长难句+解析
2024年英语四级真题长难句解析
9、Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School. (2008年12月)
本句为简单句，主干为This guidance eliminated the need…and avoided confrontation…。eyeing the same parking space为现在分词作后置定语，修饰those。
这些引导消除了顾客在停车场无尽地兜圈子的必要，而且避免了顾客之间因抢占空车位而引发的冲突。
5、We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a beneficial effect on the world.
本句为复合句。主句为We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices。that 引导定语从句，修饰 choices，that 在从句中作主语。to make choices 作 opportunity 的定语。
10、“Retailers who’re ponsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly,” said Professor Stephen Hoch. (2008年12月)
英语六级阅读的真题长难句解析
英语六级阅读的真题长难句解析
1. While pensioners, particularly elderly women, make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice.
【译文】尽管大局部单独生活的.人是靠养老金生活的老年人，尤其是老年女性，但是最新消失的这群单身主义者却正值三十岁到四十岁的壮年。
这些人收入丰厚，渐渐把单身看作是一种生活方式的选择。
【析句】复合句。
主句the newest crop of singles are high earners..., who increasingly view living alone as...是定语从句修饰主句，而主句前while引导让步状语从句，具有转折语气。
2. Supporters of the biotech industry have accused an American scientist of misconduct after she testified to the New Zealand government that a genetically modified bacterium could cause serious damage if released.
【译文】一位美国女科学家向新西兰州政府证明，一种基因改造细菌假如泄露到试验室外，可能会导致严峻破坏，随后生物科技产业的支持者对她的这种行为表示了剧烈责备。
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析 形式主语
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析形式主语Perhaps we know more about the world than we used to, and insofar as knowledge is prerequisite to understanding, that's all to the good. But knowledge is not as much a prerequisite to understanding as is commonly supposed.【翻译】也许比起过去，我们现在对世界知道得更多了，并且只要知道是理解的前提，那就没啥问题。
但是知道并不像人们通常想像的那样，真的就是理解的前提。
【语法分析】第一句是一个并列复合句。
首先，在大的层面上，它是一个并列句，用and连接起来。
其次，在小的层面上，第一个分句是一个主从复合句，Perhaps we know more about the world 是主句，than we used to是一个比较状语从句。
在这里used to表示“过去曾经”，后面省略了know.所以，这是一个并列复合句。
第二个分句也是主从复合句，that's all to the good是主句，意思是“那就是好的，没问题的”。
主句前面的句子是条件状语从句，insofar as就是in so far as, insofar 是一个介词短语，加上as后，意思是to the extent that，“到......的程度”，“在......的范围内”，我们可以把insofar as看成是一个连词，引导一个条件状语从句。
所以这句话的意思就是“在知道是理解的前提这个范围之内，上面那句话确实是对的。
”并列句与并列复合句的区别，就是并列句的两个分句都是简单句。
而并列复合句是至少有一个分句是主从复合句。
第二句是一个主从复合句。
as is commonly supposed是一个比较状语从句，用as ... as表示比较，前面是主句。
阅读理解长难句解析
阅读理解长难句解析一、定语从句1.P3 Y et members of the nation’s present educational and cultural elite still cling to thenotion that the United States belongs to some vaguely defined entity they refer to as “Western civilization,” by which they mean, presumably, a civilization created by people of Europe, as if Europe can even be viewed as completely uninfluenced by the rest of the world.2.P6 Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there aremany stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appreciate responses will experience greater intellectual development.3.P9 In the “soap war” between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever, tremendous use is madeof statistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from the proportional allocation to advertising, which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling, so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.4.P10 Thus, to rectify the positions taken previously, where we contented ourselves withcondemnations, in my delegation’s opinion, we must find an overall solution which would come to grips with both the substance as well as the superficial aspects which, after all, serve only to compel us to keep this problem constantly on the Security Council’s agenda.5.P11 We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical changein matter as a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.6.P13 The revolution soon spread to Western Europe and the United States which, duemainly to the development of her northeastern iron industry, became the world’s leading industrial nation by the late 1800s.7.P13 The man who has not learned anything about how to understand his own intentionsand to make them effective, who has not learned something about what is possible and what impossible through experiences and books, will be enslaved by the political and social intentions of other men.8.P16 Studies of the Weddell seal in the laboratory have described the physiologicalmechanisms that allow the seals to cope with the extreme oxygen deprivation that occurs during its longest dives, which can extend 500 meters below the ocean’s surface and last for over 70 minutes.9.P19 While this boundary does not mark the outer limit of a State’s territory, since ininternational law the territorial sea forms part of a State’s territory, it does represent the demarcation between that maritime area (internal waters) where other States enjoy no general rights, and those maritime areas (the territorial sea and other zones) where other States do enjoy certain general rights.10.P19 He finds that students who were easy to teach, because they succeeded in puttingeverything they had been taught into practice, hesitate when confronted with the vast untouched area of English vocabulary and usage which falls outside the scope of basic textbooks.11.P 20 But I would like to do the same with the acclaim too, by using this moment as apinnacle from which I might be listened to by the young men and women already dedicated to the same anguish and travail, among whom is already that one who will some day stand here where I am standing.12.P53 At the MIT Media Lab, a prototype is already being built which will determine howsleepy you are as you drive, which is especially important for long-distance truck drivers.二、分割结构1. P54 I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of she after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life”, and making the alternative move into “downshifting”brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.2. P54 Such an outcome, if it happens, could cause a political controversy; or it could lead to more power being transferred to the EU in the worst possible circumstances, namely when the Union is deeply unpopular.3. P 55 That fact, let alone the current division between the 11 euro countries and the four, led by Britain, that have not joined, is likely to mean that the Union should become a multisystem entity, with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things.4. P55 This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.5.P58 Y ou have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense , manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories.6. P63 The main burden of assuring that the resources of the federal government are well managed falls on relatively few of the five million men and women whom it employs.7. P65 It means that the United States, as compared with that position we found ourselves in immediately after World War II, had a challenge such as we did not even dream of.8. P70 Every particle has acting on it a force which urges it downward.13.P70 A new trend in radio broadcasting that developed during the late 1960s was the “talkshow”, featuring conversations between listeners and announcers or guests in the studio. 14.P72 They are, in fact, still capable under favorable circumstances of leading individuallives.15.P74 And numerous experiments have shown once the concept of self is changed, otherthings consistent with the new concept of self are accomplished easily and without strain. 16.P75 He had no thought of the time to come when his muscles would not be so mighty, norhis health so superb, and when he would not be able to work harder.三、否定句1.P171 But even he was unable to discover how long the gorilla lives, or how or why it dies, nor was he able to define the exact social patterns of the family groups, or indicate the final extent of their intelligence.2.P172 Descriptive linguists cannot explain how a sentence is transformed – or, in other words, indicate such relationships as that between active and passive voice.3.P173 For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80s, downshifting in the mid-90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life – growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one –as a personal recognition of your limitations.4.P175 Who knows but it will rain tomorrow?5.P176 I know not what, nor where, neither what latitude, what country, what nation or what river. I neither saw, nor desired to see any people; the principal thing I wanted was fresh water.6.P176 He had never touched anything in the library other than American novels.7.P177 Don’t tell him more than you can help.8.P177 Rather than condemnation there was some kindness in the man’s voice.9.P178 Certainly I don’t teach because teaching is easy for me. Nor do I teach because I think I know answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share.10.P179 They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the law.11.P181 He’s no more able to read Spanish than I am.12.P182. One can’t be too careful in making the decision as it was such a critical case.13.P;183 Y ou cannot be careful enough. Y ou cannot take enough care.14.P184 There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parents… No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children.15.P185 A book may be compared to your neighbor, if it be good, it can not last too long; if bad, you can not get rid of it too early.四、省略句1.P80 If a needle is thrown at random on a sheet of paper ruled with lines whose distance apart is exactly equal to the length of the needle, how often can it be expected to fall on a line and how often into a blank space?2.P81 Neither do we know how the universe begin, nor how it will end – if, indeed, it ends at all.3. Son and father, together, had saved the day – he by holding out for something he enjoyed and I by having the sense, finally, to realize that he was right, and to let go of my dream of how things should be.4.P85 The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers.5.P85 The European Union is an imperfect creature, with some of its actions based on fine principles of political economy and some one poor ones.6.P86 To Americans, being on one’s own suggests that one is a fully independent and functioning part of the whole capable and willing to make choices.7.P87 For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever.8.P88 Airline pilots, in fact, whose experience is so obviously relevant that it ought to serve as a guide, often live by their own watches, ignoring local tim e, and have breakfast at midnight if necessary.9.P91 The question “what are the roads like?”may when asked at one time, refer to the condition of the surface, at another, to their narrowness, at another to the traffic upon them, and at still another to the presence or otherwise of ice or snow.10.P92 The largest known raindrops are slightly less than a quarter inch across or would be if they were perfectly round.11.P92 Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown.12.P93 In their hearts, women think it is men’s business to earn money and theirs to spend it – if possible during their husband’s life, but, at any rate, after his death.13.P95 I could accept this fact with calmness because I know that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.14.P98 By taking thought, men can move mountains – and have.五、分词作状语1.P150 Americans have always been deeply ambivalent, revering the nation’s immigrationroots and enjoying cheap immigrant labor, but resenting the newcomers who flood their cities,drain their service and dilute their culture.2.P152 The spate of shootings had appeared to be easing recently, however, with attacksmainly confined to tourists visiting the south of the country.3.P153 Blake, now 73 and living in relative poverty in a flat in Moscow, was responsible forthe deaths of several British agents after he became a Russian spy, following his capture by North Koreans and conversion to communism.4.P154 There are many other exchange expressions, but those who are not well versed inexchange terminology would do well to confine themselves to the use of expressions “favorable”and “unfavorable”when describing movements in exchange from the point of view of their countries, or to the use of “appreciate”and “depreciate”when describing a movement in the value of any particular currency.5.P155 The fuel is easy enough to produce: hydrogen can be extracted from water, usingelectricity, or cooled out of natural gas and even municipal waste, using heat.6.P156 Put your palms together in front of you, your elbows pointing out the sides, yourfingertips pointing upward, and push so that you feel pressure in the heels of your palms and under your arms.7.P158 Therefore, both jogging and dieting, carried to extremes, can be hazardous.8.P159 Since the 1950s scores of major urban newspapers have ceased operation, leavingmost large U.S. cities with no more than one morning and one afternoon newspaper.9.P159 Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever longer warning labels, tryingto anticipate every possible accident.10.P161 Washing machines take the drudgery out of laundry, the latest models being entirelyautomatic and able to wash and dry a large quantity of clothes in a few minutes.11.P162 The net result is a continuous flow of gas, starting as hot gases in intergalactic spaceand ending as a drizzle of cool gas called a “cooling flow”, falling into the central galaxy. 12.P165 Further, many universities have become enslaved to their own bureaucratic process,often placing first-year students in classes beyond their actual level of competence, based on placement exams that do not accurately measure true ability.13.P166 Finally he had saved $ 50, which some Henning people living in Chicago, who wereback home visiting, had assured him was enough to see him eat and sleep long enough to find himself a job that would put him on his feet.。
托福长难句120句解析
托福长难句120句解析一、句子解析1. The professor's lecture was so convoluted that it was difficult for the students to follow.解析：这个句子中，convoluted意为“复杂的”，表示教授的讲座内容非常复杂，以至于学生很难理解和跟随。
2. Despite her extensive preparation, she struggled with the difficult questions on the exam.解析：这个句子中，despite意为“尽管”，表示尽管她做了大量的准备工作，但仍然在考试中遇到了困难的问题。
3. The author uses a series of rhetorical questions to engage the reader and provoke thought.解析：这个句子中，rhetorical questions意为“修辞性问题”，表示作者使用了一系列的修辞性问题来吸引读者并引发思考。
4. The government's decision to increase taxes was met with widespread opposition from the public.解析：这个句子中，met with意为“遭遇”，表示政府增税的决定受到了公众的广泛反对。
5. The new technology has the potential to revolutionize the way we live and work.解析：这个句子中，has the potential to意为“有潜力”，表示新技术有潜力彻底改变我们的生活和工作方式。
6. The company's profits have plummeted as a result of the economic downturn.解析：这个句子中，plummeted意为“暴跌”，表示由于经济衰退，公司的利润暴跌。
大学英语阅读理解长难句解析
大学英语阅读理解长难句解析
长难句在大学英语阅读理解中是一个普遍存在的现象。
在阅读理解的过程中，要理解长难句是必不可少的，因为长难句的结构往往复杂，需要仔细分析和研究。
而理解长难句也需要一些技巧和方法，以下是一些简单有效的技巧和方法：
1. 找出主干
长难句通常包含多个从句和各种修饰语，如果没有找出主干，就难以理清其结构。
所以，找出主干是理解长难句的第一步。
主干是句子中最重要的成分，也是句子的中心思想所在。
2. 利用标点符号
标点符号在长难句中起到了很重要的作用，可以帮助我们理解句子的结构。
比如，逗号可以分割句子成分，引号可以标识出语言或引用的内容。
3. 寻找关键词
长难句通常有很多修饰语和从句，这些语句中的关键词是理解句子结构的关键。
找到关键词可以帮助我们更好地理解整个句子。
4. 确定从句
长难句中常常包含从句，而从句又可以是定语从句、状语从句或者名词性从句。
确定从句是理解长难句的关键。
从句与主句的关系对于整个句子的理解至关重要。
总之，在大学英语阅读理解中，理解长难句是必不可少的。
我们需要采用一些方法和技巧，如找出主干、利用标点符号、寻找关键词和确定从句等，才能更好地理解长难句，并在阅读中获取更多的信息。
长难句解析
长难句解析高考英语阅读文章中往往会有一些长难句，这些长难句常常是考题所要考查的对象，也是考生理解文章的一大障碍。
针对长难句，要学会利用语法知识中的句法知识来理解，先判断句子的主干部分，而对于句子的修饰、补充成分，可以先忽略不看。
在理解了句子的主干意思后，再来理解修饰、补充成分。
同时，句子中的标点符号也是一个很重要的判断依据，要充分利用标点符合，帮助我们判断句子的主干和修饰成分。
根据长难句的结构，我们可以把长难句分为：环环相扣式、并列式、插入语式和改变语序式。
一、环环相扣式这类句子往往有多重句子修饰成分，这些修饰成分往往用非谓语动词或从句充当。
在阅读过程中，对于这类句式应当先找到句子的主干，然后再看修饰成分。
例1： A mere hundred species (物种) are the basis of our food supply，of which but twenty carry the load.Wilson suggests changing thissituation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of，which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.(2008全国卷一E篇)译文：只有约100种物种为我们提供食物基础，其中只有20种承担着供应人类食物的重担。
Wilson建议通过调查研究一万种可以被利用的物种来改变这种现状，这样做可以减少人类为了增加耕种面积而开垦动植物的自然家园的做法。
解析：第二句是一个含有多层结构的句子。
第一层结构：Wilson suggests changing ...by looking ...。
第2个which引导的非限定性定语从句是第二层结构代替changing e of。
语言中的长难句解析
语言中的长难句解析语言是人类交流的重要工具，其中长难句作为语法的一部分，常常给人造成困扰。
本文旨在解析语言中常见的长难句结构，为读者提供理解的窍门和应对策略。
通过对长难句的分析和解读，我们可以更好地理解语言的表达方式，并提升我们自己的写作和阅读能力。
一、长难句的定义和特点长难句，顾名思义，就是句子结构复杂、句子长度较长的句子。
它通常由多个从句或短语构成，包含大量的修饰成分和连接词。
长难句的使用可以使句子表达更加细致和复杂，但也给读者造成理解上的困扰。
长难句的特点主要体现在以下几个方面：1. 句子的词数较多，常常超过20个单词。
2. 句子结构复杂，包含多个并列或从属关系的从句。
3. 句子中存在大量的修饰成分，如定语从句和状语从句。
4. 句子中使用了大量的连接词和连接词组，如连词、关联词等。
二、常见的长难句结构及解析1. 定语从句定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句，常常用于限定或具体描述名词的作用。
定语从句一般由关系代词（如who, which, that等）引导。
例句：I have a friend who lives in New York.这个句子中的定语从句"who lives in New York"修饰了friend，用来具体描述这个朋友及其居住地。
2. 状语从句状语从句是修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的从句，用来表达时间、原因、条件、目的、方式等。
例句：Although it was raining heavily, we still went for a walk.这个句子中的状语从句"Although it was raining heavily"表示时间条件，用来解释为什么我们仍然决定去散步。
3. 并列句并列句是由连词（如and, but, or等）连接的两个或多个句子，用来表达并列关系或对比关系。
例句：She is funny, but she is also very serious.这个句子中的并列句"but she is also very serious"表示对比关系，用来形容她既幽默又认真的两个方面。
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e it to talk about events and experiences in the past that are connected with the present or have a result in the present.解析：此句为use引出的祈使句，主干部分为前半句Use it to talk about events and experiences in the past，that引导出一个定语从句，用来修饰先行词“events and experiences”，在从句中作主语；connect with 以为“与...连接\联系”。
翻译：用它来讨论过去的与现在有联系或对现在有一个结果作用的事件或经历。
2.They want to have a break from being a student, earn some money before university, get work experience or just travel.解析：此句虽长，但其实只是个主谓宾结构的简单句。
主语为they，谓语动词为want to，后边接了4个并列宾语have a break from，earn some money，get work experience，travel。
翻译：他们想要有一个远离学生的休息，在大学前赚一些钱，获得一些工作经历，或者仅仅来次旅游。
3.Popular projects include identifying turtles in Trinidad and Tobago, helping people in the Brazilian rainforest or, like Tessa, teaching English in the Andes.解析：简单的主谓宾结构，主语Popular projects，谓语动词include，宾语由3个并列的动名词充当，分别为：identifying turtles，helpingpeople，teaching English。
翻译：受欢迎的项目包括：在Trinidad 和Tobago识别乌龟种类，帮助生活在巴西雨林里的人们，或者就像Tessa一样综述Andes教英语。
4.He has performed with Paolo Nutini and gets all sorts of incredible sounds from the guitar, including using it as a percussion instrument.解析：此句为一个由连词and连接的复合句，主语he，谓语动词has performed with和gets，外加including引出的伴随状语。
翻译：他已经和Paolo Nutini合作演奏过，并且他还学会了各种各样令人难以置信的吉他声乐，其中包括将吉他作为一种打击乐器。
5.There are over two million works of art at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, from modern photography and sculpture to ancient Greek exhibits.解析：此句为简单的there be句型，from后边作为解释works of art 的范围。
翻译：大都市艺术博物馆里有超过2000，000的艺术作品，覆盖范围从当代照片和雕刻艺术品到古老的希腊展览品。
6.Over 40% of the US population are descended from the 17 million immigrants that passed through Ellis Island from 1892 until 1954.解析：此句为主谓宾结构的简单句+that引导的定语从句。
主句为前半句Over 40% of the US population are descended from the 17 millionimmigrants，that引导定语从句用来修饰先行词immigrants。
Descend from起源于...。
翻译：美国超过40%的人口是起源于1892-1954年穿越伊利斯岛屿的17000，000移民。
7.On our last day in New York, go to watch the New York Mets play baseball at the new City Stadium and then take a yellow cab to Times Square and eat a hot dog with mustard from a hot dog stall.解析：此句为三个并列的祈使句，On our last day in New York为时间状语，主语分别为go to watch，take a yellow cab to，eat a hot dog with。
翻译：我们在美国的最后一天包括：在城市体育场New York Mets 打棒球，之后打了个黄色计程车到Times Square，最后在热狗摊吃了个芥末热狗。
8.Making a portfolio also helps prepare you for other exams such as Cambridge PET and for using English in the workplace.解析：此句为动名词作主语结构的简单句。
谓语动词为helps prepare+双宾语（you和other exams，using English）。
翻译：制作一个文件夹有助于准备其他考试，例如剑桥PET，并且也会帮你在工作场合使用英语。
9.Describe what you like doing best in the city and what the weather islike.解析：此句为describe引出的祈使句+两个宾语从句，分别由两个what 引导。
翻译：描述一下你在这个城市最喜欢做的事情和天气是怎样的。
10.Make sure you write an introductory sentence or paragraph, and writea conclusion giving your personal opinion or summarising your ideas.解析：make sure引出的祈使句+2个去掉that的宾语从句，其中第二个宾语从句中含有2个动名词短语做conclusion的定语。
翻译：确保你写了介绍句或介绍段，并且写了一段给出个人观点或者总结想法的结论。
11.Say who the person is, give a physical description, describe their personality and say what is special about them.解析：此句为4个祈使句，分别以say，give，describe和say开头。
其中第四个祈使句含有一个what引导的宾语从句。
翻译：说出他们是谁，给出身体状况，描述他们的性格并且说出他们的特别之处是什么。
12.We ended up waiting there until about three o’clock for the car hire company mechanic.解析：end up以...结束，告终；car hire company mechanic租车公司维护员。
翻译：我们以在那里等租车公司维护员到3点钟告终。
13.Flight 1549 took off from La Guardia airport in the New York at 15.25 and got into trouble almost immediately when a flock of birds flew into its engines.解析：此句为并列句+when引导的时间状语从句。
翻译：1594航班在15.25的纽约La Guardia机场起飞，随即就在一群鸟飞进引擎的时候陷入困境。
14.You have to complete a topic sheet where you divide your talk into four different points.解析：此句为主句+where引导的定语从句，在这里where=on which，修饰先行词topic sheet。
翻译：你必须完成一个你把话题分为4个不同点的话题表。
15.It’s important to know what words go together and be fairly accurate if you want to communicate effectively and understand English.解析：此句为it做形式主语的句子，真正的主语为what words go together and be fairly accurate，后+if引导的条件句。
翻译：如果想要有效地沟通并且理解英语，知道哪些词可以组合和精确运用是非常重要的。
16.They will work even while we sleep—they will check our travel plans for the day, download films and music that we like and organise our diaries.解析：此句破折号之后全部为解释前一句的内容，由3个并列的祈使句组成，其中第二个祈使句中含有一个定语从句，用来修饰films and music。
翻译：他们即使很累也会工作—他们会检查当天旅行计划，下载我们喜欢的电影和音乐，组织我们的日记。
17.Interestingly, today’s teens cost 12 times what their parents cost when they were young, even allowing for inflation.解析：主句为today’s teens cost 12 times what their parents cost，其中包含一个what引导的宾语从句，做cost的宾语，when引导出时间状语从句。
翻译：有趣的是，如今的青少年会花费他们父母费用的12倍当父母年轻的时候，甚至允许经济通货膨胀。
18.Clean up the World is a global organisation that works with the United Nations Environment Programme.解析：此句含有一个由that引导的定语从句，用来修饰先行词global organization。