通过高考题精讲 in spite of
从高考题看情态动词的用法
从高考题看情态动词的用法最近几年高考试题中经常借助语境来考查情态动词的基本用法及其区别，因此在平时学习时准确理解和把握情态动词的基本用法十分重要。
情态动词的用法复杂多变，在高考试题中，命题者经常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的理解和把握。
对于情态动词，除了要求考生能够准确把握它们的基本用法外，还要充分利用高考试题所设置的语境来分析句子之间所体现的非凡关系。
下面就近几年来高考试题中出现的情态动词的考点进行归纳分析，以便同学们复习把握。
一、用“情态动词＋have ＋done”结构表示对过去动作的推测，高考试题中常用过去时态或过去的时间状语给以暗示。
情态动词的这一用法可以用“对立统一”来概括。
1．当试题的前句和后句在动作和意义上相互补充说明，且整个句意在动作和时间上是一个整体时，我们可用“统一”关系来解决这样的试题。
常见的结构有：must have done：表示对过去动作的肯定推测，常译作“一定做了……”，只能用于肯定句中。
其否定形式为can’t／couldn’t have done 疑问式为Can／Could...have done﹖。
could ／might have done：表示对过去发生的动作的可能性推测，常译作“可能做了……”。
如：1) Sorry I’m late．I ＿＿＿＿＿have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again． (北京2000春)A．might B．should C．can D．will该题前句说明了结果，后句接着说出了产生这种结果的可能性，对前句进行补充说明。
分析选项可知本题应选A。
2) My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday afternoon，so he ＿＿＿＿＿your lecture． (上海2000)A．couldn’t have attendedB．needn’t have attendedC．mustn’t have attendedD．shouldn’t have attended该题前句叙说一个客观事实，后句对前句进行补充说明，分析选项可知C是错误的 而B、D两项不符合题意。
2023年上海市英语高考二轮专题复习精讲精练(含真题与一二模题)17 应用文写作含详解
专题17 应用文写作【考题分析】1.近年来，上海英语高考作文的体裁基本都是书信，而其中又以建议信居多（考过一次申请求助信）。
首先要注意邮件类文书的格式，尤其是开头和结尾，切勿因细节问题而丢分；2.围绕学生熟悉的校园活动or课外学习活动，话题含有正能量又很亲和，容易拓展发挥；给出提示的提纲，其实就是写作时的思路框架；3.考察学生对身边事物的见解；正文文体叙述与议论相结合，要求例举事实、陈述理由，做到有理有据。
【应对举措】近年高考作文的话题看似都是些记叙文，实则需要考生写成夹叙夹议的文章。
考生需要注重平时的积累，多看多写，充分汲取写作的灵感和素材，并牢记考场作文四大原则：结构要清晰(clear structure)，内容要简单(manageable content)，主题要明确(prominent theme)，语言要包装(powerful language)。
不建议考生在很短的时间内过度纠结于构思精彩的内容，一来可能来不及写，二来往往造成无法驾驭语言的尴尬局面。
【常用句型第一组】一、开头句型1.As far as …is concerned就……而言，比如：就我而言As far as I concerned2. It can be said with certainty that... +从句可以肯定地说……3.As the proverb says, 正如谚语所说的，可以用来引用名言名句4.It has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到，……5.It's generally recognized that... 它普遍认为……6.It's likely that ...这可能是因为……7.It's hardly that...这是很难的……8. There's no denying the fact that……毫无疑问，无可否认9.Nothing is more important than the fact that……没有什么比这更重要的是…10.what's far more important is that……更重要的是……二、衔接句型1.A case in point is ...一个典型的例子是……2.However, 然而……3. But the problem is not so simple. Therefore，+句子( 然而问题并非如此简单，所以……)4.But it's a pity that...但遗憾的是… it’s a pity that….遗憾的是……5. In spite of the fact that...尽管事实……In spite of 尽管6.Further, we hold opinion that... 此外，我们坚持认为，……7.However , the difficulty lies in..+名词或者动名词.然而，困难在于…8.Similarly, we should pay attention to... 同样，我们要注意……9. As it has been mentioned above...正如上面所提到的… (可以用来对前面所说的话进行补充说明)10.In this respect, 从这个角度上1.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...因此，我们有理由相信……3.All things considered,总而言之= In a word=In conclusionIt may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说……4.Therefore, in my opinion,因此，在我看来，5.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论…6.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that...通过数据我们得到的结论是，…….7.It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论8.From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来，如果……也许更好四、举例句型1. Here is one more example这里有不止一个的例子2.Take … for example.就拿……为例子五、引言句型1. Some people think that ... 有些人认为…To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如下。
英语语法：短语inspiteof,instock的用法
英语语法：短语inspiteof,instock的⽤法上⼏期学习了英语语法：短语by the side of, due to的⽤法、短语except, for convenience的⽤法、短语from the beginning, for the sake of的⽤法、短语in a dilemma, in a row的⽤法、短语in accord with, in accordance with的⽤法、短语in all, in answer to的⽤法、短语in behalf of, in case of的⽤法、短语in danger, in exchange for的⽤法、短语in every way, in honor of的⽤法、短语in every way, in honor of的⽤法关注微博：@读外刊学英语介词短语，是介词和其它代词或名词或词组搭配形成的短语。
⼝语上简称“介短”。
该短语主要是⽤来表⽰词与词，词与句之间的关系。
81. in spite of尽管⽤法：inspite of表⽰“尽管”，语⽓较强。
despite也可以表⽰“尽管”，但语⽓较弱。
例句：In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author’s family managed to livea life of dignity. (2014年12⽉四级)尽管种族偏见引起了极⼤的不便，作者⼀家还是能够过着有尊严的⽣活。
语法结构分析：In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice是状语（caused by racial prejudice是过去分词词组作后置定语）, the author’s family是主语， managed是谓语动词， to live a life of dignity是宾语。
新高考英语题型精析精练与话题拓展：七选五之用逻辑关系突破7法(解析版)
七选五之用逻辑关系突破养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
【突破策略】【策略1】根据总分关系确定答案【真题示例】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.B.Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.C.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.D.It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.E.It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.F.Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.G.Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.【答题思路】本题考查总分关系。
专题 20 命题选材视角之语言学习-高考英语阅读理解精讲精练 (解析版)
专题 20 命题选材视角之语言学习40周年，随着改革向“深水区”推进，中外交流越来越多，语言学习或为高考的热门话题，通过阅读此类话题文章考生不仅可以领略西方语言尤其是英语的特点，而且可以了解语言背后的文化差异，从而培养考生积极的语言学习态度和浓厚的学习兴趣；培养考生良好的语言学习习惯。
在AThe Mandarin (普通话)speaking figure spins around a 360degree restaurant scene in an artificial intelligencedriven instruction program that looks like a giant video game. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute students testing the technology move inside the 12foothigh projection (投影) to order virtual bean curd from the panda waiter, chat with Beijing market sellers and practice Tai chi by mirroring moves of a watchful teacher.“Definitely less anxiety than mess ing it up with a real human being，”says Rahul Divekar, a computer science graduate student. “So compared to that anxiety, this is a lot more easy.”The Mandarin Project is a joint enterprise of RPI and IBM. Cognitive and Immersive Systems Laboratory researchers are developing a sort of smart room that can understand students' words, answer their questions and observe their gesture s. Lessons are presented as games or tasks, like ordering a meal.Divekar orders Peking duck —“Beijing kaoya” — and the panda fetch es the virtual dish. Divekar says the food is good —“Cai hen hao chi” — but he can't pay the bill. No problem, the panda replies —“Ni keyi xi pan zi” — you can wash the dishes.Other scenes include an outdoor market and a garden, each a high-tech twist on cultural immersion.“Our plan is to complete several scenes of real life in China, to let the student be able to have a virtual trip over there，”says Hui Su, director of the lab at RPI.Tests on the room with students studying Mandarin will continue this school year as they work on additional scenes, including an airport. A six-week course is being readied for the summer.The Mandarin Project is notable for its scale and complexity. Computers interpret speech and gesture to keep a dialogue going. When a student points to a picture and asks “What's that？”computers can come up with an answer. Still, language teachers need not fear for their jobs just yet. Developers of the Mandarin Project say it isn't advanced enough right now to completely replace classroom instruction.RPI president Shirley Ann Jackson foresee s the same type of technology being applied to other space s, such as corporate boardrooms. “We're not at the end of the line，”Jackson says, “but closer to the beginning.”1．What is the advantage of learning via the Mandarin Project?A．It is thrilling.B．It is relaxing.C．It is effective. D．It is demanding.2．How do students learn Chinese in the Mandarin Project?A．By doing tests in the smart rooms.B．By learning from language teachers.C．By playing video games with Chinese.D．By conducting tasks in designed situations.3．Which of the following scenes is to be developed?A．Ordering food.B．Practicing Tai chi.C．Waiting at the airport.D．Buying things in a market.4．What can we infer from the last paragraph?A．Language teachers will be jobless soon.B．The technology has a promising future.C．The technology has come to an end.D．More foreigners will learn Chinese.BLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers，small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own pattern s of speech independent of each other. Some language expert s believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade，industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially globalization and better communications in the past few decade s, all have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zone s have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000，Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800．The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half th e worlds’ languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers)，Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.5．What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A．They developed very fast.B．They were large in number.C．They had similar patterns.D．They were closely connected.6．Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?A．Complex. B．Advanced.C．Powerful. D．Modern.7．How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A．About 6,800．B．About 3,400．C．About 2,400．D．About 1,200．8．What is the main idea of the text?A．New languages will be created.B．Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.C．Human development results in fewer languages.D．Geography determines language evolution.CLanguage learning apps are very popular now and offer opportunities to learn vocabulary and practice grammar. But there has been a discussion about just how effective such apps can be.Among the most popular apps are Duolingo and Busuu. Previous research found positive results on the use of them. But these apps mainly concentrated on study with learners who had signed up for language courses and they only worked as after-school support, so the results were not always reliable. A recent study of 4,095 Busuu users has been carried out aimed to find out if users can actually learn a language with an app.Busuu provides learning material s for 12 different languages. It offers a special model where some content isavailable for free while some content is not. We find that its users are an even mix of men and women. More than half consider themselves to be at the beginner level as there is a decrease in users as their language levels go up. Most people use the app because of personal interest, or because they want to study or live abroad. Female users tend to use it less often but for longer periods of time than male users.Getting any feedback on Busuu depends on whether your answer is correct or not. While it is helpful, this is not the sort of feedback language teachers prefer, as it does not explain why the answer is right or wrong. In spite of this, feedback in the app is very highly rated.More than 92% of respondent s state that the app has met their expectations and 86% rate the app very highly. In fact, more than 80% of the users surveyed strongly agree that using the app has helped them improve their knowledge of the language they are learning.Besides, language learning apps also create an environment where mistakes are only known to the users, and this can address the performance anxiety that many learners suffer from when asked to speak a foreign language. So language teachers should encourage their students to use them to do the grammar work, leaving precious class time for more language communication.9．The results of the former research weren't always dependable because ________.A．it was only carried out before classB．it didn't consider users in classC．it just focused on positive resultsD．it used out-of-date methods10．What can we learn about the app Busuu from the text?A．All the content is free to use.B．Most users consider it satisfying.C．It's used by more advanced learners.D．It's more popular with female learners.11．Which of the following can probably replace the underlined word “address” in the last paragraph?A．Deal with.B．Write down.C．Turn to. D．Speak of.12．What is the main idea of the text?A．Students won't suffer anxiety in learning languages by using Busuu.B．Language learning apps are effective and satisfactory to language learners.C．Language learning apps are very popular with most language teachers.D．Students should be required to use apps for homework after class.答案：A语篇解读：美国伦斯勒理工学院和国际商业机器公司共同开发了一种帮助人们学习普通话的新技术，它通过让学生做一些场景中的任务或游戏来学习，让学生感到很放松。
2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题3-代词(精讲深剖)(含解析)
专题03代词——精讲深剖语法填空1.(2018全国高考I卷)If you are time poor，you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports，so perhaps we should all give a try.【答案】it【解析】考查代词。
give it a try为固定搭配，意为“试一试”，根据语境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。
句意：如果你很难抽出时间，你只需要跑一半的时间就能得到和其他运动一样的好处，所以也许我们都应该试一试。
2.(2018全国高考III卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find (they) alive. 【答案】them【解析】考查代词。
这里用them指代上文的the gorillas。
句意：当大猩猩和我都吓了彼此一跳时，我很高兴能看见它们还活着。
3.(2017全国高II卷)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using every day.【答案】it【解析】考查代词。
use是及物动词，其后接宾语，此处很明显缺少代词。
分析句意可知，此处用it指代上文提到的the railway。
句意：然而，铁路很快被证明是一个巨大的成功，在6个月内，每天使用它的有25,000多人。
4.(2016全国高II卷)On my recent visit，I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ____(it) mother. 【答案】its【解析】考查代词。
2023高考英语全国乙卷阅读理解A篇试题分析
2023高考英语全国乙卷阅读理解A篇试题分析第一部分：真题呈现APRACTITIONERSJacqueline Felic de Almania (c. 1322 ) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine.Tan Yunxian (1461 - 1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships ( 学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511，Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.James Barry (c. 1789 - 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Amy, servingoverseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced herentire medical profession living and working as a man.Rebecca Lee Crumpler ( 1831 - 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865，where she provided medical care to freed slaves.21. What did Jacqueline and James have in common?A. Doing teaching jobs.B. Being hired as physicians.C. Performing surgery.D. Being banned from medicine.22. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other pactitioners?A. She wrote a book.B. She went through trials.C. She worked as a dentist.D. She had formal education.23. Who was the first African American with a medical degree?A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania.B. Tan Yunxian.C. James Barry.D. Rebcca Lee Crumpler.第二部分：原文出处该语篇出自D.K.Publishing 2019年出版的 Women: Our History 一书第181页内容。
【备战高考】介词真题解析
【备战高考】介词真题解析一、单项选择介词1．Don't put your bicycle______ the window. The glass can be easily broken.A．against B．with C．beyond D．for【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：不要把你的自行车倚着窗子。
玻璃可能很容易被弄坏。
A.put against 把……靠在……上； B. put with 忍受； C．put beyond 远离； D．put for向……前进，努力进取。
由句意可知选A。
考点: 考查介词的用法。
2．Most people work because it’s unavoidable. ________, there are some people who actually enjoy work.A．As a result B．In additionC．By contrast D．In conclusion【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。
句意：大部分人工作是因为不可避免，相比之下，有些人确实喜欢工作。
A. As a result结果；B. In addition此外；C. By contrast相比之下；D. In conclusion总而言之。
“不可避免”表示一种无奈，也就是说，很多人是不得不工作的。
后句的表达是“事实上有些人喜欢工作”，“喜欢”和“不得不”刚好构成一种对比，故选C。
【点睛】本题关键词是不可避免（unavoidable）。
本题需要通过分析句子成分，判断前后的意思是相反的。
介词的短语的考查，四个选项意思都是相差很大的，该题需要能够正确理解句子隐含意思。
平时要注重识记介词短语的，另外这些介词短语表达可以运用在写作中。
3．(2015•湖北) This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you ___________ that if you smoked here you would be fined.A．in advance B．in detailC．in total D．in general【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：这个会议室是无烟区域。
2021届高考英语人与社会类文章精讲(三)
2021高考英语人与社会类文章精讲(三）高热量快餐American children are still eating lots of fast food——and in spite of restaurants' promises of healthy options, most kids are sticking with fries over salads. Some infamous chains like McDonald's and Wendy's have promised to offer healthier options on their kids' menus, but they aren't all sticking it, according to a new report from the Rudd Center.In fact, nearly all parents are buying their kids at least one fast food meal a week. Healthy fruits and vegetables may be all the rage among adults, but busy parents still choose quick meals for themselves and their kids. It doesn't look like fast food is going away any time soon.Scientists at the Rudd Center surveyed about 800 parents in 2010, then again in 2013 and 2016. Things have not improved much over the years. Of the vast majority of parents who had made a trip to McDonald's, Burger King, Wendy's or Subway in the last week, 74% ordered an unhealthy side or drink. The older the child, the more likely their parents were to choose fries instead of a fruit, or a similarly less healthy menu item. And about 35% of parents ordered regular adult menu items for their 2 to 11 -year-old children, meaning these kids were often getting larger, less nutritious（营养的） lunches and dinners.Even as they introduced options like fruit juices, low-fat milk and yogurt to their menus, some restaurants have also added desserts and other calorie-heavy options to their kids' menu items. So despite what's now on offer, kids are getting equally or less nutritious meals nowadays, which is mostly because fast food restaurants still promote their unhealthy options, and sides like fries are still allowed.“While most fast-food restaurants do have healthier kids’ meal drinks and sides available, many do little to make parents aware of the healthier options or to encourage parents to choose the healthier options instead of unhealthy ones，”said lead study author Jennifer Harris. "If restaurants are serious about children's health, they will make the healthiest choice and the easiest choice for parents and the most appealing choice for children."1 .What do the underlined words "all the rage” in Paragraph2 mean?A.Popular.B. Necessary.C. Potential.D. Modern.2.Which of the following can summarize the parents surveyed in the report?A. Many parents like to eat in McDonald's.B. Many parents think eating fast food is healthy.C. Many parents tend to choose unhealthy food for their kids.D Many parents always ignore the healthy food in their daily life.3.What should kids avoid eating in fast-food restaurants?A.Fruit juices.B. Desserts.C. Low-fat milk.D. Yogurt.4.What does Jennifer Harris advise most fast-food restaurants to do?A.Offer healthier meals for kids.B.Take children's health seriously.C.Be honest about their business.D.Guide parents how to order a healthy meal.文章语言点学习语法和长难句1.Of the vast majority of parents who had made a trip to McDonald's, Burger King, Wendy's or Subway状语关系代词谓语宾语定语in the last week, 74% ordered an unhealthy side or drink.（第三段第三句）时间状语主语谓语宾语【功能注释】这是一个主从复合句。
高三英语LMN试题
高三英语LMN试题1. In spite of his disappointment, he _______ a weak smile.A．confirmed B．persuadedC．cancelled D．Managed【答案】D【解析】试题分析:句意：尽管他很失望，但他还是强颜欢笑。
固定搭配manage a weak smile 考点:考查固定搭配2. openA．become B．across C．lonely D．balcony【答案】C【解析】考查语音。
open中的元音字母o是在开音节中发字母本身的音/əʊ/，答案C的lonely中的o也在开音节中，发音相同，故选C。
【考点】考查字母o的读音。
3. (2014·福建名校质量检查)I hope the government will take more strict________against the smog that affected several big cities last winter.A．attitudes B．measuresC．schedules D．procedures【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。
句意为：我希望政府能针对去年冬天影响了几个大城市的烟雾采取更严厉的措施。
measure措施，符合句意。
答案：B4. She ________ the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour. (2013·江西，31) A．connected B．fittedC．equipped D．matched【解析】D解析本题考查动词词义辨析。
句意为：她用一些颜色相配的漂亮窗帘来搭配地毯。
match使相配；connect连接；fit使适合；equip装备，配备。
5.—________ you leave now? You only arrived an hour ago!—Sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me.A．Must B．MayC．Can D．Might【答案】A【解析】A 考察情态动词。