高考英语第一轮复习 (归纳拓展巩固提升)语法专题七 虚拟语气(含解析)
高考英语虚拟语气练习及详解
虚构语气一、考点聚焦1、虚构语气用于条件状语从句中（ 1）表示与此刻事实相反的假定，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（b e 动词的过去式用 were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。
如：If I were a boy, I would join the army.If the had time, she should go with you.（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去达成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。
如：（3）表示与未来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/ could might + 动词原形。
如；If it were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要依据它所表示的时间作相应调整。
如：If they had worked hard, they would be very tired.( 从句说的是过去，主句指的是此刻 )以下表格是虚构语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：有时侯在使用时可省略 if,句子则可换成以下形式，即“were / had / should + 主语”。
如：Were I a boy, I would join the army.1/14Were it not for the expense, I would go to .2、虚气用于名性从句（ 1）虚气在从句中的运用。
①“ wish + 从句”表示不可以的梦想，“假如⋯⋯就好了”等。
高考英语一轮复习 语法点专题讲解 虚拟语气
虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。
一般常用于正式的书面语中：一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法1．表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：1)If I were you, I shouldn’t do that.2)We would go with you if we had time.3)We could ask him if he were here.4)If I knew his telephone number, I would ring him up.表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：2．1)If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.2)If you had come earlier, you would (might) have met him.3)I should (would) have called you if I had known your telephone number.3．表示与将来事实可能相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：1)If it should rain, the crops would be saved.2)If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out.※ 在实际运用中，主句中的谓语和条件从句中的谓语动词所发生的时间往往不一致，这时应作相应的调整：1)If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he woul d be all right now.2)If it should be fine tomorrow, we should have bought the ticket yesterday.※ 有时条件从句可用介词短语或分词短语所替代，如：1）Without our Party, we could not live a happy life.2）The boy would have died but for the doctor.3）Given more time, I could have finished the work remarkably.※ 虚拟条件句往往可以省略if, 采取将had, should, were提到句首的倒装句式表达。
高考英语一轮复习(语法)——虚拟语气
一、气的定义和种类
l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的 看法和态度。
2、语气的种类：
(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!
(3)用"may + 动词原形"表示"祝愿"、"但愿"，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。如：May you be happy!祝你快乐！May good luck be yours.祝你顺利。
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(2)在suggest，demand，order，propose，insist，command，request，desire等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用"should + 动词原形"，表示建议、要求、命令等。如: I demand that he (should) answer me immediately. 我要求他立刻答复我。
6、省去条件从句或主句：表示虚拟语气的主句或从句有时可以省略，但其含义仍可以推知。
(1)省去条件从句。如: You could have washed your clothes yourself. 你本可以自已洗衣服的。省去了"If you had wanted to")(事实是:你自己没洗衣服，因为你不想洗。)
注:如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。
(通用版)2021届高考英语一轮复习考点七情态动词和虚拟语气练习(含解析)
考点七情态动词和虚拟语气限时25分钟一、单句语法填空1．We ________ (enjoy) the sunshine in Sanya now if it were not for the delay of our flight.答案：would be enjoying 句意：要不是耽搁了航班，我们现在正在三亚享受阳光。
根据后面的“now”和“if it were not for ...”可知，此处是对现在状况的虚拟，故主句用would be doing。
2．When I was small, my mom ________ read me stories at night.答案：would 句意：当我小时候，我母亲常常在晚上给我读故事。
would “过去常常”，表示过去的习惯性的行为。
3．The accident ________ have been caused by a dog running across the road, but we don't know for sure.答案：might 句意：事故可能是由一条横穿马路的狗引起的，但我们不确定。
分析句子可知，本句是对过去动作的推测，可能性不大，故填might。
4．He looked so hungry as though he ________ (eat) a decent meal for a month.答案：hadn't eaten 句意：他看起来如此饿好像已有一个月没有吃过一顿像样的饭了。
由主句中的looked可知，as if/though后面跟过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。
5．I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise, I ________ (keep) you waiting for such a long time.答案：wouldn't have kept 句意：我在交通堵塞中被困了一个多小时，否则我不会让你等这么长时间。
高三一轮语法复习--虚拟语气
高三英语语法复习虚拟语气一、条件结果关系的虚拟语气在含有条件的虚拟语气结构中，通常主句是结果，从句是条件。
按照现在、过去和将来三个不同的时间，分别有对应的动词形式。
If he were here, everything would be all right.If it weren’t for their support, we would be in a very difficult position.If I were you, I might tell him the truth.I would /could /might certainly go if I had time.How nice it would be if you could stay a little longer!If I had left a little earlier, I would have caught the train.She could have come if she hadn’t been so busy.If I had had the money last year, I would /might / could/ should have bought a house.If I were to ( should ) do it, I would do it in a different way.If there should be something wrong, they would let you know at once.We wouldn’t lose courage even if we should ( were to ) fail again.4. 错综时间条件句带条件从句的虚拟语气，主句和从句的时间可能不完全一致，这时主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。
高考英语虚拟语气专项讲解及练习含答案
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。
根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句（1）表示与现在事实相反If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.（2）表示与过去事实相反If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.（3）表示与将来事实相反I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.1. 虚拟条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。
虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。
例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？2. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。
例如：If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.3. 含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。
高考英语第一轮复习 (归纳拓展+巩固提升)语法专题七
语法专题七虚拟语气英语中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
考点一虚拟语气用于条件句中1．表示与现在事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时（be的过去式用were）；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）＋动词原形。
If I were you，I would study hard.2．表示与过去事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用had＋过去分词；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）＋have＋过去分词。
If he had taken my advice，he would have passed the test.3．表示与将来的事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或should＋动词原形或were to＋动词原形；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）＋动词原形。
If it were to rain tomorrow，they would not go to the cinema.注意：1）if条件句中只要用了过去的时态就说明该句要使用虚拟语气。
2）if条件句中只出现一个表示与将来事实相反的情态动词should。
3）含有if条件句的虚拟语气中，主句都要用情态动词，且都可理解为过去式。
考点二wish宾语从句中的虚拟语气用法在wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句中通常用虚拟语气。
从句中谓语动词的构成形式为：1．表示对现在情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）。
I wish it were spring now.2．表示对过去情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词常用had＋过去分词。
I wish he had come yesterday.3．表示对将来的主观愿望，从句中动词常用would/could/might＋动词原形。
高考英语一轮复习语法专项虚拟语气
高考英语一轮复习语法填空核心要点-动词的虚拟语气【预览部分】一．虚拟语气的用法1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句1)表示与现在事实相反的假设。
If I were you, I wouldn’t agree.如果我是你，我就不同意。
If I knew her address, I would/should call on her. 如果我知道她的地址，我会拜访她。
2)表示与过去事实相反的假设。
【巩固练习】1. If only I ______ how to operate a computer as you do!A. had knownB. would knowC. should knowD.knew2. It is surprising that he _____ at the meeting.A. wasB. beC. isD. were3. ---Did you give Mike his score report?---No, I _____ it to him yesterday, but I didn’t have any time.A. was to have givenB. was to giveC. might giveD. should give1.D.if only 引导的感叹句的谓语动词的形式和wish后宾语从句中谓语动词的形式一样。
故选D 。
2. B. 句型It is surprising that 后的主语从句谓语动词要求用虚拟语气，其结构式为“should +动词原形”，其中should 可以省略。
故选B 。
3.A. 根据语境判断，该回答语是表示与过去相反的假设，所以要求用虚拟语气was to have given ，表示“昨天本来应该给他成绩报告单的”。
故选A 。
（预览部分结束）【下面是正文部分】高考英语一轮复习语法填空核心要点-语气一．虚拟语气的用法1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句1）表示与现在事实相反的假设。
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毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校语法专题七虚拟语气英语中有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。
虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
考点一虚拟语气用于条件句中1．表示与现在事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时（be的过去式用were）；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）＋动词原形。
If I were you，I would study hard.2．表示与过去事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用had＋过去分词；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could ，might）＋have＋过去分词。
If he had taken my advice，he would have passed the test.3．表示与将来的事实相反：条件状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或should＋动词原形或were to＋动词原形；主句中谓语动词用would（should，could，might）＋动词原形。
If it were to rain tomorrow，they would not go to the cinema.注意：1）if条件句中只要用了过去的时态就说明该句要使用虚拟语气。
2）if条件句中只出现一个表示与将来事实相反的情态动词should。
3）含有if条件句的虚拟语气中，主句都要用情态动词，且都可理解为过去式。
考点二wish宾语从句中的虚拟语气用法在wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句中通常用虚拟语气。
从句中谓语动词的构成形式为：1．表示对现在情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）。
I wish it were spring now.2．表示对过去情况的虚拟，从句中谓语动词常用had＋过去分词。
I wish he had come yesterday.3．表示对将来的主观愿望，从句中动词常用would/could/might＋动词原形。
I wish it would be fine tomorrow.考点三谓语动词必须用“（should）＋动词原形”的情况1．表示“建议，要求，命令”的动词：一坚持（insist），二命令（order，command），三建议（suggest，propose，advise），四要求（demand，require，request，ask）后面的宾语从句或是由it作形式主语的主语从句中的谓语动词要用“（should）＋动词原形”。
这些词相应的名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中的谓语动词也要用“（should）＋动词原形”。
The teacher ordered that the homework（should）be handed in on time.It is suggested that the meeting（should）be put off.My idea is that we（should）think it over.注意：suggest作“表明，暗示”讲时，不用虚拟语气；insist作“坚持认为”讲时，不用虚拟语气。
The smile on his face suggested he was happy.The boy insisted he hadn't stolen the money.2．在It is important /strange/ natural/ necessary/a pity/a shame 等＋that从句，表示情绪、观点等，主语从句中的谓语动词用“（should）＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
It is a pity that he（should）refuse to accept the offer.考点四虚拟语气在其他句型中的使用1．在as if/ as though引导的状语从句中，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。
其形式如下：主语＋as if/ though＋主语＋一般过去时（从句的动作与主句动作同时发生）主语＋as if/ though＋主语＋would/could＋动词原形（从句的动作相对主句来说在将来发生）主语＋as if/ though＋主语＋过去完成时（从句的动作先发生于主句动作之前）He talks as if he knew all about it.He walked slowly as though he had hurt his leg.2．在It is（high）time that...句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should＋动词原形，should不可以省略。
表示“是时候做……了”，含“建议”的意味。
It is time that we studied hard.3．would rather后接动词原形，但接从句时要用虚拟语气（宁愿，但愿）。
would rather＋主语＋一般过去时（表示与现在或将来情况相反）would rather＋主语＋过去完成时（表示与过去事实相反）I'd rather he didn't go now.I'd rather you hadn't told Mike the bad news.4．if only “要是……就好了”。
表示与现在或未来事实相反的愿望时，句子谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反的愿望时，句子谓语动词用过去完成时。
If only I had passed the driving test last week!5．动词hope，intend，mean，plan，want，think等词的过去完成时形式，通常表示“本想，本打算，本认为”。
He had hoped to come to the party，but it began to rain.考点五含蓄虚拟条件句有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语、连词或其他形式表示。
常用的词或短语有：without，with，but for （要是没有），otherwise，or，but等。
Without your help（＝If we had not had your help），we could not have finished the task.He felt very tired yesterday，or/otherwise he would have come to the party.考点六错综时间条件句中的虚拟语气当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据各自主从句所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
If you had followed my advice，you would recover.（从句说的是过去，主句说的是现在）If I were you，I would have gone abroad.（从句是现在，主句说的是过去）考点七省略if的虚拟语气如果if从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以省略if，把这三个词置于句首，采用倒装语序。
If I were you，I would go to the party.→Were I you，I would go to the party.If it should happen，what would you do？→Should it happen，what would you do?If you had come earlier，you would catch the bus.→Had you come earlier，you would catch the bus.1．（2012·北京高考）Don't handle the vase as if it ______ made of steel.A．is B．wereC．has been D．had been2．（2012·浙江高考）Had they known what was coming next，they ______ second thoughts.A．may have B．could haveC．must have had D．might have had3．（2012·陕西高考）If my car ______ more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A．was B．had beenC．should be D．would be4．（2012·辽宁高考）Jack is a great talker.It's high time that he______ something instead of just talking.A．will do B．has doneC．do D．did5．（2012·山东高考）If we ______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.A．haven't made B．wouldn't makeC．didn't make D．hadn't made6．（2012·安徽高考）Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she ______ there，she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.A．lives B．would liveC．has lived D．were to live7．（2012·福建高考）We lost our way in that small village，otherwise we ______ more places of interest yesterday.A．visited B．had visitedC．would visit D．would have visited8．（2012·湖南高考）Sorry，I am too busy now.If I ______ time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.A．have had B．had hadC．have D．had9．（2012·天津高考）We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold ______ us a ride home.A．didn't offer B．wouldn't offerC．hasn't offered D．hadn't offered10．（2011·课标全国高考）They ______ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.A．will B．canC．must D．should11．（2011·北京高考）—Where are the children？The dinner's going to be completely ruined.—I wish they ______ always late.A．weren't B．hadn't beenC．wouldn't be D．wouldn't have been12．（2011·北京高考）Maybe if I ______ science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.A．studied B．would studyC．had studied D．was studying13．（2011·天津高考）I ______ sooner but I didn't know that theywere waiting for me.A．had come B．was comingC．would come D．would have come14．（2011·福建高考）—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.—I ______ it，but I was busy preparing for a job interview.A．attended B．had attendedC．would attend D．would have attended15．（2011·陕西高考）I______through that bitter period without your generous help.A．couldn't have gone B．didn't goC．wouldn't go D．hadn't gone16．（2011·江西高考）We ______ John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.A．will put B．will have putC．would put D．would have put17．What's your opinion of Mr Li's request that we ______ spend half an hour reading English aloud every morning?A．must B．wouldC．should D．could18．I ran all the way to school yesterday，otherwise I ______ late for the annual talent show.A．was B．had beenC．would be D．would have been19．—What's your feeling now?—I am terribly sorry.If only I ______here yesterday!A．came B．would have comeC．have come D．had come20．（2013·河北普通高中教学质监）I would have grabbed the ball if I ______ closer to it.A．was B．wereC．would be D．had been21．（2013·山西第二次四校联考）It's everybody's desire that every effort ______ to reduce the pollution in our city.A．was made B．be madeC．will be made D．would be made22．（2013·北京东城区示范校综合练习一）If he had decided where to go，he ______ on his way at present.A．would be B．would have beenC．is D．were23．（2013·河南中原名校联考）Without your selfless help，I ______ such great progress.A．can't make B．couldn't have madeC．couldn't make D．wouldn't make24．（2013·浙江名校联盟第一次联考）______ a little earlier，you could have got a copy of his latest book.A．If you would arrive B．If you arrivedC．Should you arrive D．Had you arrived25．（2013·河南中原名校联考）—How I wish I ______ the key with me!—Then you would not have to wait for your wife's rescue.A．had had B．have hadC．had D．have参考答案1．B as if条件句用虚拟语气表示与现在的事实相反。