第二章 练习答案 词法翻译的一般技巧

第二章词法翻译的一般技巧第一节对等译法一、翻译下面的句子，注意搭配产生的“假朋友”1. a faithful Christian2. a loving parent3. an obedient child4. a virtuous wife5. a dutiful husband6. a hardworking student7. strong wind 8. thick fog9 heavy rain二、翻译下列句子，注意不顾语境而产生的“假朋友”。

1. Only when they find much n common and hope to keep in touch later on, will they offer their cards. (注意不要把“投机”翻译成speculative)2. Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. Nevertheless, it was not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics.3. Dear young friends, my advice to you is: Do physical exercises perseveringly. That has nothing to do with merry-making or time-wasting. Good health is the wherewithal for a successful life and career.三、用对等译法，翻译下列成语。

1. fish in troubled waters2. be after one's own heart3. skin and bones4. touch and go5. hit the nail on the head6. be head and shoulders above others7. turn a deaf ear to8. burn one's boat9. turn a blind eye to10. look for a needle in a bundle of hay四、用对等译法，翻译下列谚语。

1. Practice makes perfect.2. More haste, less speed.3. East or west, home is best.4. All is fish that comes to the net.5. Everything comes to him who waits6. The moon is not seen when the sun shines7. Look before you leap.8. There is no smoke without fire.第二节增词译法一、翻译下列句子，注意增补冠词1. Even a child can answer this question.2. This is the head of our delegation3. He put the paper aside and turned on the radio.4. The Chinese people are industrious and brave.5. We must have faith in the masses.6. The compass was invented in China7. The moon moves around the earth.二、翻译下列句子，注意增补代词。

1. Hand in your exercise-books, please.2. I can't express myself in English.3. Liberalism manifests itself in various ways.4. Don't overwork yourself.5. I wish to avail myself of this opportunity to express our gratitude to you.三、翻译下列句子，注意增补动词。

1. They are in high spirits.2. They beamed with joy.3. He is quick of eye and deft of hand.4. This article is easy to read and understand5. I stood aloof from him.四、翻译下列句子，注意增补介词。

l. The book is very popular among young people.2. She inquired about your illness.3. The mountain is l,000 feet above the sea level.4. Shut the door after/when you go out.5. Dinner was at one o'clock.6. We rejoice at every victory you win.五、翻译下列句子，注意增补连词。

1. Promote physical culture and build up the people's health2. Men and women, old and young, all joined in the battle.3. We worked neither for fame nor for personal gain.4. We should strike while the iron is hot.5. I shall stay here until I've completed my studies.六、翻译下列句子或短语，从文化角度增补词语。

1. You might have the genius of Li Bai or Du Fu, who was a great poet in the Tang Dynastyand the moral worth of Yan Hui or Zeng Shen—both of them were disciples of Confucius no one would ask your advice.2. to show off one's proficiency with the ax before Lu Ban the master carpenter3. Jigong, Robin Hood in China, robbed the rich and helped the poor.4. let a hundred flowers bloom, permit the airing of conflicting views5. black children, who are born in violation of China's one-child policy第三节减词译法一、翻译下列句子注意省略原文的范畴词。

1. Reform and opening-up reversed the stagnation of national economy2. His rudeness shocked me.3. He has undertaken/taken up the translation of Lu Xun's works.4. The export is not permitted to exceed its limit.5. The discussion covers Sino-US relations.6. In the summer of 1969, the Administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China.7. His arrogance made everyone dislike him.8. Now birth control became a possibility.9. China is carrying out nationwide pollution control and environmental protection.10. During the talk, their discussion centered around the protection of intellectual properties rights.11. promote peaceful reunification12. Our import-export in the first half of this year has gone very well.二、翻译下列句子，注意省略原文的重复成分。

1. The two sides held that Sino-US relations should be viewed in a global context and from aperspective of the future and the 21st century in particular.2. When problems emerge, they can be easily put right.3. distance/length/size/height4. Increase the awareness about self-reliance, competition, efficiency, and democracy and therule of law, as well as the pioneering and innovation spirit.5. Silence! Silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence.6. Productive forces are the most dynamic and the most revolutionary factors as well as the ultimate decisive force of social development.7. Our party must always represent the development trend of China's advanced productive forces; the orientation of China's advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people in China.三、翻译下列句子，注意省略原文中多余的或空洞的词语。