中考英语专题讲练系列——原词重现(解析版)
原词重现知识精讲原词重现是指填空处的正确选项在上下文相关语境中曾经出现过。
此种题型通常有两种：第一种是近距离重复，即：在填空处的同一句话内或前后句中重现，这类题型难度最低，最易得分；第二种是远距离重复，即：通常是指填空处在跨段落的位置先后出现，此类题难度稍高。
掌握了这样的原则，对于某些难题，同学们要习惯先易后难的解题策略。
某些局部的难题如果放到整篇文章范围内考虑，难度就可能降低。
三点剖析易错点：对于原词重现的考查本身不难，但同学们容易犯主观臆断的错误，即未反复读文本，便草率的在选项中选出了自己认为合理的选项。
所以，对于此类题目，建议同学们一定要联系上下文，寻找真正符合文章的正确答案。
题模精选题模一：近距离重现例1.1.1All his life George loved _________. When he was only seven years old, he already knew so much about plants that people in his hometown called him “the plant doctor”.A．animals B．plantsC．buildings D．photos例1.1.2The Japanese Macaca monkey has been studied in the wild for over 50 years. In 1952, on one small Japanese island, scientists dropped some _________ made dirt for the monkeys. The monkeys liked their taste, but they found the dirt terrible. One clever 18-month-old monkey found he could solve the problem by washing the sweet potatoes in a nearby river.A．sweet potatoes B．green plantsC．hard stones D．fresh nuts题模二：远距离重现例1.2.1Three days later. Carmen got new glasses and instructions from her doctor. "All of the kids will think I'm silly.” Carmen said. Her mother smiled and shook her head. "You look just as beautiful as before, she said. But Carmen didn't believe her.The next day, Carmen kept the _________ in her pocket as she walked into the schoolyard. She stood alone away from her friends, feeling unhappy.A．ring B．keysC．book D．glasses例1.2.2“Thanks. Don’t worry, I’m quite all right now,” he said, smiling at me with a pair of bright eyes.“May I walk with you?” I asked and so began my friendship with Mr. Burns, a man whose _________ and warmth very soon came to mean a great deal to me.A．smile B．luckC．welcome D．hope随堂练习随练1.1It was the beginning of a new term. As a____1____teacher in that school, I didn’t know any of the students. A．little girl was standing at the gate of the classroom. She looked very shy.I walked up to her and____2____why she stood there. But she said nothing. Thena boy shouted, “She is from Grade Four, the worst student in her grade.” I looked at the little girl. She didn’t seem to be the smart kind. I____3____why her teacher asked her to stay in Grade Three. I took her hand and____4____her into the classroom.“Sit here. Now you are my student and I’m your teacher,” I said. She still said nothing, but suddenly began to cry.I later learnt that her parents died in a car accident. She became sad and didn’t like talking to others after that.She learnt very____5____. I gave her respect and never looked down upon her as I know everybody deserves respect. I helped her after school, and she was making____6____ little by little. As time went by, she was not as____7____ as before. At the end of the term, she seemed to have forgotten all her sadness. She was not among the best students when she left that school, but____8____, she was not that shy and sad little girl any more.In the following____9____, she would send me a card on each Thanksgiving Day. Three days ago, I____10____ an invitation to her wedding. And now, I am at her wedding, and she is smiling brightly.Everyone deserves respect and everyone can be happy.随练1.2Last week, students at Rosie Bridge School worked hard to make their English Week very successful.There ____1____ a lot of activities including an English book fair in the library and a treasure hunt. ____2____ students put on an English play. Other students ____3____ an English singing competition.A．speaking competition was also ____4____. The students had to speak on a topic in English ____5____ two minutes.Henry was the winner and we spoke to him. “I’ m so happy that I ____6____,”he said. “I advise people to speak slowly. ____7____ they want to be good public speakers, they’d better speak clearly and ____8____.”We also spoke to several other students about English Week. One of ____9____ was Amy.“I really enjoyed English Week. It gave me a chance to learn new ____10____. In my opinion, every school should have an English Week. It’s well ____11____ doing,”she said.On the last day of English Week, the head teacher gave a ____12____ to the whole school. He gave students some suggestions on ____13____ to improve their English. “You should communicate in English with your friends whenever you ____14____. You should read English books and magazines, and watch English television ____15____. Above all, you should enjoy English!” he said.随练1.3I sat with my friend in a well-known coffee shop in a neighboring town of Venice. As we ____1____ our coffee, a man came in and sat at a(n) ____2____ table beside us. He called the waiter and placed his ____3____ saying, “Two cups of coffee, one of them there on the wall”. We ____4____ this order with rather interest and observed that he was ____5____ with one cup of coffee but he paid for two. As soon as he left, the waiter ____6____ a piece of paper on the wall saying “A．Cup of Coffee”.While we were still there, two other men ____7____ and ordered three cups of coffee, two on the table and one on the wall. They had two cups of coffee but ____8____ for three and left. This time also, the ____9____ did the same; he put up a piece of paper on the wall saying, “A．cup of coffee.” It seemed that this gesture was a ____10____ at this place. ____11____ , it was something unique and puzzling for us. Since we had ____12____ to do with the matter, we ____13____ our coffee, paidthe bill and left.After a few days, we again had a(n) ____14____ to go to this coffee shop. While we were enjoying our coffee, a man walked in. The way this man was dressed did not ____15____ the standard nor the atmosphere of this coffee shop. Poverty was ____16____ from the looks on his face. ____17____ he seated himself, he looked at the wall and said, “One cup of coffee from the ____18____ .” The waiter served coffee to this man with ____19____ and dignity. The man had his coffee and left without paying. We were amazed to watch all this when the waiter ____20____ a piece of paper from the wall and threw it into the dustbin.原词重现题模精选题模一：近距离重现例1.1.1【答案】B【解析】考查了原词重现。
2024年中考英语专项讲义附练习冠词讲义(含答案)
冠词讲义2024年中考英语专项讲义附练习[考点预知]( )1. ______Great Wall is ______longest wall in the world .The, the B. A, a C. A , the D. The , a( ) 2. Who’s ______woman over there/ B. the C. a D. an( )3. Shanghai is in ______east of China .B. anC. aD. the( )4. I can see a little white sheep in the field . ______sheep is Nancy’s .A. AB. TheC. AnD. /( )5. ______old lady in brown is ______university professor .A. An , aB. A, /C. The , anD. The , a( )6. More college graduates would like to work in ______best part of our country ______next year .A. the, theB. /, theC. /,/D. the , /( )7. The scientist from ______Unites States live in ______Ninth Street .A. the, theB. /, theC. /,/D. the, /( )8. There is ______report in today’s newspapers . It’s about t he International Film Festival , Shanghai .A. aB. anC. theD. /( )9. They will have ______meeting in ______that room .A. the, theB. a,/C. /,aD. /,/( )10. My grandpa used to have ______walk in the garden after ______supper .A. a, aB. /,aC. a, /D. /,/[知识点讲解]I、不定冠词a和an一、a和an用在可数名词单数前，我们要注意的是，a用在辅音开头的名词前；an用在元音开头的名词前面。
中考英语专题讲练名词所有格(解析版)
中考英语专题(Ti)讲练名词所有格(解析版)名词的所有格主(Zhu)要是用来表示名词与名词之间的一种所属关系的，它的中文意思为( Wei)“……的(De)”。
名(Ming)词的所有格有两种形式：’s所有(You)格和(He)of所(Suo)有格。
二、’s所有格用法举例一般情况下在名词词尾加’s Dick’s car 迪克的汽车以-s或-es结尾的复数名词在名词词尾加’students’ books学生们的书用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系，只在最后的一个名词后加’s；但在各自拥有时两个名词都在词尾加’s表示所有This is Mary and her sister’s bedroom. 这是玛丽和她姐姐的。
There are Tom’s and Mary’s bags.这些是Tom和Mary的包。
表示时间，距离，价格Have you read today’s newspaper?你看今天的报纸了吗？We are going to have a six weeks’ summervacation.我们将有一个为期六周的暑假。
It’s only half an hour’s drive from here tothenearest hospital.从这里最近的医院开车仅有半个小时的路程。
I bought 50 dollars’ worth of books.我买了价值50 美元的书。
名词所有格知识精讲三(San)、of所有(You)格“of+名(Ming)词(Ci)”一般用来表示无生命的物体间的所属关(Guan)系，如：the color of the window窗(Chuang)户的颜色the brake of thebicycle自行车(Che)闸the frame of the photo相(Xiang)框the title of thearticle文章标题注意：在许多情况下，表示人、动物、集体、时间、机构、组织等的名词都可以用of所有格代替’s所有格。
中考英语专题讲练：合成法和派生法(解析版)
中考英语专题讲练：合成法和派生法(解析版)合成法和派生法知识精讲语言是随着人类社会的不断发展而发展的。
一些旧词的过时意味着需要人们创造出一些新的词，而新词的产生，也大体上服从一定规则，有其规律可循。
语言的这种“弃旧创新”不断完善和发展的过程体现出的就是一种规律——构词法（word-formation）英语的构词法主要有: 派生法，合成法，转化法，缩略法，混成法等，以前四种为主要。
一、派生法在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。
1. 单词前缀单词前缀有一定含义，一定程度上决定单词方向，左右单词的意义，是最常见的造词手段之complete（完全的）incomplete（不完全的）dependent（需要依靠的）independent（独立的）regular（规则的）irregular（不规则的）removable（可移动的）irremovable（不可移动的）2). 动词前加“dis-”表示相反的意思。
如：like（喜欢）dislike（不喜欢）cover（覆盖）discover（发现）agree（同意）disagree（不同意）3). 动词前加“mis-”表示“弄错”的意思。
如：count（数数）miscount（数错）take（带走）mistake（错误）hear（听到）mishear（听错）4). 动词前加“re-”表示“重做”的意思。
如：write（写）rewrite（重写）tell（告诉）retell（重述）open（打开）reopen（再次打开）call（召唤）recall（唤起）build（建造）rebuild（重建）5). 名词前加“tele-”表示“远距离”的意思。
如：phone（电话,听筒）telephone（电话）vision（视力）television（电视）scope （范围） telescope （望远镜）2. 单词后缀单词后缀通常没有含义，只决定单词词性，常见的后缀有：后缀 词性 举例1.–ty 名词 density, ability2. -age 名词 storage, usage3. -al, -ial名词removal,propo sal4. -ance, -ence, -ancy, -ency名词importance,frequ ency5. -ant, -ent名词或形容词president, impor tant7. –er, -or名词（reader, comp……人）uter8. -th 名词length, width9. -ics名词（学科）electronics,physic s10. -sion, -tion 名词 construction,divisi on11. –ist 名词（……人）physicist, scienti st12. -ment 名词 movement,develo pment13. –ness 名词 hardness,useful ness14.-ful 形容词 useful,succes sful15. -able 形容词 countable,suitab le16. -ic, -ical 形容词 metallic,politic (al)17. -ive 形容词 active,produ ctive18. -less 形容词（否定）useless, limitle ss19. -y 形容词muddy, watery20. -fy 动词amplify,classify21. –ize 动词mechanize,organize22. –ate 动词create,illustrate23. -ly 副词slowly, possibly二、合成法将两个或两个以上的词结合成一个新词的方法称作合成法，用这种方法构成的词叫合成词。
第11讲 主谓一致(讲义)-2024年中考英语一轮复习讲练测(全国通用)(解析版)
►第11讲主谓一致（讲义）目录一复习目标掌握目标及备考方向二考情分析2023年中考主谓一致考情分析三网络构建知识点头脑风暴四名词考向1.主谓一致的原则2.主谓一致的应用3.提升必考题型归纳五真题感悟主谓一致经典考题【复习目标】1.掌握主谓一致的原则2.掌握主谓一致的应用【考情分析】主谓一致题型命题规律【网络构建】主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》对主谓一致仅要求理解。
近3年，主谓一致在中考英语试题主要集中在用动词适当形式填空、句型转换、汉译英、单项选择、完形填空及其它类型的填空题中都出现主谓搭配的试题，解答任务型阅读以及书面表达题型时，学生就必须考虑主谓一致。
因此，考生必须掌握主谓一致。
在学习过程中，要掌握主谓一致的基本用法及常见搭配。
近几年，主谓一致与时态、语态综合考查成为命题的方向。
考向一主谓一致的原则1.语法一致原则主要指语法形式上一致，即谓语动词必须在人称和数的形式上与主语保持一致，这一原则多适用于句子主语是名词或代词的情况。
➢He is a famous singer.➢The boys who are playing the guitar are my cousins.➢Life is full of the unexpected.➢ A sad movie makes me cry.➢Their mother cooks breakfast for them every morning.2.意义一致原则以主语表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单、复数。
这一原则多适用于句中主语为集体名词、“the+形容词/v-ed/v-ing”、以-s结尾的名词、what-从句；由and或both...and连接的并列主语；主语为时间、度量、价值、数目等意义的词语、某些不定代词、what、which、who等。
2023年上海中考英语热点重难点专练重难点14 首字母填空解题技巧(解析版)
重难点14 首字母填空解题技巧（解析版）（建议用时：30分钟）上海市五年中考试卷首字母填空考查要点统计发现考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这几大词类。
1.跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。
2.复读短文，确定语义，判断句子成分。
3.判断空格单词在句子成分里的词性，缩小范围。
4.联系上下文，找关键信息推测出答案。
5.通读短文，检查答案。
注意时态，语法，以及词性等问题。
一、短文首字母填空在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。
I’m not normally a lucky person, but I entered a competition last month to win tickets for a rugby match at Twickenham. Two weeks ago, I was finishing my homework when my phone rang. I was one of the competition w___1___. No way! I couldn’t believe it! A few days later, I was sitting on a train with my dad. We were on our way to London.When we arrived, I was amazed. I knew Twickenham was the largest rugby stadium in the world, but it’sh___2___-there’s enough room for 8,200 supporters. At the entrance we met Martin-our guide for the day. He showed us around the stadium and the museum. We learnt that the stadium is over 100 years old.Before there was a stadium there, people g___3___ cabbages on the land, so it’s also known as “the Cabbage Patch”.Next, Martin took us to our seats and the view was amazing. While we were waiting for the match to start, a band started playing and a group of dancers appeared. At 2:30, the match started. There are several different ways of getting points in rugby, so it’s a___4___ exciting to watch. After 40 minutes, it was half-time. The Australians were playing really well and they were winning 13-6. The England coach didn’t look p___5___. His team was losing by 7 points.England began the second half well. Then Dad grabbed my arm and pointed at one of the England players. He was running with the ball and the Australians were trying to s___6___him. He scored and the crowd went crazy! At full-time, England beat Australia 20-13. I was really happy!From that moment, I knew I wanted to play rugby, but there’s only a boys’ team at my school. With my dad’s help, I found a girls’ team nearby and next week I will begin rugby training. My friends Ali and Matt think I’m mad, but I think they are old-fashioned. More and more w___7___ are beginning to take up sports like rugby, football and golf. Who knows? Maybe one day I’ll play for England at Twickenham.【答案】1．(w)inners2．(h)uge3．(g)rew4．(a)lways5．(p)leased6．(s)top7．(w)omen【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者因为参加一场球赛而奠定了自己也想打橄榄球的决心。
2024年九年级中考英语一轮复习形容词副词原级比较级最高级中考高频考点总结(讲义)
2024届九年级中考英语一轮复习【语法专题】形容词副词原级、比较级、最高级中考高频考点总结（讲义）九年级英语教研室整理（1）形容词、副词原级的用法①“…甲+be+as＋形容词原级＋as＋乙…甲+动词+as+副词原级+as+乙表示“甲与乙在……方面程度相同”。
如： My best friend is as tall as her mother.我最好的朋友和她妈妈一样高。
Mary runs as slowly as Lucy.玛丽和露西跑得一样慢。
特别注意当as…as…前面是be动词时，as…as中间用形容词原级。
当as…as…的前面是动词时，as…as中间用副词原级。
②“甲＋be＋not＋as/so＋形容词原级＋as＋乙甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲在某方面不如乙…”。
如： This red skirt is not so beautiful as that blue one.这条红色的裙子不如那条蓝色的漂亮。
He doesn't do homework as carefully as Jim.他做作业没有吉姆那么认真。
③表示…有多长（宽、高、深等）用基数词+度量单位+形容词The Yellow River is 5，464 kilometers long.黄河有5，464千米长。
（2）形容词、副词比较级的用法①比…长（宽，高等）多少倍…基数词+times +比较级+than…如：Our school is three times bigger than theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。
是…的几倍…基数词+times as+形容词或副词原级+as…如：Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。
②用原级形式表示比较级意思。
“甲＋be＋not＋as/so＋形容词原级＋as＋乙”表示“甲在某方面不如乙…”。
中考英语专题讲练原词重现(含解析)
原词重现知识精讲原词重现是指填空处的正确选项在上下文相关语境中曾经出现过。
此种题型通常有两种：第一种是近距离重复，即：在填空处的同一句话内或前后句中重现，这类题型难度最低，最易得分；第二种是远距离重复，即：通常是指填空处在跨段落的位置先后出现，此类题难度稍高。
掌握了这样的原则，对于某些难题，同学们要习惯先易后难的解题策略。
某些局部的难题如果放到整篇文章范围内考虑，难度就可能降低。
三点剖析易错点：对于原词重现的考查本身不难，但同学们容易犯主观臆断的错误，即未反复读文本，便草率的在选项中选出了自己认为合理的选项。
所以，对于此类题目，建议同学们一定要联系上下文，寻找真正符合文章的正确答案。
题模精选题模一：近距离重现例1.1.1All his life George loved _________. When he was only seven years old, healready knew so much about plants that people in his hometown called him “the plant doctor”.A．animals B．plantsC．buildings D．photos例1.1.2The Japanese Macaca monkey has been studied in the wild for over 50 years. In 1952, on one small Japanese island, scientists dropped some _________ made dirt for the monkeys. The monkeys liked their taste, but they found the dirt terrible. One clever 18-month-old monkey found he could solve the problem by washing the sweet potatoes in a nearby river.A．sweet potatoes B．green plantsC．hard stones D．fresh nuts题模二：远距离重现例1.2.1Three days later. Carmen got new glasses and instructions from her doctor. "All of the kids will think I'm silly.” Carmen said. Her mother smiled and shook her head. "You look just as beautiful as before, she said. But Carmen didn't believe her.The next day, Carmen kept the _________ in her pocket as she walked into the schoolyard. She stood alone away from her friends, feeling unhappy.A．ring B．keysC．book D．glasses例1.2.2“Thanks. Don’t worry, I’m quite all right now,” he said, smiling at me with a pair of bright eyes.“May I walk with you?” I asked and so began my friendship with Mr. Burns, a man whose _________ and warmth very soon came to mean a great deal to me.A．smile B．luckC．welcome D．hope随堂练习随练1.1It was the beginning of a new term. As a____1____teacher in that school, I didn’t know any of the students. A．little girl was standing at the gate of the classroom. She looked very shy.I walked up to her and____2____why she stood there. But she said nothing. Thena boy shouted, “She is from Grade Four, the worst student in her grade.” I looked at the little girl. She didn’t seem to be the smart kind. I____3____why her teacher asked her to stay in Grade Three. I took her hand and____4____her into the classroom.“Sit here. Now you are my student and I’m your teacher,” I said. She still said nothing, but suddenly began to cry.I later learnt that her parents died in a car accident. She became sad and didn’t like talking to others after that.She learnt very____5____. I gave her respect and never looked down upon her as I know everybody deserves respect. I helped her after school, and she was making____6____ little by little. As time went by, she was not as____7____ as before. At the end of the term, she seemed to have forgotten all her sadness. She was not among the best students when she left that school, but____8____, she was not that shy and sad little girl any more.In the following____9____, she would send me a card on each Thanksgiving Day. Three days ago, I____10____ an invitation to her wedding. And now, I am at her wedding, and she is smiling brightly.Everyone deserves respect and everyone can be happy.随练1.2Last week, students at Rosie Bridge School worked hard to make their English Week very successful.There ____1____ a lot of activities including an English book fair in the library and a treasure hunt. ____2____ students put on an English play. Other students ____3____ an English singing competition.A．speaking competition was also ____4____. The students had to speak on a topic in English ____5____ two minutes.Henry was the winner and we spoke to him. “I’ m so happy that I ____6____,”he said. “I advise people to speak slowly. ____7____ they want to be good publicspeakers, they’d better speak clearly and ____8____.”We also spoke to several other students about English Week. One of ____9____ was Amy.“I really enjoyed English Week. It gave me a chance to learn new ____10____. In my opinion, every school should have an English Week. It’s well ____11____ doing,”she said.On the last day of English Week, the head teacher gave a ____12____ to the whole school. He gave students some suggestions on ____13____ to improve their English. “You should communicate in English with your friends whenever you ____14____. You should read English books and magazines, and watch English television ____15____. Above all, you should enjoy English!” he said.随练1.3I sat with my friend in a well-known coffee shop in a neighboring town of Venice. As we ____1____ our coffee, a man came in and sat at a(n) ____2____ table beside us. He called the waiter and placed his ____3____ saying, “Two cups of coffee, one of them there on the wall”. We ____4____ this order with rather interest and observed that he was ____5____ with one cup of coffee but he paid for two. As soon as he left, the waiter ____6____ a piece of paper on the wall saying “A．Cup of Coffee”.While we were still there, two other men ____7____ and ordered three cups of coffee, two on the table and one on the wall. They had two cups of coffee but ____8____ for three and left. This time also, the ____9____ did the same; he put up a pieceof paper on the wall saying, “A．cup of coffee.” It seemed that this gesture was a ____10____ at this place. ____11____ , it was something unique and puzzling for us. Since we had ____12____ to do with the matter, we ____13____ our coffee, paid the bill and left.After a few days, we again had a(n) ____14____ to go to this coffee shop. While we were enjoying our coffee, a man walked in. The way this man was dressed did not ____15____ the standard nor the atmosphere of this coffee shop. Poverty was ____16____ from the looks on his face. ____17____ he seated himself, he looked at the wall and said, “One cup of coffee from the ____18____ .” The waiter served coffee to this man with ____19____ and dignity. The man had his coffee and left without paying. We were amazed to watch all this when the waiter ____20____ a piece of paper from the wall and threw it into the dustbin.原词重现题模精选题模一：近距离重现例1.1.1【答案】B【解析】考查了原词重现。
中考英语专题讲练：形容词副词原级的用法(含解析)语法专项练习
形容词副词原级的用法形容词副词原级的用法知识精讲一、说明人或物自己的特点、性质或状态时用形容词原级。
如：The flowers in the garden are beautiful.花园里的花很美丽。
二、有副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时，用形容词原级。
如：The boy is too young.这个男孩太小了。
三、表示 A 和 B 在某方面程度同样或不一样时用形容词原级。
1.一定句中的构造：“ A+ as +形容词 / 副词原级 + as +B”，表示“ A 和 B 同样”。
如：English is as interesting as Chinese.英语和汉语同样风趣。
2.否认句中的构造：“ A+not+as /so +形容词/ 副词原级 +as +B”，表示“ A 不如B”。
如：The book isn ’t so new as that one.这本书不如那本书新。
3.表示“ A 是 B 的几倍”时，用“ A+ 倍数 +as + 形容词 / 副词原级 +as + B ”结构（一倍： once; 两倍： twice;三倍及以上：基数词+times ）。
如：Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们的学校是他们学校的三倍大。
4.half as +形容词/副词原级+as表示“ 是的一半”。
如：Her room is half as big as yours.她的房间是你房间的一半大。
三点分析增补点：否认句的构造中部分双音节和多音节形容词除使用“not as / so + 形容词/ 副词原级+ as ”构造外，还可使用“less+ 形容词/ 副词原级 +than ”构造。
如：He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.他以为汉语不如英语风趣。
题模优选题模一：形容词副词原级的用法例用形容词的适合形式填空。
中考英语专题讲练： 动词不定式(含解析)语法专项练习
动词不定式非谓语动词指的是在句中不能单独作谓语, 但保留动词的某些特征（如有自己的宾语或状语等）的动词形式。
非谓语包括动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词和动名词。
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化, 但要遵循基本的时态语态规则, 在句中充当各种成分。
一、动词不定式基本构成形式 结构 例句肯定形式to+动词原形The teacher asked his students to finish their homeworkon time.老师让学生们按时完成作业。
否定形式 not to+动词原形Aunt Li often tells her son not to eat too much sugar. 李阿姨经告诫她的儿子不要吃太多的糖。
被动形式 to+be+过去分词He would like to be treated as a child. 他喜欢被当成孩子般看待。
注意: 动词不定式在一些感官动词（see, watch, hear 等）或使役动词（make, let, have 等）的后面, 做宾补时, 通常会省略to, 如:动词不定式知识精讲The boss made me work ten hours a day.=I was made to work ten hours a day by the boss.这个老板让我一天工作十个小时。
二、动词不定式的语法功能动词不定式在句子中可充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语（即除谓语之外的各种成分）。
1.不定式作主语1).动词不定式短语作句子主语时，视为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数，如：To make work more efficient is our goal.让工作更有效率是我们的目标。
2).不定式短语作主语时, 为了考虑句子的平衡, 常用it作形式主语, 而将真正的不定式主语放在句子后面, 结构为: It+is/ was+adj.(+for sb.)+动词不定式, 如上一句话也可写成:It’s our goal to make work efficient.我们的目标是让工作更有效率。
专题三 冠词 中考英语一轮复习考点讲与练(解析版)
专题三冠词一、不定冠词1．（2023•闵行区一模）Everyone believes that David is ________ honest man and we all trust him.（）A．a B．an C．the D．/【分析】大家都相信大卫是个诚实的人，我们都信任他。
【解答】此处泛指"一个诚实的人"，honest是以元音音素开头，应填不定冠词an。
故选：B。
2．（2023•锦江区模拟）As ________ exchange student，Laura finds table manners seem to be the biggest challenge for her.（）A．a B．an C．the【分析】作为一名交换生，劳拉发现餐桌礼仪似乎是她最大的挑战。
【解答】根据"As ...exchange student，"可知，此处表示泛指一名交换生，用不定冠词，exchange是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an。
故选：B。
3．（2022•麒麟区校级模拟）Germany is European country and Korea is Asian country．（）A．an，an B．a，a C．a，an D．an，a【分析】德国是一个欧洲国家，韩国是一个亚洲国家。
【解答】本题考点是冠词的用法。
a/an不定冠词，有"一"的概念，表示泛指；a用在以辅音音素开头的词前；an用在以元音音素开头的词前。
the定冠词，表示特指。
第一次提到一个人或物时，通常用不定冠词；第二次再次提到这个人或物时，用the。
European（欧洲的）是以辅音音素开头的词，前面用a；Asian（亚洲的）是以元音音素开头的词，前面用an。
本题答案是C。
故选：C。
4．﹣﹣﹣How long did you spend getting to the museum？﹣﹣﹣I spent half ________ hour getting there by _____ bus．（）A．an；a B．an；/C．a；an D．a；/【分析】﹣﹣你花了多长时间去博物馆？﹣﹣我乘公共汽车到那里花了半个小时．【解答】答案：B．考查冠词．第一个空，half an hour半小时．hour是以元音音素/ˈaʊ/开头，用an修饰．第二个空，by+交通工具，中间不加冠词．故选：B。