高中英语重点语法-虚拟语气全攻略

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(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。

虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。

一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。

例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。

例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。

例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。

高中英语2025届高考语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解

高中英语2025届高考语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解

高考英语语法复习虚拟语气知识讲解一、基础知识(一)什么是虚拟语气谓语动词的作用不仅可以表示动作的时间、状态、假设(情感),也是一种语气(mood)的表现形式,表明说话的目的和意图。

(语气包含陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气)虚拟语气用于表示假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实或虚拟的情况,即与真实相反。

上学的时候老师经常举的一个例子,"If I were you"因为我不可能是你,这是一种不可能存在的事实,所以这是个虚拟语句。

总而言之英语中的虚拟语气可以分为两大体系:一是表示与事实相反的,或者是假象的情形,通常由if引导,叫做虚拟条件句;另一个体系是在名词从句中使用虚拟语气,表示建议,命令或者要求等语气,类似于上述美剧常用的台词。

(二)虚拟语气的用法这一部分我们主要用虚拟语气在条件句中的用法作为讲解与现在事实相反:If I had a map, I would lend it to you.如果我有地图我就借给你。

(但我没有)与将来事实相反:If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way. 要是我来做这工作,我会是另一种做法。

(言外之意不是我做这个工作,用虚拟表达是我做这份工作的可能性很低)与过去事实相反:If anything had happened, he would have let us know.如果发生了什么情况,他早就通知我们了。

(所以没事发生)它们的共性都是表示与事实相反或者实现可能性不大3.特殊情况①在极少情况下,从句的谓语动词用原形,主句的谓语动词可用陈述语气(比较官方,正式,大气的说法,口语很少使用)If that be the official view, it cannot be accepted.如果这是官方的看法,这是不能接受的。

②if可以省略,但是语序要改为倒装Were I Tom I would refuse.如果我是汤姆我会拒绝。

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳以下是高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、猜测等非真实的情况。

一、基本用法1. 与现在事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + 动词过去式(be 动词用 were)主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If I were you, I would study harder. (如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

)Wouldn't life be boring if we had everything we wanted? (如果我们想要什么就有什么,生活岂不是很无聊?)2. 与过去事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + had + 过去分词主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词例句:If I had known your phone number, I would have called you. (如果我知道你的电话号码,我就给你打电话了。

)Couldn't you have done better if you had tried harder? (如果你再努力些,难道不能做得更好吗?)3. 与将来事实相反条件从句:① If + 主语 + 动词过去式② If + 主语 + were to + 动词原形③ If + 主语 + should + 动词原形主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home. (如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。

)If she were to come here tomorrow, I would be very happy. (如果她明天来这儿,我会非常高兴。

)If he should fail in the exam, how disappointed his parents would be!(要是他考试不及格,他父母该多失望啊!)二、固定搭配1. wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反:从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反:从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反:从句用 would/could + 动词原形例句:I wish I were as tall as you. (我希望我和你一样高。

虚拟语气英语知识点总结

虚拟语气英语知识点总结

虚拟语气英语知识点总结一、虚拟语气的概念。

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测或建议等。

二、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法。

1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。

- 结构:从句(If + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)),主句(主语+ would/should/could/might+动词原形)。

- 例如:If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

实际上我不是你)2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。

- 结构:从句(If+主语+had+过去分词),主句(主语+would/should/could/might + have+过去分词)。

- 例如:If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam.(如果他听了我的建议,他就会通过考试了。

实际上他没听建议,也没通过考试)3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。

- 结构:从句(If+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形),主句(主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形)。

- 例如:If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们就会待在家里。

明天是否下雨还不确定,但这是一种假设情况)- 或者If he should come tomorrow, I would tell him the news.(如果他明天来,我就会告诉他这个消息)- 以及If I were to see her tomorrow, I would give her the book.(如果我明天见到她,我就会把书给她)三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。

1. wish后的宾语从句。

- 表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词用were)。

高中英语虚拟语气知识点

高中英语虚拟语气知识点

高中英语虚拟语气知识点虚拟语气是英语语法中一个重要的组成部分,虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与事实不符的假设等,不表示客观存在的事实。

虽然初中阶段虚拟语气不是重点,但是还是建议收藏,为以后打下基础哦!下面小编给大家分享一些英语虚拟语气知识,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!英语虚拟语气知识1表示与现在事实相反的情况从句:If+主语+动词一般过去时(be动词用were)主句:主语+ should/would/might/could+动词原形If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我就会带把伞。

(事实:我不是你)If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。

(事实:不知道)If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。

(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)英语虚拟语气知识2表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:If+主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her.如果我到那,我就会见到她。

(事实:去晚了)If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。

(事实:没有听我的话)英语虚拟语气知识3表示与将来事实相反从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+动词一般过去式(be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/might/could+doIf he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。

高中虚拟语气用法解析

高中虚拟语气用法解析

高中虚拟语气用法解析(完整版)一.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用非真实条件句:if引导的条件状语从句,但是实现该条件的可能性极小或不可能实现1.表示与过去事实相反Eg.If my car had been more reliable,I would have driven to my office.2.表示与现在事实相反Eg.In fact,it is certain that we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today.3.表示与将来事实相反Eg.If you succeed,everything would be all right.Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she were to live there,she wouldn't be able to see her parents.4.注意事项(1)W as不可以替代were,虚拟语气中,从句中be动词只有were(2)错综时间条件句:条件句的行为和主句行为发生的时间不一致,动词的形式按照主句和从句各自的时间调整。

Eg.If he had listened to me, he would not be in such trouble now. If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better.(3)虚拟条件句中的谓语动词含有were/ should /had 时,if可省略,而将were/ should /had 置于主语前面Eg.What would have happened had Bob walked farther as far as the river bank?Should he agree to go there, we should send him there. Were it Sunday tomorrow, we should go to the great wall.两个固定搭配:①Were it not for 要不是...就②Had it not been for 要不是...就If it were not for (Were it not for)the bad weather now, we would go to the park to fly kites.If it had not been for(Had it not been for) the bad weather yesterday, we would have gone to the park to fly kites. (4)含蓄虚拟条件句:有时假设的情况不是以if条件句来表示。

高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结精华(附答案)

高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结精华(附答案)

高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结精华(名师总结必考语法知识点)第一节语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。

不同的语气用动词的不同形式(有的还借助句法形式)来表示。

第二节虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实,而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中);一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。

它能实现下列交际功能:a.用来表达一个假设或纯粹的意愿(这种假设或意愿在多数情况下是与事实相反或不太可能实现的。

b. 经常用来缓和语气,使之更加委婉、礼貌、得体,使句子带有推测性和尝试性。

c. 表示烦恼、不耐烦等情绪。

d. 表示适度的责备或批评。

e. 表示美好的祝愿或祝福。

学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类:条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。

真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。

如:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I wi ll go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨,我就去野餐。

Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里,油就浮起来。

虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的,句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。

第三节虚拟语气在条件句中NOTE:使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点:1.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为:错综时间条件句“,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整.If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.如果你听我的建议,你现在就会痊愈了.2.在条件句中,可省略if,把were ,had, should 提到句首,变为倒装句式.(后面详细讲解)If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should (would, might,could)+动词原形。

高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结

高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结

高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结高中英语虚拟语气知识点总结虚拟语气是英语语法中一种用于描述假设、假想或可能性的语气。

在高中英语中,虚拟语气是一个相当重要的语法知识点。

本文将总结高中英语虚拟语气知识点,帮助学生更好地掌握虚拟语气的使用规则和技巧。

一、虚拟语气的定义及用途虚拟语气指的是表示假想、虚构、愿望、建议等情况的语气。

它强调实现的可能性很小或很远,或者根本就不可能实现。

虚拟语气通常使用“if”引导条件从句或用于表达思想、态度。

虚拟语气的用途主要有以下几个方面:1. 表示假想或虚构情况例如:If I were you, I would not do that.(如果我是你,我不会那么做。

)2. 表示可能性很小或很远例如:If you asked him, he might help you.(如果你问他,他可能会帮你。

)3. 表示愿望、要求或建议例如:I wish I could speak fluent English.(我希望我能说流利的英语。

)二、虚拟语气的形式虚拟语气形式主要有以下几种:1. 虚拟语气的过去式:在虚拟语气中,一般用过去式来表示对现在或未来的虚拟。

例如:If I had more time, I would read more books.(如果我有更多时间,我就会多看书。

)2. 虚拟语气的过去完成式:过去完成式用于表示“如果过去已经发生了某些事情,结果会是怎样”。

例如:If I had studied harder in high school, I would have gone to a better college.(如果我在高中时学习更努力,我就能进入更好的大学。

)3. 虚拟语气的“would + 动词原形”形式:“would +动词原形”形式通常用于表示愿望、要求、建议或者可能性。

例如:I wish you would stop smoking.(我希望你戒烟。

)If you would like to come, you are welcome.(如果你愿意来,欢迎你。

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高中英语重点语法-虚拟语气全攻略一、虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气包含两种:一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。

“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类;even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类;wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望,还是属于这一类。

另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。

如suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。

二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气1.表达和建议、要求、命令、主张等含义相关的名词性从句,一律用主语+should+动词原形(should可以省略)结构。

具体涉及到这些动词以及它们的名词形式:一坚持(主张):insist二命令:order,command三要求:require,request,demand四建议:suggest,advise,propose,recommend例如:It was suggested that he(should)join in the club activities.(主语从句)I suggested that he(should)join in the club activities.(宾语从句)I had an suggestion that he(should)join in the club activities.(同位语从句)My suggestion was that he(should)join in the club activities.(表语从句)这四句话表达同一个意思:我建议他加入这个俱乐部的活动。

2.表示重要性、必要性、吃惊等时,一律用it is+形容词+that+主语+should+动词原形(should 可以省略)结构。

例如:It's important that you (should) study English hard.努力学习英语是很重要的。

It's necessary that you (should) praise your students as much as possible.尽可能多的表扬你的学生是有必要的。

It is strange that she (should) not have been invited.很奇怪她竟然没有被邀请。

3. ①wish 后面所跟的宾语从句,其谓语动词用虚拟语气(意为“要是/但愿…就好了”),其形式主要有三种:表示对现在情况的虚拟:wish+一般过去时的宾语从句;表示对过去情况的虚拟:wish+ 过去完成时的宾语从句;表示对将来情况的虚拟:wish+would/could+动词原形。

I wish it were spring all year round.我希望一年四季都是春天。

I wish it would be fine tomorrow.我希望明天天气好。

She wished she had stayed at home then.她希望她当时待在家里。

if only 后接从句也用虚拟语气,其形式与wish的用法一致。

②would rather 后面所跟的宾语从句,其谓语动词用虚拟语气(意为“宁愿......”),其形式主要有两种:表示对现在/将来情况的虚拟:wish+一般过去时的宾语从句;表示对过去情况的虚拟:wish+ 过去完成时的宾语从句三、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1.表示与现在事实相反的情况从句:If+主语+did(be动词用were)主句:主语+ should/would/might/could+doIf there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。

(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。

(事实:我不可能是你)If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。

(事实:不知道)2.表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:If+主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。

(事实:没有听我的话)If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。

(事实:去晚了)3.表示与将来事实相反的情况从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+过去式(be动词用were)主句:主语+should/would/might/could+doIf he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。

(事实:不可能来)If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。

(事实:不可能来)If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would go skating.如果下周日下大雪,我们就去滑冰。

(事实:不可能下雪)注意事项:①错综时间句:即虚拟条件状语从句与虚拟主句中谓语动作的时间不一致。

If he knew her,he would have greeted her that day.如果他认识她的话,他肯定会去问候她了。

If they had informed us,we would not come here now.如果他们通知过我们的话,我们现在就不会来这里了。

If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话,我现在也会成为一个工程师了。

②虚拟条件句中的省略:当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had 时,if 可以省略,这时条件从句要用倒装语序,即把were,should,had等词置于句首,这种多用于书面语。

Should he agree to go there,we would send him there.要是他答应去的话,我们就派他去了。

Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here.如果他懂一些电脑知识的话,我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。

Were she here,she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话,她会同意我们的。

③用其它形式表达虚拟条件:虚拟条件状语从句有时不表达出来,只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或用其它方式表示出来。

如without…,but for…(要不是...)等。

But for his help,we would be working now.要不是他的帮助,我们还会在工作呢。

We didn't know his telephone number,otherwise we would have telephoned him.我们不知道他的电话号码,否则我们就会给他打电话。

Without your instruction,I would not have made such great progress.要是没有你的指导,我不会取得如此大的进步。

④在虚拟语气的从句中,动词be的过去时态一律用were,不用was。

If I were you,I would go to look for him.如果我是你,就会去找他。

⑤在虚拟条件句中,should/would/might/could四个词只能用should;在虚拟主句中,主语只有是第一人称时,才能用should。

If he had got there earlier, he would have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。

If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。

四、其它从句中的虚拟语气1.虚拟语气用在状语从句中①由as if 或as though 所引导的方式状浯从句,若从句与事实相反,则要用虚拟语气。

其形式如下:②由even if 或even though 所引导的让步状语从句,若从句与事实相反,则从句和主句都要用虚拟语气。

其形式如下:2.虚拟语气用在定语从句中在it is (high) time that…句型中也用虚拟语气,从句常用过去式,有时也用should+动词原形,表示该做而没做的事,含建议的意味。

It is time that we went home.=It is time that we should go home.我们该回家了。

It is time we left. =It is time we should leave.我们该走了。

It is time we summed up our results.= It is time we should sum up our results. 我们该总结我们的成绩了。

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