《忆老舍》阅读和答案解析
《忆老舍》阅读和答案解析 忆老舍
梁实秋
最近我到美国去， 无意中看到我的女儿文蔷收藏的一个小册， 其中有一页是 老舍的题字。这是四十多年前的事了，当时老舍和我都住在四川北碚。老舍先是 住在林语堂先生所有的一栋小洋房的楼上靠近楼梯的一小间房屋， 房间很小， 一 床一桌，才可容身。他独自一人，以写作自遣。有一次我问他写小说 进度如何，他说每天写上七百字，不多写。他身体不大好，患胃下垂，走路 微微有些佝偻着腰，脸上显着苍老。老舍为人和蔼可亲，平易近人，但是内心却 很孤独。 后来老舍搬离了那个地方， 搬到马路边的一排平房中的一间。 这个地方离我 的雅舍很近，所以我和老舍见面的机会较多。有一天我带着文蔷去看他，文蔷那 时候就读沙坪坝南开中学初中，还是十来岁的小孩子。请人签名 题字是年轻学生们的习气。 老舍欣然提笔， 为她写下“身体强学问好才是最 好的公民”十三个字。 虽然是泛泛的鼓励后进的话， 但也可以看出老舍之朴实无 华的亲切的态度。 抗战初，老舍和我一样，只身出走到后方，家眷由济南送到北平。他写信给 朋友说：“妻小没办法出来，我得向他们告别，我是家长，现在得把他们交给命 运。”后来我曾问其夫人近况，他故作镇定地说：“她的情况很好，现服务于一 所民众图书馆——就是中央公园里那个‘五色土’的后面的那座大楼。 ”事实上， 抗战到了末期的时候北平居民生活非常困苦，几近无以为生的地步。不久，老舍 的夫人胡絜青女士来到了后方， 在北碚住了不久便和老舍搬走， 好像是搬到重庆 附近什么乡下去了。他离去不久有一封信给我，附近作律诗六首。诗写得不错， 可以从而窥见他的心情，他自叹中年喜静，无钱买酒，半老无官，文章为命，一 派江湖流浪人的写照! 老舍之死，好久是一个谜。现在不是谜了。他死得惨。我们的了解是，他不 是溺死在一个小湖的水里， 他是陈尸在一个小湖的岸边。 他的尸首很快地火化了， 但是他的骨灰盒里没有骨灰!像老舍这样的一个人， 一向是平正通达、 与世无争，
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他的写作一向是属于写实主义，而且是深表同情于贫苦的大众。从任何方面讲， 他也不应该有他那样的结局。然而，不应该发生的事居然发生了。 老舍最后一部小说是《正红旗下》，这部小说没有写完是一憾事。这部自传 性质的小说和以往作品不同，态度较严肃，不再在口语文字方面的诙谐取巧。毫 无隐避的这是自传性质的一部小说，不过究竟是小说，不是自传，背景是真的， 故事 穿插有真有假。从这部小说中我们可以明了老舍的身世。 （选自梁实秋《槐园梦忆》，有删改。） 17.简要概括本文的写作思路。（6 分） 18.文章有哪些内容表现了老舍的“平正通达，与世无争”？试作概括。 （4 分） 19.文章最后一段提到的“憾事”应该怎样理解？（4 分） 17.答案：先从女儿册子里老舍的题字引出回忆；再回顾自己与老舍在北碚 交往的往事；最后对老舍的死和他的《正红旗下》作出评价。（以上三点，每点 2 分） 18.答案：①独居陋室，以写作自遣；②平易近人，鼓励后劲；③忍受苦难， 辗转流离。（以上三点，每点 1 分，答对三点给 4 分） 19.答案：①《正红旗下》是老舍的一部不同于以往作品的小说，它的未完 成是文学 界的一大遗憾； ②我们失去了通过这部小说明了老舍身世的机会， 对读者而 言是一大遗憾。（以上两点，每点 2 分
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文学类文本老舍的《四世同堂》阅读练习及答案复习进程
文学类文本老舍的《四世同堂》阅读练 习及答案
（三）文学类文本阅读（本题共 3 小题，15 分） 阅读下面的文字，完成7 - 9 题。 四世同堂（节选） 老舍 祁瑞宣在出狱的第四天，遇见了钱默吟先生。 钱先生的脸很黑很瘦，一些杂乱无章的胡子遮住了嘴。这已经不像个诗人的脸，而颇像练过武功的人的面孔，瘦而硬棒。 钱先生的胡子下面发出一点笑意，笑得大方，美好，而且真诚。“走吧，谈谈去！“钱先生低声地说。 瑞宣好久好久就渴盼和老人谈一谈。 他们进了个小茶馆。钱先生要了碗白开水。 ＂喝碗茶吧？“瑞宣很恭敬地问，抢先付了茶资。 “士大夫的习气须一律除去，我久已不喝茶了！“钱先生吸了一小口滚烫的开水。“把那些习气剥净，咱们才能还原儿，成为老百姓。你看，爬在战壕里打仗的全是不吃茶的百姓，而不是穿大衫，喝香片的士大夫。” 瑞宣看了看自己的长袍。 这时候，天已经黑了。小茶馆里点起一些菜油灯。 “钱伯伯，“瑞宣低声地叫。“家去，吃点什么，好不好？” 老人毫不迟疑的拒绝了：“不去！见着你的祖父和小顺子，我就想起我自己从前的生活来，那使我不好过。……你认识你们胡同里的牛赦授？” “不认识。干吗？” “不认识就算了。你总该认识尤桐芳喽？” 瑞宣点点头。
“她是有心胸的，你应该照应她一点！我也教给了她那个字杀!" “杀谁？” ＂该杀的人很多！能消灭几个日本人固然好，去杀掉几个什么冠晓荷、大赤包之类的东西也好。这次的抗战应当是中华民族的大扫除，一方面须赶走敌人，一方面也该扫除清了自己的垃圾。我们的传统的升官发财的观念，封建的思想一就是一方面想做高官，一方面又甘心做奴隶一一－家庭制度，教育方法，和苟且偷安的习惯，都是民族的遗传病。这些病，在国家太平的时候，会使历史无声无色的，平凡的，像一条老牛似的往前慢慢的增；及至国家遇到危难，这些病就像三期梅毒似的，一下子溃烂到底。” “我怎么照应她呢？＂瑞室相当难堪地问。”给她打气，鼓励她！“老人慢慢地往起立。 瑞宣还不肯动。他要把想了半天的一句话一”对于我，你有什么教训呢?" 一说出来。可是，他又不敢说。假若钱伯伯教他狠心地离开家庭，他敢不敢呢？他把那句话咽了下去，也慢慢地立起来。 两个人出了茶馆，瑞宣舍不得和钱老人分手。走了几步，老人立住，说：＂瑞宣，送君千里终须别，你回家吧！” 瑞宣握住了老人的手。“伯父，我们是不是能常见面呢？” “不便常见！我们多见一面，便多耗费一些工夫；耗费在闲谈上！这不上算。” 瑞宣无可如何地松开手。手中像有一股热气流出去，他茫然地立在那里，看着钱先生在灯影中慢慢地走去。 到了家，他感到疲倦。很早的，他便睡了觉。
英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析及解析
英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses claiming that it is easy and quick to learn English. There is even a reference to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to encourage learners even more. When I see advertisements like this, I don't know whether to laugh or cry. But many people must believe these ridiculous claims, or else the advertisements would not appear. Of course it is clear that students who go to England to learn English have a great advantage over others, but too many cannot afford to do so. Some go to the opposite extreme and think they can teach themselves at home with dictionaries. But it is wrong to assume that each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language, let alone produces good pronunciation and intonation. Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making sentences. If we were parrots or chimpanzees, these methods might be successful. A large number of theorists seem to think it is a pity we aren't, because it would make it easier to use their methods. In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak English or any other language unless he is interested in it. Human beings, unlike parrots and chimpanzees, do not like making noises unless they understand what the noises mean and can relate them to their own lives. It is worth remembering that language is a means of communication. What they listen to and read cannot be a formula. It must be real. There is another relevant point worth mentioning here. We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life language. （1）Many people believe advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses probably because . A. they are encouraged by William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens B. they are eager to learn and then believe them C. the ways advertised can help them to save time and efforts D. the ways advertised prove effective and helpful （2）What may behaviorists argue towards English learning? A. Human beings make more interesting noises than parrots and chimpanzees. B. Human beings should relate their speech to their own lives. C. Language is a formula with lots of repetitions and practices. D. Language is a means of communication. （3）What opinion does the author hold? A. A quick method that suits all the students does exist. B. English can be mastered within a very short period of time. C. Each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language. D. No one can learn English well without being interested in it.
任务型阅读专项练习和答案
任务型阅读专项练习和答案 一、英语任务型阅读 1．阅读信息，为每段选择恰当的标题。 Here is a page from a magazine named Future. Read the following information about things that may happen in the future. ________⑴Cars will run on solar power（太阳能）or electricity and will be much cleaner. They will be much safer. For example, if you are too close to another car or if you are driving dangerously, your car will slow down by itself. ________⑵Because there won't be any spare land, new cities will have to be built in the sea. Some cities on water will have two levels. People will live on the upper level, and the lower level will be used for traffic, shops and factories. ________⑶Biotechnology will make food better and healthier. Plants that are not affected by insects or illnesses will be developed. The taste of fruits and vegetables will be better and food will be kept longer. ________⑷New technology will be used to make TVs that are only 5cm thick. They will have pictures that are as clear as photos. Electrical appliances will be quieter and will be controlled by computer. They will also use 50% less power. ________⑸Many new ways to cure illnesses will be successful by using products of genetic engineering （基因产品）. Cures will be found for the flu and the common cold. However, some new illnesses will appear. 【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了未来社会在能源交通，城市建设，生物技术以及医药方面的一些变化。 A. Better and healthier food will be developed with the help of biotechnology. 在生物技术的帮助下，将开发出更好、更健康的食品。 B. TVs made by new technology are not only 5cm thick but also as clear as photos. 新技术生产的电视机不仅有5厘米厚，而且像照片一样清晰。 C. Cars will be much cleaner and safer if they run on solar power or electricity. 如果汽车使用太阳能或电力，将会更加清洁和安全。 D. Some new illnesses will appear though many new ways to cure illnesses will be successful. 一些新的疾病将会出现，尽管许多治疗疾病的新方法将会成功。 E. The future cities will be built in the sea because of less land. 未来的城市将建在海里，因为陆地较少。 （1）根据文中语句Cars will run on solar power（太阳能）or electricity and will be much cleaner. 提示可知，此段讲述的是新能源汽车的优点，故选C。
文学类文本老舍《恋》阅读练习及答案
(三)文学类文本阅读(本题共3小题，15分) 阅读下面的文字，完成7~9题。 恋 庄先生是济南的一位小绅士。他不过是普通的大学毕业生，有时候作作科员，有时候去当当中学教师。 路旁旧货摊上的一张旧黄纸，或是一个破扇面，都会使他从老远就杀住脚步，慢慢地凑到摊前。他爱字画。先随手地摸摸这个，动动那个，然后笑一笑，问问价钱。最后，才顺手把那张旧纸或扇面拿起来，看看，摇摇头，放下；走出两步，回头问问价钱，或开口就说出价钱:“这个破扇面、给五毛钱吧。” 块儿八毛的，一块两块的，他把那些满是虫孔的，乌七八黑的，折皱得像老太婆的脸似的宝贝，拿回去。晚上，他锁好了屋门，才翻过来掉过去地去欣赏，然后编了号数，极用心地打上图章，放在一只大桶木箱里。 大小布政司街的古玩铺，他也时常地进去看看。他只能买那值三五块钱的“残篇断简”，或是没有行市的小名家的作品。每逢进到这些满目琳琅的铺子里，他就感到自己的寒酸。他本来没有什么野心，但是一进古玩店。他便想到假若发了财，把那几幅最名贵的字画买回家去，盖上自己的图章，该是多么得意的事呀! 庄先生成了好几家古玩铺的朋友。香烟热茶，不用说，是每去必有了:他们还有时候约他吃老酒呢。他不再渐愧。果然不出所料，他给他们介绍了生意。 商人们又打了个好主意，把他称作“收藏山东小名家的专家”。以庄先生的财力，收藏家这头衔是永远加不到他身上的。而今，他居然被称为收藏家了，于是也就不管那个称号里边所含的讽刺，庄先生想名符其实地真去作个专家。他开始注意山东省的小名家。现在，他肯花一二十块，甚至三十块钱，买一张字或画了。他不惜和朋友们借读，或把大衣送到当铺去。 在七七抗战那年的春天，朋友们给庄亦雅贺了四十的寿日。前些日子，杨可昌——济南的一位所谓的收藏家——居然带来两个日本人来看他的收藏。在四十的寿日这天一想，这的确有很大的意义。连日本人都来参观，哼，他的这点收藏已使他有了国际的声誉! 寿日的第二天，他发了个新的誓愿：我，庄亦雅，要有一件真值钱的东西! 夏初，一家小古玩商得到一张石谿[注]的大幅山水、杨可昌与庄亦雅前后得到了消息。杨先生想赚一笔钱，庄先生想花一笔钱买过来，作传家之宝。 最后，杨先生，看时机已熟，递了个价——二百五十元。 庄先生也看准了那张画。跑了不知多少次，看了不知多少回，他断定那一定是真的。但是，每看一次，他的难过也增加了许多。他没有钱。 及至听到杨先生出了二百五十圆的价，他不能再考虑，不能再坐。一口气，他跑到小古玩店。 画儿打开。愣了一会儿，他低声地说: “我给五百!明天交钱!怎样?” 他得到了商家的“好吧”两个字。他昏迷了一小会儿。然后疯也似地跑回家，把太太的金银首饰，不容分说地，一股拢总都抢过来，飞快地又往回跑。 他得到了那张画。 七七抗战。庄亦雅也与别人一样，受了极大的刺激，日夜期待着胜利的消息。敌人已越过德州。庄先生决定不带着太太，而只带着石谿与山东小名家逃出去。但是，走不成。敌机天天炸火车。自己没关系。石谿比什么也要紧。他须再等一等。
(英语)英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析
（英语）英语阅读理解专项习题及答案解析 一、阅读理解 1．根据短文内容选择正确答案。 D If you could see a movie of your life before you lived it, would you want to live it? Probably not. The excitement of living is that you don’t know what’s coming. Sure, it’s hard to see uncertainty in such positive（积极的）light when you’re out of work, or when you feel like you’re failing. But uncertainty is really another word for chance. When Allison graduated from Harvard, she had chan ces all over the place but had no idea what she wanted to do. She took a job in consulting（咨询）, but she knew she wouldn’t stay there. She took the GRE and scored so high that she was able to increase her income（收入）by teaching students. Still, she didn’t think she wanted to go to graduate school. Allison knew she w asn’t doing what she wanted, but she didn’t know what she wanted. She worried. All her friends were going to graduate school or starting their own businesses. She was lost and felt that she would never find anything out. After six years, Allison, by having a general（全面的）plan in mind, got married, moved to the Midwest, and used her consulting experience to get a great job. Allison realized that she spent her years finding her way: time well spent, and time we must all take if we’re being honest with ours elves. The only way to lead an interesting life is to face uncertainty and make a choice. Otherwise your life is not your own—it is a path someone else has chosen. Moments of uncertainty are when you create your life, when you become who you are. Uncertainty usually begins with a job hunt, but it doesn’t end there. Every new role we take on means another round of uncertainty. Instead of fearing it, you should find some ways to deal with uncertainty. （1）From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that . A. being out of work is a sad thing B. uncertainty is what makes life interesting C. life in a film is more exciting than real life. D. chance never appears when we need it （2）What troubles Allison after graduation? A. She couldn’t find a well-paid job. B. She had no money to start a business. C. She was not sure what to do. D. She didn’t score high enough for graduate school. （3）How did Allison feel about her six years’ working experience? A. Uncertain. B. Amazed . C. Sorry. D. Satisfied. （4）What may be discussed in the following paragraph?
英语任务型阅读练习题含答案及解析
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