人教版新目标高考英语第二轮语法专题复习八
高考英语二轮复习专题强化卷：专题八 阅读理解七选五说明类附答案解析
高考英语高三英语二轮复习专题训练强化卷《七选五说明类》（90分钟 100分）一、七选五1.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live?①__________We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. ②__________Mental exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. ③__________If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.④__________According to some psychologists, if parents are always tellinga child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “⑤__________”A.A healthy body contributes to one's intelligence.B.Parents should also be careful about what they say to young children.C.What people want to express is like this.D.The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent.E.It needs exercise.F.You are such a smart child.G.These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.2根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
【最新】高中英语人教版高考英语语法学案：专题八 情态动词和虚拟语气
情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态度等，是中学英语语法的重点，也是高考的热点，是单项填空必考的一个知识点。
情态动词在近五年高考中主要考查四点：情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词表达“情感、态度、语气等”；情态动词表示“必要性”等方面的用法。
虚拟语气的考点主要集中在名词性从句、条件句中的用法，以及错综条件句中虚拟语气的应用。
一、情态动词表推测的用法has gone toShanghai. B:It must beMr. Wang.He looks likeourheadmaster.②That maynot be true.③Hecouldn'thavediscoveredthe truth.—When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They ________ be ready by 12：00.A．can B．should C．might D．need【解析】B A项表示推测时常用于否定句和疑问句中。
C项表示推测语气不太肯定。
should意为“按理说，理应”，既回答了顾客的询问，不失礼貌，又为照片有可能尚未洗好，顾客到时取不到留下了回旋的余地，体现了店主的精明与用词经过仔细推敲。
二、情态动词的其他用法1．can, could, may, mightcould/ might。
2.must, should3. need, dare4.shall/will/would4.shall/will/would4.shall/will/would二、情态动词＋have done四、虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
1．虚拟语气在条件句中的用法If it were to rain tomorrow, I should not drive my car. 如果明天下雨的话，我就不开车了。
高考英语 考点突破Unit2 阶段语法聚焦 大纲人教版选修8
一、介词的分类
1．按介词的意义分类
(1)地点介词
in 在……里面
on
在……表面上
at 在…… above 在……上方
Байду номын сангаас
among 在……中间 between 在……之间
over 在……上方 near 在……附近
outside 在……外面 inside 在……里面
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before 在……前面 behind 在……后面
(2)表示具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕，常用on。
on Wednesday morning 星期三的早晨
on Christmas Eve 圣诞节前夕
on a rainy night 在一个下雨的夜晚
(3)at 用于表示钟点、黎明、正午、黄昏的名词前。
at seven 七点钟
at noon 在中午
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有些时间名词前不接介词，如：next day，last Sunday，that morning，these years，some day，one day，yesterday afternoon，the night before... 2．时间介词till，until，to，before，by (1)till/until 与延续性动词连用一般用于肯定句中，与非延续性动词连用一 般用于否定句中。在句首或在强调句型中一般不用till而用until。 She waited for me till 12 o'clock.她等我到十二点。 He didn't go back till/until 10 o'clock last night. 昨天晚上他直到十点才回家。
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二、介词短语的句法功能 介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。 This machine is in bad condition.这台机器状况不好。(表语) He is a man of strong character. 他是一个个性倔强的人。(定语) We will meet at the station.我们会在火车站碰头。(状语) She always thinks herself above others. 她总认为自己高人一等。(宾补)
2022版高考英语(江苏专用)二轮复习 第二部分 语法 专题八 Word版含答案
专题八名词性从句考点1what引导的名词性从句1．A ship in harbor is safe，but that’s not________ships are built for.(2021·安徽，25)A．what B．whom C．why D．when2．If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate ________ is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.(2021·浙江，6)A．what B．who C．that D．whoever3．Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for ________ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.(2021·陕西，19)A．what B．that C．why D．how4．—What a mess! You are always so lazy!—I’m not to blame，mum.I am ________ you have made me.(2022·江苏，26)A．how B．what C．that D．who考点归纳what引导的名词性从句是历年高考的热点，what在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语等。
What can be done today can’t be put off till tomorrow.今日能做的事不要推到明天去做(今日事今日毕)。
Computers can only give out what has been stored in them.计算机只能供应贮存在它里面的信息。
This is what we have been doing these days.这就是我们近日来始终在做的事。
(广东专用)高考英语 大二轮总复习测试 语法专题 专题八 定语从句
专题八定语从句Ⅰ.用which/as填空1．Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt，________ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.2．When I looked into their eyes，I found they didn't care，________ told me it would be useless.But when I looked into yours，I saw kindness.3．Jim passed the driving test，________ surprised everybody in the office.4．________ is often the case，we have worked out the production plan.5．________ is mentioned above，paper is first made in China.6．Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others，________，of course，made the others envy him.7．________ is reported in the newspapers，talks between the two countries are making progress. 8．The result of the experiment was very good，________ we hadn't expected.答案 1.which 2.which 3.which 4.As 5.As 6.which 7．As8.which/asⅡ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1．With hundreds of attractions，Beijing is a city________ makes a lasting impression on its visitors.2．Naturally a smile in________ the eyes participate is extremely communicative.3．It's said to be a case of murder________ the children were used by adults.4．Eleven people got killed in the accident，of ________ the identities haven't been available. 5．After visiting Harbin，most of the foreign friends said they would never forget the time________ they had spent.6．Suddenly I heard a man shouting at a driver，________ car was blocking the street. 7．Have you ever dreamed of staging a concert，at ________ thousands of people are applauding and appreciating your music?8．He met Rachel at her college graduation ceremony in 2008，________ he was later to marry. 9．Spelling Bee is a contest________ competitors，usually children，are asked to spell as many words as possible.10．Children who are not active or________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. 11．Jennifer is always absent from school，________ I suppose is why she is blamed now and then. 12．________ is often the case with human beings，many animals sleep a lot when young，but sleep much less when they get older.13．They told me they had just arrived at the last destination________ you went to last year. 14．As a single mother of three children，she has very little time ________she can spare to develop her own interest.15．She suggests another approach，one，I think，________ suits us better.答案 1.which /that 2.which 3.where 4.whom 5．that 6.whose7.which8.whom 9.where10.whose 11．which12.As13.that14.that15.that在下列空格中填入适当的关系词AM: Hello，I have just seen your advertisement __1__ you rent your house.You haven't rented it out yet，have you?W: No，I haven'e in and have a look.M: Thank you.W: It's just a simple room __2__ my son used to live.Now he is grown and long gone，and my husband __3__ I loved deeply died last year，I thought maybe I'd take in a roomer __4__ can share the rooms with me.M: A nice，quiet house.That's what I'm looking for.W: This way，Sir.M: Oh，this is a very pleasant room __5__ is suit able for me.How much is the rent?W: Fifty dollars a week.I won't charge you anything for electricity，gas and heat.Oh，yes，you can use the kitchen and refrigerator too，__6__ are rather big for me.M: Well，I like this place very much.But，__7__ is known to you，my government doesn't give me much money.So you know what I mean.W: Oh，yes.You seem like a very nice young man.What about 40?M: That's good，Mrs.Price.答案 1.that 2.where/in which 3.whom 4.who 5.that/which 6.which7.AsBDo you know the man __1__ wrote this book？He was Jason，one of the engineers __2__ came from Russia in the 1950s.He worked in the same factory __3__ my father once worked.When he came to China，the first thing __4__ he did was to visit the factory __5__ did research on trolleybuses and found out the reason __6__ China was so backward in it.Then he spent every minute __7__ he could spare to help China develop transportation.__8__ is mentioned above，Jason was a foreigner __9__ made great contributions to our country and was a kind man __10__ we should say thanks.答案 1.who 2.who 3.where 4.that 5.which/that 6.why7.that8.As9.who/that 10.to whomⅠ.根据上下文和括号中的提示，用定语从句完成句子In our school，there are various kinds of activities，1.________________(我们非常喜欢它们)．Playing football and reading stories are my favorites 2.________________(它们对我有许多好处)．Besides building my body and enriching my knowledge，they also free me from the heavy work or study.From my point of view，if there is an activity 3.________________(是你感兴趣并适合你)，you should participate in it,4.________________(它不仅能使你的学校生活丰富多彩，还能提高你的交际能力)．答案 1.which we enjoy very much 2.which do me lots of good 3.which interests and suits you 4.which will not only enrich your school life，but also improve your ability to communicate with othersⅡ.完成句子1．—How do you like the book?—It's quite different from the one ________(我上周读的那本)．2．—Do you have anything to say for yourselves?—Yes，there is one point________ (我们必须坚持)．3．—Where did you have the discussion with Professor Snow?—It was in the classroom________(我们昨天上生物课) .4．Soon children in the camp had many new friends，______ (他们分享食物)，stories，and projects.5．________ (正如报告所显示的那样)，teenager problems are often connected with family life education.6．The road construction is based on the agreement，______ (它的一个目标) is to ensure its completion on time.7．Meizhou Island is such a beautiful place of interest ________ (每一个人都喜欢参观的)．8．________(我们众所周知)，our government has spared no efforts to control food prices. 9．Gone are the days________ (我们一起度过的) in the mountainous village.10．With the development of agriculture，the people______ (在他们的村庄) I taught are now living a happy life.答案 1.that/which I read last week 2.that/which we must insist on 3.where we had a biology lesson yesterday 4．with whom they shared food 5.As is shown in the report 6．one of whose purposes7.as every one likes to visit8.As is known to us9.when we spent together10.in whose village。
人教版高中英语语法八——动词词义辨析
语法复习九：动词词义辨析动词是是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，单项填空、完形填空和改错等三项题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。
动词辨义主要指：1、形状相同的动词之间辨义。
如：lie, lay; hanged, hung; rise, raise; sit, seat等。
2、意义相近的动词之间辨义。
如：borrow, lend; speak, say, talk; hope, wish等。
3、动词与其它词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。
如：advise, advice; cost, worth; pass, past 等。
4、意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的辨义。
如：explain, say; discover, invent, uncover; find, find out等。
5、某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。
如：ask, give, call, make, find, get, keep, want, see, hear等。
6、某些常用动词短语的辨义。
如：give in, give up, turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up等。
（一）易混动词中文原形过去式过去分词现在分词说明放lay laid laid laying 及物动词躺lie lay lain lying 不及物动词说谎lie lied lied lying 不及物动词1、lay（放）, lie（躺）与lie（说谎）：这三个易混动词构成见下表：2、rise和raise：rise是不及物动词，其过去式是rose，过去分词是risen，而raise是及物动词，是规则动词。
3、hear与listen to：hear侧重点是听到，听见什么，而listen to是侧重于听的倾向，但hear用于无意中的听见，而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。
4、see, watch和look：see用作看电影，剧目；watch则用作看电视比赛，而watch还有在旁观看之意。
高考英语二轮辅导： 专题一 语法主导下的语法填空与短文改错 专题学案(八) 定语从句
从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填 关系代词which。
常 考 点 1
常 考 点 2
综合演练 提能
定语从句
结 束
2．(2017· 全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, ________ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her education.
解析： that/which 句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可 能是伟大发明的灵感来源。根据句意并分析句子结构可知， “________ we meet in our daily lives”为定语从句，修饰先行 词problems，且从句缺少宾语，所以用关系代词that/ which引 导定语从句。
常 考 点 1
常 考 点 2
综合演练 提能
定语从句
结 束
4．(2017· 天津高考改编)My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.
解析： whose 句意：我的大儿子的工作需要他奔波于世界
常 考 点 1
常 考 点 2
综合演练 提能
定语从句
结 束
10．The shelter, ______ is designed for the thousands of traders and shoppers at Bangkok' s night market, has become an attraction itself.
高考英语二轮复习语法突破 专题八 动词的时态语态(含答案)
语法复习专题八动词的时态、语态I、时态重点难点解析高考中通常是把时态和语境结合起来考查。
题干中往往没有明确的时间状语，需要考生搜索出时间参照信息。
英语有16种时态，中学阶段常用的是10种。
一、动词的基本形式一览表1. 一般过去时和现在完成时1）一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，常和表过去的时间状语连用，即仅谈过去，不关现在。
I wrotea letter this morning. (只说明写了一封信的事实)2）现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或状态，但和现在有联系，可能刚结束，也可能继续下去。
不能和表过去的时间状语连用，译成汉语时可加“已经”。
I have written a letter this morning. (我已经写了一封信，有继续写第二封的可能，现在还是早上。
)2. 一般过去时和过去进行时1）一般过去时侧重于说明发生某动作的事实。
It rained heavily last night.昨晚雨下得很大。
(强调下雨，并不强调持续时间)2）过去进行时侧重于强调某动作的持续过程或表示动作在进行。
It was raining cats and dogs last night昨晚整整一夜都在下倾盆大雨。
(强调没停，一直持续)3. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时1) 现在完成时在含义上着重表示动作的结果。
I have read that book. (已读完)2）现在完成进行时着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性。
I have been reading that book all the morning.( 还没读完)注：It is/was +时间段since从句（从句的谓语动词如果是持续性动词：表示自从某人不做某事已多久了：It is/was +时间段since从句（从句的谓语动词如果是短暂性动词：表示自从某人做某事以来已多久了：Eg: It is ten years since he came here. 他来这儿已10年了。
2014高考英语二轮_语法篇专题：专题8__情态动词和虚拟语气
表示推测(客观推测)to be home by now.
Dared he break the traffic regulations again？ She doesn’t dare to stay at home alone at night.
过去情况 的推测
情态动词 + have It must/may/might/could have rained last night. The ground is +过去分词 wet. The door was locked. He can (could) not/may (might) not have been at home. Can/Could he have gotten the book?
表示过去的习惯动作，没有“现 已无此习惯”的含义 During the vacation he would visit me every week. It would be about ten when he left home.
表示估计和猜想
【考点一】考查表示能力的情态动词 情态动词can和could可以表示能力；be able to do强调设法成功完 成某一具体动作(相当于manage to do/succeed in doing)。 If it were not for the fact that she can’t sing, I would invite her to the party. 【即学即练】 单项填空 ①The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out. A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could 解析:选C。考查情态动词。have to不得不； would表示意愿或过 去常常；could倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力；be able to 表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。根据句意，选 C。
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解8---非谓语动词(解析版)
高考英语复习语法知识专题讲解专题八非谓语动词2．寻找逻辑主语寻找逻辑主语，，确定逻辑主语与所给动词之间的关系非谓语动词虽然不能作谓语，但仍具有动词的特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就是逻辑主语。
分析非谓语动词与其逻辑主语(逻辑上的动作执行者)之间是主动关系还是被动关系(也就是看其逻辑主语是动作的发出者还是承受者)。
如果逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间是主谓关系，则用现在分词形式。
如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用过去分词形式。
但是当含有被动意义时，如果非谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生，则用动词不定式的被动式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作正在进行，则用现在分词形式的被动式。
[例2] The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras (return) to our shop for quality problems. [分析]returned句意：生产厂商定期来收集因质量问题而被退回到我们商店的相机。
句中已有谓语动词comes，因此设空处应为非谓语动词形式；且动词return与其逻辑主语the cameras之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填returned。
3．分析所给动词表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作发生的先后顺序非谓语动词所发生的时间是一个相对时间，即相对应谓语动词的动作发生的时间而言。
非谓语动词的形式不同，所指时间的含义也不同。
根据非谓语动词与谓语动词的动作发生的先后顺序确定用一般式还是完成式。
如to have done, having done表示该动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前；to be doing, doing表示该动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
[例3] (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.[分析]Having worked考生容易误认为在句首设题，应填to work表示目的。
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I want a small room to live in. / 3）不定式作感官动词和部分使役动词
意义基本 相同
两 者 意义相反 都 可 以
意义不同
常用动词 hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resist, consider can’t help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to, adapt to begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue （接不定式多指具体的动作，接动 名词多指一般或习惯行为）
专题八 非谓语动词
I 、重点难点解析
非谓语动词的高考命题导向： 非谓语动词是高考的重点， 考查立意较低， 主要考查非谓语动 词的一般用法和含义，但是题目的设计注重了情景化，结构较为复杂。 一 非谓语动词的分类、构成及功能一览表
非谓语形式
不定式
现在分词 分 词
过去分词 动名词
构成
时态和语态
否定式
to do, to
五 特别提示
1. 关于不定式 1）不定式作介词宾语时，如前面有实义动词
省 to。
do（各种形式） ，则不定式不带 to；否则不能
He did nothing all the morning but watch TV . He said nothing but to sleep. 2）不定式作定语时，如果不定式与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系，且不定式的动词是 不及物动词，记住别漏掉介词。
类别
常见动词
与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概 念
ask, beg, expect, get,
order, tell, want, wish,
不 定 encourage
主谓关系。强调动作将see, watch,
hear, feel, let, make
现在 分词
过去 分词
be doing,
to have to be done,
done
to have been
to have
done
been
doing
doing,
being done,
having
having been
done
done
done
在 to, 动名词及
分词前 +not/never
doing, having done
need, want, require （接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被 动形式） stop to do 停止手中事，去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事
remember/forget/regret to do （指动 go on to do （接着做另外一件事）
作尚未发生） remember/forget/regret go on doing （接着做同一件事）
具有副词、形容词的作 用，在句中作 定语 、表语 、 状语、宾补（常用在 see, find, feel, keep, get, have 等动词之后） 具有名词的作用， 在句中 作主语、 定语、 表语 、宾 语、
二 作宾语的非谓语动词比较
情况 只接不定式作 宾语的动词 只接动名词作 宾语的动词或 短语
notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have, feel （即：感官动词和使役 动词）
主谓关系。强调动作正在进 行，尚未完成
动宾关系。动作已经完成，多 强调状态
例句
1) I expect them to win the game. 2) I heard him call me several times.
I found her listening to the radio. We found the village greatly changed.
四 现在分词和过去分词的用法对比
分 类 现在分词
过去分词
项目
意义
表示主动意义
表示被动意义
例句
1 I can hear him singing. 2 I can hear the song sung in English.
being done, having been
done
复合 结构 for sb. to do sth.
sb. ’s dong
特征和作用
具有名词、 副词和形容词 的作用，在句中作主语、 定语 、表语 、宾语、状语、 宾补（在 let, make, see, feel, notice 等动词后做宾 补时不带 to）
动作 语义
所表示的动作一 般在进行中
所表示的动作多 已完成
China is a developing country while America is a developed one.
意思为“令人 … ” 意思为“感到 … ” It is an exciting match, so we are excited.
doing （指动作已经发生）
try to do （设法，努力去做， ） try mean to do（打算做，企图做）
doing （试试做，）
mean doing（意思是，意味着）
can’t help (to) do （不能帮忙做） can’t help doing （忍不住要做）
三 非谓语动词作宾语补足语的区别