高考英语二轮语法巩固-《定语从句》专题讲练(含答案)
2024届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句导学案(含答案)
2024届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句导学案（含答案）2024年高考英语一轮复习——定语从句导学案定语从句概述定语从句（Adjective Clause）是指在复合句中用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句。
这个从句通常由关系词引导，将句子中关系密切的内容用一个句子来表示。
1. 定语从句的引导词：引导定语从句的关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有：that、which、who、whom、whose。
关系副词有：where、when、why。
2. 关系词在定语从句中的作用：关系词在定语从句中充当一部分语法成分，并引导定语从句与主句之间的关系。
关系代词的作用有：代替先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
关系副词的作用有：代替先行词所表示的抽象内容，引导定语从句所缺少的成分。
3. 定语从句的位置和结构：定语从句通常位于先行词之后，与先行词之间有逗号隔开。
定语从句的结构与简单句相似，包括主语、谓语和其他修饰成分，只是其主语通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
4. 定语从句的特点：定语从句既起着修饰作用，又起着句子成分的作用。
它插入到主句中，可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
以下是几个例子来说明定语从句的应用：- The book that you borrowed from the library is very interesting.（你从图书馆借的那本书很有趣。
）- The student who won the competition received a scholarship.（赢得比赛的那位学生获得了奖学金。
）- This is the place where we met last summer.（这是我们去年夏天见面的地方。
）- Do you know the reason why he resigned from his job （你知道他为什么辞去工作吗？）通过使用定语从句，我们可以给予更多关于名词或代词的描述和信息，帮助读者更好地理解句子含义。
高中英语 高考语法复习：定语从句讲解及提升练习(有答案)
高中语法复习：定语从句讲解及提升练习考点一关系副词引导的定语从句1．关系代词的基本用法在日常生活中我们遇到的小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。
I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.我住在一对夫妻的隔壁，他们的孩子经常制造噪音。
2．that和which的用法区别over the world want to learn about China.《今日中国》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。
3．as和which的区别正如老话说的那样：“人不可貌相”。
考点二关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词的基本用法将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。
Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。
Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗？考点三“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。
专题10定语从句(课件)-2025年高考英语二轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)
Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in
the area.
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda
Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。
设空处为关系词引导限制性定稿语定从P句PT ，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中
和关系副词；非限制性定语从句的关系词；
作文范文中常用定语从句。
【命题预测】
3年2考稿定PPT 2024年高考还会集中考查定语从句中关
稿定PPT，海量系素代材词持续和更关系副词的运用；考查非限制性 新，上千款模定板选语择从总句有一的关系词。
款适合你
知识构建
稿定PPT
稿定PPT，海量素材持续更 新，上千款模板选择总有一 款适合你
新，上千款模板选择总有一
作地点状语，应用where引导款。适合故你填where。
真题研析·规律探寻
2.（2021天津卷）In the spring, a season __w_h_e_n___ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world.
2．(2020·江苏卷)Many lessons are now available online, from__w_h_i_ch_____students can choose for free.
【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很多课可以在线获得，学生可以免费选择 。该空引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词宾语，且介词前置，所以只能用which 。
高考英语必考语法--定语从句详细讲解(附练习题及答案)
高考英语语法定语从句 attributive clause◆概念(1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语(修饰某一名词或代词)的从句叫定语从句，一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。
(2) 先行词：被__________修饰的成份。
先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。
(3)引导定语从句的词叫关系词 关系代词____, ______, ______, ______, _____, _______关系副词 _____, ______, ______ 在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，定语，状语）第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语、定语或状语）； 第三选择合适的关系词。
考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句1.who ,whom 和whose 引导的定语从句(1)who或whom均可指代人，但who在从句中作主语或宾语，做宾语时不可以出现在介词后；whom在从句中作宾语；两者在引导限制性定语从句时可用that 替换。
作主语时，who/that不可省略；作宾语时，whom/who/that可以省略。
◆ I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school _________I met in the English speech contest last year.◆ I have many friends to _________ I’m going to send post cards.◆ The person I want to talk about with is Tu Youyou, the one ______ won theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015.(2)whose表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。
专题10 定语从句(练习)(原卷版)-2024年高考英语二轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)
专题10定语从句目录定语从句-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1一、单项选择-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2二、单句语法填空（高考题和最新模拟）-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------4三、完成句子-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7定语从句一、单项选择1．（天津市实验中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次阶段检测）A Disney-themed airplane,________body huge Mickey Mouse figures were painted,appeared in Shanghai.A．of which B．across whose C．across which D．of whose2．（天津市南开区2023-2024学年高三上学期期中）That boy was rude to the conductor,______of course,made things even worse.A．who B．whom C．what D．which3．（黑龙江省大庆实验中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中）Last summer holiday,I went back to my hometown, __________the neighbors and the house__________I used to be familiar with were gone.A．only finding;which B．only to find;thatC．to find;where D．found;that4．（天津市耀华中学2023-2024学年高三上学期10月月考）My mother is grateful to the surgeon,without________first aid she would never rose to her feet again.A．whom B．his.C．which D．whose5．（天津市第一百中学2023-2024学年高三上学期阶段性检测（1））_____________is well known to us,Tianjin has a history of more than600years.A．As B．What C．Where D．It6．（天津市第一百中学2023-2024学年高三上学期阶段性检测（1））The fire started on the first floor of the hospital,_______patients were elderly people.A．many of whose B．whose many C．many whose D．many of whom7.（2019·江苏）21.We have entered into an age_______dreams have the best chance of coming true.A.whichB.whatC.whenD.that8.（2019·天津）】11.Their child is at the stage__________she can say individual words but not full sentences.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.what9.（2018·北京）5.She and her family bicycle to work,_________helps them keep fit.A.whichB.whoC.asD.that10.（2018·天津）2.Kae,_________sister I shared a room with when we were at college,has gone to work in Australia.A.whomB.thatC.whoseD.her11.（2018·江苏）23.Self-driving is an area_______China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when12.（2017·北京卷）31.The little problems______we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A.thatB.asC.whereD.when13.（2017·江苏）28.In1963the UN set up the World Food Programme,one of_______purposes is to relieveworldwide starvation.A.whichB.it’sC.whoseD.whom14.（2017·天津）9.My eldest son,_______work takes him all over the world,is in New York at the moment.A.thatB.whoseC.hisD.who15.（2016·北京）22.I live next door to a couple________children often make a lot of noise.A.whoseB.whyC.whereD.which16.（2016·江苏）23.Many young people,most______were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.A.of whichB.of themC.of whomD.of those17.（2016·天津）9.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,____the weather may be better.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when18.（2016·浙江）11.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears,none of______ has been proved.A.whomB.whichC.whatD.that19.（2015·湖南）29.It is a truly delightful place,________looks the same as it must have done100years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages..A.asB.whereC.thatD.which20.（2015·北京）24.Opposite is St.Paul's Church,___you can hear some lovely music.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where21.（2015·重庆）14.He wrote many children’s books,nearly half of____were published in the1990s.A.whomB.whichC.themD.that22.（2015·浙江）19.Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.A.asB.whoseC.in whichD.at which23.（2015·天津）The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere______his employees enjoy theirwork.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.who24.（2015·四川）3.The books on the desk,covers are shiny,are prizes for us.A．which B.whatC.whoseD.that25.（2015·陕西）15.As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.A.whichB.whereC.whomD.when二、用单词的适当形式填空（单句语法填空）1．（黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学第二次验收）Teaching is fun and challenging. It is a job you are doing something serious but interesting.（用适当的词填空）2．（宁夏红寺堡罗山中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次月考）There was a time each teacher spent an hour testing students in every subject.(用适当的词填空)3．（黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学）Recently,parts of our province have been struck by severe flood,from effects the people are still suffering.(用适当的词填空)4．（黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2023-2024学年高三上学期开学）—Where did you find the lost dog?—It was in the village we visited last month.(用适当的词填空)5.（2021浙江卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool________gives an indication of whethersomeone is a healthy weight.6.（2021北京卷）When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything________happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.7.（2019新课标II卷）Now Irene Astbury works from9am to5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，_________she opened with her late husband Les.8.（2019新课标III卷）They were well trained by their masters________had great experience with caring for these animals.9.（2019浙江卷）On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of cloth______gives off light in the dark.10.（2019北京卷）The students benefitting most from college are those______are totally engaged(参与)in academic life,taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源).11.（2018新课标I卷）Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in2014___________showeda mere five to10minute a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.12.（2018新课标II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between2005—when the government started a soil-testing program________gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and2011, fertilizer use dropped by7.7million tons.13.（2017新课标I卷）Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food.Like anything,it is possible to have too much of both,_________is not good for the health.14.（2017新课标III卷）But Sarah,___________has taken part in shows along with top models,wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.15.（2016新课标I卷）But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____________I was the first Western TV reporter was permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.16.（2016新课标III卷）Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，___________lived from roughly551to479B.C.，influenced the development of chopsticks.17.（2015新课标I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_________are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.18.（2014新课标I卷）Maybe you leave a habit________is driving your family crazy.19.（2024·新疆百师联盟9月复习联考）In Yimeng area of east China—situated Shandong Province,colorful claywhistles,used to be the most popular toys for local children,are regaining attention as a typical symbol of local folk culture.20.（2024·浙江省诸暨中学等2校期中）On an individual level,people with more wealth are more likely to own cars,travel by airplane and own big homes consume lots of energy.21.（2024·内蒙古赤峰市联考）The scientists reached the peak at around12:30p.m.on May23rd,was the second time a Chinese expedition to Mount Qomolangma reached an altitude above8,000meters since2022.22.（2024·陕西省汉中市多校第四次联考）Through the immersive(沉浸式的)learning experiences,the children couldn’t help be amazed at the wonders crafted by nature.“We have gained knowledge can’t be found in books,”said a student.“Now I know how karst caves were formed.”23.（2024·广东省江门市调研测试）The landscape is considered atypical example of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature,shows local people’s wisdom to know,respect and make use of nature.24.（2024·河南省青桐鸣联考模拟预测）The ditches were connected with ponds and gardens in the northern parts of the city,means that water in the system supplied not only production and life in the city,but was also used for landscaping of the city.25.（2024·湖南省名校联考联合体第二次联考）There are many features the app offers,and my favorite is the birdsong listening feature,you can turn on your phone’s microphone and hear recorded diverse birdsongs.26.（2024·湖南省邵阳市期中）Tmall(formerly Taobao Mall),a B2C platform(平台)belongs to Alibaba, has taken full advantage.In2009,Zhang Yong,president of Tmall,saw the opportunity.27.（2024·河北省邢台市质检联盟期中）The training for release is a long process starts before a cub is born.And usually it is divided into two stages.28.（2024·河北省保定市摸底）More than2,000years ago,Dunhuang became an important crossroad on the Silk Road ancient Chinese civilization and other civilizations in Asia and Europe met and traded.29.（2024·广东省惠州市第二次调研）By the end of2021,there were102local enterprises devoted to making silver jewelry,total output value reached more than100million yuan($13.68million).30.（2024·山西省名校10月联考）The number of families applying for and receiving ecological regulation permits reached as many as590,with they could enter the lake to conduct fishing activities during the permitted periods.三、完成句子1．在过去的一年中，我们都忙着准备高考，这场考试对于大多数中国学生而言都至关重要。
高考英语语法定语从句讲解与练习附答案
定语从句与高考定语从句是高考的热点，主要考查关系代词和关系副词的正确运用，特别是它们在非限制性定语从句中的运用。
主要考点有：1.关系代词who, which, that, whom, as, whose的基本用法。
2.关系副词when, where, why的基本用法。
3.定语从句中关系词的特殊用法。
4.定语从句中“介词＋关系代词”介词的确定。
5. which/ as引导的非限制性定语从句的区别。
一、定语从句的分类限制性定语从句定语从句非限制性定语从句二、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别区别一：形式不同限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常____用___逗号隔开。
区别二：功能不同限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意____不明确___；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意不影响。
如：People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。
(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。
(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整)比较下面的两个句子：I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个当医生的姐姐。
(姐姐不止一个)I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。
(只有一个姐姐)区别三：翻译不同在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。
如：He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。
I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。
高考英语专题讲练：定语从句
高考英语专题讲练-《定语从句》【考点分析】高考英语对于定语从句的考察主要有以下几个方面：考点一考查关系代词引导的定语从句考点二查关系副词引导的定语从句考点三考查“介词+关系代词”结构考点四考查that引导的定语从句考点五考查是关系代词关系副词的选择考点六考查as，which引导的定语从句考点七考查不重复先行词【情境感知-单项选择】1. A person ________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. whoB. whomC. whoseD. whoever【答案】C2. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC. asD. that【答案】A3.Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD. her【答案】C4. The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A. thatB. asC. whereD. when【答案】A5. It is broadcast on TV that the 88th Academy Award Ceremony was held in Dolby Theatre seats an audience of approximately 4000.A. whereB. whoseC. whichD. when【答案】C6.The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A. in itB. inC. in thatD. in which【答案】B7. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ________ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now.A. whereB. whenC. thereD. which【答案】A8. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________ they can see themselves differently.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where9. It is broadcast on TV that the 88th Academy Award Ceremony was held in Dolby Theatre seats an audience of approximately 4000.A. whereB. whoseC. whichD. when【答案】C10. Many universities share teaching resources online, creating a learning spacebenefits life-long learners.A. howB. whatC. whichD. where【答案】C11.Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when【答案】B12. Many children, ________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.A. theirB. whoseC. of themD. with whom【答案】B13. My friend showed me round the town, ________ was very kind of him.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it14. Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with asweet smile.A. whoB. whichC. whenD. that【答案】B15.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. whichB. it’sC. whoseD. whom 【答案】C16.Could you show me the mobile phone you'd like ________?A. to repair itB. repairing itC. to have repairedD. having it repaired【答案】C17.On her birthday, she received a nice present from her parents ________ a note was attached, saying "We love you so much."A. thatB. to whichC. in whichD. which【答案】B18.Many college students are willing to work in Western China after graduation _______, poor and backward as it is, more opportunities of employment are available.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. which【答案】A19.Two blocks beyond the school is a field ______ we often played football during childhood.A. whoB. whichC. whenD. where【答案】D20.There is no easy way to remember prepositions, as it is one area of English____ the rules seem very irregular.A. thatB. whereC. whoseD. which【答案】B21.The old bank, _____ appearance is not a pretty sight, is extremely beautiful on the inside.A. whoseB. whereC. whenD. which【答案】A22.Creating a n atmosphere ______ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.A. whereB. whoseC. thatD. which【答案】A23. Life is like a long race ________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. whyB. whatC. thatD. where【答案】D24. She’ll never forget her stay there, ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when【答案】D25. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.A. ifB. whenC. whichD. since【答案】B26.My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.A. thatB. whoseC. hisD. who【答案】B27.I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.A. whoseB. whyC. whereD. which【答案】A28.Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.A.of whichB. of themC. of whomD. of those【答案】C29.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved.A. whomB. whichC. whatD. that【答案】B30.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when【答案】D【情境感知-语法填空】1. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ________showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.【答案】that/which2. To this day, Kevin Hart still recalls the exact moment he learned this lifelong lesson, he says came about one afternoon…【答案】which3. This is youth, is indeed an endless cycle from familiarity to strangeness and from strangeness to familiarity.【答案】which4.When leaders are late, it sends an irresponsible message to employees, may decrease their work enthusiasm.【答案】which5. The report has also drawn criticism, with some scientists arguing that the data on ______it is based is not wide【答案】which6.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden，it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it．【答案】where7.Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, is not good for the health．【答案】which8. But Sarah, has taken part in shows along with top models wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty【答案】who9.Hua Mulan, story has been told by generations in China, is a fighter from the Northern Wei Dynasty(386-534).【答案】whose10. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market people from the town met regularly. 【答案】where11. The Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms, one of is Start of Winter ( 立冬) , the 19th solar term of the year. 【答案】which12. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-whenthe government started a soil-testing program ________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers【答案】that/which13.Many westerners ________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.【答案】who/that14.But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild．【答案】when15. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks．【答案】who16.I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.【答案】that/which17. The boy, Leon Ashworth, lives in Liverpool, England with his mom, first saw his beloved ‘Panda’ at an Asda supermarket,【答案】who18. With so many nootropic products available, each of has thepotential to help or harm your health, your doctor can help you figure which one may be best for you.【答案】which19.A lot of films have tried to describe the afterlife and our memories of family members have passed away.【答案】who/that20.The renaissance was a time Europe started to develop its arts and sciences again.【答案】when【情境感知-改错】1.As a 17-year-old boy, which loves animals very much, I’ve been dreaming of being devoting to animal protection.【答案】which→who2.I can well remember his first speech which was titled A Real Test in My Life at the age of 9!【答案】which→that3.Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.【答案】they改为that或which4. Later, my teacher, she realized my problem, had the face-to-face talkwith me.【答案】she→who5.The first European explorers found Kangaroo Island uninhabited, that evidenced by the lack of campfires and tamed animals.【答案】that→as6.I learned much about British culture and history in London, where was my favorite．【答案】where→which7. Twenty is the age in where one should feel filled with strong and energy.【答案】去掉in8.The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favourite.【答案】what→that/which或去掉what9. Having tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that mig ht not be served until 8 o’clock at night.【答案】that改为which10. (2013·新课标II卷) The book I’m reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain.【答案】去掉of11.They also had a small pond which they raised fish.【答案】which前面加in或者将which改为where12.In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in theirgarden, that is on the rooftop of their house.【答案】that改为which。
(精校版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习题(含答案)
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定语从句讲解一．基本介绍❶功能：相当于adj，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
❷位置：被修饰词之后❸先行词：被定语从句修饰的词关系词用法成份例句that人、物主、宾Is he the man that wants to see you？who人主Is he the man who wants to see you?whom谁+N主、宾He is the man whom I saw yesterday?whose谁的+N定语Please pass me the book whose cover isgreen。
which哪个、物主、宾This is the house which we bought lastmonth。
关系代词as正主、宾、表As we all know，smoking is harmful toone’s health.when 什么时候There are occasions when(on which）aremust yield。
where 地点哪里Beijing is the place where(in which) Iwas born。
关系副词why表原因介词+whichIs this the reason why（for which） herefused our offer？❹关系词：连接先行词与从句的词称为关系词。
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高考英语二轮语法巩固-《定语从句》专题讲练【正误比对】误区之一关系代词that与which的误用(1)【误】All the books which were borrowed from the library must be returned on time.【正】All the books that were borrowed from the library must be returned on time. [分析] which改为that。
当定语从句的先行词被all, some, any, no, few等修饰时,关系代词用that。
句意:所有从图书馆借出的书必须按时归还。
(2)【误】He lives in the room, the window of that faces the south.【正】He lives in the room, the window of which faces the south.[分析] that 改为which。
在“介词+关系代词”型的定语从句中,指物时,关系代词用which不用that;指人时,关系代词用whom不用which。
表示所有格关系时,一律用whose,the window of which相当于whose window。
(3)【误】Dinner starts with a small dish, that is often called a starter.【正】Dinner starts with a small dish, which is often called a starter.[分析] that 改为which。
在非限制性定语从句中,用which而不用that。
误区之二关系代词与关系副词的误用(1)【误】I still remember the days when I spent with farmers in the countryside. 【正】I still remember the days (that/which) I spent with farmers in the countryside. [分析] when改为that/which。
先行词是the days,从句动词spent缺少宾语,故用关系代词that/which引导定语从句并作从句宾语。
(2)【误】The big house which the workers used to live is now a teaching building. 【正】The big house where/in which the workers used to live is now a teaching building.[分析] which前加in或改为where。
先行词是the big house,从句结构完整,故用关系副词where引导定语从句并作从句状语,相当于in which。
工人住过的大房子现在是一座教学楼。
误区之三关系代词与普通代词的误用(1)【误】You can also make more Chinese friends, they will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.【正】You can also make more Chinese friends, who will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.【正】You can also make more Chinese friends, and they will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.[分析] they改为who或they前加and。
分析句式结构可知,此处是一个定语从句,从句缺少主语,故用who引导定语从句,指代more Chinese friends。
who will tell you 相当于and they will tell you。
(2)【误】They were deeply moved, most of them were with tears in their eyes. 【正】They were deeply moved, most of whom were with tears in their eyes. 【正】They were deeply moved, and most of them were with tears in their eyes. 【正】They were deeply moved, most of them with tears in their eyes.[分析] them改为whom或most前加and或去掉第二个were。
分析句式可知,此处是“介词+关系代词”型的定语从句,先行词指人,故用whom引导定语从句。
此句还可以改为并列句或独立主格形式。
误区之四关系代词与替代词的重复误用【误】I am writing to make a complaint that the mobile phone which I bought it from your company has a problem.【正】I am writing to make a complaint that the mobile phone which I bought from your company has a problem.[分析] 去掉it。
先行词是the mobile phone, which在从句中作宾语,故it多余。
句意:我写信投诉我在你们公司买的手机有个问题。
误区之五定语从句中主谓不一致的误用(1)【误】Anyone who have questions to ask, please come to my office this afternoon.【正】Anyone who has questions to ask, please come to my office this afternoon. [分析] have改为has。
who指代先行词anyone,故谓语用单数修饰。
句意:有问题要问的人,请今天下午到我办公室来。
(2)【误】This is one of the rooms that was damaged in the fire.【正】This is one of the rooms that were damaged in the fire.[分析] was改为were。
句意:这个房间是那次大火中被烧毁的房间之一。
在one of…结构中,先行词为of后的复数名词或代词,从句谓语用复数形式。
但当先行词是“the only/very one of+复数名词”时,从句谓语则用单数形式。
比较:This is the only one of the rooms that was damaged in the fire.这就是那次大火中唯一一个被烧毁的房间。
误区之六关系代词或副词的缺失错误【误】There are many people think that wealth is better than health.【正】There are many people who/that think that wealth is better than health. 【正】There are many people thinking that wealth is better than health.[分析] think前加who/that或think改为thinking。
此句是there be句型,故判断“think that…”用作定语;先行词是people,从句缺少主语,故用who/that引导定语从句,相当于现在分词thinking。
【考点归纳】考点一关系代词引导的定语从句规则1that,which引导的定语从句that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语,作宾语或表语时可省略;which指物,在定语从句中作主语和宾语,作宾语时,在限制性定语从句中可省略。
另外,which可用来指代前面句子的部分或全部内容。
①The little problems that/which we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.我们在日常生活中遇到的那些小问题有可能会成为伟大发明的灵感。
②China Today attracts a worldwide readership,which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.《今日中国》吸引了世界各地的读者,这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。
[温馨提示] 下列情况只用that不用which:①先行词是all,something,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,few等不定代词;②先行词被all,any,every,no,little,much,some等词修饰;③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词;④先行词被the only,the very(正是,恰是),the last修饰;⑤先行词中既有人也有物;⑥在which或who引导的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句。
规则2who,whom,whose引导的定语从句who和whom指人,who在定语从句中作主语;whom在定语从句中作宾语,在限制性定语从句中可省略。
在口语中可用who代替whom;whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语,指物时可用of which代替,指人时可用of whom代替。
①Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields.有些在语言学习上很有成就的人,在其他领域常常一无所成。
②My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.我大儿子目前在纽约,他的工作让他全世界到处跑。
考点二关系副词引导的定语从句先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词,从句中缺少状语时用关系副词when,where,why。