湖南省汝城二中高三英语语法复习系列讲解----特殊的虚拟语气词：should
英语should型虚拟语气有哪些注意事项
英语should型虚拟语气有哪些注意事项在英语中，所谓should型虚拟语气，指should+动词原形，should可以省略。
以下三种词类后接从句的时候，从句动词需要使用should型虚拟语气。
一、“意志动词”。
“意志”动词表示“主张”。
* 此类动词可以概括为：一个坚持：insist五个建议：suggest, advise, propose, recommend, urgen个要求：order, request, require, demand, command, 等等* “意志”动词的名词形式、形容词形式之后的从句中也需要使用should型虚拟语气。
例如：I advise that you (should) take out insurance. 奉劝你务必办理保险。
= My advice is that you (should) take out insurance.= It is advisable that you (should) take out insurance.* 注意insist和suggest这两个动词。
它们既可以接表示“主张”的从句，也可以接表示“事实”的从句。
前者需要使用should型虚拟语气，后者的动词形式视情况而定。
例如：a. He insists that she (should) come. 他执意要她来。
(主张)b. He insists that she did come. 他一口咬定她来过。
(事实)c. He insisted that he was innocent and that he (should) not be to blame. 他认定自己是无辜的(事实)，不应受到责怪(主张)。
二、“评判”性形容词。
包括两类：1.“重要性”：important, significant, essential, vital, fundamental, necessary, 等等;2.“惊讶、奇怪”：strange, amazing, surprising, natural, 等等。
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解10---虚拟语气(解析版)
引导的让步和方式状语从 as if/though
He looks as if he were an artist.
句
He talked about the accident as if he had seen it.
in order that, so that, in case, for fear that
提前，即 故填 were/should/had
Were/Should/Had I..., Were
4. have fallen 解析：句意：要是没有政府和科学家的合作，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从 2005 年的 最高值降下来。从句“Had...not worked together”是对过去情况的假设，所以主句谓语要用 wouldn't have done.
necessary, natural, strange, important,
等 用 于 句 型 surprising, vital
“It
中， 引导的主语从 is+adj.+that...” that
句中谓语动词常用“（should)do”形式
It is necessary that he(should)sort out the information for my reference.
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解 专题十 虚拟语气
一．虚拟语气在 if 非真实条件句中的应用
虚拟条件从句(if)
主句
与现在事实相反的 主语+did/were
假设
与过去事实相反的 主语+had done
假设
与将来事实相反的 主语+ 1.did/were
假设
2.should do
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法总结
高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法总结高中英语知识点归纳——虚拟语气的用法总结虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它用于表达说话者的愿望、假设、建议或命令等不真实的情况。
在高中英语学习中，掌握虚拟语气的用法对于理解和运用英语语法非常重要。
本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行总结和归纳。
一、虚拟语气的用途虚拟语气用于表现非真实情况或不可能实现的愿望、条件、建议、怀疑、命令、警告等。
主要分为以下几种情况：1. 虚拟条件句：表示与现实相反的情况。
例如：If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更加努力学习。
）2. 虚拟愿望句：表示与现实相反的愿望。
例如：I wish I could go on a vacation.（我希望我能去度假。
）3. 虚拟建议句：表示对现实的建议。
例如：I suggest that he take a break.（我建议他休息一下。
）4. 虚拟命令句：表示对现实的命令或要求。
例如：The teacher requested that all students submit their homework on time.（老师要求所有学生按时提交作业。
）5. 虚拟警告句：表示对现实的警告或威胁。
例如：If you don't stop talking, I will call the police.（如果你不停止讲话，我会报警。
）二、虚拟语气的形式1. 虚拟语气在动词的形态上表现为过去式（一般过去时或过去完成时）。
例如：I suggested that he go to the library.（我建议他去图书馆。
）2. 虚拟语气在动词的形态上表现为"were"而不是"was"。
例如：If I were you, I would apologize.（如果我是你，我会道歉。
）3. 虚拟语气在情态动词的用法上表现为"should" + 动词原形。
高中英语之虚拟语气详细讲解
虚拟语气（1）——倒推时态类定义：虚拟语气是一种动词形式，有两种意思 1.表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等（非真实条件状从和让步状从）2.表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议（名词性从句：主宾表同）使用情景 1.用来表达一个假设或纯粹的意愿（与事实相反或不太可能实现）（如果我是宇航员，我要在月球上跳舞）2.用来缓和语气，使句子更委婉、礼貌、得体（如果你能接受我的邀请，我将不胜感激）3.表示烦恼、不耐烦等情绪（你要是能考上大学，全家都烧高香了）4.表示适度的责备或批评（如果你那时更耐心点，现在我们都成功了）5.表示美好的祝愿或祝福（祝你成功）1.虚拟条件句一般虚拟条件句混合虚拟语气（错综时间条件句）定义：条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为发生的时间不一致例子：If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.如果那时你听了我的建议，现在已经好了If it hadn’t been for you, I would have to make another trip there tomorrow.如果不是你的话，我明天还要再走一趟。
If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student now.如果你以前努力学习的话，你现在就是大学生了。
省略+倒装当虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有were，should，had时，if可以省略，并将were,should,had提前于句首，变为倒装句。
如果虚拟条件句是否定句，not 保留在原处If he should agree to go there, we should send him there.= Should he agree to go there,we should send him there.If she were there,she would agree with us.= Were she were, she would agree with us.If he had learnt about computers,we would have hired him.= Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him.含蓄虚拟条件句定义：有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件状语从句，而是通过其他手段来代替条件从句分类：1) but for....=(If it+be not for) ；without；Without your help ,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= But for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.= If it hadn’t been for your help,we couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time.没有你的帮助，我们不可能完成任务。
高三英语虚拟语气知识点
高三英语虚拟语气知识点虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语气，用来表示与事实相反、与现实不一致、或者表达愿望、建议、命令、要求等情态。
掌握虚拟语气的用法对于高三英语考试非常重要。
本文将介绍虚拟语气的常见用法及例句。
一、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气虚拟语气常用于表示与现在事实相反的情况。
以下是一些常见的虚拟语气用法：1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气：如果主句是现在时，从句用过去时。
例句：- If I were you, I would study harder.（与现实相反）- I wish I had more time to travel.（与现实相反）2. 表达建议、要求或命令等的虚拟语气：主句用“should”或“ought to”引导，从句用动词原形。
例句：- It is necessary that she should arrive on time.（建议）- He demanded that they leave immediately.（命令）二、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气虚拟语气还可以用来表示与过去事实相反的情况。
以下是一些常见的虚拟语气用法：1. 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气：如果主句是过去时，从句用过去完成时。
例句：- If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.（与过去事实相反）- I wish I hadn't eaten so much.（与过去事实相反）2. 表达愿望、建议或命令等的虚拟语气：主句用“should”或“ought to”引导，从句用动词原形或过去时。
例句：- It is high time that he applied for a job.（建议）- I wish he would stop talking.（愿望）三、与将来事实相反的虚拟语气虚拟语气还可以用来表示与将来事实相反的情况。
以下是一些常见的虚拟语气用法：1. 与将来事实相反的虚拟语气：如果主句是将来时，从句用过去完成时。
6.2虚拟语气之should
虚拟语气之should一、Should的虚拟语气用于表达某人该应做某事，或者某事应该被做，Should 往往可以省略。
1、用于下面动词之后的宾语从句建议advise, suggest, propose, recommend命令order, command请求ask, demand, require, request敦促urge希望desire坚持要求insist打算intend如：I insisted that he (should) stay. 我坚持要他留下。
He urged that they (should) go to Europe. 他敦促他们到欧洲去。
He suggested that we (should) leave early. 他建议我们早点动身。
He ordered that it (should) be sent back. 他命令把它送回去。
I ask that he (should) leave. 我要求他走开。
He requires that I (should) appear. 他要求我出场。
She desires that he (should) do it. 她希望他做此事。
注意：suggest表“暗示” insist表“坚持认为”不用虚拟语气比较：He insisted that I had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信。
He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信。
He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建议我们留下吃饭。
Her pale face suggested that he was ill.他苍白的脸色暗示他生病了2、用于上述动词相应名词之后的表语从句或同位语从句这些名词为oder，suggestion（suggest的名词），demand，proposal（propose 的名词），advice（advise），request，requirement（require的名词）如：Our suggestion is that you（should）be the first to go．（表语从句）我们的建议是你应该第一个去。
关于虚拟语气的用法与理解（shouldhavedone）
关于虚拟语⽓的⽤法与理解（shouldhavedone）“should + 完成时”，主要有以下四种⽤法：⼀、“should + 完成时”，表⽰“过去本应该做某事，⽽实际未做”，属于虚拟语⽓的⼀种。
You should have reported them to the police. 你应当向警⽅控告他们的。
The problem should have been ironed out months ago. 这个问题⼏个⽉前就该解决了。
You should have been more careful in money matters. 在钱⽅⾯，你本当更⼩⼼点的。
I'm to blame. I should have thought of that. 都怪我，我应该想到这⼀点。
You should have known better than to talk like that. 你本应更懂事⽽不致说这样的话。
⼆、“should + 完成时”与虚拟条件连⽤，表⽰“与过去事实不符或相反的虚拟语⽓”。
【说明】if 从句⽤过去完成时，主句⽤“should + 完成时”，主句的主语仅限于使⽤第⼀⼈称。
这时，should 可以⽤would 代替。
例如：If I had seen Mary I should/would have invited her. 我当时要是看到玛丽的话我本会邀请她的。
If I had received the present, I should/would have thanked him. 如果我收到了礼物，我是应当向他道谢的。
I should/would not have laughed if I had thought you were serious. 如果我想到你是认真的，我就不会笑了。
也可以⽤其他结构代替if 条件句。
例如：But for your advice, I should/would have failed. 要不是你的忠告，我会失败的。
求虚拟语气的用法，特别是should型虚拟。
求虚拟语气的用法，特别是should型虚拟。
求虚拟语气的用法，特别是should型虚拟。
一.should 在含有条件的虚拟语气中的运用1. 虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。
I’d e too if I had time to spare.2.虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词。
If the hurricane had happened during the daytime there would have beenmore deaths.3.虚拟将来时是表示对将来实现的可能性很小的或不确定的假设。
If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would /should /could/ might +动词原形。
If I were to met him tomorrowshould, I should ask him about it.Should there be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply.If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk.二.should在宾语从句中的运用.1)某些动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。
其形式为：（should）+ 动词原形。
常这样用的动词有ask 要求advise 劝告determine 决定decide 决定mand 命令 insist 坚持intend 打算 move 提议prefer 宁愿 propose 提议order 命令 remend 推荐request 要求 require 要求suggest 建议 urge 主张demand要求 desire 渴望direct 命令.例如：He insisted that the meeting be put off.他要求推迟那个会议。
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特殊的虚拟语气词：should
1）It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形，should 可省略。
句型：
(1)sug ge sted
It is(2)important that…+ (should) d o
(3) a pity
(1)suggested，ordered，proposed，required，demanded，requested，insiste d；+ (should) do
(2)important，necessary，natural，strange
a pity， a shame，no won der
(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.
2）在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。
order，suggest，propose，require，demand，request，insist，command，insist + (should) do
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
注意：如suggest，insist不表示"建议" 或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
The guard a t gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.
判断改错:
（错）You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.
(对)Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
(错)I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.
(对)I insisted that you were wrong.
3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用
在suggestion，proposal，i dea，plan，order，advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conf erence.
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
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