动词短语 和 短语动词 的区别

动词短语 和 短语动词 的区别
动词短语 和 短语动词 的区别

动词短语和短语动词的区别?

一。动词短语

动词短语的搭配可分为下列六种基本类型。

1.动词+副词

1)作及物动词,例:

He brought up his children strictly.

从以上的例句中可以看出,在“动词+副词”的词组中宾语位置有两种情况:宾语如是名词,则可置于副词后面,亦可置于动词和副词之间。而如果宾语是代词,只能置于动词后面,即动词和副词之间。

2)作不及物动词,例:

Something unexpected has turned up.

出现了令人意外的情况。(turn up=appear)

3)既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词,例:

The barrel of gunpowder blew up.(不及物)火药桶爆炸了。

The soldiers blew up the bridge.(及物)士兵们把桥炸毁了。

2.动词+介词

动词与介词构成的词组在词义上相当于一个及物动词,宾语总是在介词后面,例:

I don’t much care for television.我不很喜欢电视。(care for=like)3.动词+副词+介词

在这类动词短语中,动词、副词、介词紧密结合,是动副词组和动介词组的合成体,词义上相当于一个及物动词。它兼有以上两类短语动词的特点,但宾语总是位于介词之后,例:

We must work hard to make up for lost time.我们必须努力工作来弥补失去的时间。(make up for=compensate['k?mpenseit] vi. 补偿,赔偿;抵消vt. 补偿,赔偿;付报酬)

4.动词+名词

这类动词短语中的常见动词是have,take,give,make等,后面的名词通常是从动词转化而来的动作名词,并表达了短语动词的真正意义,例:Let’s have another try.让我们再试一下。(have a try=v.try)

5.动词+名词+介词

这类动词短语只用作及物动词。名词前可加形容词说明程度,宾语总是位于介词之后,例:

Keep an eye on the baby while I am out.我不在家时请照看一下小孩子。6.be+形容词(包括过去分词作形容词)+介词

这类动词短语也相当于及物动词,宾语位于介词后面,形容词是短语动词的真正词义,例:

I know he is slow at understanding,but you have to be patient with him.我知道他理解力差,但你得对他耐心些。

二、短语动词

(1)短语动词常常是两个词(一个动词+一个副词性小品)构成,如:wake up , get up ,turn out 等。

(2)同一个动词后面可以有不同的副词性小品词,构成不同意义的短语动词。如:He turn on the radio .Bob turned out smiling.

(3)短语动词用法普遍,尤其在非正式语言中:

我们可以说He awoke late the following morning .但这太正式了。

我们通常说He woke up late the following morning .

短语动词的不同类型

Here is a page from Mr Jones` diary :

Monday ,February 5th.

*有些短语动词不带宾语:

The car broke down .Cigarette prices are going up.

*多数主短语动词可以带宾语,宾语通常在副词性小品词的前或后:

动词+副词性小品词+宾语动词+宾语+副词性小品词

I rang up a garage. I rang a garage up.

如果宾语较长,则通常放在副词之后:

I filled in an application form.(不说I filled an application form in .)

如果宾语是代词,其结构通常如下:

动词+代词+副词性小品词

I put it down.(不说I put down it .)

*有些短语动词是由三个词构成的(动词+副词性小品词+介词),这样,宾语就只能放在介词后面:

I don`t get on with the people at work

怎样区分:“动词+介词"和"动词+副词"。

先用我使用的最简单的方法给你说明一下:

1. 介词不可以单独存在,就是后面一定有东西跟着它,不要管是什么,翻译一下就明白了,

副词是修饰其它词的,就是...的...怎么样等,不管是修饰动词,形容词还是其它词.

我举个例子你一下子就明白了

please come in

sometimes i have a lunch out with Tom.

这里in就是副词,修饰动词come的,意思是进到里面来,out也是副词修饰动词have 吃,怎么吃,是与朋友到外面吃,这里in and out 后面都没有跟东西,就是副词。

he is studying in the classroom

不用我说了吧,哈哈in 后面有教室,就是在.....里.through the door he escaped

through 通过这个门,介词后接名词。

OK 一切搞定,这是最简单的方法.如果你想看那些太书面化的就看下面的吧,不过不如我教你有用哈哈

介词:

介词又称前置词,是虚词,在句中不单独作任何句子成分。介词后面必须有名词、名词性词组或名词性从句作它的宾语,构成介词短语,介词短语在句子中可充当各种句子成分,如:The flowers in our garden are in full blossom.(我们花园中的花朵盛开了。)在此句中,介词短语in our garden是地点,作定语修饰flowers,介词短语in full blossom作表语,表示主语的状态或情况。又如I met Mary before lunch.(我在午餐前碰见过玛丽。)介词短语before lunch在句中充当时间状语。

介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一,同一个介词和不同的词语搭配,可表示不同的意义,很多习语都是由介词和其他词构成的。因此对介词的掌握是学好英语的关键。介词有三种形式,它们是:1.简单介词,例:

at,on,behind,during,from,等等。

有些简单介词是由加-ing 的现在分词转化而来,例:

considering,concerning,regarding等等。

2.合成介词,例:

into,onto,inside,outside,without,throughout等等。

3.复合介词由两个或两个以上单词组成,例:

according to,because of,ahead of,in front of,on account of等等。

注意:不管复合介词由几个单词组成,但末尾一个单词必须是介词。

副词:

副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词等单词或短语,以说明动作性质或状态的特征的词。副词的主要句法功用是作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词或某些短语,甚至整个句子。副词可以使语言的描述更具体、更全面、更生动,因此,在传递信息,交流思想和感情方面发挥强大的功能。

常用的副词有:now, ago, before, today, tomorrow, always, often, sometimes, already, late, soon, here, there, easily,comfortably, hardly, happily,sadly 等等。

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高考英语动词及动词短语专项练习100题

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(备考2020)中考英语真题分类汇编 专题十 动词和动词短语(含解析)

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A. sell out B. work out C. hand out D. find out 【答案】C 【解析】句意:我表哥在“儿童之家”当义工。他的工作是分发食物和衣服。考查动词短语辨析。A. 卖光;B. 想出;C. 发放;D. 发现。根据My cousin volunteers in the Children's Home.可知hand out food and clothes符合句意,故选C。 ()3.(2019辽宁省铁岭)4.The cover of the book comfortable.It's made of silk. A. tastes B. feels C. looks D. sounds 【答案】B 【解析】句意:这本书的封面摸起来很舒服。它是丝绸做的。考查系动词辨析。A. 尝起来,表味觉;B. 感觉,表触觉;C. 看起来,表视觉;D. 听起来,表听觉。comfortable舒服的,根据It's made of silk.可知ACD三项意思都不合句意,故选B。 () 4.(2019辽宁省葫芦岛市)13.Every evening my father ______ newspapers while my mother watch es TV. A.puts up B.looks for C.gives away D.looks through 【答案】D 【解答】根据句意:每天晚上我爸爸看报纸,我妈妈看电视.结合选项,A.举起B.寻找C.分发D.浏览,选项D符合题意.故选:D. () 5.(2019辽宁省葫芦岛市)5.New energy cars have been ______ to cut down air pollution.A.discovered B.found C.invented D.refused 【答案】C 【解析】四个选项都是过去分词,该句用的是现在完成的被动语态结构,即have been done.A 表示发现,B表示找到,C表示发明,D表示拒绝.根据题干可知为了减少空气污染,发明了新能源汽车.故选:C. ()6.(2019河北)31. On the first day of Chinese New Year, we_________ new clothes and visit people.

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