英语常见虚拟语气最全总结

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虚拟语气的常见用法和形式

虚拟语气的常见用法和形式

虚拟语气的常见用法和形式虚拟语气是用来表达非真实、未实现或假设情况的一种语法形式。

在中文和英语中都存在虚拟语气,但在两种语言中的使用方式和形式略有不同。

本文将介绍虚拟语气在英语中的常见用法和形式。

一、陈述虚拟语气1. 表达过去的虚拟虚拟语气的过去形式常用于表示与现实情况相反的假设或可能性,常用动词包括"be"、"have"、"were"等。

例如:- If I were you, I would apologize to her.- I wish I had studied harder for the exam.2. 表达现在的虚拟现在虚拟语气用于表达与现实情况相反或不确定的假设,常用动词包括"be"、"suggest"、"recommend"等。

例如:- It's about time she got a promotion.- I suggest that he be more careful next time.3. 表达将来的虚拟将来虚拟语气用于表达与现实情况相反或不可能实现的假设,常用动词包括"should"、"were to"等。

例如:- If I should win the lottery, I would buy a big house.- If it were to rain, the event would be canceled.二、命令虚拟语气当表示一种命令、建议或要求时,常使用虚拟语气来显得客气或委婉。

例如:- I suggest that you arrive on time for the meeting.- It's important that he be there for the ceremony.三、愿望虚拟语气愿望虚拟语气用于表达对过去、现在或将来的愿望、期望或希望。

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。

虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。

一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。

例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。

例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。

例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。

英语虚拟语气用法总结

英语虚拟语气用法总结

英语虚拟语气用法总结1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:从句:主语+过去时主句:主语+should/would/could/might+doeg:1.If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞.(事实:我不可能是你)2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你.(事实:不知道)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have doneeg:1. If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她. (事实:去晚了)2.If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了.(事实:没有听我的话)3、表示对将来情况的主观推测从句:主句①if+主语+were to do :①主语+should/would/could/might+do②if+主语+did/were ②主语+should/would/could/might+do③if+主语+should+do ③主语+should/would/could/might+doeg:1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈.(事实:来的可能性很小)2.If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪,我们就不能去滑冰了.(事实:不知能否下雪)3.If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末.。

英语语法总结虚拟语气

英语语法总结虚拟语气

英语语法总结虚拟语气虚拟语气用来表达不可能或难以实现的愿望,与事实相反的假设,通常分为基本的三种形式。

1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟:If + did / were + ..., ... would/ should/ could/ might + do (动词原形)If I were you, I would go abroad at once. (I am not you.)If he knew it now, he could help me. (He doesn't know it now.)2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟:If + had done + ..., ... would (might) have done ...If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have phoned you. (I didn't know your telephone number.)If you had come here a little earlier just now, you might have met her. (You didn't come here earlier.)3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟:(1) If + should + v., ... would + v. (可能性很小)(译作“万一”)If it should rain tomorrow, you could stay at home.If I should fail, what should Ido?(2) If + did / were to + v ..., would + v. (完全不可能)If the sun were to rise in the west, I would lend you the money.If you finished it in 3 minutes, I would give you my car.4. 金牌特殊重点[简单联想记忆]:●下列动词后的“宾语从句”中需要用虚拟形式,即should + 动词原形,shoud 在美国英语中要省略(TOEFL语法考点)。

英语语法——虚拟语气

英语语法——虚拟语气

英语语法——虚拟语气
虚拟语气:'不可能'假设
与现在相反
条件句:过去式(were)
主句:would+动词原形
If I were you I would not be such scheming.
与将来相反
条件句:should/were to+动词原形
主句:would/should/could/might+动词原形
If it should be clear day tomorrow,I would bath my dog.
与过去相反
条件句: had +动词过去分词
主句:would have +动词过去分词
If I had known you are such scheming,I would not have trusted you.
虚拟语气:愿望, 请求,建议,命令....
Wish
对现在的愿望: wish +动词过去式
I wish my neck don’t ached.
对过去的愿望wish + had/would have +动词过去分词
I wish I had protected my neck from indisposition.
对将来的愿望: wish + should/would/could/might/ +动词原形
I wish my neck could cured.
demand, suggest,insist, order...+should +动词原形。

高中英语虚拟语气(绝对全)

高中英语虚拟语气(绝对全)

If my brother were here, everything would be all right. 要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题虚拟语气表示所说的话只是一种主观愿望、假设或建议等。

虚拟语气的重点是:虚拟语气的特殊形式,即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式,含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气和表示愿望的虚拟形式等。

(一)虚拟语气的常见句型●与现在事实相反的虚拟语气与现在相反的虚拟语气的结构为:条件句动词为were或动词的过去式,主句为would/should/could/might+动词原形了。

If you had taken my advice,you wouldn't (couldn’t) have failed in the exam. 如果你按●与过去事实相反的虚拟语气与过去相反的虚拟语气的结构为:从句用had+过去分词,主句用would/should/could/might+have done照我的建议去做,你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。

●与将来事实相反的虚拟语气If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should (would,could,might) go to see my grandmother. 与将来相反的虚拟语气的结构为:从句谓语动词为动词过去式或“should+动词原形”或“were to+动词原形”,主句为would/could/might +动词原形如果明天是星期天,我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。

If it were to snow this evening, they would not go out. 如果今晚下雪,他们将不出去了。

●省略if形式的虚拟语气有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),省略连词if。

在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had 或should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装。

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)

虚拟语气用法总结(完整)if+主语+had+过去分词+其他+主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词+其他例:1.XXX,XXX如果我知道你要来,我就会准备些食物的。

(事实:我不知道)2.XXX,XXX.如果我当时研究更努力些,我就能通过考试了。

(事实:我没有用功研究)3、表示与将来事实相反的情况:if+主语+were/should+动词原形+其他+主语+would/could/might+动词原形+其他例:1.IfIwereyou,XXX.如果我是你,我不会那样做。

(将来:我不可能成为你)2.XXX,XXX.如果下雨了,带上这把伞。

(将来:不一定会下雨)1.If I had arrived earlier。

I would have been able to meet her。

(Fact: I arrived late)2.If he had XXX my advice。

he would not have made such a mistake。

(Fact: He didn't listen to me)3.If he were to come here tomorrow。

I would talk to him。

(Fact: It's XXX he will come)In expressing ns。

orders。

requests。

etc。

the subjunctive mood is often used in the object clause。

with the verb in the form of "should + infinitive," which can be omitted.Other uses of XXX:1.The subjunctive mood is used in the object clause after "wish" to express a XXX fact。

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳

英语《虚拟语气》语法知识总结归纳虚拟语气(Subjunctive mood)是英语中一种特殊的语气形式,用于表示说话人的假设、愿望、建议、要求、命令等非真实情况。

虚拟语气在句子中通常与动词的调整和语法结构上的变化相关。

以下是对虚拟语气的语法知识的总结归纳:1.条件句中的虚拟语气:1.1 条件句中表示对现在的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去式,主句使用would/could/should/might + 动词原形。

例如:- If I were you, I would go to the meeting.(如果我是你,我会去开会。

)注意,这里的"were"是一个特殊的虚拟语气形式,用于所有人称和数。

- If she had studied harder, she might have passed the exam.(如果她努力学习,她可能会通过考试。

)1.2 条件句中表示对过去的假设:使用虚拟语气的一般公式是:if + 主语 + 过去完成时,主句使用would/could/should/might + have + 过去分词。

例如:- If I had known it, I would have told you.(如果我知道了,我会告诉你的。

)- If she had arrived earlier, she might have caught the bus.(如果她早点到,她可能会赶上公共汽车。

)2.虚拟条件句中的特殊情况:2.1 在虚拟条件句中表示命令、建议时,主句中的动词可以使用动词原形(而不是would/could/should/might + 动词原形)。

例如:- If you have any questions, please let me know.(如果你有任何问题,请告诉我。

)- If I were you, I would take a break.(如果我是你,我会休息一下。

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【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:句意:——倘若我必须去那儿而且对那里一无所知,该怎么办?——如果我是你,我会在网上查找一些有关那里的信息。根据I would try to find可知主句用的是would+do,可知这是对现在事实的假设的虚拟语气,因此If引导的条件状语从句用一般过去时,根据虚拟语气的用法be动词在If引导虚拟语气中用were .故选D。
A.spreadB.spreFra bibliotekdingC.to spreadD.will spread
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:我建议我们中国人无论走到哪里都要带着爱心和欢乐来传播中国文化,
考查动词suggest后跟虚拟语气。spread是动词原形;spreading是动名词;to spread是动词不定式;will spread是一般将来时。动词在这里suggest表示建议,后面宾语从句中使用虚拟语气should+动词原形,should可以省略。根据句意说明本句的suggest表示建议,故后面使用虚拟语气,省略了should,故选A。
13.If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth.
A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell
C. am, will tell D.is , will tell
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:本题的含义是如果我是你,我将告诉他们真相,本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句,在虚拟句中,be用were,主句通常用过去的一种,will应该用would,故本题选B。
1.57.---What would you do if youa million dollars?
---If Iyou, I’d give it to medical research.
A.got, were B.win, am C.won, am D.get, were
【答案】A
【解析】本题是考查的虚拟语气,对于将来的假设,主句用过去将来时,从句用一般过去时,且be动词为were,故选A
4.You _______ through that red light, for you _______ an accident.
A.must have driven; should have causedB.could have driven; might have caused
C.couldn’t have driven; should have causedD.shouldn’t have driven; could have caused
— If Iyou, I would wear a shirt and a tie.
A.amB.isC.wereD.was
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:if从句的虚拟语气,对于现在的虚拟用一般过去式,be动词都用were,故选C.句意:——我不知道聚会该穿什么。——如果我是你,我会穿一件衬衫加一条领带。故选C
A.think; areB.am thinking; are
C.thought; wereD.think; were
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气,与过去事实相反,需用一般过去时;根据句意结构,可知选C。
15.You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do,
12.If I went to the moon, I ______ bring something unusual back to the earth.
A.could
B.will
C.would
D.shall
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:此题考查if引导的条件状语从句的相关知识。根据语境可知此句的含义是如果我去月球,我会带回一些不同寻常的东西。这个假设成立的几率很小,故看为虚拟语气。根据语法知识可知从句要用一般过去时,主句要用过去将来时,过去将来时的基本构成would+动词原形,故选C。
9.---What if I have to go there and know nothing about it?
--- If I______ you, I would try to find some information about it on the Internet.
A.amB.wasC.will beD.were
考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。
10.If Iyou, I’d take a small present for her.
A.am B.is C.was D.were
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构:1、与现在事实相反:若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should(would, could, might)+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反:若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should(would, could, might)+have+过去分词”。
考点:if条件句的虚拟语气
点评:if条件句的虚拟语气,是中考要求掌握的知识点,分为三种情况:
表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be用were),主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:你不应该开车闯红灯,因为你会引起事故的。
考查情态动词。分析句子及选项“You ___ through that red light, for you ____ an accident.”,你开车闯红灯,因为你事故的,可知是对过去的虚拟,应用情态动词+have done。此处是不应该开车闯红灯,会引起事故,故选D。
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意:幸运的是,事故发生时他没有开快车;否则,我相信,这将是一个更严重的事故。
考查虚拟语气。根据“wasn’t driving”是过去进行时,所以此处是对过去的虚拟,主句时态应用情态动词+have done,故选C。
6.If I were invited to the party,I _______ a red skirt.
3、与将来事实相反:若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should(would, could, might)+动词原形”。句意:如果我是你,我会给她带一件小礼物。结合语境可知本句描述的是与现在相反的事实,故选D。
考点:考查虚拟语气。
11.— I don’t know what to wear at the party.
考点:if条件句的虚拟语气
点评:if条件句的虚拟语气,是中考要求掌握的知识点,分为三种情况:
表示与现在事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be用were),主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用过去完成时,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况,从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。
【点睛】
动词suggest后面可以跟名词作宾语,用于句型“suggest sth.”。如:I suggested a visit.我提议参观。
suggest后跟动名词作宾语,如:He suggested going home.他提议回家。
suggest后面跟that引导的宾语从句时,用虚拟语气,一般省略情态动词should,所以本题选项是A。
考点:考查虚拟语气。
8.If I _______ you, I would say another student could do it better.
A.wasB.wereC.wereD.are
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:如果我是你,我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。
考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知“现在事实”相反,此句是虚拟语气,be动词使用were;故选A。
A.will wear B.wear C.would wear
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:如果我被邀请参加聚会,我会穿红色的裙子。此处考查虚拟语气。句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气,与现在事实相反的假设,从句(条件句)动词过去式(be一般用were);主句(结果句)should /would/ could/ might +动词原形。故答案为C。
考点:if引导的虚拟条件句。
点评:在英文中条件句有两种,一种是真实的条件句,if后遇到将来时用一般现在时,一种是虚拟的条件句,if后用过去时,be用were,在英文的实际使用中应该注意它们的区别。
14.I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I alwaysyoua careful driver.
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