【100所名校】2018届重庆八中高三适应性月考(五)语文试题(解析版)
重庆市第八中学校2023届高三下学期高考适应性月考(八)语文试卷(含答案)
重庆市第八中学校2023届高三下学期高考适应性月考（八）语文试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、现代文阅读阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
材料一：“创造性叛逆”是对文学翻译特征的一个很恰切概括。
文学翻译有两个层面。
一是语言转换层面。
在这一层面，强调语言转换的等值，追求译作对原作在各方面的忠实，再现原作的精神风貌、文学意蕴和语言特色。
二是文学再创造的层面。
这一层面指译者将原作者所创造的意象、意境、艺术风格等等，通过译者的解读、体会再度传达出来，是在原作规定的有限范围内的再度创作。
虽然译者在主观上努力追求全面再现原作，但实际上不可能完全做到。
这有两个方面的原因。
第一，译者的文化心理、文化价值取向、个人的审美心理、文学气质、认知能力和语言表达水平，都会影响对译作的“全面忠实”再现。
特别是，如果译者出于政治、意识形态、审美或道德等方面的原因，有意误译原作，这样，翻译的叛逆和再创造的特征就会更明显。
第二，也是更重要的一点，文学翻译不是在真空中进行的，而总是处于一定的文化语境之中。
译语文化中的政治、意识形态、文学观念、经济等因素，不仅影响译者的翻译选择、过程和策略，也影响译作的文学意义及其接受。
（摘编自查明建《译介学：渊源、性质、内容与方法—兼评比较文学论著、教材中有关“译介学”的论述》）材料二：在文学翻译中，译者的创造性叛逆有多种表现，但概括起来不外乎两种类型：有意识型和无意识型。
具体的表现有以下四种：个性化翻译。
译者，尤其是优秀的译者，在从事文学翻译时大多都有自己信奉的翻译原则，并且还有其独特的追求目标。
譬如同样是拜伦的诗，马君武用七言古诗体译，苏曼殊用五言古诗体，而胡适则用离骚体。
不同的诗体不仅赋予拜伦的诗以不同的中文面貌，更重要的是，它们还塑造了彼此不同的诗人拜伦的形象。
误译与漏译。
绝大多数的误译与漏译属于无意识型创造性叛逆。
2023年重庆-中高2023届5月月考语文试题卷含答案解析
2023年重庆-中高2023届5月月考语文试题卷一、实用类文本阅读(共20 分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
古生物学是一门古老的学科，已经有两百多年的历史。
历史上如始祖鸟、北京猿人等关键化石的发现都填补了生命演化历史的空白。
如今，新的观测分析手段，给古生物学这样的传统学科注入了新的活力，从原有的以及新发现的化石中挖掘出的大量前所未知的全新信息，让我们逐渐看清远古时代。
传统上，古生物学家通过肉眼、放大镜、光学显微镜、电子显微镜来观察和研究生物化石外表的宏观和微观结构。
但是，生物化石的很大一部分信息量包含在其内部，需要古生物学家通过其他技术手段来揭示。
早在20世纪中叶，就有古生物学家尝试用X光“透视”化石，但简单地使用X光照射，只能取得照射方向上的一点模糊的内部结构信息，要重建各个方向上的全部三维结构信息，就必须使用断层扫描技术，这有点像无损的磨片或切片。
断层扫描（CT）最初在医学和制造业中发展起来，20世纪90年代开始，古生物学家尝试将此技术应用到化石研究中。
由于化石比生物体致密得多，且不同化石的物质成分千差万别，直接套用医用CT机器往往很难达到理想的扫描效果，研发古生物研究专用CT就成为迫切需求。
在这方面，我国走在了国际前列——2008年，古脊椎所与高能物理研究所和自动化所合作研制了全球首套专门应用于古生物化石研究的高精度CT，包括225kV显微工业CT和450kV通用性工业CT，并于2011年投入使用。
这使得古生物学家能够方便、快速、高质量地对不同大小的脊椎动物（含人类）化石及现生生物的内部精细形态和显微结构进行无损检测和重建。
应用这套设备，古生物学家迅速取得了一批重要成果，如古脊椎所朱敏团队对早期有领鱼类内部结构的重建，补充了“从鱼到人”演化史上的关键环节；刘武团队对中国重要人类化石基于CT的研究，定量重建了远古人类的颅内模、内耳骨迷路等精细内部结构。
古代生物死亡后，不同的有机物组分保留的时间长短不一，提供的生物的信息不同，而承载生物体内遗传信息的脱氧核糖核酸（DNA），成为重建古生物演化历史的重要工具。
重庆市巴蜀中学2024 届高考适应性月考卷 (五)语文
巴蜀中学2024 届高考适应性月考卷 (五)语文注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
满分150分，考试用时 150分钟。
一、现代文阅读(35分)(一) 现代文阅读Ⅰ (本题共5小题, 19分)阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。
①你的身体怎么知道什么时候该睡觉?有两大主要因素发挥了决定性的作用。
②第一个因素，是你大脑深处的24小时生物钟发射出的信号。
生物钟会制造出循环的昼夜节律，让你在夜晚和白天的常规时段感到疲倦或清醒。
但它也控制着其他的节奏模式，包括你偏好的饮食时间、你的心情和情绪、核心体温、代谢率，以及多种激素的释放。
很显然，在比赛中打破奥运会纪录的可能性与一天中的时间段有关，这并非巧合。
破纪录的可能性会在人类昼夜节律的自然高峰(下午的早些时候) 达到最大极限。
即使是出生和死亡的时间也证实了昼夜节律的存在，因为维持生命的关键代谢、心血管、体温和激素水平等波动过程，都是由昼夜节律这个生物起搏器所控制的。
③1938年，芝加哥大学的纳塞尼尔·克莱德曼教授与他的研究助理布鲁斯·理查森共同进行了一项较为极端的科学研究。
他们去到肯塔基州的猛犸洞里，这是地球上极深的洞穴之一——事实上，由于过于深邃，它的最深处完全无法探测到阳光渗透。
他们一共在黑暗中度过了32天。
除了积攒了浓密的面部须发外，他们在这个过程中也有了两大突破性的发现。
第一个发现是，人类会在阻绝外界阳光的情况下，形成自己的“内源性”昼夜节律，也就是体内自我生成的节奏。
克莱德曼和理查森都没有随机地醒来和入睡，而是表现出了一种可预测的、重复性的模式，即有较长时间的清醒状态(约 15 个小时)，并伴随有大约9个小时的睡眠。
重庆市第八中学校2023-2024学年高三上学期高考适应性月考(二)地理试题
重庆市第八中学2024届高考适应性月考卷(二)地理注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
满分150分，考试用时75分钟。
一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
花卉产业受自然条件、市场需求、保鲜技术、鲜花“版权”(鲜花品种专利权)等多种因素共同影响。
云南的斗南镇位于25°N, 海拔高度为1800米，全年日平均气温多在12℃~22℃之间，种植的鲜花饱满娇艳，花瓣肥厚，仅历经40年的发展，这个无人问津的小镇已成为亚洲第一花卉市场据此完成1~3题。
1.与世界第一花卉市场阿斯米尔(荷兰)相比，斗南镇花卉产业发展的不利因素是A. 劳动力不足B. 生产成本高C. 优良品种少D. 生长周期长2.斗南镇种植的鲜花饱满娇艳，花瓣肥厚的原因是A. 热量充足B. 昼夜温差大C. 土壤肥沃D. 降水丰沛3.在中国传统文化中，牡丹、荷花、梅花、桃花等深受人们喜爱，但在花店中并不是主流花卉，是因为这些花A. 种植范围小B. 折损率更高C. 采摘成本高D. 时令性较强随着大高加索山脉的隆起，里海从地中海分离，分离后的里海演化为咸水湖，但目前湖水盐度远小于地中海的盐度。
图1为“里海所在区域的自然地理环境示意图”,图2为“水循环示意图”。
据此完成4~5题。
4. 大高加索山脉隆起后，图1所示区域自然环境的演变为A. 地中海汇水而积增大B. 黑海东南年温差变小C. 里海流域年降水增多D. 伏尔加河含沙量增大5. 对应图2,导致里海盐度较小的电要环节序号是A.⑤⑥B.③④C.①⑤D.②⑦“一水穿秦岭，天河润关中”2023年7月16日，拥有陕西省“南水北调”工程美誉的“引汉济渭”工程顺利实现通水。
重庆市第八中学校2024届高三下学期高考适应性月考(五)英语试卷(含答案)
重庆市第八中学校2024届高三下学期高考适应性月考（五）英语试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解DAY TRIP ITINERARY (行程)After a warm reception from your tour manager at your dedicated pick-up point in London, settle in your comfortable coach as we set off on our journey towards Stonehenge. The world's most famous prehistoric monument has inspired people to study and interpret it for centuries, yet many questions remain to be answered-about who built it, when, and why.After visiting Stonehenge, we drive to Windsor Castle, which is home to royalty and 1,000 years of royal history. The stunning 13-acre site is the largest and oldest occupied, working castle in the world. There are many famous, must-see moments within these spectacular rooms in the castle, like the grand Waterloo Chamber and the magnificent Crimson Drawing Room.In the early evening, we make our way towards London and proceed towards your respective drop off points and bid farewell to all friends you have made on the tour. ESSENTIALS TO CARRY WITH YOUWe recommend you wear comfortable clothing and carry essentials such as a jacket or jumper, dry snacks, water, tissues, chargers, power bank, ete., in your handbag as access to the luggage hold is only possible until a comfort stop or arrival at your destination. Hot foods are not allowed to be carried or consumed inside the coach.PICK-UP POINTSand travelling.1．How many tourist spots will the participants visit?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.2．It is advised to put your essentials in the handbag because _______.A.the luggage hold is inaccessible when the bus is in motionB.they are not allowed to be carried inside the coachC.it's convenient for you to enjoy hot foodsD.drivers are likely to access them3．Where is the text most probably taken from?A.A journal.B.A webpage.C.A travel brochure.D.A magazine.It all started with a simple question："Can I paint your portrait? "One day in the summer of 2015, Peterson was relaxing in his living room, reading the book Love Does, about the power of love in action, when his quiet was disturbed by a homeless man outside his apartment. Inspired by the book's compassionate message, Peterson made a decision：He was going to go outside and introduce himself.In that first conversation, Peterson learned that the man's name was Matt Faris. He'd moved to Southern California from Kentucky to pursue a career in music, but he soon fell on hard times and ended up living on the street for more than a decade. "I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn't shaved in probably a year, because his story, the life inside of him, inspired me," Peterson recalled. Therefore, Peterson asked if he could paint Faris's portrait. Faris agreed.Peterson's connection with Faris led him to form Faces of Santa Ana, a nonprofit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of members of the community who are unhoused. Peterson sells the paintings for money, splitting the proceeds and putting half into a "love account" for his model. He then helps people use the money to get back on their feet.Many of Peterson's new friends use the donations to secure immediate necessities medical care, hotel rooms, food. Faris used the funds from his portrait to record an album, fulfilling his musical dreams. Another subject, Kimberly Sondoval, had never been able to financially support her daughter. She asked, "Can I use the money to pay my daughter's rent? " When the check was delivered, "They both wept in my arms, "Peterson recalls.Peterson has painted 41 of these portraits himself. But there's more to the finished products than the money they bring to someone who's down and out. He's discovered that the buyers tend to connect to the story of the person in the painting, finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have otherwise overlooked or stereotyped."People often tell me, 'I was the one that would cross the street, but I see homeless people differently now, ' " Peterson says. "I didn't know that would happen."4．What made Peterson start a conversation?A.The curiosity about strangers.B.The touching story of Matt Faris.C.The disturbance by a homeless man.D.The sympathetic message in Love Does.5．What do we know about Faces of Santa Ana?A.It pays the homeless salaries.B.It is an official nonprofit organization.C.It tries to restore the lives of Peterson's models.D.It spends all the money on helping the unhoused.6．After buying a portrait, a buyer might view the homeless as ______?zy and poorB.odd but inspiringC.disturbing and untidyD.pitiful but respectable7．Which of the following is the best title of this text?A.Art with Purpose: Love Account MattersB.Hope in Paintings: Help Knows No RaceC.Faces of Compassion: Painting a New PerspectiveD.Encounter with Strangers: Embracing New FriendsFilm Puts Justifiable Defense in SpotlightThe film, Article 20, directed by Zhang Yimou, draws its name from Article 20 of the Criminal Law, which focuses on the sometimes controversial legal concept of justifiable defense. Drawing inspiration from real-life cases of justifiable defense, the film gained widespread attention and struck a chord with the public during the Spring Festival holiday. The movie calls for a detailed interpretation of legal terms and urges against compromising on unlawful conduct.According to the Criminal Law, when a person, faced with an unlawful attack, takes action to protect his or her own rights or interests or those of others, and the attacker is thereby harmed, the defender will be considered to have acted in justifiable defense and will not bear criminal responsibility. For some time, justifiable defense has been regarded as a "dormant clause" (沉寂条款) , due to the influence of misconceptions, such as "whoever is injured or killed is right".But the true meaning of the law should be to increase the responsibility for wrongdoers, rather than burdening good people. Recent cases have shown that, for ordinary citizens, justifiable defense is no longer a pipe dream. A high-profile case in Kunshan, Jiangsu province, in 2018 served as a wake-up call and caught the attention of authorities regarding such cases. In that case, a traffic argument led to a motorist who took a knife with him confronting another man.The motorist was killed, and police and judges determined that the defender's actions constituted justifiable defense. Since then, the justifiable defense clause has been applied in several places across the nation. The concern over justifiable defense reflects the public's demand for fairness, justice, security and rule of law.Luo Xiang, a renowned professor of criminal law at China University of Political Science and Law, said in a recent comment about the film Article20 that the public and judges should avoid taking a "godlike" perspective. Instead, they should consider the situation in which the defender was involved, empathize with the defender's position, and stop themselves from making excessive demands on the defender, Luo said.8．Why did the film Article 20 attract the audience's attention?A.It was released during the Spring Festival holiday.B.It is named after one article in the Criminal Law.C.It explores real-life cases of justifiable defense.D.It was directed by Zhang Yimou.9．According to the Criminal Law, the victim will be free from criminal responsibility when ______.A.the victim gave up his legal rightsB.the robber kept silent about the robberyC.the robber was hurt worse than the victimD.the victim knifed the armed robber to stop the ongoing crime10．What is the function of the case in Kunshan in Paragraph 3?A.Making comparisons.B.Listing reasons.C.Explaining misconceptions.D.Providing evidence.11．What does Luo Xiang suggest judges do?A.Take a “godlike” viewpoint with the public.B.Put oneself in the defender's shoes.C.Demand more from the defender.D.Side with the attacker.Researchers have discovered the oldest black hole ever observed, dating from the dawn of the universe, and found that it is "eating" its host galaxy to death.The international team, led by the University of Cambridge, used the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to detect the black hole, which dates from 400 million years after the big bang. The results, which lead author Professor Roberto Maiolino says are "a giant leap forward", are reported in the journal Nature.This surprisingly massive black hole even exists so early in the universe challenges our assumptions about how black holes form and grow. The size of this newly-discovered black hole suggests that they might form in other ways: they might be 'born big' or they can eat matter at a rate that's five times higher than had been thought possible. Like all black holes,According to standard models, supermassive black holes form from the remains of dead stars, which collapse and may form a black hole about a hundred times the mass of the Sun. If it grew in an expected way, this newly-detected black hole would take about a billion years to grow to its observed size. However, the universe was not yet a billion years old when this black hole was detected.The young host galaxy, called GN-z11, is a compact galaxy, about one hundred times smaller than the Milky Way, but the black hole is likely harming its development. When black holes consume too much gas, it pushes the gas away like an ultra-fast wind. This "wind" could stop the process of star formation, slowly killing the galaxy, but it will also kill the black hole itself, as it would cut off the black hole's source of "food".Maiolino says that the gigantic leap forward provided by JWST makes this the most exciting time in his career. "It's a new era: the giant leap is like upgrading from Galileo's telescope to a modern telescope overnight," he said. "The universe has been quite generous in what it's showing us, and this is just the beginning."12．What does the underlined word "devours" mean in Paragraph 3?A.Changes.B.Swallows.C.Observes.D.Forms.13．According to Paragraph 5, why is GN-z11 likely to be harmed?A.Because the host galaxy is too small.B.Because the black hole is killing itself.C.Because the “wind” ceases star formation.D.Because black holes produce too much gas.14．What is Maiolino's attitude to the new discovery about the black hole?A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Ambiguous.15．What can we learn from this passage?A.The black hole took a billion years to achieve its size.B.Supermassive black holes are assumed to form overnight.C.The new discovery of the host galaxy is a giant leap forward.D.The host galaxy and the black hole can be destroyed by the "wind".二、七选五16．The Failed New Year's Resolution: Three Tips to Get on Track January is officially over, and many people are taking stock of their progress towards New Year's resolutions. The fact is that you probably haven't kept up with them as much as you hoped. But that's not your fault. ①______.If you feel like you have already failed, here are three tips before you let go.Practice self-compassionMany people talk to themselves in harsh ways when struggling with new habits, believing self-criticism will help them reach their goals. Research shows, however, that the opposite is true. Self-compassion is more effective for personal improvement, especially when facing failure. ②______, try to be kind and gentle with yourself, just as you would with a loved one.③______Resolutions are often phrased as definitive goals. I will exercise daily. I will kick desserts. ④______. But setting all-or-nothing goals can lead to all-or-nothing decisions that one gives up when faced with challenges. In contrast, intentions focus more on your values than specific actions. For example, the resolution "I will exercise daily" may become an intention of "I want to move my body because it feels good." This approach allows for more flexibility when unexpected stress arises.Solve problems by overcoming barriersIf you are struggling to maintain your desired habits, there are evidence-based techniques available to help you. ⑤______. This involves identifying the specific barriers that lead to your quitting something that you want to do. Perhaps you keep forgetting the new habit, or perhaps you don't understand how to do it. Whatever it is, identify the barrier and cope with it specifically.A. Set all-or-nothing goalsB. Change your resolutions into intentionsC. One such skill is called missing links analysisD. Setting specific behavioral goals can be effectiveE. If you're persuaded to give up on your resolutionsF. Old habits tend to die hard, and new habits tend to die easyG. When you are upset about yourself for not keeping resolutions三、完形填空（15空）My son asked me months ago if he could switch from his mainstream high school to aanother learning environment to complete his study. But my heart hurt a little that he wouldThen, we decided the vocational school (职业学校) was an option with the same generalcarry over, and he could graduate early.17．pulsory B.technical C.unprofessional D.academic18．A.heartbroken B.nervous C.angry D.confused19．A.apply B.adapt C.transfer D.talk20．A.ceremony B.moment C.dilemma D.stage21．A.curriculum B.wellbeing C.friendship D.decision22．A.bald B.generous C.straightforward D.shy23．A.anxiety B.conduct C.responsibility D.awareness24．A.studied B.canceled C.required D.banned25．A.credits B.subjects C.medals D.reputations26．A.graduate B.worsen C.thrive D.suffer27．A.formed B.understood C.abandoned D.remembered28．A.got away B.made up C.lined up D.got along29．A.crying B.murmuring plaining D.smiling30．A.oversell B.learn C.share D.predict31．A.affordable B.suitable C.available D.sensible四、短文填空32．While there is growing consumer ①______ (realize) of the environmental impact of fast fashion, can the same be said about fast furniture? The chairs and tables that fill many of our homes and everyday spaces are manufactured on a mass scale, and the cheaper items often end up ②______ landfills.According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) , in 2020 over 12 million tons of furniture ③______ (throw) out in America and some into the forest illegally. Buying furniture can be ④______ (incredible) expensive. Many of us switch over to cheaper, instant brands like IKEA, ⑤______ manufacturers use materials harder to recycle, which is likely to damage the environment.With growing calls for sustainability, many brands are announcing to change though it remains ⑥______ (see) whether they will keep these promises. In ⑦______ (it) current sustainability strategy, IKEA commits itself to using only recyclable materials in all its products in an effort to practice "circular" design and cut emissions to net-zero. The concept of circular design ⑧______ (win) increasing concern up to now. In ⑨______ circular system, furniture products would be designed to last longer and be fully recyclable, thus forming a ⑩______ (close) loop (环) .五、书面表达33．假定你是高三学生李华。
重庆市第八中学校2024-2025学年高三上学期入学适应性考试语文试题及答案
语文试重庆八中2024——2025学年度（上）高三年级入学适应性训练题注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
满分150分，考试用时150分钟。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～5题。
在中国科学史上，数学历来是人们关注的重点之一。
这是由于，在中国古代，数学和天文学，医学等学科一样，取得过辉煌的成就，为世界文明的发展做出了应有的贡献。
数学在古代社会具有很重要的地位。
人们以仰视的角度看待数学家的活动，甚至以神话的方式渲染数学家的技艺，赞颂数学家的成就。
中国古代数学的发展，应该起步于对数的认识和记数方法的形成。
在古代中国，数字的产生究竟始于何时，现在无从考证。
可以肯定的是，在传说中的“结绳记事”年代，古人已经有了数的概念，其对应的时期应该在文明产生之前。
现在的问题是我们无法找到明确的考古依据，以此确定其具体年代。
在目前已知的古代遗存当中，半坡遗址一些器物上的刻画符号，很可能与数字有关，但那也只是今天人们的一种猜测。
现在我们可以肯定的是，在殷墟出土的商代甲骨文中，已经出现了数字的具体记录，包括从一到十以及百、千、万，最大的数字是三万。
从这些数字中，可以看出古人的记数法——十进位值制。
十进位值制这种记数法的发明，是古代中国人对世界文明发展的一大贡献。
与发明十进位值制记数方法相应的是，古代中国人还发明了一种十分重要的计算方法——筹算。
筹算完成于春秋战国时期，是以算筹作工具的一种数学计算方法。
根据《汉书·律历志》的记载，算筹是一种长六寸、直径一分的小圆竹棍。
古人在用算筹表示1-9九个数字时，有纵横两种摆法，为减少算筹使用，其中6-9这四个数字则以上方摆一个纵横相反的算筹代替五个算筹。
重庆市第八中学2023-2024学年高三上学期高考适应性月考卷(三)英语试题
重庆市第八中学2023-2024学年高三上学期高考适应性月考卷（三）英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解One-to-one English tutoring personalised to youEnglish Score Tutors is the British Council's one-to-one tutoring platform for 13-to 17-year-olds.●Build your confidence with fun sessions where you can learn at your own pace.●Find the perfect . tutor for you ——choose from our list of qualified tutors.●Study when you want, with sessions available 24/7.●Improve with personalised sessions designed around you and your goals.Learn at your own paceWe. understand everyone has their own ways of learning. Sessions on English Score Tutors are personalised to your level, needs and goals. Together with your chosen tutor, you will create a learning plan that focuses on the areas important to you.Our tutors will get the best from you because each session is tailored to you as an individual. Your sessions will be enjoyable and give you plenty of time to practise speaking.Flexible learningChoose sessions at times that suit you. Fit them in around school, weekend activities and holidays, so that you can learn when you want to. You will get access to a personalised dashboard to keep track of your progress any time.$1 introduction sessionWe offer a 30-minute introduction session where you can choose a tutor and get a feel for how sessions will work. After this introductory session, you can decide if you would like to purchase a pack of lessons to continue learning. Try your first session for just $1.●Choose a tutor that you would like to study with.●Understand your current language level and areas where you can improve.●Get a personalised learning plan.1．Who might attend English Score Tutors classes?A．A preschool child.B．A university student.C．A middle-school student.D．A working woman.2．What can you do to understand how the sessions work?A．Call the information centre.B．Write a letter of inquiry.C．Send an email to ask.D．Buy an introduction session.3．Which column of a website is this text probably taken from?A．Take an Exam.B．UK-China Youth Exchange Program.C．Learn English Online.D．Our Work in Arts.Between flights, as I sat in the Denver airport, a young man approached me. He tilted (倾斜) his head toward the chair next to mine, then toward my suitcase blocking the chair. There were many open seats. Why this one? I thought. When he sat, I noticed the markings on his bag and his faded uniform. I asked. He nodded. I bowed my head slightly. Then he asked where I was headed.“Home.”Hands on his knees, he told me he was on vacation and was going home to surprise his mother. I asked how long it had been since he’d seen her (five years). I asked what he was looking forward to at home(a shower). He scanned the room cautiously as he talked. When he looked at me, his eyes kept no distance. He seemed to want something from me. I could not tell what it was.He said it was hard to stop scanning for danger. Yesterday, he’d been in the desert. Fellow soldiers had been blown into pieces around him. Today, he was in an airport trying to understand anger over flight delays and the rush for coffee. He didn’t know how to be, here in this place.I thought maybe I understood. One evening after spending hours with a friend who just lost her son, I went to my daughter’s performance. In the crowded lobby, mothers complained about their seats and bemoaned other small slights, but only compassion made sense to me. I felt disoriented, distant. I told the soldier about this. He breathed deeply and showed a small smile.He’d seen the raw and unbearable. But he did not know how to tell us. This was what he needed from me, I realized. He did not want the seat beside mine. He wanted to sit with me.I did not know his name, how his surprise would turn out, how long his tour of dutywould last. We sat together until our flights were called and then said goodbye, two strangers heading home.4．How did the author feel when the soldier approached him?A．Angry. B．Confused.C．Respectful.D．Joyful.5．Why did the man keep scanning the room?A．He attempted to find a coffee shop.B．He formed the habit of staying alert.C．He was distractedD．He was checking6．What does the word “bemoaned” mean in paragraph 5?A．Showed respect for.B．Added fuel to.C．Expressed dissatisfaction with.D．Took pride in.7．What did the soldier really want?A．My support for the soldiers.B．My knowledge of the cruelty of war.C．A chance to get away from the battlefield.D．A brief sense of securitySince 2001, robotic tools have revolutionized the practice of surgery. They have greatly reduced the stress and physical demands normally placed on surgeons and have made certain procedures possible.One example is “keyhole surgery”, or minimally invasive (微创) surgery, which normally requires surgeons to stand at awkward angles and make difficult movements with their hands to make a cut inside the patient. But in June 2022, surgeon James Ansell used 3D glasses and two sticks to control four robotic arms to perform a procedure to remove a cancerous tumor. “My colleague said... that this feels like cheating,” Ansell said to The Guardian.Another area of surgery that has had major technological breakthroughs in recent years is telesurgery. Normally, telesurgery relies on a wired connection due to concerns of harming the patient should a wireless connection drop during surgery, but China made several advancements in wireless telesurgery based on 5G technology.China achieved the first 5G-based remote operation in March 2019 involving a brain surgery procedure between a surgeon in Sanya and a patient in Beijing, a distance totaling nearly 3,000 kilometers. More recently, a team of surgeons successfully completed remote micron-level eye surgery on rabbits located in a different city. The rabbits were at the Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhbù, Guangdon g province, whereas the surgical team who operated on them via a 5G robot were at the Hainan Eye Hospital in Haikou, Hainan province.Looking to the future, people hope that remote surgery could become commonplace to help heal injured soldiers on the battlefield while keeping surgeons at a safe distance. Some even believe that robotic systems, combined with AI, could one day exceed human surgeons.But, given current technological limitations and the high costs of these robots which can cost millions of dollars, the complete robot takeover of surgery may still be a while off. 8．What does the “keyhole surgery” example intend to show?A．Great complexity of robotic surgery.B．Physical challenges surgeons face.C．Surgical progress enabled by robotic tools.D．Urgent need for advanced 3D technology.9．What significant achievement did China make in the field of telesurgery?A．Achieving remote surgery using a wired connection.B．Completing successfully remote eye surgery on humans.C．Conducting a 5G-based remote operation on rabbits overseas.D．Performing the first wireless brain surgery with 5G technology.10．What can be inferred from the text about robots in the medical field?A．They are quite affordable.B．They are currently in high demand.C．They have not been widely used.D．They have gone beyond human capabilities.11．What is a suitable title for the text?A．Robotic Surgery Uses 5G TechnologyB．Keyhole Surgery Benefits Human BeingsC．Autonomous Robot Achieves Great ProgressD．Medical Robotics Revolutionizes Surgery Method2500 years ago, Socrates (苏格拉底) complained that writing would harm students.Today a different heated debate is ongoing about the dangers of another technology —computers — and the typing people do on them. As primary-school pupils and PhD hopefuls return for a new school year in the northern hemisphere, many will do so with a greater-than-ever reliance on computers to take notes and write papers. Some parents of younger students are frustrated that their children are not just encouraged but required to carry laptops to class. Lot s of teachers complain of uncontrolled distraction in classrooms, with students reading and messaging instead of listening to lectures.A line of research shows the benefits of an “innovation” prior to computers: hand-writing. Studies have found that writing on paper can improve everything from recalling a random series of words to facilitating a better conceptual grasp of complicated ideas. For learning material by rote, from the shapes of letters to the quirks of English spelling, the benefits of using a pen or pencil lie in how the motor and sensory memory of putting words on paper reinforces that material. The arrangement of squiggles (不规则的曲线) on a page feeds into visual memory: people might remember a word they wrote down in French class as being at the bottom-left on a page, for example.Another one of the best-demonstrated advantages of writing by hand seems to be in superior note-taking. In a study from 2014 by Pam Mueller and Danny Oppenheimer, students typing wrote down almost twice as many words and more passages word for word from lectures, suggesting they were not understanding so much as rapidly copying the material. Hand-writing, which takes longer for nearly all university-level students, forces note-takers to synthesize ideas into their own words. This aids conceptual understanding at the moment of writing. Besides, those taking notes by hand also perform better on tests when students are later able to study from their notes.Socrates may or may not have had a point about the downsides of writing. But no one would remember, or much less care, if his student Plato had not noted his teachings down for the benefit of later generations.12．Why do teachers complain?A．Because students carry laptops to class.B．Because students cause distraction in class.C．Because students are not focused in class.D．Because students are suffering from sight loss.13．How does hand-writing benefit students?A．It makes students understand concepts better.B．It helps students develop better imagination.C．It improves students’ writing ability.D．It saves students’ note-taking time.14．What is the author’s attitude to hand-writing?A．Supportive.B．Disapproving.C．Neutral.D．Indifferent. 15．What is the main idea of the passage?A．In an age of typing handwriting still mattersB．Handwriting helps studentsC．Handwriting has big advantages over typingD．Making the handwriting二、七选五How to Remember the FutureOne of the trickiest recall tasks is called prospective memory: remembering what you want or need to do, in time to do it. 16 A thought occurs, we resolve to act on it “soon” and then, when the time comes, the idea’s gone.Diaries and alarms help, but your imagination plays a vital role in holding onto brief thoughts and keeping you in control of your future plans. For example, don’t just have an idea about going to the bank. 17 Perhaps you’re leaving the bank loaded with shiny gold bars.But that’s only the beginning. This process allows you to do much more than just reminding yourself to do things. 18 Then, create a vivid “memory” of how you’d like it to go, and crucially, how you’d like to feel. Creating “memories” like this gives you time to think about practical arrangements and spot any problems before they arise. A part of your brain will still be processing the details even when you’re thinking about other things.Here are some tips:●Experiment to see if you prefer viewing this “mental movie” through your own eyes, or by watching yourself from someone else’s point of view.● 19 Fast forward any parts you find easy, and go in slow motion for the bits that need extra work.●Use your full range of senses. 20A．Control the time frame.B．Minimize all the feelings.C．You can use it to do them better so try it now.D．Engaging them all will create a rich, multi-dimensional memory.E．Paint a mental picture of yourself there and actively make it memorable.F．Pick an important event around the corner: a driving test or a public speech.G．The reason it often fails is that we have an idea in mind but don’t make it into a memory.三、完形填空Scott Macaulay has been cooking Thanksgiving dinner in his hometown, Melrose, Massachusetts, for the past 33 years in a row.“One year, a man who’d just lost his wife put on her apron.” Macaulay said. “That’s what this is all about. It’s not about the food. It’s about35 .21．A．tiredness B．openness C．togetherness D．mindfulness 22．A．grew B．worked C．began D．ran 23．A．deprived of B．opposed to C．accustomed to D．faced with 24．A．activities B．circumstances C．areas D．categories 25．A．advertisement B．sign C．list D．notice 26．A．invitations B．details C．donations D．suggestions 27．A．observe B．plan C．host D．witness 28．A．sorry B．sad C．rich D．right 29．A．real B．delicious C．traditional D．great 30．A．keep it up B．do it up C．pack it up D．tidy it up 31．A．walked B．gathered C．lived D．looked 32．A．affordable B．annual C．international D．upcoming 33．A．teaching B．encouraging C．persuading D．warning 34．A．finds B．follows C．feeds D．represents 35．A．secretly B．randomly C．independently D．indirectly四、用单词的适当形式完成短文being released by independent vloggers on Douyin, China’s equivalent to TikTok.五、邀请信46．假定你是国际学校广播站英语栏目“Nature is speaking”负责人李华。
重庆市第八中学校2023届高三高考适应性月考(六)语文答案
重庆市第八中学2023届高考适应性月考卷（六）语文参考答案1.（3分）B 【解析】A错误，根据材料二，海外受众选择性接触和对抗式解读是由“趋异”的传播策略造成的；C错误，根据材料三，只注重价值宣传，忽略了艺术规律是主旋律电影发展的重要症结；D错误，根据材料一，能对世界文明贡献力量的是中国古代思想传统中有益的部分。
2.（3分）B 【解析】A错误，根据材料一，君子礼序、人伦和合、大同理想只是可信、可爱、可敬的一种体现，不能等同；C错误，根据材料二，强加因果，海外受众对中国的“他者意识”也是宣传策略不当的结果；D错误，从材料三中，我们无法获知中外受众是否更喜欢取材于日常生活的影视题材作品。
3.（3分）D 【解析】D项错误，结合材料一，对“家”的因素模糊处理与“人伦和合”有冲突。
4.（4分）①国家的发展需要形成同国家综合国力和国际地位相匹配的国际话语权；②中华文明能对世界文明发展做出贡献；③目前我们在对外讲好中国故事中还存在一系列问题；④西方媒体持续对中国进行污名化、妖魔化，需要改善我国形象。
5.（6分）①要以展现现代中国的可信、可爱、可敬为前提，不能为了数据流量，而迎合海外受众对中国的刻板印象；②要以增进海外互相理解为目标，具备受众意识和精准传播自觉，以海外观众能理解的方式表现中国文化；③要尊重艺术规律，注意电视剧的叙事与人物的塑造。
6.（3分）C 【解析】原因分析错误。
7.（3分）D 【解析】错误选项，情感氛围并非一直压抑沉闷。
8.（4分）①句式上，多个“它”形成反复、排比，加强语势，更加突出这种力量的影响之大。
②人物形象上，作者在“风雨”中依然能感受“它”的力量，突出了自己在困苦中绝不麻木的形象。
语文参考答案·第1页（共4页）③结构上，承上启下，承接上文在阴霾气压下仍能看见光明的描写，引起下文作者对朋友的回忆，友人们的“安慰与光荣”也正是作者力量的重要来源。
④情感基调上，“它”的反复使用，使文章没有一直处于一种阴郁的氛围中，而在风雨中感受到了比无愁的青春更加刻骨铭心的力量，情感更加昂扬积极。
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2018届重庆八中高三适应性月考（五）语 文注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第I 卷（选择题）一、选择题1．下列各句中加点成语的使用，全都不正确的一项是（ ）①党中央明确提出建设廉洁政治的重大战略思想，强调全面从严治党，全面依法治国，以不懈的努力换得政治清明、河清海晏．．．．。
②洛宁县城关镇西街村城隍庙会上，锣鼓震天，瓦釜雷鸣．．．．，河洛大鼓传人孙克光的精彩表演吸引了四面八方前来赶会的群众。
③我们的生活中，总有一些人，对美好的、高尚的力量，要么视而不见，要么出言讥讽，要么肆意打压而对负面的信息则摇旗鼓噪，如蚁附膻．．．．。
④历代学者都很重视资料的整理，但若像1985年还出版了专著的孙楷第（1898-1986）那样皓首穷经．．．．，海内外学界实无二人。
⑤他这人平素爱出风头，工作华而不实，喜欢夸夸其谈，我任他自言自语，不落言筌．．．．，他独自发完议论，也就算了。
⑥《国家宝藏》讲述国宝的“前世今生”，在观众中引起热烈反响，成为了一档网红节目，一时间去各大博物馆参观的人趋之若鹜．．．．。
A. ①④⑤B. ②⑤⑥C. ②③⑥D. ②③④2．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是（ ）A. 以往私有概念对人们是陌生和淡薄的，人们对私有财产的归属普遍缺乏安全感，现在《物权法》将为私有财产提供法律安全保障。
B. 当前，企业生产利润如何？投资方向会调整吗？记者日前在多省市展开调查，不少靠实业起家、仍依靠实业创新发展的企业家给出了肯定的答案。
C. 从地理关系的角度看，最明智的选择是建立亚欧非经济体，用高铁连接起所有陆上国家，让所有人都得益于中国的发展。
D. 这些车辆的日交通违法率曾高达10%，但自今年上半年大力开展“礼让斑马线”活动以后，其违法率与去年同期相比下降了0．5倍。
3．下列各句中，表达得体的一句是（ ） A. 中医院杨医生治好不少患者的顽疾，一位患者特地制作锦旗相赠，上写道：“杏坛高手，医者仁心。
” B. 面对多年未见的老同学，乡长不禁也“文绉绉”了起来：“穷乡僻壤，无以招待，略具薄酒，聊表芹意！” C. 董杰与张红闹别扭，为了重回友谊，董杰说：“让我们握手言和，结为秦晋之好吧。
” D. 我们是多年的同窗好友，情谊深厚，现在你需要我的帮助，我一定玉成此事。
第II 卷（非选择题） 二、现代文阅读 阅读下面的文字，完成小题。
前不久，中国人民银行发布公示，受理了某公司的个人征信业务申请。
这意味着由央行牵头、数家企业联手的征信机构，又迈出筹建的关键一步，引发社会关注。
建立国家级网络金融个人信用基础数据库，实现为中国人信用打分，这一中国金融业的大事，或将重塑中国的信用市场。
近年来，互联网金融的发展带来信用数据的激增。
现代社会，信贷数据早已不止于银行流水，个人信用信息已汇成数据海洋。
早在3年前，央行授予8家机构征信资格，鼓励积极探索。
但实践发现，各市场主体对自己征得的信用信息有“独享”倾向；在“多头征信”架构下，数据的独立性、公正性及隐私性也存在问题。
防止数据寡头、消灭数据孤岛，以更高级别的征信基础架构实现数据的互联互通，这正是把信用信息统一置于更高层级平台管理的初衷。
习总书记指出，要加强社会信用体系建设，健全符合我国国情的金融法治体系。
个人征信体系不完善，信用服务市场就难以发展。
一段时间内，“网贷”成为热门话题，大学生网贷最终酿成悲剧者并不鲜见，其中一个重要因素就是借新还旧、多头借贷。
究其根源，正是企业难以有效获得个人信用信息，信用信息难以共享，相关征信产品供给严重不足。
当互联网金融日益成为借贷的重要渠道，谁来及时高效地提供可靠的“信用分”？如果供给迟迟跟不上，不但“网贷”的病难以根治，互联网金融的风险也容易累积。
而一旦相应体系得以确立，信用市场的交易成本将显著下降，互联网金融市场的健康度也将得以提升。
“惩戒失信者、鼓励守信者”，一套更完善的个人征信体系，也会促动更多人展开信用生活。
过去几年，不少中国人绕过信用卡，一步迈入“网货”时代，实现了个人信用生活的跨越式发展。
在传统的央行征信体系中，他们是无信用的“白户”，但立足互联网时代，他们的信贷数据已成为中国信用生活的重要组成部分。
未来，有信用分的年轻人不仅可以免押金享受单车等共享服务，也可更方便地租房租车，有互联网金融信用信息的农民也可以获得银行授信。
使新旧信用体系相街接，让征信更好服务个人与社会发展，当是普惠金融的题中之义。
建立健全个人征信体系，不仅是在完善现代金融治理，也有利于推动治理能力和治理体系现代化。
《社会信用体系建设规划锅要（20420）》指出，“社会信用体系是社会主义市场经济体制和社会治理体制的重要组成部分”“加快社会信用体系建设是加强和创新杜会治理的重要手段”。
事实上，信息社会本身就是信用社会。
当个体在信息时代被高度“信用量化”，我们比任何时候都更此卷只装订不密封 班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号接近“信用时代”。
建立国家级的个人信用数据库，大踏步迈向信用时代，必将为国家治理提供更优质的资源、更有效的手段。
着力完善个人征信体系，大力发展覆盖全社会会的征信系统，以信立人、以信立国，一个优良信用环境必将更为可期，也必将有利于提升国家整体竞争力。
（摘编自《人民日报》《建好“信用时代”的基础设施一覆盖全社会的征信体系》）4．下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是（）A. 建立国家级网络金融个人信用基础数据库，能够打破信息垄断，更好地实现信用数据的联通共享，降低信用市场的交易成本。
B. 日益成为借贷主要渠道的互联网金融，因为缺乏可靠的相关征信产品供给等因素而可能身陷困境，面临不断累积的风险。
C. 绕过信用卡迈入“网贷”时代，这本是时代的进步，但不少人遭遇了不准在传统的央行征信体系中查验信用度的尴尬。
D. 个体被高度“信用量化”，覆盖全社会的征信体系得以建立，是身处“信用时代”的重要标志。
5．下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是（）A. 建立国家级网络金融个人信用基础数据库取得重大进展，作者开篇对此持赞赏态度并对其未来抱有较高期待。
B. 文章通过对时代背景及征信实践中出现的相关问题的揭示，阐明了建立国家级网络金融个人信用基础数据库的必要性。
C. 文章从市场健康有序发展和个人更好地展开信用生活两个维度进一步阐明了建立健全个人征信体系的重要性。
D. 文章从推动治理能力和治理体系现代化、提升国家整体竞争力的角度强调了建立国家级网络金融个人信用基础数据库的重大意义。
6．根据原文内容，下列说法不正确的一项是（）A. 如果从根源上解决了企业获取个人信用信息难、信用信息共享难等征信难题，大学生网贷最终酿成悲剧的情况应该会有所改观。
B. 未来，如果通过支付宝、微信等手机软件进行按揭支付等行为，可能因为涉及信用问题而对你的生活产生积极或消极的影响。
C. 在互联网时代，互联网金融发展势头迅猛，传统信用体系有被快速赶超并取而代之的明显趋势。
D. 如果“信用时代”到来，人们对“义”与“利”的关系将有更深刻的理解，这得益于科技对道德建设的倒逼。
阅读下面的文字，完成小题。
散步梁实秋①《琅還记》云：“古之老人，饭后必散步。
”好像是散步限于饭后，仅是老人行之，而且盛于古时。
现代的我，年纪不大，清晨起来盥洗完毕便提起手杖出门去散步。
这好像是不合古法，但我已行之有年，而且同好甚多，不只我一人。
②清晨走到空旷处，看东方既白，远山如黛，空气里没有太多的尘埃炊烟混杂在内，可以放心地尽量地深呼吸，这便是一天中难得的享受。
据估计：“目前一般都市的空气中，灰尘和烟煤的每周降量，平均每平方公里约为五吨，在人烟稠密或工厂林立的地区，有的竟达二十吨之多。
”养鱼的都知道要经常为鱼换水，关在城里的人真是如在火宅，难道还不在每天清早从软暖习气中挣脱出来，服几口清凉散？③散步的去处不一定要是山明水秀之区，如果风景宜人，固然觉得心旷神怡，就是荒村陋巷，也自有它的情趣。
一切只要随缘。
我从前沿着淡水河边，走到萤桥，现在顺着一条马路，走到土桥，天天如是，仍然觉得目不暇接。
朝露未干时，有蚯蚓、大蜗牛，在路边蠕动，没有人伤害它们，在这时候这些小小的生物可以和我们和平共处。
也常见有被碾毙的田鸡野鼠横尸路上，令人触目惊心，想到生死无常。
河边蹲踞着三三两两浣衣女，态度并不轻闲，她们的背上兜着垂头瞌睡的小孩子。
田畦间伫立着几个庄稼汉，大概是刚拔完萝卜摘过菜。
是农家苦，还是农家乐，不大好说。
就是从巷弄里面穿行，无意中听到人家里的喁喁絮语，有时也能令人忍俊不禁。
④六朝人喜欢服五石散，服下去之后五内如焚，浑身发热，必须散步以资宣泄。
到唐朝时犹有这种风气。
元稹诗“行药步墙阴”，陆龟蒙诗“更拟结茅临水次，偶因行药到村前”。
所谓行药，就是服药后的散步。
这种散步，我想是不舒服的。
肚里面有丹砂雄黄白矾之类的东西作怪，必须脚步加快，步出一身大汗，方得畅快。
我所谓的散步不这样的紧张，遇到天寒风大，可以缩颈急行，否则亦不妨迈方步，缓缓而行。
培根有言：“散步利胃。
”我的胃口已经太好，不可再利，所以我从不跄踉地趱路。
六朝人所谓“风神萧散，望之如神仙中人”，一定不是在行药时的写照。
⑤散步时总得携带一根手杖，手里才觉得不闲得慌。
山水画里的人物，凡是跋山涉水的总免不了要有一根筇杖，否则好像是摆不稳当似的。
王维诗：“策杖村西日斜。
”村东日出时也是一样地需要策杖。
一枚在手，无须舞动，拖曳就可以了。
我的一根手杖，因为在地面摩擦的关系，已较当初短了寸余。
手杖有时亦可作为武器，聊备不时之需，因为在街上散步者不仅是人，还有狗。
不是夹着尾巴的丧家之狗，也不是循循然汪汪叫的土生土长的狗，而是那种雄赳赳的横眉竖眼张口伸舌的巨獒，气咻咻地迎面而来，后面还跟着骑脚踏车的扈从，这时节我只得一面退避三舍，一面加力握紧我手里的竹杖。
那狗脖子上挂着牌子，当然是纳过税的，还可能是系出名门，自然也有权利出来散步。
还好，此外尚未遇见过别的什么猛兽。
唐玄奘大师“独静行禅，不避虎兕”，我只有自惭定力不够。
⑥散步不需要伴侣，东望西望没人管，快步慢步由你说，这不但是自由，而且只有在这种时候才特别容易领略到“前不见古人，后不见来者”那种“分段苦”的味道。
天覆地载，孑然一身。
事实上街道上也不是绝对的闻无一人，策杖而行的不只我一个，而且经常的有很熟的面孔准时准地地出现。
还有三五成群的小姑娘，老远的就送来木屐声。