被动语态翻译
被动语态翻译
1.最近，关于这个问题作了一次调查，结果如下。
(conduct)A survey has just been conducted about the issue recently, and findings are as follows.2.他们认为家庭作业帮助他们复习和练习课上所学的内容。
(teach)They think homework helps review and practice what has been taught in class.3.人们建议会议应该被推迟。
(suggest, put off)It’s suggested that the meeting should be put off.4.说实话，我们所犯的一些错误是本能够避免的。
(avoid)To tell the truth, many mistakes we made could have been avoid.5.这一观点现在正受到越来越多人的质疑。
(question)This view is now being questioned by more and more people.6.我们都知道可以采取很多措施来解决这个问题。
(take)We all know that many stops can be taken to solve the problem.7.伟业非一日之功。
(Rome, build)Rome was not built in a day.8.紧迫的是，应立即采取措施阻止这一事态恶化。
(take measures to)It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to prevent the situation from worsing.9.必须保证每天有8小时的睡眠。
(guarantee.)Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.10.他们知道计划将在下周实施。
译汉第七讲英语被动语态的的翻译
2、In other words mineral substances which are found on earth must be extracted by digging, boring holes, artificial explosions, or similar operations which make them available to us.
人们常说，电视使人了解时事，熟悉政治和科 学领域的最新发展变化，并能源源不断地为观 众提供各种既有教育意义又有趣的节目。
另外，下列的结构也可以通过这一手段翻 译:
It is asserted that …有人主张…；
It is believed that …有人认为…；
It is generally considered that …大家(一般 人)认为…；
As oil is often found in the ground its presence cannot be determined by a study of the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rock structure must be carried out. If it is thought that the rocks in a certain area contain oil, a “drilling rig” is assembled. The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called “a derrick”. It is used to lift sections of pipe, which are lowered into the hole made by the drill. As the hole is being drilled, a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the sides from falling in. If oil is struck, a cover is firmly fixed to the top of the pipe and the oil is allowed to escape through a series of valves.
被动语态的翻译
被动语态的翻译
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英语中以it 做形式主语，以被动语态作谓语，其后跟一个由that引导的主语从句的结构很多。这种结 构在译成汉语时，除把it一律省略外，通常有两种处理方法： 1.在被动语态前加“人们”、“有人”、“我们”、“大家”等词 2.用“据……”等短语译出
2). It is estimated that Americans spend up to five years of their lives in that tedious, stressful but unavoidable process known as waiting. 据估计，美国人一生中, 在乏味而令人厌烦, 却又躲避 不掉的等待上所耗费的时间,竟达五年之多。 英语中这种it做形式主语的被动句型在各类文章中比 比皆是，汉译时一般均按主动结构译出。即将原文中 的主语从句译在宾语的位置上，而把it做形式主语的主 句译成一个独立语或分句。常见的固定结构如：
4) The monkeys were given sweet potatoes by scientists who wanted to attract them to the shore of an island.
科学家们给猴子白薯，想把它们引到海岛的岸边。
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被动语态的翻译
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B . 把被动语态译成汉语主动句 1). His pride must be pinched. 他这股傲气应该打下去。
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被动语态的翻译
1.4 “It+ be+ past participle + that引导的从句”句型的翻译 A. 不加主语 It is hoped that... 希望…… It is reported that … 据报道…… It is said that... 据说…… It is supposed that… 据推测…… It may be said without fear of exaggeration that… 可以 毫不夸张地说…… It must be admitted that... 必须承认…… It must be pointed out that... 必须指出…… It will be seen from this that… 由此可见……
被动语态翻译
被动语态翻译被动语态是英语语法中常用的一种语态。
在被动句中，动作的承受者（即主动句中的宾语）成为句子的主语，而动作的执行者（即主动句中的主语）则成为被动句中的介词短语（通常由介词“by”引导）或省略掉。
被动语态常用于强调动作的接收者或者操纵者的不重要性。
下面是一个关于被动语态的例子：主动语态：John wrote the article.翻译：约翰写了这篇文章。
被动语态：The article was written by John.翻译：这篇文章是约翰写的。
被动语态在以下情况下常常被使用：1. 当动作的执行者不明确或不重要时。
例如：The car was repaired.（这辆车已经修好了。
）2. 当我们想强调动作的承受者或结果时。
例如：The book was written by a famous author.（这本书是由一位著名作家写的。
）3. 当我们想避免重复使用主动句中的主语时。
例如：The tickets were sold out quickly.（这些票很快就卖光了。
）4. 在科学或者学术写作中，常使用被动语态来描述实验或研究结果。
例如：The data was collected and analyzed.（数据已被收集和分析。
）被动语态的构成：被动语态的构成方式为：be动词（am, is, are, was, were, been, being） + 过去分词（V-ed）。
例如：主动语态：She opens the door.被动语态：The door is opened by her.被动语态也可以用于不同时态和不同人称，只需要根据上述构成方式进行相应的变化。
例如：主动语态：They will finish the project.被动语态：The project will be finished by them.被动语态的使用需要根据上下文和语境来决定，不适合所有情况。
现在完成时被动语态例句及翻译
现在完成时被动语态例句及翻译1.Over time I have been changeda lot.随着时间的推移，我已经改变了很多。
2.Thave been usedin offices and homes since the 1970s.自20世纪70年代以来，它就被用于办公室和家庭。
3.I never forget anything I have been told.我从来不会忘记别人告诉我的任何事情。
4.Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for it.自20世纪70年代以来，人们为它找到了许多新的应用。
5.I have also been putinto robots.我也被投入到机器人中。
6.I haveevenbeen putinto space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.我甚至被送入太空火箭，被派去探索月球和火星。
7.My friend has bought a new personal computer.我的朋友买了一台新的个人电脑。
8.The shop has repaired my computer very quickly.My computer has been repaired by the shop very quickly.这家商店很快就把我的电脑修好了。
我的电脑很快就被商店修好了。
9.An unknown virus has just attacked my computer.My computer had just been attacked by an unknown virus.一种未知病毒刚刚攻击了我的电脑。
我的电脑刚刚被一种未知病毒攻击了。
10.We have not solved the problem yet.The problem has not been solved by us yet.我们还没有解决这个问题。
被动语态的翻译
eg: Our foreign policy is supported by the people all over the world.
我们的对外政策受到全世界人民的支持。
英语中被动语态使用范围很广，凡是不必说出主动者、不愿说出主动者、无从说出主动者或者是为了便于连贯上下文等场合，往往都用被动语态。汉语中虽然也用被动语态，但使用范围要狭窄得多。英语被动语态的句子，译成汉语时，很多情况下都可译成主动句，但也有些可以保持被动语态。
I: 译成汉语主动句
1、原文中的主语在译文中作宾语
eg: By the end of the war 800 people had been saved by the
organization.
战争结束时，这个组织拯救了800人。
2、原文中的主语在译文中仍作主语
eg: On their domestic stations events in the Middle East were
dismissed briefly.
在他们国内电台的广播中，中东事件只轻描淡写地报导了一下。
3、译成带表语的主动句
eg: The crew were trained at Eglin Field, Florida.
机组人员是在佛罗里达州埃格林空军基地训练的。
eg: People were chased off the streets by an eight o’clock curfew.
八点钟的宵禁把人们从街道赶走。
eg: The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire.
【英语翻译】被动语态的翻译方法
a
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一般被动语态有四种情况：
• 第一，无从说出、无需提及主动者 • When will the new bridge be built? • 什么时候建新桥？ • 第二，出于某种考虑，无意说出主动者 • Generally it is considered not polite to
英文原句中没有提到施动者时，有时可将被动句译成无主 句。
• The unpleasant noise must be immediately put an
end to.
• 必须立即中止这种讨厌的噪声。
• Very often, introductions are made using both
first and last name.
very important for Chinese students.
•人们认为英语对中国学生来
说是很重要的。
•I am afraid I shall be
laughed at.
•
我怕大家笑话我。 a
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（3）把原文句中的一部分转译成主 语
• 英语中一些被动句译成中文时，需要将句子中某
个适当的成分转译成主语。既要做到不违背英文 原文，又符合中文规范。表示方位的地点状语转 译成主语的情况较多
speeding truck.
• 那个老人让一辆超速的卡车撞倒了。 • Those books have been affected with
damp.
• 那些书受潮了。
a
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在现代汉语中有些主动表达句式同 样具有被动意义
• 问题应及时加以解决。
• Problems should be resolved in good time
被动语态的翻译
3)为了更好地连接上下文。 They are going to build a library here next year. It is going to be built beside the classroom building. 他们准备明年在这儿建一座图书馆，就 建在教学楼旁边。
二、译为被动句
• “被”、“受到”、“遭到”、“得到”、 “叫”、“称” 、“让”、“给”、“加 以”、“为……所” • This information will be encoded in a radio signal and beamed to the units buried in the road. • 这一信息被译成无线电信号，发射给埋在 道路下的电子装置。 • The leakage of steam should be paid attention to. • 蒸汽泄露的问题应予以重视。
• As oil is found deep in the ground, its presence cannot be determined by a study of the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rocks structure must be carried out. If it is thought that the rocks in a certain area contain oil, a “drilling rig” is assembled. The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called “a derrick”. It is used to lift sections of pipe, which are lowered into the hole made by the drill. As the hole is being drilled, a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the sides form falling in. If oil is struck a cover is firmly fixed to the top of the pipe and the oil is allowed to escape through a series of valves.