考研英语阅读真题经典长难句结构分析
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文d
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解附译文1. Indeed , the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber ( without an actual monkey to eat it ) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin .结构：•Indeed , the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber [主] ( without an actual monkey to eat it ) was [系] enough [表] to induce resentment in a female capuchin [状]单词：Induce vt.引起引诱劝说Deduce vt.推断Reduce vt.减少Resentment n.不满词组：Enough to 足以足够做直译：事实上，仅仅在其他房间出现了葡萄（并没有被猴子真正吃掉），就足够引起雌性卷尾猴的不满译文：的确，仅仅一颗葡萄出现在另一间小室（不管有没有猴子吃它）就足以引发雌性卷尾猴的怨气2. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys ,like humans , are guided by social emotions . In the wild , they are a co-operative , group-living species .结构：•The researchers [主] suggest [谓]•宾语从句：that capuchin monkeys [主]•插入语：,like humans ,•are guided [谓（被）] by social emotions [宾] .•In the wild , they [主] are [系] a co-operative , group-living species [表]解析：•That引导宾语从句，做suggest的宾语•宾语从句中有一个插入语，截断了主语和谓语直译：研究人员认为卷尾猴和人一样，被社交情绪引导。
考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文整套
考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文Among the most popular: paternity and kinship testing, which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and families can use to track down kids put up for adoption.词汇突破：kinship [ˈkɪnʃɪp]n. [法] 亲属关系，家属关系；亲密关系adoption [əˈdɒpʃn]n. 采用；收养；接受adopt [əˈdɒpt]v. 收养；采取，采纳，接受结构分析：句子主干是Among the most popular: paternity and kinship testing。
which 引导并列的定语从句，修饰paternity and kinship testing；在定语从句中，第一个分句的主句是adopted children canuse to...，第二个分句的主句是families can use to...；put up for adoption 是过去分词短语作定语，修饰kids。
参考译文：其中最流行的是父子关系和亲属关系测试，被收养的孩子可以用它来寻找他们的生物亲属，家庭可以用它来追踪被收养的孩子。
More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first became available without prescriptions last year, according to Doug Fogg, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits.词汇突破:prescription [prɪˈskrɪpʃn]n. 药方；指示；惯例adj. 凭处方方可购买的prescribe [prɪˈskraɪb]v. 给……开（药），让……采用（疗法）；开处方；规定，命令；制定规定；推荐，推举结构分析:句子主干结构是More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs。
考研英语阅读真题经典长难句结构分析
考研英语阅读真题经典长难句结构分析1、复合句When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.【结构分析】本句的主干是it is advisable to find out... for... it is possible that...，句首的When引导一个时间状语从句，句中的for... it is possible... (至句末)是一个并列分句，表示原因，其中for后面的however +形容词farfetched and unreasonable引导状语从句，表示让步。
在主干it is advisable to find out...中，it是形式主语，后面的不定式结构to find out what its advocates are aiming at是真正的主语。
【参考译文】当艺术上的一项新运动达到一定流行程度时，最好先弄清该运动倡导者的目的，因为，无论他们的创作原则在今天看来多么牵强、多么荒谬，在未来这些理论有可能会被视为正常的东西。
2、并列句While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your“wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.【结构分析】这也是一个并列句，包含两个分句。
考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析含译文整套
考研英语真题长难句解析结构分析含译文These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable—meant to last only a wash or two, although they don't advertise that—and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.词汇突破:disposable [dɪˈspəʊzəb(ə)l]adj. 可任意处理的；可自由使用的；用完即可丢弃的wardrobe [ˈwɔːdrəʊb]n. 衣柜；行头；全部戏装结构分析:句子的主干是These labels encourage style-conscious consumers。
to see... and... to renew... 是两个并列的宾语补足语，补充主干的宾语consumers，两个破折号中的meant to last only a wash or two 作插入语，解释disposal 的内容，although 引导一个让步状语从句。
参考译文:这些品牌鼓励有时尚意识的消费者将衣服视为一次性的——也就是说只需要洗一两次，尽管他们没有做广告——每隔几周就更新一次衣柜。
In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her.词汇突破:scold [skəʊld]vi. 责骂；叱责；骂n. 责骂；爱责骂的人结构分析:句子的主干是Miranda Priestly scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining。
考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文
考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared.词汇突破:ornament [ˈɔːnəmənt]n. 装饰；[建][服装] 装饰物；教堂用品vt. 装饰，修饰结构分析:本句的主干结构是We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews。
published in England 是newspaper reviews 的后置定语。
between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II 是主句的时间状语，at a time是between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II 的同位语，进行解释说明，后面紧跟一个when 引导的定语从句，其中还含有一个介词加which 的定语从句修饰修饰the publications。
参考译文:从20世纪初到第二次世界大战前夕，英国报纸上发表的评论更加散乱，那时新闻纸非常便宜，时尚的艺术评论被视为出版物的点缀。
It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.词汇突破:criticism [ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm]n. 批评；考证；苛求结构分析:本句是一个主从复合句，其主干结构是It is difficult to imagine a time。
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析
考研英语历年真题阅读长难句100句精析1、While warnings are often appropriate and necessary —the dangers of drug interactions,for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations,it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured、【译文】尽管警告常常就是适当而且必须得——比如对于药物相互作用得危险提出警告——许多警告还就是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出得，然而(我们) 并不清楚，如果顾客受到伤害时，这些警告就是不就是确实可以使得生产者与销售者豁免责任。
【分析】在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured就是主句。
主句用了一个形式主语it，真正得主语就是that引导得从句，而that从句之后就是一个if引导得条件从句。
从句由两个部分组成，中间用and连接。
破折号之间得部分就是举例说明warnings得内容。
注意：many are required by state or federal regulations中得many就是指many warnings。
2、Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport 、【译文】由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起得各种问题也会对社会造成新得压力。
2023考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文全套
考研英语真题典型长难句解析结构分析附译文He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.词汇突破:assert [əˈsɜːt]vt. 维护，坚持；断言；主张；声称purely [ˈpjʊəli]adv. 纯粹地；仅仅，只不过；完全地；贞淑地；清洁地pure [pjʊə(r)]adj. 纯净的；纯粹的；纯的；干净的；完全的；纯真的；清晰的abstract [ˈæbstrækt , æbˈstrækt]adj. 纯理论的；抽象的；抽象派的n. 摘要；抽象；抽象的概念；抽象派艺术作品v. 摘要；提取；抽象化；退出；转移；使心不在焉结构分析:句子的主干结构是：He asserted that 引导的宾语从句。
that 引导的宾语从句的结构是：his power (主语) + was (系动词) + limited (表语)，其中不定式to follow ... of thought 做定语修饰从句主语power。
for which reason 引导的非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子。
其中，又包含一个由that 引导的宾语从句。
参考译文:他还声称，他在理解一串冗长而纯粹抽象的思想方面的能力非常有限，因此他确信自己在数学方面永远不会取得成功。
He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.词汇突破:compensate [ˈkɒmpenseɪt]vi. 补偿，赔偿；抵消vt. 补偿，赔偿；付报酬intently [ɪnˈtentli]adv. 专心地；一心一意地；心无旁骛地intent [ɪnˈtent]adj. 专心的；坚决的n. 目的，意图结构分析:句子的主干结构是：He (主语) + believes (谓语)。
考研英语一真题阅读长难句分析
2019考研英语已落下帷幕，今年英语一考题的传统阅读部分在选项设计方面难度略增。
第一篇阅读选自2015年6月24日The Christian Science Monitor《基督教科学箴言报》的评论。
下面笔者就阅读第一篇长难句进行深度解析。
1。
首先，开篇第一段第一句运用了基本五大基本句型之一主谓宾结构，点名主题：Financial regulators in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks。
（英国的金融监管机构对大银行的管理层强加了一条非同寻常的规则。
）此句主语为Financial regulators，后置定语in Britain修饰前面的主语，谓语动词have imposed，宾语a rather unusual rule，后置定语on the bosses of big banks修饰前面的宾语，这里需要注意一个固定搭配impose A on B，把A强加于B。
2。
另外紧接着第一段第三句是关于and的并列句，同时也是该篇文章第21题的解题关键：The main purpose of this “clawback”rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institutions。
（这个规则的主要目的是让银行家为不良风险负责以及修复公众对金融机构的信任。
）此句的主语为The main purpose of this “clawback”rule，谓语动词为is，两者相结合与21题的题干one motive in imposing the new rule is to （强调这一新规则的目的是）则是同义替换，后面and的并列结构to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking 与to restore public trust in financial institutions则是正确选项A。
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考研英语阅读真题经典长难句结构分析1、复合句When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.【结构分析】本句的主干是it is advisable to find out... for... it is possible that...，句首的When 引导一个时间状语从句，句中的for... it is possible... (至句末)是一个并列分句，表示原因，其中for后面的however +形容词farfetched and unreasonable引导状语从句，表示让步。
在主干it is advisable to find out...中，it是形式主语，后面的不定式结构to find out what its advocates are aiming at是真正的主语。
【参考译文】当艺术上的一项新运动达到一定流行程度时，最好先弄清该运动倡导者的目的，因为，无论他们的创作原则在今天看来多么牵强、多么荒谬，在未来这些理论有可能会被视为正常的东西。
2、并列句While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.【结构分析】这也是一个并列句，包含两个分句。
第一个分句的主干是your could-be employer is deciding whether...，其中whether引导一个宾语从句whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you;第二个分句的主干是your “wares” and abilities must be displayed...。
注意：pay sb. to do sth.此处的意思是“做…对…有利”;“wares”的本义是“商品、货物”，但在本文中，作者认为找工作就是推销自己，所以结合本文的背景，wares的意思是“(求职者的)资历或能力”。
【参考译文】与你谈话时，可能成为你未来老板的人会考虑你所受的教育、你的经历和你的其他资历是否在雇佣你以后会给他带来好处。
你的“资历”和能力必须有条不紊、合理连贯地展示出来。
3、定语从句The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.【结构分析】本句是一个并列句，以and连接;第一个分句的主干是The change met the technical requirements...，后面的介词结构by engaging a large professional element作状语，说明met the technical requirements of the new age的方式;第二个分句的主干是(the change) prevented the decline in efficiency，后面的that引导的定语从句修饰decline in efficiency。
注意：engage此处的意思是“雇，聘”。
【参考译文】通过雇用大量的职业人才，这一变化满足了新时代的技术要求，防止了效率下降——在过去，这种效率下降经常使家族公司在充满活力的创业者之后的第二代或第三代毁掉全部财产。
4、名词性从句Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request.【结构分析】本句的主干是Online culture thinks highly of the notion that...，其中notion后面的that 引导一个同位语从句，说明notion的具体内容;同位语从句的主干是the information..es there...，其中flowing onto the screen作定语，修饰the information，句末的by specific request作状语，修饰come there。
【参考译文】网络文化非常推崇这样一种理念：出现在用户屏幕上的信息应该是根据用户特定要求发送过来的。
5、状语从句Consumers seem only concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt tightening.【结构分析】本句是以and连接的并列句，其中第二个分句的主干是many say...，say后面的部分是宾语从句，其中还包含一个as引导的让步状语从句。
【参考译文】消费者们看上去只是有点担心，而没有恐慌，很多消费者说尽管他们正在把开支紧缩一点，但是他们对经济的长期前景仍然保持乐观。
6、特殊结构（1）强调句Perhaps it is humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the ideal of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.【结构分析】这是一个强调句，基本结构是it is...suffering...that makes...so fascinating，被强调部分是humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought，其中的中心词是suffering，有两个修饰成分：humankind’s long和at the mercy of flood and drought(受旱涝摆布)都做suffering 的定语。
suffering这个词除了是被强调的部分外，还是后面that引导的从句的主语;在that引导的从句中，ideal做宾语，带有of引导的动名词短语forcing the waters to do our bidding(让河水听我们吩咐)这个定语;so fascinating做ideal的宾语补语，说明ideal的特点。
【参考译文】也许正是因为人类长期以来遭受旱涝摆布的痛苦，才使他们制服洪水的理想显得如此令人着迷。
（2）倒装结构Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West.【结构分析】否定副词nowhere放在句首，所以句子出现部分倒装。
注意：more与否定词nowhere一起使用，相当于最高级。
dramatize此处的意思是“突出显示，使…戏剧化”。
【参考译文】1980年美国的人口普查数据表明，没有哪个地方比美国最西部更能突出显示美国人想寻找更广阔的生存空间。
（3）比较结构Mr. McWhorter’s academic specialty is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.【结构分析】本句是一个并列句，包含两个以and连接的分句，其中第二个分句比较复杂：宾语是the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example，接着是to be natural and no more regrettable，这一部分作上述宾语的补足语，最后是比较结构no more... than... (像…一样不…)。
【参考译文】麦克沃特先生的学术专长是语言史和语言变化。
举例来说，他认为“whom”一词的逐渐消失是很自然的，像古英中词格结尾的消失一样不令人惋惜。
（4）分隔结构With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be—even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right—it can hardly be classed as Literature.【结构分析】本句的主干是the case is rather difficult, for... it can hardly be classed as Literature，前面的however表示本句与前一句形成对比，句首的介词结构With regard to Futurist poetry作状语，其中with regard to的意思是“关于…”; for... it can hardly be classed as Literature是一个并列分句，表示原因，主干是it can hardly be classed as Literature; for后面的从句whatever Futurist poetry may be表示让步，作状语;破折号之间的部分even admitting that...也是让步状语，其中that引导一个宾语从句that the theory... may be right，而从句的主语theory后又带有定语从句on which it is based。