新闻翻译
新闻原文及翻译 (5)
Scripts for the News Cited in This LectureNews item 1China's gross domestic product (GDP) expanded 6.8% during the first half of 2018 to 41.8961 trillion yuan, or some 6.27 trillion U.S. dollars. (CRI)2018年上半年，中国国内生产总值增长了6.8%，达到41.8961万亿元人民币，约合6.27万亿美元。
News item 2A tour boat turned over off the coast of Nicaragua, killing at least 13 people and leaving more passengers missing, officials said. (CET4)据官方表示，一艘观光船在尼加拉瓜的海岸附近翻了船，造成至少13人死亡，有更多的乘客失联。
News item 3The company spent the last five years developing solar panels that are only about a quarter of inch thick. (CET4)在过去的五年里，Colas公司一直致力于研发一种太阳能电池板，该板只有四分之一英寸厚。
News item 4Germany is out of the World Cup. The defending champions lost to South Korea 2-0 on Wednesday. (VOA Special)德国队无缘世界杯。
周三，这支卫冕冠军队以0：2输给韩国队。
New Item 5The area's average temperature for the month of July was 42.28 degrees Celsius. (VOA Special)该地区7月份的平均温度是42.28摄氏度。
翻译与文体--新闻英语翻译
翻译与文体——新闻英语翻译新闻英语（journalistic English）指英文报刊上常见的各类文章，体裁多样，有新闻报道、新闻特写、广告、公报、文艺作品、述评、访谈、学术介绍和争鸣……题材广泛，内容包罗万象。
限于篇幅，也因不存在一个统一的新闻报刊文体和为了便于陈述，本课所要讲的新闻英语主要指那些新闻性强的news report，news analysis, news features等。
新闻英语有以下文体特点：（一）词汇层面（1）新闻报道通常拥有自己的一些惯用词汇，或者叫做"新闻词语"，如story一词意思常常是news item或news report，而probe一词则指"（新闻）调查"，如中央电视台的一个重要栏目"新闻调查"即译为News Probe。
还有如cut表示reduction；bar表示prevent；curb表示restrain或control等等。
常见的其他例子还有：accord (give) ban (prohibition) bid (attempt) boost (rise, increase) clash抵触，不谐调(disagreement) deal交易，协议(business agreement) freeze稳定，冻结：使（如物价或工资）固定在一个既定或现行的标准上(stabilization) loom隐现(appear) blaze 强调燃烧强度并暗示发光的光辉(fire) comb彻底搜查(search) row 骚乱，吵嚷[rau] (violent argument) rap (to speak severely to, to blame, to punish) move提出议案：按国会的程序作出正式提议(plan, decision, suggestion) round (a series of action) shock (astonishment, blow) shun躲避：故意避开(to keep away from…) heist抢劫；偷窃(robbery) viable (workable) voice (express) operation An instance or a method of efficient, productive activity:有效率的经营方式(activities) pact合同, 公约, 协定(agreement) woo寻求以达到；尽力得到(to seek to win…，to persuade…) fake (counterfeit)这些常用的新闻词语一般都具有短小精悍的特点，这主要是由于使用短小的词语能够节省时间和篇幅并有利于抢发新闻的缘故。
新闻类文体的翻译
1.新闻的定义、分类、及常见体裁 2.新闻的文体结构 3.新闻的语言特点 4.新闻的翻译 5.练习
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Definition of News
• NEWS代表North（北）East（东） West（西）South（南）四个方向。寓 意NEWS能向国际四方发展，并有「新 信讯」的意味。
• News report of recent events
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Classification of News
• 按照事件的性质分类，新闻可分为“硬 新闻（hard news）和“软新闻” （soft news）两大类.硬新闻也就是 “纯新闻消息报道”，指题材严肃，具 有一定时效性的客观事实报道；软新闻 是指情感味浓，写作方法诙谐，轻松幽 默的社会新闻，不注重时效性。
新闻翻译不可随心所欲，主观臆断， 脱离原义；也不可拘泥于原文语言形式， 要从原文各个组成部分之间的相互联系去 理解原文，才能译好。
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新闻文体结构
• 新闻文体的主体结构是由标题、导语、正文三部分组 成。
标题（headline）：浓缩概括全文的中心实质问 题。
导语（lead or introduction）：通常为文章的 第一段。文章的第一段提供主要话题和最主要的事实。
常使用某些词汇来表达事实和事件，因此这些 词汇经过长期使用后逐渐取得与新闻报导相联 系的特殊意义，成为新闻体词语 （journalistic words）。例如，horror一词 是新闻标题中长用的词，用以表示不幸事故和 暴力行动，再如nadir常指“两国关系的最低 点”。此外，新闻报导中还有一些约定俗成的 套语，如according to sources concerned （据有关方面报导），cited as saying（援 引…的话）。
应用翻译7新闻翻译
电视软新闻英译的翻译策略
例5. Super-ior Dan Shows His Class 超级丹展现完美实力 略显夸张，使读者好奇于具体内容，想要探索林丹 究竟是如何超级和完美。以下例子也属于这一范畴： A big fat Mexican wedding
Oscars chiefs promise ‘bold, risky’ show 今年奥斯卡要“大变脸” New parenting roles in US 经济差华尔街奶爸大增 例6. Unhappiness has risen in the past decade 物质富足，快乐“缩水” 满足目的语读者的心理和生存需求。
改译1：Never too old to marry
改译2：Never too old to love
例2. 泥塑人生
原译：Clay sculpture gives prisoners hope for new life
改译：Shaping new lives into art
电视软新闻英译的翻译策略
英语新闻词汇特点
4. 引语 中文引述新闻人物讲话时许多记着更喜欢
带有感情色彩的词汇，如“强调、指出、指示 说、提出”等。虽然英语中“说”的相似表达
法也 不少，如 address, emphasize, affirm, analyze, assert, argue等，但“said 和spoke” 最常见，因为这两词准确、中立，能不偏不倚 地表达说话人的动作和意思。
电视软新闻英译的翻译策略
改译：Tianjin native Feng Jicai is a well-known writer, artist and scholar. He has also long held a passion for traditional culture---ranging from his efforts in the 1990s to preserve urban cultural heritages---to his work on preserving culture in rural areas. His latest artistic endeavor involved coordinating art from across the globe.
新闻英语中文翻译版
新闻英语中文翻译版篇一：新闻英语翻译新闻定义1） News is a fresh report of events，facts，or opinions that people did not know before they read your story.（新闻就是针对人们读你的报道以前还不知道的事件、事实或观点的一种全新报道。
）2） News is anything timely that interests a number of persons， and the best news is that which has the greatest interest of the greatest number．（凡是及时的、能引起一部分人兴趣的东西，便是新闻。
而最好的新闻则是那种能够激起最大多数人最大兴趣的东西。
）3） News is any event， idea or opinion that is timely，that interests or affects a large number of people in a community and that is capable of being understood by them.（新闻是指人们能及时获悉的事件、观点或见解，它能吸引或影响社会上的许多人，并能为他们所理解。
）4） News is the reporting of anything timely which has importance，use，or interest to a consi-derable number of persons in a publication audience.（新闻是对任何事物的及时报道，对于读者群体中的许多人来说，这类报道具有重要性、实用性或趣味性。
）5） If a dog bites a man， it is not news； if a man bites a dog， it’s （big） news.（狗咬人并非新闻，人咬狗才是（大）新闻。
新闻类文体的翻译
• 五千多万亩粮田被淹,很多粮仓被毁。电 视屏幕上,成千上万的农民在设法抢救粮 食。他们或把麻袋装的粮食运到船上,或 者把它们转移到高处。 • 翻译时注意句中“Thousands of peasants have been shown”译成主动 语态更符合汉语表达习惯。
• 第四，时态方面，多使用一般现在时和 现在进行时。这两种时态给人事件正在 进行的效果，给人以真实感和现实感。 如：A Ground War Begins (一场地面 战打响了)；Deposits， Loans Rising in HK(存贷款额在港回升)。甚至在said， told， reported， added等动词过去 时后面的that宾语从句中，过去时也常 常为现在时态所替代。
【译文】你不可能察觉不到新一代失业的美国人 在描述当今求职市场的残酷情形时的悲伤 语调。
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新闻文体的翻译(标题)
汉英新闻标题的异同
• 词汇异同 从词汇来看，中文标题喜用动词，英文标题偏爱名词。 相同点是两者都常用缩略语（汉语中如“武警”、 “政协”、“入世”、“安理会”、“人行”等，英 语中如（UN , UK , USA , NATO , WT0 , NASA, EU 等）、“小词”即大众化用词和时髦用语。例如： l）澳洲也兴华文网络热 • Chinese Net Craze in Australia
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新闻的特点
• 一是对事实的报道;
• 二是新闻的时间性很强; • 三是保持新闻的真实性、客观性是新闻 报道的灵魂。
新闻类文体语言特点
• 用词新颖，精巧别致
Watergate, zipper-gate, 解说门， 电话门
• 句式多样京因恐怖事件受媒体严厉批评
• 第二，使用“小词”。小词（midget words）即简短词，一般为单音节词。 小词的广泛使用一是由于报纸篇幅有限， 用小词可以免于移行，二是由于小词的 词义范畴很宽，一般比较生动灵活。新 闻英语称这类词为synonyms of all work （万能同义词），如back（支 持）, ban（禁止），curb(控制）。
新闻翻译PPT
第二，语言翻译 第三，背景翻译 第四，专家或者权威人士解析
World Expo 2010 Shanghai
Theme Pavilion
主题馆
China Pavilion
中国馆
原 文 欣 赏（original text）
• Tens of thousands of visitors poured into the Expo Park on Saturday, as officials from the Shanghai World Expo held their fourth test operation.
新闻概念有广义与狭义之分。广义的新闻，是消 息、通讯、特写、速写、报告文学、采访手记、群众 来信等多种新闻文体的总称；狭义的新闻则专指消息。
立场：观点鲜明 内容：真实具体 反应：迅速及时 语言：简洁准确
News Vocabulary Features 新闻的词汇特点
1. 常用词汇有特定的新闻色彩
• NBA(National Basketball Association)
• IOC(International Olympic Committee)
• biz(business)
• HDTV（Hign Definition Television）
• START (Strategic Arms Reduction Talks)
新闻翻译
⏹The mayor of New York said in 1932: “I have seen thousands of these defeated,discouraged, hopeless men and women cringing and fawning as they come to ask for public aid. It is a spectacle of national degradation.” (Time, June 15, 1933)⏹纽约市长在1932年说过:“我见到过成千上万的男男女女前来请求救济。
他们山穷水尽、灰心绝望、低声下气、苦苦哀求。
此情此景, 真是丢尽了美国的脸。
”⏹That electrifying news would spread itself like wild fire around the St. Gregorytomorrow morning within minutes of the great man's arrival. (Newsweek, May 14, 1992)⏹这个令人震惊的消息在这位大人物明天早晨抵达后,不出几分钟便会不胫而走地传遍整个圣格雷戈里饭店。
On social problems⏹Strike (罢工)：industrial action⏹Poor (贫穷)：disadvantaged; deprived; man of modest means⏹Slum (贫民窟)：substandard housing/inner city⏹Relief (救济)：income maintenance⏹Prison (监狱)：a house of correction⏹Prostitute (妓女)：call girl; streetwalker⏹Illegitimate child (私生子)：love child⏹Venereal disease (性病)：social disease⏹Area with low employment (低就业区): grey areaOn war affairs:⏹Aggression (侵略)：involvement⏹Attack(进攻): pacify the area (绥靖)⏹War: armed conflict⏹Air strike: air support⏹Ground war: ground operation⏹Neutron bomb (中子弹)：clean bomb⏹Retreat: adjustment of the front⏹Hijack(劫机)：redirected flight⏹Radiation release (辐射释放)：energy releaseOn political issue:⏹Untrue(不真实)：inoperative (不生效); concealing information; containment (抑制)⏹Wire tapping (窃听)：intelligence gathering⏹Illegal : inappropriate (不恰当)⏹Top secret papers (绝密)：eyes only⏹Distorted account (歪曲报道)：managed news⏹Unsolved problem (老大难题)：ongoing situation⏹The future of grey areas---places which have fallen between the two stools of prosperityand real depression---is of great importance in this corner of Britain.⏹灰色地区—介于繁荣发达与真正萧条的之间的地方---其未来对于英国这一地区是极为重要的。
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Classification of News
4) In the light of different natures of news events, the content can be divided into hard news and soft news. (Harris, D.H. & Wynford, S.C., 1998) Hard news has traditionally been event- based. (E.g. election, weather disaster, government meeting, traffic accident, arrest in a drug deal, etc.) 记实性较强
E.g. Uk to Open Discussion on Anti-terror Law
anti – prefix
3) Use of Blending Words
E.g. High-tech High+technology
4) Use of Compound Words
Be fresh/timely
时新性
If the true and new facts were not released timely, news would become old and valueless.
―Yesterday‘s newspaper is only good for wrapping fish. The all-important news element fades into history within 24 hours.‖ ——Williamson, 1975
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Distinctive Features of Headlines
Features
Lexical 词汇
Grammatical 语法
Rhetorical 修辞
Lexical Features of News Headlines
1) Frequent use of abbreviations
Saving space Make the headline more striking More eye-catching
usually in the first para.导语
Body
gives a terse and clear description of the event under discussion
Background Conclusion
How to Translate News Headlines ?
——Collins Cobuild English Dictionary(P1111)
2
Distinctive Nature of News
Be new
Only those new things, new problems, new people, new ideas, and new experiences can become news.
Distinctive Nature of News
Be true
(News is the report of facts, without facts there would be no news)
Be known to Public
How many kinds of news are there ?
夫妻联手解开了新的基因奥秘
The Simple Future Tense
Use infinitive to express simple future tense
Last two Beirut hostages to go free
贝鲁特最后两名人质获释在望
The Present Continuous Tense
News usually reports what happened, but it needs to give people freshness in form. E.g. Comeback Gives China a Sensational Thomas Cup Win 中国队反败为胜 荣获汤姆斯杯 Husband and Wife Team Unlocks New Gene Secrets
E.g. Japan joins high-speed railway bid.
5) Use of Nouns
Divorce New York Style (NYT) 纽约式离婚 Cabinet Papers Leak Inquiry (Guardian) 内阁文件泄密事件调查 Corruption Reports Against Police Rise (NYT) 指控警方受贿呼声四起 GOP Shakedown Cruise (Newsweek) 共和党的（竞选）试航（揭开序幕）
OPEC
WHO PC PR GM
World Petroleum Exporting Counties
World Health Organization Personal Computer
Public Relation
General Motors
2) Use of Derivatives
Abbreviation
Clipped words 部分省略
Initialisms 首字母缩略词
Acronyms 缩略词
Chute Parachute
APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
Loran Long-range navigation
Abbreviations (Clipped Words)
Headline is the life blood of news.
Readers are usually judge by headlines to know the rough idea of the news, or to decide whether to continue reading.
Soft news is more human interest-based and less dependent on specific events. (e.g. profiles, travel stories, social news, humor, etc.) 记实性较弱
News Values
Abbreviations ( Acronyms & Initials )
1. WTO World Trade Organization 2. NPC the National People‘s Congress
全国人民代表大会
3. CPPCC the Chinese People‘s Political Consultative Conference 中国人民政治协商会议
Due to different classifying standards, there are different kinds of classifying approaches.
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Classification of News
1) When considering transmitting tools, we will come up with newspaper coverage, magazine coverage, radio news, TV news and dispatches.
2) According to the region and area that events happened in, there are world news, home news and local news. (James E. Roper, 1998) 国际性、全国性、地方性
Classification of News
1) Impact (importance, consequence or significance) 2) Unusualness (bizarreness, oddity or novelty) 3) Prominence 4) Timeliness and freshness 5) Proximity (nearness or locality) (people are more concerned with news closely related to them) 6) Conflict 7) Human interest
6) The Use of Midget Words
help --- assistance try --- attempt car --- vehicle ease --- facilitate home --- residence enough --- sufficient fire --- conflagration probe --- investigate row --- conflict talk --- address envoy --- ambassador
Translation of News
What is News ?
News is information about a recently changed situation or a recent event, which is published in newspaper or broadcast on radio, TV.or other media.