脊髓损伤后脊髓回路及功能的恢复与重组

脊髓损伤后脊髓回路及功能的恢复与重组
奥地利帕拉塞尔苏斯医科大学脊髓损伤及组织再生研究中心Dr. Raffaele Nardone研究发现，外伤性脊髓损伤患者电生理可检测出三叉神经- 颈反射和三叉神经-脊髓反射，而在健康对照组人群中未检测到这些相关数据。

此外，正常人群的颈部肌肉的肌电反应的振幅显著高于脊髓损伤的患者。

Dr. Raffaele Nardone认为，这些结果的获得可能涉及三叉神经传入和颈脊髓运动神经元之间的路
径的功能重组。

三叉神经- 颈脊髓反射可用于演示和量化脊髓损伤后脑干和颈水平以下的可塑性变化。

此观点发表在《中国神经再生研究（英文版）》杂志上（2015年10卷2期）。

Article: "Reorganization of spinal neural circuitry and functional recovery after spinal cord injury" by Raffaele Nardone1,2, Eugen Trinka2 (1Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria ; 2Department of Neurology, Franz Tappeiner Hospital, Merano, Italy
Nardone R, Trinka E (2015) Reorganization of spinal neural circuitry and functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 10(2):201-202.
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Neural Regen Res
Reorganization of spinal neural circuitry and functional recovery after spinal cord injury The ability of the adult central nervous system to reorganize its circuits over time is the key to understand the functional improvement in subjects with spinal cord injury (SCI). Adaptive changes within spared neuronal circuits may occur at cortical, brainstem, or spinal cord level, both above and below a spinal lesion. The use of electrophysiological techniques to assess these functional changes in neural networks is of great interest, because invasive methodologies as employed in preclinical models can obviously not be used in clinical studies.
Dr. Raffaele Nardone, from Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical
University, found that, the TCR and TSR were examined in a group of patients after traumatic
incomplete (ASIA score B, C or D) SCI at cervical level. In healthy subjects reflex responses were registered from the sternocleidomastoid and splenium muscles, while no responses were obtained from upper limb muscles. Conversely, smaller but clear short latency EMG potentials were recorded from deltoid and biceps muscles in about half of the SCI patients. Moreover, the amplitudes of the EMG responses in the neck muscles were significantly higher in the SCI patients. These findings are thought to be the functional correlate of a reorganizational process that involves the pathways between trigeminal afferents and cervical spinal cord motoneurons. This reflex activity is likely to represent an expression of regenerative sprouting of fibers denied their original target populations by the SCI. The anatomical sites at which the trigemino-spinal reflex responses are integrated and propagate up the brainstem and down the spinal cord can be hypothesized on the basis of experimental studies. Since the TCR and TSR appear at the same latencies and share the same cranio-caudal progression as the motor responses involved in the startle reflex, it can been hypothesized that the anatomical neuronal pathways mediating TCR, TSR and startle reflex could be, at least in part, the same. The anatomical substrate for the startle reflex is well established in both animals and humans. A better understanding about the capability of the SCN to reorganize its circuits after injury is a key for developing rehabilitative strategies in persons with SCI. Electrophysiological studies may shed light on the functional mechanisms promoting the rewiring of lesioned motor tracts following SCI. The perspective article is published in Neural Regeneration Research (Vol. 10, No. 2, 2015).
Article: "Reorganization of spinal neural circuitry and functional recovery after spinal cord injury" by Raffaele Nardone1,2, Eugen Trinka2 (1Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria ; 2Department of Neurology, Franz Tappeiner Hospital, Merano, Italy
Nardone R, Trinka E (2015) Reorganization of spinal neural circuitry and functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 10(2):201-202.。