夺天工”。
与此相类，大自然的声响被称为“天籁”，对于人间的歌唱，其最高赞美也就是用这个词来形容。
②孔子“知者乐水，仁者乐山”，人格在山水中获得共鸣，这种人与山水的关系延续至今。
音乐中大量的是对大自然的抒写，古代最著名的器乐曲，古琴演奏的《高山》《流水》，引发了千古的赞叹和惆怅。
人与人，借助音乐描摹的山水达成最高的和谐，正是中国文人精神的一个缩影。
③魏晋是中国文学艺术的自觉时期，以自然为题材的山水诗和山水画蓬勃而出，并延续至今，形成诗画中最引人注目的传统。
开创山水诗的谢灵运好游，曾经惊动地方官，以为山贼。
人的情感与山水相通，则以山水为友。
唐代李白“相看两不厌，只有敬亭山”，王维“行到水穷处，坐看云起时”，都不将山水看作客体。
2017上海英语高考试题[含答案解析]
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绝密★启用前2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1－12页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. It is satisfactory. B. It is luxurious.C. It is old-fashioned.D. It is disappointing.2. A. On August 5th. B. On August 6th. C. On August 7th. D. On August 8th.3. A. A waiter. B. A butcher. C. A porter. D. A farmer.4. A. In a theatre. B. In a library. C. In a booking office. D. In a furniture store.5. A. She expected to a better show. B. She could hardly find her seat.C. She wasn’t interested in the show.D. She didn’t get a favourable seat.6. A. The woman often eats out for breakfast. B. The cafeteria serves good breakfast.C. The woman doesn’t have breakfast.D. The cafeteria doesn’t serve breakfast.7. A. Selling cucumbers. B. Planting vegetables. C. Cooking a meal. D. Picking tomatoes.8. A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn down the job offer.C. The man may have another chance.D. The man can apply for the job again.9. A. It is a hot and smoggy day. B. There is a traffic jam on King Street.C. A vehicle is polluting the air.D. The man is reading a report online.10. A. Its ending is not good enough. B. Its special effects are not satisfying.C. It deserves an award.D. It is good except for the scary part.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken onlyonce. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 学.科.网11. A. $1. B. $2 C. $3 D. $ 52.12. A. Pay the bills first.B. Spend 2% of the salary on living expenses.C. Deposit $1000 every month.D. Put part of the money in a savings account.13. A. Methods of saving money.B. Saving money for family emergencies.C. The importance of saving money.D. Secrets of spending money wisely.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Free education.B. A sum of money.C. Donations from a local newspaper.D. Gifts from many people.15. A. Let students in before school.B. Offer ice cream and coffee.C. Introduce a bank into the campus.D. Reduce the traffic jams around.16. A. It lacks positive news.B. It should grow into a big city.C. It is a place worth living in.D. It remains peaceful and quiet.Section CDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer. 学科.网Class Diary (June 13-19)Blank 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Bags of LoveLast year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother ’s house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries. After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly — we were always suddenly out of something. (25)_______(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To my surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods andhead out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me —shy would she mot want to tell me about what she (28)_____(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) the groceries if I found out?When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30)_____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn ’t need to keep it a secret (31)______ me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by(32)_____ selfless she was. 学.科网(B)Stress: Good or Bad?Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient of (38) _____(annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)______(control ) your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 41 the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary 42More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design. Post-Modernist designers began to 44 with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 45 such as ovens and kettles.Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 . For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It alsoneeds to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 48 light where it is needed.From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into 49 the sensory side of our nature—sight, smell, touch and taste. These are as important as rational(理性的) thinking. When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily 50 the toothpaste onto our brush.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making —all members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are based on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65 of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating61. A. honoured B. left C. crowded D. compared62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractivenessSection BDirection：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sattments. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word “Poems” appeared in big, hot pink letters.“Is it good?” I asked her.“Yeah,”she answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.”I leaned forward.“‘Patty Poem,’” she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:She never puts her toys away,Just leaves them scattered①where they lay,…①散乱的The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:When she grows and gathers poise②, ②稳重 I’ll miss her harum-scarum③ noise, ③莽撞的And look in vain④ for scattered toys. ④徒劳地And I’ll be sad.A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.“It’s you, honey,” My mother said sadly.To my mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the “she” in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst out crying.“What’s wrong?” my mother asked.“Oh Mama,” I cried. “I don’t want to grow up ever!”She smiled. “Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I’ll still love you, okay?”“Okay,”I was still weeping. My panic has gone. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was confused. Itall fit so well together, like a puzzle. The language was simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a person’s world.I have since fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty Poem” remains my poem. After all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.66. Why was the writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?A. It was a thick enough book.B. Something on its cover caught her eye.C. Her mother was reading it with interest.D. It has a meaningful title.67. After her mother read the poem to her, the writer felt ______ at first.A. sadB. excitedC. horrifiedD. confused68. The writer’s mother liked to read “Patty Poem” probably because______.A. it reflected her own childhoodB. it was written in simple languageC. it was composed by a famous poetD. it gave her a hint of what would happen69. It can be concluded from the passage that“Patty Poem”leads the writer to _______.A. discover the power of poetryB. recognize her love for puzzlesC. find her eagerness to grow upD. experience great homesickness（B）Is there link between humans and climate change or not? This question was firststudied in the early 1900s. Since then, many scientists have thought that ouractions do make a difference. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol explained our role inthe Earth’s changing atmosphere and set international limits for gasemissions(排放) from 2008 to 2012. Some countries have decided to continue thesereductions until 2020. More recently, the Paris Agreement, stuck by nearly 200countries, also aims to limit global warming. But just now how much warmer itwill get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions.3.5℃This is how much temperatures would rise by 2100 even if nations live up to theinitial Paris promises to reduce carbon emissions; this rise could still putcoastal cities under water and drive over half of all species to extinction.2℃To meet this minimum goal, the Agreement requires countries to tighten emissionstargets every five years. Even this increase could sink some islands, worsedrought(干旱) and drive a decline of up to a third in the number of species.1.5℃This is the most ambitious goal for temperature rise set by the Paris Agreement, after a push by low-lying island nations like Kiribati, which say limiting temperature rise to 1.5℃ could save them from sinking.0.8℃This is how much temperatures have risen since the industrial age began, putting us 40% of the way to the 2℃ point.0℃The baseline here is average global temperature before the start of the industrial age.70. It can be concluded from paragraph 1 that _______.A. the problem of global warming will have been quite solved by 2020B. gas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countriesC. the Paris Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto ProtocolD. humans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming71. If nations could only keep the initial promises of the Paris Agreement, what would happen by the year 2100?A. The human population would increase by one third.B. Little over 50% of all species would still exist.C. Nations would not need to tighten their emissions targets.D. The Agreement’s minimum goal would not be reached.72. If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive, the maximum temperature rise, since the start of the industrial age, should be_______.A. 0.8℃B. 1.5℃C. 2℃D. 3.5℃(C)Enough “meaningless drivel”. That’s the message from a group of members of the UK government who have been examining how social media firms like LinkedIn gather and use social media data. The House of Commons Scien ce and Technology Committee’s report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions.“The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to is meaningless drivel to anyone,” says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through how we make that work in practice,” says Miller.Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would,” says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies op en data. “We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.” But what would happen in practice is another matter, he says.Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. “We still don’t know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years’ time,” he says.Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we do n’t know how companies will use our data because their business models and use s of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal information have bec ome valuable only recently, he says.The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don’t expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the current situation isn’t working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Although they would still have to actually read them.73. What does the phrase “ meaningless drivel” in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to?A. Legal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to.B. Warnings from the UK government against unsafe websites.C. Guidelines on how to use social media websites properly.D. Insignificant data collected by social media firms.74. It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether _______.A. social media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark schemeB. people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they thinkC. a kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scaleD. the kitemark would help companies develop their business models75. Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banks mainly because _______.A. their users consist largely of kids under 20 years oldB. the language in their contracts is usually harder to understandC. the information they collected could become more valuable in futureD. it remains unknown how users’ data will be taken advantage of76. The writer advises users of social media to _______.A. think carefully before posting anything onto such websitesB. read the terms and conditions even if there is a kitemarkC. take no further action if they can find a kitemarkD. avoid providing too much personal information77. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. Say no to social media?B. New security rules in operation?C. Accept without reading?D. Administration matters!Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed to reduce congestion(拥堵) at some of the country’s busiest stations.In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity(容量) at the height of the rush hour.A six-month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid-April, eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left. The move, imitating a similar structure in Far Eastern cities such as Hong Kong, is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the busiest times . it could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years.According to London Underground, only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators, leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the “standing “side.A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any one time of could be raised by almost a third. Peter McNaught, operations director at London Underground, said: “It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still, but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true. This new six-month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term.”Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4 high. Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up—meaning only one side was used at all times. Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking.The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2,500 people between 8:30am and 9:30am on a typical day, rising to 3,250 during the researching period.In the new trial, which will be launched from April 18, one of three “up”escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times. A thirdwill remain a mix of walking and standing.(Note: Answering the questions the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left?79. What did last year’s three-week trial at Holborn station prove?80.The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are at least _________ in height.81. In the new trail, in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours, the other “up” escalators will be used for_________________.第II卷(共47分)I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。
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2017上海语文高考试卷一知识积累与语言运用10分1.根据要求填写诗句。
(按题记分，一共6分)(1)李商隐在《夜雨寄北》一诗中想象别后重逢时情景的诗句：何当共剪西窗烛，却话巴山夜雨时。
(2)荀子的《劝学》开篇就提出了全文的中心论点，即“学不可以已”。
(3)白居易的《琵琶行》中运用比喻，由琴声想到珠玉声的诗句是：“嘈嘈切切错杂弹，大珠小珠落玉盘。
”(4)“吴宫花草埋幽径，晋代衣冠成古丘。
”是李白在《登金陵凤凰台》一诗中的名句。
2.根据要求选择正确的答案。
(1)填入下面文段空白处的词语，最恰当的一组是(C)(2分)道家意境有两种基本形态：一种是物我不分的意境。
庄子说：“万物与我为一。
”在道家那里，真正有一种澄心观物的超越的态度，①物与我、人与自然也真正地融为一体了。
②儒家凸显主体(我)的地位，③在儒家那里，人与自然的关系是单向的;④道家则是淡化主体(我)的地位，在道家这里，人与自然的关系是双向对话和交流的关系。
另一种是无我意境。
道家贵无，在他们看来，既无本体，也无主体;既无物，又无我。
⑤在艺术中，⑥衍生出无我意境来了。
陈来先生说，庄子、陶渊明体现了无我之境。
蔡报文先生也说：“‘无我之境’就是‘庄学之意境’。
”此类意境属老生常谈，故不举例。
总之，陶渊明、李白等人的诗境是道家意境的杰出代表，山水诗、玄言诗、山水画中亦多有道家意境。
(2)下列交际用语使用得体的一项是(D)(2分)A.阁下亲自莅临指导，我倍感尊贵。
B.小明，要多向老师同学不耻下问，这样学习才能提高。
C.老李，家母古稀之庆，我特来恭贺!D.张兄，奉上拙著一本，敬请斧正。
二阅读与鉴赏70分(一) 阅读下文，完成第3-8题。
(17分)给“直升机父母”的七条忠告南桥①农村留守儿童问题近年社会关注不少。
这些孩子父母远游，其教育“营养不良”。
城市中产家庭的儿童，则存在教育“营养过剩”。
父母、祖父母、外祖父母、家教和保姆组成的庞大阵营，带着浓厚的焦虑和期待，如同大山一样压在孩子身上，童年就这样压碎了。
这个问题有一定的世界性。
泰迪·韦恩在《纽约时报国际生活》中称，现在有不少夫妻不愿意要孩子，其中原因之一是养育负担太大。
有的家长特别害怕被拉入其他妈妈的团体，害怕游乐场和日托中心的交际，以及那些没完没了的活动和课程——如今这些活动和课程是中上层阶级养育子女的常规内容。
是不是所有的父母都必须陷入这种疯狂呢?其实过了头的养育，才是今日教育焦虑的一大根源。
②儿童发展研究者曾提出“直升机父母”一说。
③前斯坦福大学新生管理处主任、哈佛大学法学博士朱莉·莉斯考特-海姆斯博士，写了《如何养育成人：打破过度养育陷阱，成功养大孩子》一书，力陈“过度养育”的弊病。
过度养育是指孩子力所能及或是可以学着做的事，父母都去代劳。
例如，小孩打闹，大人帮助协调解决。
去什么地方，家长都不放心，要亲自接送。
“我们就像对待珍稀花草一样对待孩子，在照料上不厌精细，一见风吹草动，怀疑孩子可能受到打击，便冲上去保护。
”④过度养育会损害孩子的能力、韧性、快乐和自我意识。
如果说家长、孩子、家教是生产者的话，大学、用人单位、未来配偶，则是消费者。
海姆斯多年接触刚脱离父母的大学新生。
若这些新生成长中“养育过度”，其行为会立竿见影地显露出来。
海姆斯自己接待新生的时候，有的新生话都不会说，而是父母在边上代劳。
⑤过度养育的后果，会往后延续多年。
在日后就业上，被呵护过度的孩子，遇到用人单位，更会问题多多。
2005年，一个名叫理查德的常青藤学校毕业生在华尔街某投资银行就职，年薪25万。
他的工作时间很长，很辛苦，妈妈心痛，想方设法找到小伙子老板的电话，跟他抱怨。
次日小伙子上班时候，在电梯口就进不去了，保安把他的东西装在一个纸盒子上拿过来，让他走人，纸盒子上写着：“问你妈妈去。
”这个老板或许不应该用这种恶劣的方式处理问题，但小伙子妈妈的做法颇让人厌烦。
儿子都工作了，还大事小事来插手，恐怕哪个雇主都难以接受。
⑥在婚姻家庭问题上，《圣经》上告诫男女成人之后，要离开父母，和配偶结合，成为一体。
失败婚姻则是一方甚至双方无法割断和原家庭的脐带，任由父母控制。
2016年初北大一位教授，和银监会一位美女处长闹出离婚大战，在网上传得沸沸扬扬。
双方父母互向孩子配偶单位写控告信。
两个功成名就的当事人，在婚姻家庭的纠纷中，却离不开父母的控制，外人看了纳闷，可在我们这个“可怜天下父母心”声音极高的国度，这种事实在寻常。
⑦看完此书，我总结过度养育有七宗罪：(1)只给东西不练能力。
(2)(3)(4)只重视学习和升学。
(5)(6)(7)不听专家意见。
⑧针对这七宗罪，不妨建议如下：⑨第一，要放权授能而不是微观管理。
在企事业单位，大家可能都知道经理人对于员工的管理，一种叫授能是给员工自主权，让他们自行决定工作方式，承担相应风险，此间除了完成工作之外，员工能力、积极性得到提升。
另外一种管理，是微观管理，抓西瓜也抓芝麻，事必躬亲，员工得不到合理训练，能力不升反降，管理者本人也累。
这种领导是无能的领导。
家庭也是社会组织，运作上不无类似。
大事小事事必躬亲的家长，是无能的家长。
⑩第二，适度“放养”，教会孩子如何和陌生人说话，而不是“不要和陌生人说话”。
问题是孩子成年后会接触一个又一个陌生人，不是所有陌生人都危险的。
有危险的陌生人，不与其说话不一定就能解除危险，不如教会孩子如何应对。
⑪第三，学会延迟满足，让孩子吃苦吃亏。
过分强调要给孩子瞬间满足，不能刺激他们的心灵。
父母都把孩子当成了纸糊的泥捏的，受不起一点打击。
为了鼓励、夸奖他们，让他们瞬间满足则不惜代价。
得让孩子吃点苦，吃点亏，这样他们会成长得更皮实些。
⑫第四，不要参与恐怖的“升学军备竞赛”。
父母为了孩子成功，每一步都跟着扶持：帮孩子选课，选容易得A 的课程，帮孩子做作业、写文章等。
在中国不要说上大学了，就是找幼儿园、小升初的过程，都是家长在血战。
其实正规教育没有这么重要，本书说的原生家庭中的家教对人的成长更为重要。
⑬第五，让孩子根据不同年龄的能力，学着做家务。
由于过度强调孩子的学习，强调培养孩子的自信，一些日常、琐碎的事情，比如家务，都是家长代劳。
孩子日后进入社会，毫无准备。
不会做这些都还事小，关键是孩子没有父母陪伴的时候，要会安全、高效地做事。
劳动给人带来快乐，完成任务且能帮助他人，也会带来荣誉、自豪和团队归属感。
有家教的人家，无论中外，都会蓄意在这方面训练。
⑭第六，让小孩渐渐自己拿主意，自己解决问题。
家长应该训练小孩在做事、办事上，逐渐独立自主。
家长让小孩自己思考，不要过早给答案，学一点“苏格拉底式询问”和批判性思维方法。
⑮第七，多听专家的，而不是周围婆婆妈妈的。
比如和有类似想法的家长形成一个社区;和配偶达成共识。
建议大家去关注一些相关专家，不要看微信上水平和自己差不多的人的文章。
一些作者为了寻求更多关注，有强烈的媚俗倾向。
多去看看真正的专家学者怎么说，可以改变我们的很多错误观念。
⑯人类总要经历些风吹日晒，否则无法应对日后更大的风浪。
现在“直升机父母”说法都过时了。
父母中新的品种叫“无人机父母”。
他们平时看不到，却通过短信、微信，隐形地在遥控。
一旦孩子有丁点问题，他们立刻抵达现场，“危难之处显身手”。
还有一个新说法，叫“割草机父母”，说这种父母，在前面给孩子清道，什么杂草和石子都不留下，让孩子的路平平坦坦。
小孩的路，都是家长给铺好了，哪还需要他们去走出来?(选自2016年12月10日《南方周末》，有删改)3.第②段画线的词语“直升机父母”在文中是指那些过度养育未成年或已经成年的孩子的父母。
(2分)4.对第①段内容，下列分析不正确的一项是(D)。
(2分)A.文中提到农村留守儿童问题，是为了引出城市中产家庭的儿童教育存在“营养过剩”。
B.“童年就这样压碎了”一句中“这样”指代的是家庭成员的阵营庞大，家长的焦虑和期待沉重。
C.教育“营养过剩”问题不仅仅是在中国存在，而且有一定的世界性。
D.根据泰迪·韦恩的说法，现在有不少夫妻不愿意要孩子，根本原因是养育负担太大。
5.根据文章③—⑥段的内容，概括“过度养育”的危害。
(2分)参考答案：这种过度养育会损害孩子的能力、韧性、快乐和自我意识，也影响他们往后的就业和婚姻。
6. 以下对文章的分析不恰当的一项是(D)。
(2分)A.第①②段提出文章讨论的对象，总领全文。
B.第③至⑦段着重阐述了过度养育的危害。
C.第⑧至⑮段提出了针对上文的七条建议。
D.第⑯段继“直升机父母”又提出了“无人机父母”、“割草机父母”，他们名称不一样，性质也不一样。
7.根据文章提到的七条忠告，填写表格(4分)参考答案：(大意相同即可)(2)圈养着不让其经风雨。
(3)过分强调瞬间满足。
(5)不组织孩子从事家务和劳动.(6)代替孩子思考。
8.下面有一段小学生和妈妈的对话，结合文章的观点，对妈妈的态度加以评析。
(不超过80字)(4分)妈妈：今天上学怎么样?孩子：还好，可是我把书包忘到学校了。
我怎么办?妈妈：你觉得该怎么办呢?孩子：妈妈，你能不能开车带我回学校去拿?妈妈：对不起，不行。
我下午还有别的事。
你觉得可以怎么解决呢?孩子：我可以打电话问同学，问作业是什么?妈妈：可以。
孩子：可是我需要的东西可能在书包里。
或许我可以发邮件给老师，告诉她我忘了，问她怎么说。
妈妈：也可以。
按你自己的想法，然后试着自己解决看。
参考答案：言之成理即可。
采薇老师按：这里命题老师偷懒了。
或者评卷组放水了。
按照高考的标准，回答这样的题目，不可能“言之成理即可”。
回答这样的题目，首先需要对语段中妈妈的态度作出分析和总结，这样可以得到1分;其次需要回到题目的文本中去，结合这些文本中提出的观点作出评判，这样可以再得到1分;最后，需要在上述两点的基础上，给出你的观点，并拿出依据，这样可以得到2分。
这叫依据采分点给分，考察的是学生的批判性思维能力。
《南方周末》刊载的原文中，这段对话之后，原作者说：“我就这两个问题在网上提问，看读者会选哪一个。
很多读者都选第二种，后者鼓励小孩想办法解决问题，另外养成不依赖家长给自己收拾的好习惯。
实际生活中，很多人做第一种，这样更简便。
”如果在试卷中只作这样的回答，大概只能拿到1分。
所以我们的同学一定要知道，考试有自己的规则，你也可以叫它“套路”。
要按这个“套路”来。
(二) 阅读下文，完成第9-12题。
(15分)九月初九木心①中国的“人”和中国的“自然”，从《诗经》起，历楚汉辞赋唐宋诗词，连绾表现着平等参透的关系，乐其乐亦宣泄于自然，忧其忧亦投诉于自然。
在所谓“三百篇”中，几乎都要先称植物动物之名义，才能开诚咏言;说是有内在的联系，更多的是不相干地相干着。
学士们只会用“比”、“兴”来囫囵解释，不问问何以中国人就这样不涉卉木虫鸟之类就启不了口作不成诗，《楚辞》又是通体苍翠馥郁，作者似乎是巢居穴处的，穿的也自然不是纺织品，汉赋好大喜功，把金、木、水、火边旁的字罗列殆尽，再加上禽兽鳞介的谱系，仿佛是在对“自然”说：“知尔甚深。