句子基本结构+练习
五种基本句子结构翻译练习
一、主谓结构1.你应当努力学习。
You should study hard.2.她昨天回家很晚。
She went home very late yesterday evening.3.那天早上我们谈了很多。
That morning we talked a great deal.4.会议将持续两个小时。
The meeting will last two hours.5.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.6.这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。
Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day.7.1919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。
The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.8.每天八时开始上课。
Classes begin at eight every day.9.这个盒子重五公斤。
This box weighs five kilos.10.五年前我住在北京。
I lived in Beijing five years ago.11.爱丽丝很会游泳。
Alice swims very well.12.约翰的父亲昨晚去世了。
John’s father died last night.13.秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。
In autumn, some birds fly to the south.14.我的爷爷早晨起得很早。
My grandfather gets up early in the morning.二、主系表结构1.我的兄弟都是大学生。
My brothers are all college students.2.冬季白天短，夜晚长。
句子结构练习
句法的基本知识（二）基本句型1. S V CThe motor is out of order.The plan sounds perfect.2. S VThe fruit store has closed.The plane will take off soon.3. S V OThe machine is drilling a hole.The teacher corrected her poor pronunciation more than once.4.S V O OThe new way saved us a lot of time.Could you do me a favor?5. S V O CThey appointed Mr. White Minister of Foreign affairs.I found her rather difficult to work with.以上说明：任何一个句子，必须包含至少一个主谓结构，即一个句子必须至少有主语和动词谓语才能构成句子。
每个主谓结构只表达一个意义，这个意义才能表达清楚。
（三）句子的用途分类1．陈述句：陈述一项事实，包括肯定和否定的陈述2．疑问句（一般问句、特殊问句、选择问句、反意问句）：用来提出疑问Can you guess who will disagree with this statement ?Where did you pay your income taxes ?Do you expect the price to rise or to fall ?Everything is arranged in a good order, isn’t it ?3．祈使句：表示请求命令的句子，一般针对你，你们，我们，所以这三个主语往往被省略，这也是祈使句看不到主语的原因。
Leave me alone, please.Let’s look at the other side of the problem.4．感叹句：表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子What a pity to lose the game again !How lucky I am to be invited to the party !（四）句子的结构分类1．简单句：只有一个主语(并列主语)和一个谓语(并列谓语)V oices and music have been added to color and pictures to catch the ear as well as the eye.He stooped the car and waited for the red light to change to green.2．并列句：两个或两个以上的简单句用等立连词/ 分号/ 冒号/ 逗号连在一起的句子.等立连词包括：and, but, or, so, yet, still, however, while, whereas, for, not only---but also, either--- or, neither--- nor.Hurry up or you will be late for the meeting.Here the water is quiet, for there is little wind.Everyday the newspapers carry a few pages of classified ads; in the large Sunday editions there may be several sections of them.Sometimes I laugh, sometimes I am down.3．复合句：由一个主句或一个以上的从句构成的句子。
句子基本结构-成分划分-练习
英语划分句子成分（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。
基础语法句子结构
基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）Ｓ│ Ｖ（不及物动词）1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。
2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。
3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。
基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）Ｓ│Ｖ（是系动词）│ Ｐ1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。
2. The d inner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。
3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。
4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。
5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。
7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。
8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。
There be 结构：There be 表示‘存在有’。
这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。
此结构后跟名词，表示‘（存在）有某事物’试比较：There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男孩。
）/前一个there无实意，后一个there为副词‘那里’。
基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）Ｓ│Ｖ（及物动词）│ Ｏ1. Who │knows │the answer? 谁知道答案？2. She │smiled │her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。
3. He │has refused │to help them. 他拒绝帮他们。
4. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书。
5. They │ate │what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭。
简单句的五种基本结构讲与练
三、句型3：SP: Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系动词) ＋ Predicate(表语)
这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一 般可分为以下三类：
1.渐变类系动词：become, come, fall, get, go, grow, turn 2.感官系动词：feel(感到，摸起来), look(看起来), taste （尝起来）, sound（听起来）, smell（闻起来） 3.保持类系动词：keep（保持）, remain（依然（短语）等来充当。如： He’s a chemist. 他是个化学家。
3.从句作宾语 I don't know what I should do next. 我不知道接下 来做什么。
练习二、把下面句子译成英语。
1. 我计划在即将到来的五一节去旅游。 2. 他给朋友写了一些信。 3. 这个博物馆很值得参观。 4. 我永远忘不了参观长城这件事。 5. 离开之前不要忘了关灯。 6. 我希望你能为我提一些宝贵建议。
简单句的五种基本结构讲与练
简单句是由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语 （或并列谓语）构成的句子。简单句的谓语部分包 括谓语动词及宾语、宾语补足语、表语等不同句子 成分，不同谓语动词的不同组合形成简单句的基本 句型。
一、句型1：SV：Subject (主语) ＋ Vi (谓语) 这种句型中的动词是不及物动词，不能直接带宾 语。常见的不及物动词有：agree, arrive, burn,
He handed me a cup of tea.
如果把直接宾语放在间接宾语之前，间接宾语前要加to或 for。
1.加to的主要动词有：give, hand, pass, lend, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell, post，bring, take, leave, return write, throw, promise, refuse, allow, offer, pay等。
五种基本句型_主谓(宾)两种结构_实用练习加详细解析
五种基本句型——主谓（宾）结构主（语）＋谓（语）练习一判断下列句子是主谓结构还是主谓宾结构，如果是主谓宾结构请指出是由什么充当的宾语（名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等等）1 He arrived yesterday.2 The boy is crying loudly.3 She died in 2000.4 The man disappeared in the street.5 I like music.6 She wanted some help7 I slept well last night. 8 Iom built a house last year.9 I bought a computer in the street yesterday10 .Tom often swims in the river11 .My sister works in that factory.12 .The sun is rising. 13 .They know him.14 .He enjoys listening to music. 15 .My watch has stopped.16 .It is snowing hard. 17 .My grandma coughed all night.18 .She was cooking. 19 .I found a box under the bed.20 .Kate described the picture. 21 .I hate to go there.22 .He remembered telling you. 23 .His aunt will come.24 .The farmer works very hard. 25 .The flowers need watering.26 .We usually watch TV on Saturday evening.27 .She has cleaned the room. 28 .He liked collecting stamps.29 .Both of them work in the school library.30 .Kate is running fast. 31 .The ship moves slowly32 .He wanted two boxes watches. 33 .I read every book in the school library.34 .You can understand me. 35 .We can watch TV.36 .The children are reading carefully. 37 .Mr. Smith speaks very fast.38 .The train has arrived. 39 .They won’t come today.40 .You mustn’t talk loud 41 .You will close the door.42 .She decided to wait. 43 .I met one of my friends in Beijing.44 .He passed the exam last year. 45 .China has a large population.46 .He knows a little English. 47 .I have received your letter.48 .The students answered the questions.49 .He is beginning a new life. 50 .He learned to ride a bike yesterday.51 .Have you finished writing? 52 .I suggest trying it once more.53 .I want to go to college. 54 .She often dances in the park.55 .Kate often studies at school at night.练习三答案1 He arrived yesterday.他昨天到达。
最基础的英语句子结构分析和练习,超简单实用!
句子结构成分分析及练习主要成分：主语（subject）：名词/代词。
I, They，Beijing，Xiaoming谓语（predicate）：动词。
I like，They are，Xiaoming goes，宾语（object）：名词/代词。
I like him. Xiaoming goes to Beijing.定语（attribute）：形容词。
a beatiful girl, a lovely dog状语(adverbial) ：副词。
at 7, at the school, by bus英语五种基本句型列式如下：一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）Ｓ│ Ｖ（不及物动词）1.The sun │was shining.2.We all breathe, eat, and drink.3.What he said does not matter.基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。
be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。
感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻Ｓ│Ｖ（是系动词）│ Ｐ1.This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.2.He is growing tall and strong.3.The trouble is that they are short of money.There be 结构：There be 表示‘存在有’。
试比较：There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男孩。
句子成分 五大基本句型练习题
句子成分练习题1. The structure of the sentence “They are swimming happily in the river”is .A. S+V+PB. S+VC. S+V+DO+OCD. S+V+DO2. Mozart had an amazing gift for art and his music is well worth .A. being listenedB. listen toC. listeningD. listening to3. --What's the matter, Jenny?-- something wrong with my bike.A. It isB. There isC. I haveD. It has4. If you sing well, you can the singing competition.A. take part inB. joinC. take out5. Choose the correct structure of this sentence "He gave Laura a present.A. S+V+DOB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+DO+OC6. "This made me feel angry." is a kind of structure.(结构)A.S+V+OB.S+V+ DOC.S+V+IO+DOD.S+V+DO+OC7. The sentence structure of "We must keep our classroom clean and tidy." is .A. S+VB. S+V+OC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC8. "The children are playing under the tree", the sentence structure is .A. S+V+PB. S+VC. S+V+OD. S+V+O+C9. "His laziness made his teacher angry." is a kind of structure.A. S+V+DO+IOB. S+V+DO+OCC. S+V+PD. S+V+DO10. The sentence structure of "What do members of the Birdwatching Society do?" isA. S+V+IO +DOB. S+V +DO +OCC.S +V +OD. S +V11. The sentence structure of "We are now inviting them to help us." isA. S+V+IO +DOB.S +V +DO +OCC. S+V +PD.S + V+O12. The sentence structure(结构) of "My mum bought me a gift." isA. S+V+PB. S+V+DO+ OCC. S+V+IO +DOD.S +V+DO13. Which sentence structure does the following belong to? “Sandy bought her a bike.”A. S+VB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC14. The sentence structure of "Eddie is watching Hobo work".A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC15.I think necessary to take more exercise.A. it; for Jim and meB. it’s; to Jim and meC. that; for Jim and ID. that’s; to Jim and I16. Sometimes I feel stressed, but I don’t know for help.A. who to talkB. who should I talk toC. who to talk toD. which one to talk17.Can you lend me the novel the other day?A. that you talkedB. you talked about itC. which you talked withD. you talked about18.Which of the following sentences is different from the others in the sentence structure?A. Tommy often tells us funny stories after class.B. Mr. Wang taught himself Japanese at university.C. My mother always makes me stay at home at weekends.D. The meeting gives everyone a chance to express their ideas.19. I have no idea at all .A. where he has goneB. where did he goC. which place has he goneD. where he has been20. My idea is we should get more people to do the work.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. all21. Practice makes perfect. You are sure to succeed you keep practicing every day.A. as ifB. as long asC. even thoughD. in order to22. Could you please tell me ?A. when the lights were inventedB. why was the city park cleaned upC. where is the post officeD. how could I get to the washroom23. It' s a long time ago I saw you last time.A. whenB. sinceC. forD. that24.I'm surprised to hear from her. , we last met ten years ago.A.On one handB. That is to sayC.Believe it or notD.In other words25.1 don' t know if you to Tom' s party next Sunday.If you go, .A.go;so willB.will go;so will IC. will go;so do ID. go;so I do答案：BDBAB DDBBC BCCDA CDCAC BADCB。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
（1）句式结构翻译练习
●1主谓结构（1.主语+谓语动词）
1、她昨天回家很晚。
2、会议将持续两个小时。
3、在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生巨大的变化。
4、这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。
6、1919年，在北京爆发了“五四”运动。
●2主谓宾结构（一）（3.主语+谓语+宾语）
1、今天下午我想同你谈谈。
2、这本书他读过多次了。
3、他们成功地完成了计划。
4、我们大家都相信jack是一个诚实男孩。
5、他不知道说什么好。
6、我开窗户你在意吗？
●3双宾语结构（5.主语+谓语+宾语《人+物》）
此结构由主语＋及物谓语动词＋间接宾语（人）＋直接宾语（事物）组成。
但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to 或for ,如：He brings cookies to me every day . She made a beautiful dress for me .
用to 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。
常跟双宾语的动词有：
（需借助to的）bring ,give ,lend ,hand ,offer ,pass ,pay ,promise ,return,send ,show ,teach ,tell ,write ,ask ,等。
（需借助for 的）buy ,call ,cook ,choose ,draw ,find ,get ,make ,order ,sing ,save , 等。
少数英语动词只能接单宾suggest/explain/say/announce/introduce/relate…
例如：Just now he explained the reason to me. ⅤJust now he explained me the reason. X
翻译练习：
1、Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。
2、我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？
3、新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。
●4复合宾语结构（6.主语＋及物的谓语动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语）宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑的主谓关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不完整。
可以用做宾补的有，名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词。
如，
The sun keeps us warm . I heard him singing .You must get your hair cut .
•用it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，是英语常用句型。
•即主语＋谓语＋it ＋宾补＋真正宾语。
如，
•I found it very pleasant to be with your family.
翻译练习
1、我们叫她Alice .
2、他的父母给他取名为John .
3、他们把门推开了。
4、我要你把真相告诉我。
5、卫兵命令我们立即离开。
6、明天我要找人来修理机
●5主系表结构（2.主语+系动词+表语）
1、我的兄弟都是大学生。
2、冬季白天短，夜晚长。
3、布朗夫人看起来很健康。
4、十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。
5、她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。
6、他失业了。
●6There be 句型(8.there ＋be ＋主语＋状语)
此句型用以表达某处存在有。
它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词be
之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际语义。
Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一
致，有时态和情态变化。
如，There be 的四种表现形式：
1、时态形式：
现在有there is /… *过去有there was /were … *将来有there will be …/there is /are going to be … *现在已经有there has /have been …*可能有there might be …*肯定有there must be …/there must have been …
2、there +( ? )+ be结构：
there happen /happens /happened /used /seems/seem/ seemed /needto be …
3、状态动词替代结构：
此句型有时不用be 动词，而用live ,stand ,come ,go ,lie ,remain , exist ,等。
4、there be 的非谓语形式：there being /there to be
1. 这个村子过去只有一口井。
2. 客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。
3. 天气预报说下午有大风。
4. 灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。
5. 从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。
6. 公共汽车来了。
7. 就只剩下二十八美元了。
8 最近几年,这个村庄发生了巨大的变化。
9. 恰好河上有座桥。
10十字路口处站着一个警察。