一般过去时详细讲解

一般过去式The past Indefinite tense一、概念：1、过去的状态：肯定句：主语+ was/were+(形容词、名词、介词短语)。

否定形式：主语+ was/were +not +(形容词、名词、介词短语)。

一般疑问句形式：was/were+主语+(形容词、名词、介词短语)Yes,主语+was/were. No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t.特殊疑问句句式：疑问词+ was/were+主语+(形容词、名词、介词短语)* 单数三人成和I 用，was;复数人称和you 用were。

2、过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为：肯定句：主语+ V过去式 +宾语 +时间状语、地点状语。

否定形式：主语+ did +not +宾语 +时间状语、地点状语。

一般疑问句形式：Did +主语 + V原型 +宾语 +时间状语/地点状语Yes,主语+did. No,主语+didn’t特殊疑问句句式：疑问词+Did +主语 + V原型 +宾语 +时间状语/地点状语二、四种时间状语：① yesterday及相关短语。

例如：yesterday morning/afternoon/evening ，the day before yesterday,② “last+ 时间状语”构成的短语。

例如：last Monday .../last night/month/spring/year 昨晚/上个月/去年春天/去年。

③ “一段时间+ago”组成的短语。

例如：three days ago 三天以前 four years ago四年以前。

④ “介词+ 时间名词”组成的短语。

例如：in 1999 在1999年；on the morning of December 25th 在12月25号早上。

还有一些过去时常用的时间状语：just now, at the age of 5, one day, long ago, once upon a time(很久以前), at thattime,before, a few days ago, when，the other day（前几天），When I was 8 years old （当我八岁时…），etc.三、过去时用法：① 表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。

例如：I went to school at 7:00 yesterday morning.我昨天早晨七点去上学。

② 表示在过去某个时间存在的状态。

例如：She was not at home last night.她昨晚八点没在家。

③ 表示在过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often(经常)、always(总是)、sometimes(有时)等表示频率的时间状语连用。

例如：He often had lunch at school last month.他上个月经常在学校吃午饭。

④ 表示已故的人所做的事情或情况。

例如：Ba Jin wrote a lot of novels for us.巴金写了很多部小说。

四种谓语动词的表现形式① 行为动词的过去式，分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。

规则动词的过去式的构成遵循以下四个规则：1）直接在动词后加ed，例如：help-helped; want-wanted等；2）以不发音的字母e结尾时，去掉e加ed (即直接加d) , 例如：like-liked；3）以辅音字母y结尾时，把y变成i再加ed, 例：carry-carried; study-studied等；4）以重读闭音节结尾，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed, 例如：stop-stopped; shop-shopped等。

而不规则动词的过去式则需要我们认真下工夫去记了，例如：go-went; come-came; buy-bought等。

② 情态动词的过去式+动词原形。

例如：I could swim at the age of five. 我五岁时就会游泳了五、 AAA型（过去式、过去分词与原形一致）原形过去式过去分词词义cut cut cut 切、割shut shut shut 关、闭（门窗）put put put 放置let let let 让set set set 设置hit hit hit 撞击hurt hurt hurt 受伤；疼痛cost cost cost 值…钱；花费read [ri:d] read [red] read [red] 朗读；阅读AAB型过去式与原形一致beat beat beaten 击败ABA型过去分词与原形一致run ran run 跑步；逃跑come came come 来become became become 变得；成为ABB型过去式与过去分词一致buy bought bought 买fight fought fought 打架；打仗think thought thought 想；认为seek sought sought 寻找；探究bring brought brought 带来catch caught caught 抓住；接住teach taught taught 教；教书lend lent lent 借出send sent sent 送；派遣spend spent spent 花费（时间、金钱）build built built 建设；建立feel felt felt 感觉；摸起来leave left left 离开keep kept kept 保持；保留sleep slept slept 睡觉oversleep overslept overslept 睡过头sweep swept swept 打扫mean [mi:n] meant [ment] meant [ment] 意思是learn learnt / learned learnt /learned 学；学会burn burnt / burned burnt / burned 燃烧；烧伤hear [hiE] heard [hE:d] heard [hE:d] 听见lead led led 领导；致使mislead misled misled 把…引错方向feed fed fed 喂养；喂食flee fled fled 逃跑meet met met 遇见；碰到shoot shot shot 射击light lit / lighted lit / lighted 点燃get got got 获得；得到win won won 获胜；赢得sit sat sat 坐下dig dug dug 挖掘stick stuck stuck 刺；戳hang hung hung 悬挂hang hanged hanged 绞死sell sold sold 出售tell told told 告诉smell smelt smelt 闻；嗅spell spelt spelt 拼写hold held held 拿着；握住find found found 找到；发现stand stood stood 站立understand understood understood 理解lay laid laid 下蛋,平放pay paid paid 付款say [sei] said [sed] said [sed] 说have /has had had 有make made made 制作shine shone / shined shone / shined 照耀lose [lu:z] lost [lRst] lost [lRst] 丢失ABC型原形、过去式、过去分词不一致begin began begun 开始drink drank drunk 喝；饮ring rang rung 铃（响）；打电话sing sang sung 唱歌sink sank sunk 下沉swim swam swum 游泳blow blew blown 吹；刮风fly flew flown 飞；放（风筝）know knew [nju:] known 知道；懂得grow grew grown 种植；生长throw threw thrown 扔；投show showed shown 出示；给…看break broke broken 打破；不服从speak spoke spoken 说话steal stole stolen 偷choose chose chosen 选择freeze froze frozen 冻结wake woke woke / woken 醒来；唤醒forget forgot forgotten 忘记take took taken 拿走mistake mistook mistaken 错拿shake shook shaken 摇动；握（手）eat ate eaten 吃fall fell fallen 落下；摔倒rise rose risen [rizn] 上升；上涨drive drove driven [drivn] 驾驶give gave given 给forgive forgave forgiven 原谅see saw seen 看见ride rode ridden 骑（车、马）hide hid hidden 躲藏bite bit bitten 咬forbid forbade / forbad forbidden 禁止；不许write wrote written 书写bear bore born 忍受tear tore torn 撕破wear wore worn 穿、戴（衣帽等）am / is was been 是do / does did done 做go went gone 去lie lay lain 躺；卧情态动词的过去式must must 必须can could 能够；会shall should 应当will would 将；会一、请在仔细诊断每个句子后，把正确的句子写在横线上。

1. We were go to school early yesterday.2. She was buy a dress last week.3. Did you liked playing football you have a good trip -No, I didn’t.5. We didn’t flew kites last month.is Jane yesterday _________________________________________ go to school by bus last week. ________________________________goes home at 6:00 last month. ________________________________can fly kites seven years ago. ___________________________________you saw him just now. _______________________________________wasn't watch TV last night. ________________________________did not my homework yesterday. _______________________________13. He wait for you three hours ago. _________________________________find it just now __________________________________________二、请将下列的汉语句子翻译成正确的英语。