高考定语从句八个考点
英语定语从句考点重点归纳总结

英语定语从句考点重点归纳总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它在句子中起到修饰名词或代词的作用。
掌握定语从句的用法和特点对于英语学习者来说至关重要。
本文将对英语定语从句的考点进行重点总结和归纳。
一、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词:关系代词常用于引导定语从句,包括that,which,who,whom,whose等。
2.关系副词:关系副词也可以引导定语从句,主要包括when,where,why等。
二、定语从句的作用和位置定语从句通常用来修饰名词或代词,它可以紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,也可以放在句子的末尾。
如果定语从句紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后,通常用关系代词来引导;如果放在句子末尾,则用关系代词或关系副词来引导。
三、定语从句的几种类型分析1.限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句是定语从句的一种常见形式,它对被修饰的名词起到了限定和具体化的作用,去掉定语从句,句子的意思仍然完整。
关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词在从句中修饰时间、地点或原因。
2.非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句是用来对被修饰的名词进行补充说明或者陈述一些额外信息的。
非限定性定语从句通常用逗号或者破折号与主句隔开,去掉定语从句对整个句子的意思没有太大影响。
四、定语从句的连接词使用注意事项1.关系代词that和which的区别:that通常用来引导限定性定语从句,which则常用于非限定性定语从句。
2.关系代词who和whom的区别:who用来引导指人的定语从句,并在从句中担任主语或者宾语;whom通常用于非限定性定语从句,担任宾语。
3.关系代词whose的用法:whose用来引导定语从句,表示所属关系。
5.关系副词when,where和why的用法:when用来表示时间,where表示地点,why表示原因。
五、定语从句的注意事项1.省略关系词:当关系从句中作主语、宾语或者介词宾语时,关系词(常用的是that或which)可以省略。
高考英语——定语从句考点

6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词
7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题
1.that与which的选用;that与where/when的选用 把握命题规律:定语从句可以说是各 2.“介词+which/whom”结构中介词的选用; 高考必然首先考虑的重要考点,在题目 3.“介词+which”与when/where间的区别与联系; 计的过程中,常以“介词+关系代词” 4.which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别; 导的定语从句为热点,以非限制性定语 5.“不定代词/数词+of which/whom”与“不定代词 句为重点,以关系副词where引导的定 词+of them” 的选用;Whose 用法及转换形式
that用法真有趣, 两个地方它不去; 逗号后边它不去, 介词之后不考虑;
1. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprise everybody in the office.
A.which
B that
C this
D.it
2. The day ____ he was born was Aug .20, 1952. A.on which B that C which D.this
= He lives in the room, the window of which
faces south. = He lives in the room,of which the window faces south.
考点四:as与which引导非限制性定从
两者均可引导非限制性定语从句,有时可以互 换,主要从四个方面区别:所处位置,逻辑 系,所用动词,as的含义 但下列情况多用as。 2. as 引导的从句可以放在句首, as 本身有 “正如…..正象…”之意,与之连用的词有 know, see, expect, announce, point out 等。 e.g. As we all know, the earth is round. 1. 所处位置,2. 逻辑意义 3.词义 4. 所用动 词
高中英语所有定语从句考点总结

高中英语所有定语从句考点总结定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
1.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★ 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词:引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词(替代作用)②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用)③在定语从句中作句子成分(成分作用)(2)关系词的分类①标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词:在从句中做 主,宾,表,定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)③关系副词:在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子1.限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较:He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company.(Perhaps he has two more sons)1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语,介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.(此时只能用which且不能省略) 2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right,the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句,其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用thatHe built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?4.As引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语,宾语,表语等。
高考英语要考的定语从句考点统计汇总

高考英语要考的定语从句考点统计汇总定语从句作为英语语法,在学习过程中属于中较难理解与掌握的部分,也正是由于其复杂程度较高、逻辑性较强、理解难度很大。
概念定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★ 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词:引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词(替代作用)②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用)③在定语从句中作句子成分(成分作用)(2)关系词的分类①标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词:在从句中做主,宾,表,定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)③关系副词:在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.2.非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较:He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he has two more sons)定语从句的10个难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语,介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.(此时只能用which且不能省略)2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用who Who is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right,the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句,其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用thatHe built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate? 4.As引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语,宾语,表语等。
高考英语定语从句用法归纳及注意事项大全

高考英语定语从句用法及注意事项一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom指人在从句中作宾语whose指人或物在从句中作定语as指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+ofwhich或ofwhich+the+名词2、as的用法(1)常用于下列结构:such…as;so…as;thesame…as;as…as注意:thesame…as表示同一类,不同一个thesame…that表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。
Which相当于并列句,可以用andthis来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列结构:asweknow/asisknowntoall,asweallcansee,ashasbeensaidbefore/above, asmightbeexcepted,asisoftenthecase,一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。
二、只用that不用which的情况1、先行词为all,much,everything,nothing,something,anything,nothing,none,theo ne等不定代词时。
2、先行词被only,any,few,little,no,all,just,very,right等修饰时。
3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
5、当先行词是数词时。
高考英语语法复习定语从句讲义

定语从句定语从句的核心考点1.功能:相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语。
2.位置:定语从句置于被修饰词之后。
Those who are for the plan raise your hands,please.3.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。
先行词一般是名词和不定代词,如:some-,any-,every-和no-与-body,-thing的合成词;或all,none,any,some,that,those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词,人称代词也同样可作先行词。
4.关系词:连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。
关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as等关系副词:when,where,why等5.确定关系词的步骤:(1)先找先行词,看先行词指的是什么。
(2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
注意:先行词与关系词是等量关系。
(1)先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.(2)关系词在从句句子中充当了成分,其意思就是先行词的意义,所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit (them) in China.6.在定语从句中,当先行词指物时,下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which:(1)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,the only,the very,few等修饰时。
(3)先行词为all,much,little,none,few,something,anything等不定代词时。
(4)先行词中既有人又有物时。
He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.(5)先行词在主句中作表语时。
专题01定语从句十大考点归纳(清单)-高考英语一轮复习知识清单(全国通用)

专题01 定语从句十大考点(解析版)讲义目录定语从句高考考点细目表P1 考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比P2 考点清单二、关系代词whose, who, whom典型用法归纳P4 考点清单三、关系副词where典型用法归纳P5 考点清单四、关系副词when典型用法归纳P5 考点清单五、关系副词why 典型用法归纳P6 考点清单六、如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语P6 考点清单七、关系代词as典型用法归纳P7 考点清单八、定语从句“介词+关系代词”结构P8 考点清单九、定语从句中的主谓一致典型用法P9 考点清单十、分割型定语从句及强调句型、名词性从句变式考查P9 分类训练(一)高考真题P10 分类训练(二)模拟试题P11 分类训练(三)单句改错P12 分类训练(四)句式升级(书面表达)P12 分类训练(五)语篇运用(外刊原创)P13 (一)二十四节气之夏至来历及风俗P13(二)英雄猫及时施救心脏病主人P15近年高考真题定语从句考点细目表考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法对比要点精讲1:I don’t like the way that/in which you speak to your mum. 我不喜欢你对妈妈说话的方式。
(the way在定语从句充当方式状语)【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。
1. I don’t like the way _______you speak to her.2. He is the only man __________ I can find for the work.3. He is no longer the man _________he was five years ago.4. The first English novel __________ I read was Gone With Wind.5. This is one of the most exciting football games _______ I have ever seen.6. John told his parents about the cities and the people _________ he had visited.7.(2014全国I卷)Maybe you leave a habit ________is driving your family crazy.8.(2015全国I卷)I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.9. (2018全国II卷)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started a soil-testing program ___ ___ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers---and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.10.(2020全国III卷)Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation. (短文改错)【答案与解析】1. that。
聚焦高考定语从句考点

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高考定语从句八个考点定语从句是英语学习的一个重要语法项目,也是历年高考在具体的语境中考查考生灵活运用知识能力的一个重点。
为了帮助同学们更好地掌握这一语法项目,本文结合近几年的高考试题,分析、探究定语性从句的考查,对其考查归纳为以下八个考点。
一、考查非限制性定语从句中的which在非限制性定语从句中,which既起连接的作用,又在从句中充当一定的句子成分(主语、宾语或表语);放在主句之后,指代整个主句或主句中的部分内容。
【经典题赏析】1. My friend showed me round the town, _______was very kind of him.(09全国卷II)A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it解析:本题考查非限制性定语从句的关系代词的用法,选项中只有which可指代前面一个句子,并引导从句;it虽然可代替前面句子,但不能起连接的作用,故答案为A。
2. The Science Museum, _______we visited during a recent trip to Britain, isone of London’s tourist attractions. (08江苏)A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where解析:引导非限制性定语从句时,which在从句中可以作宾语,指代主句的主语“The Science Museum”,而where只能作状语。
故答案为A。
3. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly ru n, is now asuccessful business. (07浙江)A. thatB. whichC. whoD. where解析:该题逗号之间为非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,所以选项范围应是关系代词,排除掉关系副词where;而that不可以引导非限制性定语从句, 只有which可指代前面的China’s restaurant。
故答案为B。
【小结】非限制性定语从句中,判断选which还是where, when,关键在于分析定语从句的主干结构是否完整,如果该从句的先行词是物,从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语,通常要用which;如果从句中缺少状语,则用when或where。
事实上,非限制性定语从句可理解成是某一并列句的转换。
如:例1可理解为:My friend showed me round the town, and it was very kind of him.二、考查关系副词,尤其是where的考查关系副词where, when在定语从句中既起连接作用,同时又在从句中充当状语,分别表地点、时间。
选用关系副词的关键是要求正确分析从句主干结构,选词必须符合句子的逻辑意义。
【经典题赏析】1. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _______ they can see themselvesdifferently. (09福建)A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where解析:由于从句的主谓宾结构完整,只能选用状语,由先行词a situation可知,应选用作地点状语的where 引导定语从句。
故答案为D。
2. They will fly to Washington, _______ they plan to stay for two or three days.(08重庆)A. whereB. thereC. whichD. when解析:首先排除地点副词there; there不能引导从句,如果用there,后半句要改为and they plan to stay there for two or three days。
由先行词“Washington”可知从句的关系词表地点,并且stay缺少状语,所以应该用where连接主从句。
故答案为A。
3. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases_______ beginners of English fail touse the language properly. (07陕西)A. whichB. asC. whyD. where解析:此定语从句主谓结构完整, 缺少状语;考虑到先行词cases,选用关系词where,相当于in which(= in the cases)。
故答案为D。
【小结】从以上高考试题可以看出对于where引导的定语从句,先行词既可是明确的地点,也可是“模糊化的地点”。
如表示某人/ 物的situation,或某事所发展的stage都可用where这个关系副词。
三、考查关系代词whosewhose在定语从句中充当名词的定语,构成“whose + 名词”的形式;既可以表示某人的,又可以表示某物的。
其最显著的特点是空格后的名词缺少限定词。
【经典题赏析】1. A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive anye-mails.(09天津)A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. whoever解析:who和whom只可做定语从句的主语或宾语;whoever引导名词性从句;而A person作定语从句的先行词,从句中作主语的e-mail account 缺少限定词,whose可充当名词的定语。
故答案为C。
2. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house_______roof is under repair. (06福建)A. whoseB. whichC. of whichD. what解析:定语从句中作主语的roof缺少限定词,即定语,选择whose充当定语。
而of which在这里无法与the roof搭配。
故答案为A。
【小结】在定语从句中,对于事物的所属关系,可以使用以下三种形式:whose + 名词,the + 名词+ of which 或of which the + 名词。
四、考查介词+ which或whom介词后接关系代词,在从句中可以作定语或状语;如果先行词是人,关系代词用whom;如果先行词是物,关系代词用which。
对于介词的选用则要综合考虑。
【经典题赏析】1. Gun control is a subject _______Americans have argued for a long time. (09陕西)A. of whichB. with whichC. about whichD. into which解析:该题从句谓语argued与介词about搭配表达“争论某事”,故答案为C。
2. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of MountQomolangma, _______ appeared a rare rainbow soon.(08福建)A. of whichB. on whichC. from whichD. above which解析:此定语从句的先行词是the top,从句的正常语序应该是:“A rare rainbow soon appeared ______ the top of Mount Qomolangma”。
显然应该填上“above”,表示山顶上。
所以用above which连接主从句。
故答案为D。
3. We shouldn’t sp end our money testing so many people, most of _______arehealthy. (07北京)A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whom解析:由于先行词为so many people,关系代词只能用whom引导非限制性定语从句。
所以答案为D。
【小结】从以上句子可以看出,“介词+which / whom +定语从句”这一考点,既考查学生的定语从句知识,又可考查学生对动词短语的掌握。
解此类题的关键是把先行词代入相关定语从句中,根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配或与先行词的关系、或由句子表达的整体句意来确定。
五、考查定语从句中的分隔一般来说,定语从句总是紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后;但有时,定语从句和先行词常常被介词或其它成分分隔,干扰了句子结构的判断,从而给辨别从句带来一定的难度。
【经典题赏析】1. She’ll never forget her stay there_______she found her son who had gonemissing two years before. (09四川)A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when解析:此题的关键在于看出there分隔了先行词her stay和关系词引导的定语从句。
根据先行词her stay(表示“她呆的期间”)及从句的句意,可知所选词须是作时间状语的连词来引导。
故答案为D。
2. Occasions are quite rare ______ I have the time to spend a day with the kids.(08山东卷)A. whoB. whichC. whyD. when解析:此句为了保持句子平衡,避免引起主句头重脚轻,构成了先行词occasions和从句被主句的系表结构分隔现象。
先行词occasions表时间,而且后面的定语从句缺少时间状语,所以应该用when或on which连接。
故答案为D。
3. —Is that the small town you often refer to?—Right, just the one_______you know I used to work for years. (05福建)A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what解析:此题中关系词和其引导的从句的主谓结构被插入语“you know”分隔,从句中主谓语结构完整,缺少地点状语。
故答案为C。
六、考查关系代词asas作关系代词主要用于非限制性定语从句指代整个主句,在从句中通常做主语或宾语;其引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后或主句之间。
【经典题赏析】1. The Beatles, _______ many of you are old enough to remember, came fromLiverpool. (07天津)A. whatB. thatC. howD. as解析: 本句主谓语之间插入一个非限制性定语从句,选项中只有as可引导该从句,并作从句中to remember的宾语。