环境专业英语(可编辑修改word版)
环境：environment 环境工程：environmental engineering环境保护：environmental protection 环境意识：environmental consciousness/awareness 环境问题：environmental issue/problem 环境效应：environmental effect环境污染：environmental pollution 环境要素：environmental elements环境因子：environmental factors 环境化学：environmental chemistry环境生态学：environmental ecology 环境质量：environmental quality环境自净作用：environmental self-purification/self-cleansing水环境：watershed 水体：water body 流域：watershed水质：water quality 水资源：water resources 供水：water supply废水：waste water 水处理：water treatment物理性水质指标：physical indicate of water quality 水污染物：water pollutant生物性水质指标：biological water-quality index 水质标准：water quality standard化学性水质指标：chemical water-quality index物理处理：physical treatment 过滤：screening 生物处理：biological treatment沉淀：sedimentation 化学处理：chemical treatment 气浮：flotation物理化学处理：physical-chemical treatment 蒸发：evaporation稀释：dilution 扩散：dispersion 吹脱：stripping好氧处理：aerobic treatment 生物膜法：bio-membrane process厌氧处理：anaerobic treatment 生物滤池：trickling filters活性污泥法：activated sludge process 生物接触氧化：biological contact SBR：苯乙烯- 丁二烯Styrene Butadiene Rubber UASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket活性污泥：activated sludge 改进型：modification一级处理：primary treatment 二级处理：secondary treatment三级处理：tertiary treatment 高级氧化处理：advanced treatment生活污水：domestic wastewater 生产废水：industrial wastewater城市生活污水：municipal wastewater 电镀废水：metalplating plants印染废水：pulp and paper industries wastewater 浊度：turbidity硬度：hardness 水质净化：water quality purifies混凝沉淀：coagulate flocculating agent 活性炭吸附：activated carbon adsorption隔油池：oil separation tank 中和池：neutralization tank 调节池：adjusting tank 生物反应池：biological reactor 加药设备：physical equipment沉淀池：sedimentation tank 初沉池：primary sedimentation tank二沉池：secondary sedimentation tank 絮凝剂：flocculant混凝剂：coagulate flocculant 生物降解：biodegradation生物累积：bioaccumulation 飘尘：floating dust可吸入颗粒物：inhalable particles 能见度：visibility 酸雨：acid rain一次污染物：primary pollutant 二次污染物：secondary pollutant氮氧化物：nitrogen oxides 硫氧化物：sulfur oxides硫化氢：hydrogen sulfide 碳氧化物：carbon oxides 硝酸：nitric acid盐酸：hydrochloric acid 硫酸：sulfuric acid 二氧化硫：sulfur dioxide除尘工艺：Dust removal 吸收：absorption 吸附：adsorption静电除尘：electric dust precipitation 重力除尘：gravitational settling 臭氧：ozone光化学烟雾：photochemical smoke 喷淋（洗涤）：scavenging土壤：soil 热污染：temperature change/thermal pollution 噪声：noise放射性：radioactivity EIA：environmental impact assessment CAD（计算机辅助设计）：computer aided design 大气污染控制工程：air pollution control水污染控制工程：water pollution control 固体废物污染控制工程：solid waste management 污染源：pollution source 同化作用：assimilation 固体废物：solid wastes危险废物：hazardous wastes 化学污泥chemical sludge生物污泥：biological sludge 工业固废：industrialwastes 分选处理：separation treatment 矿业固废：mine solid wastes 破碎处理：processing 农业固废：agriculture solid wastes压实处理：reduction in volume 污泥脱水：disposal of the sludge污泥浓缩：sludge thickening 带式压滤：Belt filter press离心脱水：centrifugal dewatering 筛分：screening 沼气和沼气化：biogas堆肥和堆肥化：compost and composting 生物转化作用：biotransformation热解与焚烧：pyrolysis and incineration 热化学转化作用：thermo-chemical固化和稳定化作用：solidification and stabilization 资源化：resource减量化：pollution control 无害化：harmlessness 物质转化：material conversion固体废物全过程控制：solid waste integrated control固体废物污染控制：solid waster pollution 处置：disposal 物质回收：materials recovery control 固体废物处理：processing and recovery 能量回收：energy recovery能量转化：energy conversionenvironmental science 环境科学environmental engineering 环境工程waste reduction 废物减量化air pollution control 大气污染控制wastewater treatment 污水处理solid waste treatment and disposal 固体废物处理与处置soil erosion 水土流失thermal pollution 热污染biological communities 生物群落ecosystem 生态系统green science and technology 绿色科技和技术primary pollutant: 一次污染物secondary pollutant: 二次污染物carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳methane: 甲烷fossil fuel: 化石（矿物）燃料power plant: 电厂hydroelectric power: 水力发电clean energy: 清洁能源renewable energy:可再生能源automobile exhaust (emission): 汽车尾气greenhouse effect (gas): 温室效应（气体）air pollution control engineering: 大气污染控制工程cyclone: 旋风除尘器pressure drop: 压力损失，压力降baghouse: 袋式除尘器operating temperature: 操作温度spray tower:喷淋塔sanitary landfill:卫生填埋municipal wastewater=sewage=domestic sewage= sanitary sewage: 市政污水，生活污水point source: 点源non-point source: 非点源（面源）pretreatment: 预处理primary treatment: 初（一）级处理secondary treatment: 二级处理tertiary or advanced treatment: 三级处理，深度处理trickling filter: 滴滤池activated sludge: 活性污泥bar rack or screen: 格栅grit chamber: 沉砂池equalization tank: 调节池primary settling tank: 初沉池secondary settling tank: 二沉池sustainable development: 可持续发展recycling economy: 循环经济the sources and sinks of pollutants: 污染物的源与汇aeration tank: 曝气池aerator: 曝气池，曝气器sedimentation tank: 沉淀池disinfection: 消毒eutrophication: 富营养化oxidation ditch: 氧化沟aerobic decomposition 好氧分解anoxic decomposition 缺氧分解anaerobic decomposition 厌氧分解hydraulic retention time: （水力）停留时间flue gas: 烟气biodegradable: 可生物降解的refractory: 难降解的（常用）nondegradable: 不可降解的acoustical material: 声学材料soil conditioner: 土壤改良剂extreme temperature: 极端温度environmental quality: 环境质量Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water 地表水环境质量标准Ambient Air Quality Standards 环境空气质量标准Environmental Quality Standards for Noise 声环境质量标准缩略词：EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment, 环境影响评价SS：Suspended Solid 悬浮物BOD：Biochemical Oxygen Demand 生化需氧量COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand 化学需氧量TOC: Total Organic Carbon 总有机碳WWTP : Wastewater Treatment Plant 污水处理厂SBR: Sequencing Batch Reactor 序批式反应池RBC: Rotating Biological Contactor 生物转盘SRT: Sludge Retention Time 污泥龄（污泥停留时间）EPA: Environmental Protection Agency 环境保护署ISO: International Standardization Organization 国际标准化组织EMS: Environmental Management System 环境管理系统RS: Remote Sensing 遥感GPS: Global Positioning System 全球定位系统GIS: Geographic Information System 地理信息系统TSP: Total Suspended Particulates 总悬浮颗粒物。
环境科学专业英语考试资料
第一单元：环境科学的定义：Environment (from the French environner: to encircle or surround) can be defined as(1) the circumstance or conditions that surround an organism or group of organisms, or(2) the plex of social or cultural conditions that affect an individual or munity.(环境(从法国environner:环绕或包围)可以被定义为(1)周围环境或条件有机体或一组生物,或(2)复杂的社会或文化环境影响个人或社区。
)Environmental science, then, is the systematic study of our environment and our proper place in it. (环境科学,是我们的环境和我们的系统研究适宜的位置。
)The study of human social development activities and environmental evolution, the interaction relationship between seeking co-evolution of human society and environment and sustainable development way and the method of science.(环境科学是一门研究人类社会开展活动与环境演化规律之间相互作用关系，寻求人类社会与环境协同演化、持续开展途径与方法的的科学。
)As distinguished economist Barbara Ward points out, for an increasing number of environmental issues, the difficulty is not to identify remedies,remedies are now well understood.〔作为出色的经济学家芭芭拉·沃德指出,越来越多的环境问题,困难并不是确定补救措施,补救措施现在很好理解。
4 环境科学与工程专业英语第一章 unit2
在理解和控制人类活动和自然界复杂的相互作用上所需的科学 知识的巨大差异
Many environmental problems which could be eliminated or
污染可以定义为空气、水和陆地的物理、化学或生物性能被迫
发生改变，对人类或其他生命机体的健康、生存和活动造成了 有害影响。
Pollution：污染 Pollutant: 污染物质 Contamination: 污染，污染物 The act or process of contaminating. The state of being contaminated. One that contaminates.
环境：是指我们周围的物理和生物环境，我们可以看到， 听到，触到，闻到和感受到这些事物。
Practice：Environment can be defined as: (1) the circumstance or conditions that surround an organism or group of organisms, or (2) the complex of social or cultural conditions that affect an individual or community.
环境也可以定义为(1) 一个生物个体或生物群体周围的状况或条件； （natural environment） （2）影响个体或群体的复杂的社会或文化条件。 （ bulit environment）
环境工程专业英语重点
环境工程专业英语重点总结名词解释：①Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us；that which we can see, hear,touch,smell,and taste.环境是围绕在我们周围物质生命的栖息地,在那里我们可以看到,听到,触到,闻到和品尝到;②System, a set or arrangement of things so related or connected as to form a unit or organic whole. 系统” 一组或一系列能形成一个整体或者有机整体的相互关联的事物;③Pollution, an undesirable change in the physical,chemical,or biological characteristics of the air,water,or land that can harmfully affect the health,survival,or activities of humans or other living organisms. 污染有害影响健康,生存,活动的人或其它生物体的空气生物体的空气,或土地的物理,化学,或生物特性的不应该有的变化;④Source reduction: Any action that reduces the amount of waste exiting a process. 资源减量化: 减少在于一个过程中的大量废物的任何行为;⑤Waste minimization: The reduction to the extent feasible, of waste that is generated or subsequently treated, stored, or disposed of. 废物最少化” 产生的废物最大程度减少,然后处理,存储,或者处置;Unit 1: Environmental Engineering 环境工程①In an agrarian society, people lived essentially in harmony with mature, raising food, gathering firewood, and making clothing and tools from the land.在农业社会,人们基本上能与自然和谐地相处,他们在陆地上种植食物,收集木材,做衣服和工具;②The wastes from animals and humans were returned to the soil as fertilizer. Few, if any, problems of water, land, or air pollution occurred.动物和人类排放的废物作为肥料又返到土地中;很少有水污染、土地污染、和空气污染问题产生; Unit 2: Historical Overview of Hazardous Substance Disposal in theUSA 回顾美国处置危险物品的历史a result, industries that generated large quantities of these waste materials now had to ensure that the materials were disposed of in the a manner that was safe for the environment.结果导致产生大量废物的企业现在不得不确保这些物以一种对环境更安全的处置方式处理;sufficient legislation is now in place to solve the problem of hazardous waste disposal, it is unlikely that a true solution will be achieved for 20 years or longer.尽管现在有足够的法规来解决有害物质的处理问题,但是在二十年或更长的时间内是不可能真正的解决的;through interaction between industry scientists, and government regulators will true solutions be finally realized.只有通过工业界,科学家和政府部门的共同努力,才能最终得到解决;Unit 5: Type and Sources of Air Pollutants空气污染物的类型和来源geographic location of some heavily populated cities, such as Los Angeles and Mexico City, makes them particularly susceptible to frequent air stagnation and pollution buildup.一些人口稠密的城市的地理位置,例如洛杉矶和墨西哥城,他们特别容易受到频繁的空气停滞和空气污染累积的影响;themselves , measured concentrations tell us nothing about the danger caused by pollutants, because threshold levels, synergy, and biological magnification are also determining factors.通过测出的浓度自身并不能告知我们有关污染物所带来的危险的信息,因为临界浓度、协同作用还有生物放大效应都是决定因素;Unit 6: Effects on Climate and Ecological Environment气候和生态环境的影响induced global warming would be melting of 1. The most sever consequence of CO2the polar ice caps and the subsequent rise of ocean levels and inundation of coastal plains. 二氧化碳引起全球变暖最严重的后果是,极地冰川融化、海平面上升,沿海平原将被淹没;2. Although global warming from the already elevated levels of atmospheric CO2has been predicted by most climatic models, such a warming has not been empirically observed. 虽然很多气候模型预言了大气中二氧化碳水平的升高会引起全球变暖,但是这种变暖并没有实际观察到;3. Confirmation of the effect of CO2on climate has been confounded by the natural fluctuations in climate and average global surface temperatures. 自然气候和全球平均地表温度的波动一直干扰着二氧化碳对气候影响的证实;4. Although they indicate trends in average surface temperatures and climate, they unfortunately coincide with increased industrialization and pollution. 虽然这些记录表明了平均表面温度和气候的发展趋势,遗憾的是,这些记录又碰巧与工业化的增加和污染重合了;uncertainties associated with sink mechanisms considerable complicate the problem of determining the world carbon budget and prediction of future atmosphereCO2 levels.吸收机制的不确定性相当大程度地使世界碳量平衡和预计未来大气 CO2水平问题复杂化;Unit 8: New Technologies of Air Pollution Control大气污染控制的新技术1. Moreover, while bioremediation techniques are now being applied successfully for the treatment of soil and groundwater contaminated by synthetic organics, at present there is very little practical experience with biological systems for the control of air contaminants among environmental professionals in the U S. 而且,生物除污技术在土壤和地下水得到了成功的应用,现在, 美国环保专业人员中,生物学系统在控制大气污染物方面只有很少的实践经验;2. In fact, few environmental professionals in this country appear to be aware that “biofiltration” ., the biological removal of air contaminants from off-gas streams in a solid phase reactor, is now a well established air pollution control APC technology in several European countries, most notably The Netherlands and Germany.实际上,这个国家几乎没有环境的专家似乎意识到在好几个欧洲国家最显着的是荷兰和德国“生物过滤” 即从固相反应器气流中空气污染物的生物去除法是一种充分确立的空气污染控制技术;3. The experiences in Europe have demonstrated that biofiltration has economic and other advantages over existing APC technologies, particularly if applied to off-gas streams that contain only low concentrations typically less than 1000 ppm as methane of air pollutants that are easily biodegraded.欧洲的经验已经证明,生物过滤较已有的空气污染技术有着经济的和其他方面的优越性,特别是用于仅含有低浓度{ 1000ppm}易生物降解的空气污染物的尾气;4. The principal reasons why biofiltration is not presently well recognized in the ., and has been applied in only a few cases, appear to be a lack of regulatory programs, little governmental support for research and development, and lack of descriptions written in the English language. 对于那些为什么生物过滤法如今在美国还不是很好地被认识和只应用于仅仅很少的一些情况的道理,可以认为是缺少控制的计划、来自政府对此技术研究和发展支持,更是缺少用英语写成的有关这些技术的文献;5. While soil beds have been shown to control certain types of odors and VOC efficiently and fairly low and operating cost, their use in the . has been limited by the low biodegradation capacity of soils and the correspondingly large space requirements for the beds. 虽然已经证实土壤床可用想到低的投资和操作费用来控制某些类型的臭味和挥发性有机化合物,但是,土壤的低生物降解能力和相当大的占地要求限制了土壤床在美国的应用;Unit 10: Water Pollution and Pollutants 水污染及其污染源for the few pathogens that might be present are difficult and time consuming, and standard practice is to test for other more plentiful organisms that are always present in the billions in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, including human.对可能存在的病菌的检测不仅有难度并且很耗时,并且标准的实施是对其他许多存在于包括人类在内的热血动物肠道内德有机体进行的检测; 老是强调进行的检测;2. VSS can be an indicator of the organic content of raw wastes and can also providea measure of the active microbial population in biological processes. 挥发性悬浮固体可作为原废物的有机,并为在生物过程活微生物数量提供一个测量方法;3. TOC is determined by measuring the amount of COproduced when the organic carbon2in the sample is oxidized by a strong oxidizer and comparing it with the amount in a standard of known TOC. 总有机碳是通过测量样品中的有机碳在一种强氧化剂的氧化作用下产生的二氧化碳的量,并与已知的总有机碳的标准对比而测得的;Unit 13: Water Treatment Processes 水处理过程1. Coagulation/flocculation is a chemical-physical procedure whereby particles too small for practical removal by plain sedimentation are destabilized and clustered together for faster settling. 混凝/絮凝法是一种化学物理过程, 混凝/絮凝法是一种化学物理过程,那些太小的用普通沉降法不能去除的颗粒具有在这个过程中失去稳定性能成团的特点, 而能较快地沉淀; NOTES 程中失去稳定性能成团的特点,从而能较快地沉淀;Unit 18: Sources and Types of Solid Wastes固体废弃物的来源和种类1. Although any number of source classifications can be developed, the following categories have been found useful.虽然已有许多废物来源的分类法,但以下的分类是很有价值的;2. As a basis for subsequent discussions, it will be helpful to define the various types of solid wastes that are generated.作为以下讨论的基础,定义所产生的各种固体废物是有帮助的;3. The most important characteristic of these waste is that they are highly putrescible and will decompose rapidly, especially in warm weather. 饮食废物的重要特点在于它具有易腐烂性, 尤其在温暖的天气里,会极快地腐烂;4. In addition to the amounts of food wastes generated at residences, considerable amounts are generated at cafeterias and restaurants, large institutional facilities such as hospitals and prisons, and facilities associated with the marketing of foods, including wholesale and retail stores and markets. 除了在家庭产生饮食废物外,在自助食堂、饭馆、医院和监狱等机构,以及诸如批发、零售等食品市场,均会产生大量的饮食废物;Unit 20: Methods of Waste Disposal 废弃物处理方法1. Waste can be pretreated by pulverizing, or mechanically breaking it down intosmall particle sizes, which can reduce the bulk by up to 33% by volume. 废物可以通过粉碎加以预处理,或者把废物粉碎成碎块可以使其体积减少33% 左右;2. In this survey, 72% of waste was tipped on land, 16% of the intractable and dangerous waste was dumped at sea in sealed containers, and % was buried. Only about 3% of the waste was disposed of by the alternative methods of incineration or discharge into sewers. 在这项调查中,72%的废弃物被倾倒在陆地上,16%棘手和危险的废弃物装在密封的容器被倾倒在海里,并%的废弃物被填埋,只有大约 3%的废弃物被焚烧或排入下水沟的选择性方法处理;专业名词：hazardous substance disposal 危险物品处置Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RCRA资源回收保护法Environmental Protection Agency EPA 环境保护署hazardous waste 有害废弃物waste Reduction 废物减量waste Minimization 废物最少化chlorofluoro carbon 含氯氟烃primary air pollution 初级空气污染secondary air pollution 次生空气污染次生空气污染threshold levels 临界浓度synergy 协同作用biological magnification 生物放大效应carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carbon oxides 碳氧化物sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫sulfur oxides 硫氧化物nitric oxide 一氧化氮nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物methane 甲烷hydrocarbons碳氢化合物photochemical oxidants光化学氧化剂Radioactive substances放射性物fossil fuels化石燃料ozone 臭氧without adequate 适当的ventilation 通风aerosol 气溶胶thermal energy 热能emissivity 发射率,辐射系数发射率average global surface temperatures 全球平均地表温度trace gases 痕量气体the centrifugal force 离心力cyclones 旋风分离器fabric filters 布袋过滤器wet scrubbers 湿式洗涤器electrostatic precipitators 静电除尘器impingement plate tower 冲击式板式塔biodegradation 生物降解bioremediation 生物修复volatile organic compounds VOC 挥发性有机化合物sulfur and nitrogen oxides 硫和氮氧化物hydrogen sulfide 硫化氢biodegradable 可生物降解的microorganisms 微生物solids 固体inorganic constituents 无机成分organic matter 有机物质purification 净化。
(完整版)(整理)环境工程专业英语翻译(中英对照)
Unit one Environmental Engineering环境工程What is this book about？这本书是关于什么的？The objective of this book is to introduce engineering and science students to the interdisciplinary study of environment problems；their cause，why they are of concern，and how we can control them. The book includes:这本书的目的是使理工科的学生了解跨学科间的研究环境问题;它们的起因，为什么它们受到关注，以及我们怎样控制它们。
这本书包括：●Description of what is meant by environment and environmental systems描述环境和环境系统意味着什么●Information on the basic causes of environmental disturbances关于引起环境干扰基础原因的基本信息●Basic scientific knowledge necessary to understand the nature of environmental problems and to be able toquantify them理解环境问题本质，并能够定量计算它们所必要的基本科学知识●Current state of the technology of environmental control in its application to water，air and pollution problems目前适用于水，空气和环境污染问题的环境控制技术的现状●Considerable gaps in our current scientific knowledge of understanding and controlling many of the complexinteractions between human activities and nature我们目前的科学知识在理解和控制人类活动和自然之间复杂的相互作用的科学知识上存在相当大的缺陷●Many environmental problems which could be eliminated or reduced by the application of current technology，butwhich are not dealt with because of society’s lack of will to do so，or in many instance because of a lack of resources to do so.许多环境问题可以应用现有技术消除或减少，但没有得到处理是因为社会缺乏这样做的意愿，或者像许多例子那样因为缺乏资源。
（环境管理）环境科学专业英语
（环境管理）环境科学专业英语attenuation:衰减. [物] 衰减；变薄；稀释弱化衰减量minimization:最小化减到最小限度；估到最低额；轻视极小化installation:安装安装，装置；就职安装设施permeability: 渗透率，渗透性；透磁率，导磁系数；弥漫磁导率渗透率dispute: 争议，辩论；争吵vt. 辩论；怀疑；阻止；抗拒vi. 争论final storage quality:可最终储存量disposal:处置，处理；支配；清理；安排批地sanitary:卫生，公共厕所adj. 卫生的，清洁的卫生的，环境卫生的，demolition:拆除，毁坏，破坏，拆毁，拆卸hazardous waste landfill:有毒废弃物填埋landfill-gas migration:填埋气迁移behalf:代表seepage:渗流，[流] 渗流；渗漏；渗液渗出的量leachate: 渗滤液，沥出物；沥出液沥滤液渗漏污水residual: 残余，剩余；误差残渣adj. 剩余的；残留的dilution: 稀释，稀释，冲淡；稀释法；冲淡物稀释摊薄aquifer: 含水层，蓄水层；含水土层，畜水层intergranular: adj. 颗粒间的，晶粒间的间粒状的颗粒间的carbonate content:碳酸盐含量optimum:最佳效果；最适宜条件最佳adj. 最适宜的a leachate front:渗滤液前沿inhibit: vt. 抑制；禁止阻止degradation: n. 退化；降格，降级；堕落降解降级conjunction: n. 结合；[语] 连接词；同时发生（连词）合取restoration: n. 恢复；复位；王政复辟；归还修复复原parameter: n. 参数；系数；参量变数hazardous wasye landfills:有毒废气物填埋impervious：不会受到损伤的，不受影响的saturated 饱和的;渗透的liner 1. 班轮;班机 2. 画线的人;画线工具 3.眼线笔;眼线膏 4.【棒】平飞球 5衬板flux 1流出2. 涨潮3. 变迁4. 【物】通量5.【化】助熔剂overload vt.1.使超载,使负荷过多[(+with)] n.1.超载;超负荷[C] clay n. [U ]1. 粘土;泥土2.(上帝造人的)泥土;(人的)躯体,肉体leachate 1. 渗漏污水；沥滤液 2. 浸出液hydrogeological adj. 水文地质的strata 1. 地层 2. 复数Comparison of StrategiesMake an conclusion: At the end of this article, the author points that our currently and recently operated landfills ate designed to maintain the waste forever but never disposes it completely. So even if the bottom liner system and the cap are durable, the leachate will cause a big disaster to our environment and affect our humen's health. To avoid this condition occurring,the writer give us the new word "final storage quality facility"(最终储存特性设备)and tells us how to do in disposing waste process. Besides, he analyses the profits we will make if we take action.文摘填埋场设计和操作有两个主要的战略：(1) 稀释衰减法(2) 防漏储存法稀释衰减法策略的有效性主要依赖于其上控制和可靠的化学、物理和生物过程在浪费自己的运作,并在可预测的衰减过程中潜在的岩层。
环境科学与工程专业英语翻译.doc
v1.0可编辑可修改第四单元阅读材料：Reading Material : Analytical Technique and Methodologyv1.0可编辑可修改第八单元：空气污染物的来源和类型第八单元Reading Material : Type and Sources of Air Pollutants [ II J阅读材料：空气污染物的类型和来源（Ⅱ）What are PCBs什么是多氯联苯There are 209 possible chlorinated biphenyls, ranging in physicalcharacteristics.大概有 209 种氯化联苯，其物理性质不同。
The mono-and dichlorobiphenyls ( 27323-18-8), ( 25512-42-9) are colorless crystalline compounds that whenburned in air give rise to soot and hydrogen chloride.一氯联苯和二氯联苯（27323-18-8 ），（ 25512-42-9 ）是无色晶体的化合物，当它们在空气中燃烧会产生烟尘和氯化氢。
The most important products are tri - chlorobiphenyls,tetrachlorobiphenyls,pentachlorobiphenyls and/ or hexachlorobiphenyls.最重要的产品是三-氯化联苯，四氯联苯，五氯联苯和/ 或六氯联苯。
Chlorinated biphenyls are soluble in many organic solvents and in water onlyin the ppmrange.多氯联苯可溶于有机溶剂和仅在水的百万分之一ppm（ part per million）的范围内溶解。
环境科学与工程专业英语
环境科学与工程专业英语第一篇：环境科学与工程专业英语一、单词/词组（考试时要求：中译英/英译中）环境科学：environmental science环境工程：environmental engineering定量环境科学：quantitative environmental science 定性环境科学：qualitative environmental science 衰减再生：decay and recycling新陈代谢率：metabolic rates外来物质：foreign matter研究和发展：Research and Development一次大气污染物：primary air pollutant 二次大气污染物：secondary air pollutant氧含量：Oxygen content点源：point sources沥青残留物：asphaltic residue酸雨：acid rain设备维护：facilities maintenance废物最小化：waste minimization正常浓度：normal concentration胡乱收集：magpie collection需氧量：oxygen demand/the amount of oxygen required 闭合回路：closed-loop微生物：microbe/microorganisms揭示大的差别;expose the considerable gaps空气质量监测：air-quality monitoring氧化剂：oxidizer石油精炼:petroleum refining活性炭：activated carbon质量控制：quality control海轮：ocean liner挥发性化学物质：volatile chemicals沙漠化：desertification火山喷发：volcanic eruption间歇源：intermittent sources衡量浓度：trace concentrations氯化物和硫化物：chlorides and sulphates风化：wind erosion不完全燃烧：incomplete combustion化石燃料：fossil fuels液滴：liquid dropletsSO3:sulfur trioxidefor managerial and administrative reasons行政管理上的原因stacks of generating stations许多发电站Roman empire罗马皇帝Cloaca maxima 古罗马的大排泄沟Wate phosphorous 亚磷的（三价磷）phosphorous acid亚磷酸phosphoric磷的（五价）carbonates，bicarbonates碳酸盐，碳酸氢盐carbohydrates碳水化合物，主要含氢和碳TOC(total organic carbon)总有机碳COD(chemical oxygen demand)化学需氧量BOD(biological oxygen demand)生化需氧量Biodegradable organic可生物降解的有机物BOD5BOD的测试标准化rborne diseases 水传染的疾病epilimnion 表层水hypolimnion深水层thermocline热变形层become depleted of oxygen 缺氧二、重点句子翻译UNIT21.Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us；that which we can see，hear，touch，smell，and taste.环境是围绕在我们周围物质生命的栖息地，在那里我们可以看到，听到，触到，闻到和品尝到。
环境工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
环境工程专业英语词汇(整理版)环境污染 (Environmental Pollution)大气污染 (Air Pollution)- 空气质量指数 (Air Quality Index, AQI)- 酸雨 (Acid Rain)- 二氧化硫 (Sulfur Dioxide, SO2)- 氮氧化物 (Nitrogen Oxides, NOx)- 悬浮颗粒物 (Particulate Matter, PM)- 光化学烟雾 (Photochemical Smog)- 臭氧层破坏 (Ozone Depletion)- 温室效应 (Greenhouse Effect)水污染 (Water Pollution)- 水质标准 (Water Quality Standards)- 水体富营养化 (Eutrophication)- 水生生物 (Aquatic Organisms)- 重金属污染 (Heavy Metal Pollution)- 悬浮物 (Suspended Solids)- 生活污水 (Domestic Wastewater)- 工业废水 (Industrial Wastewater)- 河流富营养化 (River Eutrophication)- 水下沉积物 (Sediment)- 藻类水华 (Algal Blooms)土壤污染 (Soil Pollution)- 土壤污染物 (Soil Pollutants)- 农药残留 (Pesticide Residues)- 有机污染物 (Organic Pollutants)- 重金属污染 (Heavy Metal Pollution)- 土壤酸化 (Soil Acidification)- 土壤侵蚀 (Soil Erosion)环境保护法律 (Environmental Protection Laws)大气污染防治法 (Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law) - 大气污染物排放控制 (Air Pollutant Emission Control)- 大气污染责任追究 (Air Pollution Liability)水污染防治法 (Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law) - 水污染排放标准 (Water Pollutant Discharge Standards)- 水污染控制区划 (Water Pollution Control Zones)- 水污染防治设施 (Water Pollution Control Facilities)土壤污染防治法 (Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Law) - 土壤环境质量标准 (Soil Environmental Quality Standards)- 土壤污染调查与评价 (Soil Pollution Investigation and Assessment)> 注意：以上仅为部分词汇和法律名称示例，更多内容可根据需要进行扩展和更新。
环境工程专业英语汇总
专业英语环境：environment环境工程：environmentalengineering环境保护：environmentalprotection环境意识：environmentalconsciousness/awareness环境问题：environmentalissue/problem环境效应：environmentaleffect环境污染：environmentalpollution环境要素：environmentalelements环境因子：environmentalfactors环境化学：environmentalchemistry环境生态学：environmentalecology环境质量：environmentalquality环境自净作用：environmentalself-purification/self-cleansing 水环境：watershed水体：waterbody流域：watershed水质：waterquality水资源：waterresources供水：watersupply废水：wastewater水处理：watertreatment物理性水质指标：physicalindicateofwaterquality水污染物：waterpollutant生物性水质指标：biologicalwater-qualityindex水质标准：waterqualitystandard化学性水质指标：chemicalwater-qualityindexDS：dissolvedsolidsBOD：biochemicaloxygendemandTDS：totaldissolvedsolidsCOD：chemicaloxygendemand TSS：totalsuspendedsolidsDO：dissolvedoxygenTOC：totalorganiccarbonPH值：TN：总氮totalnitrogenTP：总磷phosphorusZn：zincCu：CopperAs：arsenicCd：CadmiumCr：chromiumNi：NickelHg：mercuryPb：plumbum物理处理：physicaltreatment过滤：screening生物处理：biologicaltreatment沉淀：sedimentation化学处理：chemicaltreatment气浮：flotation物理化学处理：physical-chemicaltreatment蒸发：evaporation稀释：dilution扩散：dispersion吹脱：stripping好氧处理：aerobictreatment生物膜法：bio-membraneprocess 厌氧处理：anaerobictreatment生物滤池：tricklingfilters 活性污泥法：activatedsludgeprocess生物接触氧化：biologicalcontactSBR：苯乙烯-丁二烯StyreneButadieneRubberUASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：Upflowanaerobicsludgeblanket活性污泥：activatedsludge改进型：modification一级处理：primarytreatment二级处理：secondarytreatment三级处理：tertiarytreatment高级氧化处理：advancedtreatment生活污水：domesticwastewater 生产废水：industrialwastewater城市生活污水：municipalwastewater电镀废水：metalplatingplants印染废水：pulpandpaperindustrieswastewater浊度：turbidity 硬度：hardness水质净化：waterqualitypurifies混凝沉淀：coagulateflocculatingagent活性炭吸附：activatedcarbonadsorption隔油池：oilseparationtank中和池：neutralizationtank调节池：adjustingtank生物反应池：biologicalreactor加药设备：physicalequipment沉淀池：sedimentationtank初沉池：primarysedimentationtank二沉池：secondarysedimentationtank絮凝剂：flocculant混凝剂：coagulateflocculant生物降解：biodegradation生物累积：bioaccumulation飘尘：floatingdust可吸入颗粒物：inhalableparticles能见度：visibility酸雨：acidrain一次污染物：primarypollutant二次污染物：secondarypollutant氮氧化物：nitrogenoxides 硫氧化物：sulfuroxides硫化氢：hydrogensulfide碳氧化物：carbonoxides硝酸：nitricacid盐酸：hydrochloricacid硫酸：sulfuricacid二氧化硫：sulfurdioxide除尘工艺：Dustremoval吸收：absorption吸附：adsorption静电除尘：electricdustprecipitation重力除尘：gravitationalsettling臭氧：ozone光化学烟雾：photochemicalsmoke喷淋（洗涤）：scavenging 土壤：soil热污染：temperaturechange/thermalpollution 噪声：noise放射性：radioactivityEIA：environmentalimpactassessmen tCAD（计算机辅助设计）：computeraideddesign大气污染控制工程：airpollutioncontrol水污染控制工程：waterpollutioncontrol 固体废物污染控制工程：solidwastemanagement污染源：pollutionsource同化作用：assimilation固体废物：solidwastes危险废物：hazardouswastes 化学污泥chemicalsludge：生物污泥：biologicalsludge工业固废：industrialwastes分选处理：separationtreatment 矿业固废：minesolidwastes破碎处理：processing农业固废：agriculturesolidwastes压实处理：reductioninvolume污泥脱水：disposalofthesludge？污泥浓缩：sludgethickening 带式压滤：Beltfilterpress 离心脱水：centrifugaldewatering 筛分：screening堆肥和堆肥化：compostandcomposting沼气和沼气化：biogas热解与焚烧：pyrolysisandincineration 生物转化作用：biotransformation热化学转化作用：thermo-chemical固化和稳定化作用：solidificationandstabilizati on资源化：resource减量化：pollutioncontrol无害化：harmlessness固体废物全过程控制：solidwasteintegratedcontrol 固体废物污染控制：solidwasterpollutioncontrol 固体废物处理：processingandrecovery处置：disposal物质回收：materialsrecovery 物质转化：materialconversion 能量回收：energyrecovery能量转化：energyconversion1.Environmentalengineeringhasbeendefinedasthebranchofengineeringthatisconcernedwithprotectingtheenvironmentfromthepotential,deleteriouseffectsofhumanactivity,protectinghuman populationsfromtheeffectsofadverseenvironmentalfactors,andimprovingenvironmentalqualit yforhumanhealthandwell-being.（2页）环境工程学是环境工程的分支学科，其研究内容包括①保护环境免受人类活动改造形成的潜在和不利影响②保护人类免受不利环境因素的影响③持续改善环境质量，以造福于人类健康与福祉。
(完整版)环境工程专业英语
环境工程专业英语pollution污染acid rain 酸雨environmental problem 环境问题environmental disturbance环境损坏biotic habitat 生物环境sulfur dioxide二氧化硫nitrogen oxide氧化氮carbon dioxide二氧化碳automobile exhaust汽车尾气infectious diseases 有传染性的疾病waterborne diseases 水传染的疾病 agrarian society农业社会 industrial society工业社会 industrial revolution家产革命urbanization城市化industrialization工业化developed country 发达国家developing country 发展中国家 undeveloped country 落伍国家 primary air pollutant一次大气污染物 secondary air pollutant 二次大气污染物monoxide 一氧化物 dioxide 二氧化物 trioxide 三氧化物 carbon monoxide一氧化碳 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫sulfur trioxide 三氧化硫 nitrous oxide 一氧化二氮 nitric oxide 一氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化氮carbon oxides 碳氮化物sulfur oxides 硫氧化物nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物hydrocarbons 碳氢化合物 photochemical oxidants 光化学氧化物 particulates 颗粒物inorganic compound 无机化合物 organic compound 有机化合物 radioactive substance放射性物质heat 热noise噪声 contaminant污染物strength 强度foreign matter杂质domestic sewage生活污水municipalwastewater城市废水microbe微生物microorganism微生物bacteria细菌total solids总固体inorganic constituents无机因素suspended solids(SS)固体悬浮物volatile s uspended solids(VSS)挥发性悬浮固体颗粒organic matter 有机物质total organic carbon, TOC 总有机碳chemical oxygen demand, COD 化学需氧量biochemical oxygen demand,BOD 生化需氧量biodegradable 可微生物分解的 contamination 污染recontamination 再污染groundwater地下水surface water 地表水 restriction 限制colloid 胶体 screening隔栅coagulation凝聚flocculation絮凝sedimentation 积淀filtration过滤disinfection消毒chlorination氯化消毒prechlorination预加氯ozonation臭氧消毒aeration 曝气softening 融化activated carbon 活性炭 adsorption吸附reverse osmosis 反浸透desalination脱盐处理microbial degradation微生物降解biological degradation生化降解biofilm process 生物膜法activated sludge process活性污泥法attached -growth 吸着生长 suspended-growth 悬浮生长 shock loading 冲击负荷organic loading 有机负荷 mixed liquor suspended solids 混淆液悬浮固体metabolize使代谢化metabolism新陈代谢dissolved oxygen 溶解氧pretreatment process 预办理工艺primary clarifier 初沉池 equalization basin 均质池 biological treatment process生物处理工艺 aeration basin 曝气池secondary clarifier二沉池 biomass生物质 heterotrophic bacteria异养菌autotrophic bacteria自养菌hydraulic retention time(HRT) 水力逗留时间sludge residence time (SRT) 污泥逗留时间solid waste 固体废物municipal 城市化industrial工业的agricultural 农业的hazardous 危险的residential住所的commercial 商业的 putrescible 易腐化的combustible易燃的flammable可燃的 explosive易爆的radioactive放射性的Landfilling土地填埋incineration:焚烧composting:堆肥compaction:压实，紧凑sanitary landfill 卫生填埋balance 剩下的，余额，结余batch-fed 分批投料refuse 垃圾municipal waste 城市垃圾perform:执行shut down:关闭energy recovery 能量回收 incomplete combustion不完整焚烧combustion燃烧volume reduction体积减小anaerobic厌氧硝化中英互译短语Biological degradation 生化降解equalization basin 调理池aeration basin 曝气池sludge blocs 污泥絮体settling tank积淀池dissolved oxygen溶解氧 suspended-growth悬浮生长pulverized refuse垃圾破裂biofilm 生物膜well -compacted landfill压实填埋场nutrient source 营养源mass-burning 大批焚烧 fluidized fed incarceration 硫化床焚烧法soil conditioners 土壤改进剂温室效应 greenhouse effect由 CO2惹起的 caust by CO2世界碳估算 the world carbon budget天气自然颠簸 natural fluctuations全世界变暖 global warming 厌氧的 anaerobic腐化 Putrefied甲烷 methane 臭氧层 ozone layer天气模型 climatic model 正常浓度： normal concentration严重污染物： heavily polluted决定因素： determining factor光化学氧化物：photochemical oxidants液体微滴：liquid particulates含硫的： sulfur -containing放射性物质： radioactiue substance 汽车尾气： automobile exhaust wet oxidation湿式氧化1、 Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see, hear, touch,smell, and taste.环境是我们四周的物理和生物环境，我们能够看到、听到、接触到、闻到和品味到的。