代词one, the one, that及those的用法辨析
代词one,theone,that及those的用法辨析
李春【来源：新高考(高三语数外)】代词辨析实际上是一类比较难的试题，很多同学往往混淆其中难以理清，本文就有关易混的几个代词来作一下重点的剖析并通过强化训练来帮助同学们更好地掌握有关代词的用法:一、代词one 与the one 的用法请看以下几个例句:( 1) It is a very colorful event, one that has become an institution (习俗，风俗) for celebrating the King or Queen’s birthday since 1805. ( 2) Meeting my uncle after all these years is an unforgettable moment, one that I will treasure forever.( 3) Tom wants to buy a birthday present for his mother, one that is useful but not expensive.( 4) Never forget that within even the weakest of human bodies lies a life that is precious indeed—one that needs to be respected and honored.分析通过对以上例句的观察我们可以发现代词one 在以上例句中均充当同位语这一成分，且代词one 后面都有由that 引导的定语从句来修饰，此处为何选择使用one 呢? 因为此处代词one 分别指前文中的a very colorful event，an unforgettablemoment，a birthday present，a life，也就是说one 一词表示泛指( 且只能指代可数名词) , 指代前文中的泛指结构，前文中泛指结构中通常有不定代词a。
代词it。one。ones。that。those的用法和区别
代词it。
one。
ones。
that。
those的用法和区别it代指前面提到的事物，没有特定的限定；that代指前面提到的特定的事物，通常与the连用；the one代指前面提到的特定的事物，强调的是单个事物。
如：I saw a bird in the tree。
It was singing.我在树上看到了一只鸟。
它在唱歌。
I saw a bird in the tree。
That bird was singing.我在树上看到了一只鸟。
那只鸟在唱歌。
I saw two birds in the tree。
The one on the left was singing.我在树上看到了两只鸟。
左边那只在唱歌。
⑷.that和those区别：that代指离说话人较近的事物，通常用于单数形式；those代指离说话人较远的事物，通常用于复数形式。
如：That book on the desk is XXX.那本书在桌子上是我的。
XXX.那些书在书架上是她的。
One can only replace countable nouns。
and the plural form is ones。
On the other hand。
that can replace uncountable nouns and countable nouns。
and the plural form is those。
For example。
"There are a lot of apples in the basket。
please pick out the bad ones." "The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai."The difference een it and that is that it is used to refer to the same thing。
区别+例题代词it__one__that和those用法说明[1]
![区别+例题代词it__one__that和those用法说明[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/0c2c97ad3968011ca30091b8.png)
代词it, one, that和those用法说明为了避免重复出现前面已经出现的名词，常用it, one, that, those来替代。
这几个替代词是高考中的一个常考点。
现将各个替代词的用法归纳如下：用法说明一：it和that都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，都是特指，都可替代可数和不可数名词，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。
如：My father bought me a pen and I like it very much.我父亲给我买了一支钢笔，我非常喜欢它。
(it替代the pen，指前面提到的父亲给我买的那支钢笔)This dictionary is more useful than that (=the one)I bought yesterday.这本词典比我昨天买的更有用。
(that替代the dictionary，与前面的this dictionary是同类)用法说明二：one替代“a＋单数可数名词”，表示泛指；其复数形式ones替代泛指的复数名词。
特指的the one相当于that，替代“the+单数名词”；the one的复数形式the ones，替代“the+复数名词”，在口语中也常用those代替。
当后面有of短语时，多用that 或those；当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)。
另外，one(s), the one(s), those 都只能替代可数名词。
如：Radios are useful for me to learn English. I’d like to buy one.收音机对我学英语很有用，我想买一台。
(one替代a radio，是泛指收音机这类东西中的一台) We still have shortcomings，and they are very big ones too.我们还有缺点，而且是很大的缺点。
代词one the one that及those的用法辨析
代词one, the one, that及those的用法辨析李春【来源：新高考(高三语数外)】代词辨析实际上是一类比较难的试题，很多同学往往混淆其中难以理清，本文就有关易混的几个代词来作一下重点的剖析并通过强化训练来帮助同学们更好地掌握有关代词的用法:一、代词one 与the one 的用法请看以下几个例句:( 1) It is a very colorful event, one that has become an institution (习俗，风俗) for celebrating the King or Queen’s birthday since 1805.( 2) Meeting my uncle after all these years is an unforgettable moment, one that I will treasure forever.( 3) Tom wants to buy a birthday present for his mother, one that is useful but not expensive.( 4) Never forget that within even the weakest of human bodies lies a life that is precious indeed—one that needs to be respected and honored.分析通过对以上例句的观察我们可以发现代词one 在以上例句中均充当同位语这一成分，且代词one 后面都有由that 引导的定语从句来修饰，此处为何选择使用one 呢? 因为此处代词one 分别指前文中的a very colorful event，an unforgettablemoment，a birthday present，a life，也就是说one 一词表示泛指( 且只能指代可数名词) , 指代前文中的泛指结构，前文中泛指结构中通常有不定代词a。
代词it,one,ones,the one,that,those的用法
She would rather have the small one than the large one.
4.当有后置修饰语时，通常用the one 如：
My room is better than the one next door.
We can lend you plastic chairs or metal ones.
one只能替代可数名词单数，替代可数名词用复数用ones。that既可以替代可数名词单数又可以替代不可数名词，代替可数名词复数用those.
Green apples often taste better than red one.
These chairs have the great advantage of being much cheaper than conventional ones.
四 代替表特指的复数名词通常用the ones
I'd like to try on those shoes.The ones at the front of the window.
Are they the ones who moved here recently?
Don't buy the expensive apples;get the cheaper ones.
1 当替代词one/ones紧跟在形容词最高级，序数词以及this/that/these/those/which/either/neither/another等限定词之后时通常可以省略。如：
I think my dog's the faster(one)
替代词one,ones,that,those在比较结构中的用法辨析
在⽐较结构中，为了避免重复，常⽤替代词替代名词词组或它的中⼼词。
可以这样⽤的替代词常⽤的且较难掌握的有one，ones，that和those. I.替代词one和ones的⽤法： 1.one只能替代单数名词，one的复数形式ones只能替代复数名词。
例如： My child doesn't like this book.Show her a more interesting one. 2.替代词one或ones必须带有⼀个限定或修饰词，它们和所替代的名词中⼼词所指不⼀定是同⼀对象，这是替代词one或ones在⽤法上的⼀个重要特征。
例如： I don't like this book.I'd like a more interesting one. 3.当替代词one或ones带有后置修饰语时，它们前⾯总有定冠词。
例如： Our new cassette is more expensive than the one we had before. 4.当替代词one或ones在形容词⽐较级、级以及某些限定词如this，that， which和序数词等之后，可以省略。
例如： This book is much better than that（one）。
5.替代词one或ones通常不⽤在物主代词和名词所有格之后。
如不可说my one（s），your one（s），Peter's one（s）等等。
one或 ones也不能⽤在own之后。
但是，如果有了形容词，one（s）可以和物主代词及名词所有格连⽤。
如： My cheap camera seems to be just as good as John's expensive one. 6.one作替代词时，在of前⾯不能⽤ the one来表⽰所属关系和类似概念。
如不可说： ＊He put down his gun and picked up the one of Henry. 该⽤⼀个所有格来表⽰ He picked up Henry's. 7.当两个形容词表⽰对照的意思时，不能使⽤替代词 one.仅在其中⼀个形容词后加上名词即可。
代词 those , the ones, one, ones 等的用法
代词 those , the ones, one, ones 等的用法
以下是关于这些代词的用法说明：
1. Those：those 是复数形式的代词，用来指代离说话者和听话者都较远的人或物。
例如：
- Have you seen those shoes? They are so stylish.
2. The ones：the ones 是 those 的强调形式，用来特指前面提到过的事物。
它可以用来代替特定的名词。
例如：
- I like the red dress, but the blue one is too expensive.
3. One：one 是不定代词，用来指代一个不特定的人或物。
它可以用来代替单个的名词、一个人或一组人中的任何一个。
例如：
- I need a white shirt. Do you have one?
- In our group, everyone has his or her own role. John is the one who manages the finances.
4. Ones：ones 通常用来指代前面提到过的多个事物，是指那些事物的复数形式。
例如：
- Which jacket do you prefer, the red one or the blue one? - I like the blue ones better.
需要注意的是，这些代词的使用要根据上下文来确定，以确保对人或物的指代准确无误。
代词one、it、that、those等的区别？
代词one、it、that、those等的区别？（1）one 英[w?n] 美[w?n] 复数：onesnum.1.(数字)一2.（代替 a 或 an，表示强调）n.1.一个人, 任何人, 人们2.(表示与别的对照)某一例〔类〕3.玩笑，笑话pron.1.用于代替表示单个的事或人的名词或名词短语2.(表示某人的行为令人惊讶或滑稽)你可真行，可了不得3.一致地；全体；同时4.(与…)完全一致，融为一体；赞同(…)5.喜欢(或经常、长于)做某事6.胜过一筹；强过某人7.(用于加强语气)我(或你等)就是其中之一8.占上风；胜过；占优势9.一下子明白(或猜到)10.喝多了11.集于一身；合为一体12.几乎可以肯定…(不)会做某事13.一个接一个地；相继14.各位；大家；每个人15.(用于强调)有名的，绝无仅有的，唯一的16.(表示强调)就是同一个17.一个接一个；逐一18.都差不多；大同小异19.（用于一般地谈论过去或将来的某个时间）20.（用来避免重复已提过的或是听者已知的事物的名称21.（用于辨别所谈的人或事）22.人们，本人23.（举止）有趣的人，令人惊奇的人adj.1.某一个2.某一3.同一个4.惟一的数词 num.1.(数字)一A person has one head and one neck.人有一个头和一条脖子。
Please turn to Chapter One.请翻到第一章。
2.（代替 a 或 an，表示强调）名词 n.1.一个人, 任何人, 人们One can’t be too careful in matters like this.在这种问题上再怎么小心都不为过。
He was very young, not more than twenty-three or four, as indeed one could see at a glance.他非常年轻, 不会超过23、24岁, 任何人一眼就会看出来。
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代词one, the one, that及those的用法辨析李春【来源：新高考(高三语数外)】代词辨析实际上是一类比较难的试题，很多同学往往混淆其中难以理清，本文就有关易混的几个代词来作一下重点的剖析并通过强化训练来帮助同学们更好地掌握有关代词的用法:一、代词one 与the one 的用法请看以下几个例句:( 1) It is a very colorful event, one that has become an institution (习俗，风俗) for celebrating the King or Queen’s birthday since 1805. ( 2) Meeting my uncle after all these years is an unforgettable moment, one that I will treasure forever.( 3) Tom wants to buy a birthday present for his mother, one that is useful but not expensive.( 4) Never forget that within even the weakest of human bodies lies a life that is precious indeed—one that needs to be respected and honored.分析通过对以上例句的观察我们可以发现代词one 在以上例句中均充当同位语这一成分，且代词one 后面都有由that 引导的定语从句来修饰，此处为何选择使用one 呢因为此处代词one 分别指前文中的a very colorful event，an unforgettablemoment，a birthday present，a life，也就是说one 一词表示泛指( 且只能指代可数名词) , 指代前文中的泛指结构，前文中泛指结构中通常有不定代词a。
请比较下一个例题:All of us have the desire to visit the three main temples in Athens，especially the one that contains a gold and ivory statue of Athena.分析此例中使用了代词the one，此处的the one 成分也为同位语且后面也跟带有that 引导的定语从句，但是此处的the one 指代的是前文中的the threemain temples 中的一座庙，前文所提及的三座庙本为特指，因此后续句中的代词也应使用特指来指代，指雅典的三座庙中的那一座“有金和象牙铸成的雅典娜雕像”的庙。
【典题例析】Last Sunday, I went shopping for the perfect dress， would make me look younger.( 2009苏州高三调研)A. one in whichB. the one in whichC. one thatD. the one that分析本例中选择代词the one，因为the one 代替前面的the perfect dress 为特指，因此，此处的同位语使用the one，并且不定代词为先行词后面应使用that 来引导。
故答案为D。
二、代词that 的用法代词that 的指代为特指，并且我们通常归纳为“同物异指”，即代词that 指代的物体与前文中的物体是同样的名称，但是有不同的内涵，另外代词that 可以指代前文中的不可数名词，如:The climate of Jilin is not so mild as that of Jiangsu. 吉林的气候不如江苏温和。
代词that 指代前文中climate，同样都是climate，前文中为吉林的气候，而后文中that 所指代的气候是江苏的气候，名称相同但内涵不一样，这就是所谓的“同物异指”。
此处代词that 指代的climate 即为不可数名词。
◆代词that 与one 的区别:that 指代可数名词单数或者不可数名词，为特指， that 代替可数名词单数时等同于the one。
one 指代可数名词单数，为泛指。
The weather in Beijing in winter is colder than that of Shanghai. 北京的天气比上海的天气要冷。
As they are retired，Mr. and Mrs. Scot prefer a house in the countryto one in a large city. 因为他们退休了，司各特先生和太太宁愿要一座农村里的房子也不愿要一座大城市里的房子。
【典题例析】Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with of their parents. ( 2009 江苏卷)A. thoseB. oneC. bothD. that分析此例中的代词that 指代前文中的 approach 为特指，前文中approach 为90% 的父母教育孩子的方法，而后文中代词that 所指代的 approach 为这90%的父母的父母教育他们的方法，代词that 为“同物异指”。
故答案为D。
三、代词those 的用法that 可代替不可数名词，也可代替可数名词单数，代替可数名词单数时等同于the one，表示特指意义; those 只能代替可数名词复数，等同于the ones。
The days in summer are longer than those in winter. 夏天要比冬天长一些。
分析代词those 指代前文中的复数the days。
【典题例析】Despite the negative image of nuclear energy, actually its public safety risks are no greater than of fossil fuels. ( 2011 南京三调)A. oneB. thatC. themD. those分析代词those 指代前文中的public safety risks，指代前文中的复数名词用those 符合题意，句子意思为: 尽管核能的形象比较负面，但是实际上核能的公共安全危害性还不如矿物燃料的公共安全危害性大。
故答案为D。
专项训练1. —Mike, have you ever heard of the latest water heater using solar energy—Yes, of course, but I haven’t decided whether to buy . ( 2011 南通一调)A. itB. oneC. thisD. that2. The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than in any other area of the city. ( 2010 陕西卷)A. thatB. thisC. itD. one3. The high housing price has become a serious problem among young people in China, the government hasn’t yet found a better solution to. ( 2011泰州一模)A. the oneB. thatC. oneD. those4. My most famous relative of all, who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great-grandfather.A. oneB. the oneC. heD. someone5. He in the U. K. for about ten years so far，but his lifestyle differs little from of his people back in China.A. has lived; thoseB. had been living; onesC. has been living; thatD. has been living; one6. —What do you think of the book Harry Potter—Harry Potter is a world of magic and wonders, anything can happen.A. one thatB. one whichC. the one whereD. one where7. To prevent cybercrimes more efficiently, it is important to make new laws and create international standards for them similar to concerning international airspace.A. thatB. whatC. oneD. those8. Many people agree that there has never been a more splendid opening ceremony than of the Guangzhou Asian Games in history.A. oneB. thatC. whichD. thisKeys: 1 ～ 5 BACBC 6 ～ 8 DDB。