高考英语语法专题复习：定语从句
高考英语复习6.定语从句（语法）
高考英语复习6.定语从句（语法）语法讲座：定语从句一、先行词、关系代词和关系副词1．先行词(antecedent)就是被定语从句所修饰的名词。
在英语中，定语从句跟在被修饰词之后，所以被修饰词就是“先行”的词。
2．连接定语从句，要用关系代词(relative pronoun)和关系副词(relative adverb)。
关系代词和关系副词与连接词不完全相同，因为它们除了连接主句和定语从句，还在定语从句中代替一定的成分。
二、关系代词1．who先行词是“人”，在从句中代替主语。
注意：代替从句中的主语，who不能省略。
who的单复数由先行词决定。
但是要注意“one of +先行词”与“the only one of +先行词”的情况。
2．whom先行词是“人”，在从句中代替宾语。
whom在从句中经常可以省略，但如果在介词后面，则不能省。
3．which先行词是“物”，在从句中可以代替主语或宾语。
which代替主语时，不能省略，它的单复数由先行词决定。
which 代替宾语时则经常省略，但如果在介词后面，那么也不能省略。
which的先行词有时还可以是前面的整个句子，这时它总是看成单数，也不能省略。
4．that先行词可以是“人”，也可以是“物”，在从句中可以代替主语或者宾语。
that代替主语时，不能省略，代替宾语时则经常省略。
that不能用在介词之后。
在以下三种情况时，我们一般不用关系代词who, whom, 和which，而只用that：1）先行词是不定代词如anything, something, all等词，或由all, every, little, any, much, the very 等词所修饰；2）先行词前有最高级形容词或序数词所修饰；3）先行词是由and连接的两个词，分别指“人”和“物”。
5．whose先行词可以是“人”，也可以是“物”，在从句中代替定语。
whose不能省略。
如果先行词是“物”，我们也可以用sth. of which代替whose。
牛津译林版英语高考英语语法专题复习：定语从句归纳拓展讲解
牛津译林版英语高考英语语法专题复习：定语从句归纳拓展讲解语法专题一定语从句定语从句在句中作定语，修饰名词或代词。
被修饰的名词或者代词被称为先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词被称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词，它们在先行词和定语从句之间起引导作用，在意义上代替先行词，在定语从句中充当一个成分。
其基本解题方法是：第一，找出先行词；第二，看先行词在定语从句中充当的成分，作主语、宾语、表语或定语时要用关系代词，如果作状语，则要选用关系副词；第三，看先行词是否为特殊词，然后根据需要选用合适的关系词。
考点一关系代词与关系副词的区别关系代词有who，whom，which，tha t和whose，另外，as 也可充当关系代词。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
关系副词有when，where 和why，在定语从句中充当状语。
1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.2．whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。
Mr Liu is the person（wh o m）you talked about just now.3．which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
The book which he gave me is very interesting.4．that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
She is the pop star（that）I want to see very much.5．whose 可指人或物，修饰名词或代词，在定语从句中充当定语。
“whose＋名词”可改为“the＋名词＋of which/whom”或“ofwhich/whom the＋名词”。
The house whose windows are very large is my uncle's.＝The houseof which the windows are very large is my uncle's.6．as 可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
高考英语语法专题：定语从句
4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.
5.He is the only man that I want to see.
6.Who is the man that is making a speech?
高考英语语法专题：定语从句
I.定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
关系词
先行词
从句成分
例句
备注
关系代词
who
人
主语
Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?
Do you know the time when the class is over?你知道下课的时间吗？（定语从句）
It was already five o’clock when the class was over.
=When the class was over, it was already five o’clock.
可用on which
where
地点
地点状语
This is the house where I was born.
可用in which
why
原因
原因状语
I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.
高中英语语法复习专题讲解-定语从句
高中英语语法复习专题讲解-定语从句一、考点聚焦1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。
数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。
（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。
必须注意两点：①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。
This is the place which is worth visiting.②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。
There are many places we can visit（them）in China.4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。
关系副词：when, where, why。
that偶尔也作关系副词。
5、确定关系词的步骤（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。
（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
6、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which（1）先行词被①形容词最高级②序数词③数词几种词修饰或被④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。
（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。
（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。
He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.（4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。
高考英语语法复习——定语从句
定语从句
1 英语和汉语中定语从句有什么区别？
观察意义对等的英汉句子，找出句子的对应部分 People,A who take medicine to lose weight,B are
most likely to harm their health,C. 服用药物减肥的,a 人,b 很可能损害他们的健康,c。
“两定”：判定先行词与从句谓语动词的关系→ 确定关系代词或关系副词(兼顾人/物)。如先行词在 从句中作主语，表语，宾语，定语(先行词与谓语动 词无直接关系，先行词与其后的名词有所属关
3
系)，主补，或宾补，用关系代词；如先行词在从句 中作状语，用关系副词；
“一证”：把定语从句还原成独立的句子，验证 其句子结构的完整性。
【解析】先行词为the school，定语从句为I visited the headmaster ten years ago，从句的谓语动词为visited ，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用where或in which。
3
6. This is the school___th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h_/_省__略__ I worked in ten years ago.
【解析】先行词为the school，定语从句为I visited ten years ago，从句的谓语动词为visited，先行词在从 句中作visited的宾语，因先行词为物，故引导词用that， which或省略。
3
2. This is the school_W_h_e_r_e_/i_n_w__h_ic_h_ I worked ten years ago.
【答案】 A—b; B—a; C—c。
1
英语中定语从句放修饰词后，作后置定语，以 引导词作为标志；汉语中定语从句放修饰词前，以“ 的”为 标志。
高考英语专项定语从句语法详解以及练习题
高考英语专项定语从句语法详解以及练习题定语从句确实是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，同时作定语修饰主句中某一名词或代词（一）定语从句一样由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as2、关系副词：when, where, why关系代词和关系副词必须位于主句先行词之后，定语从句之首，，起着连接先行词和定语从句的作用，同时在从句中又充当句子成分。
先行词：定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
She is the girl who/that lives next door. 她确实是住在隔壁家的女孩。
关系代词that 人/物主语宾语Which 物主语宾语Whom 人宾语Who 人主语宾语Whose 人/物定语As 人/物主语宾语先行词在定语从句中作的语法成分关系副词when 时刻名词状语Where 地点名词状语Why 缘故reason 状语关系副词when（指时刻，在定语从句中作时刻状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指缘故，在定语从句中作缘故状语）。
who, whom, whose, which, that, as的使用先行词指人，在定语从句中作主语，用who/that,同时不能省略She is the girl who/that lives next door. 她确实是住在隔壁家的女孩。
先行词指人，在定语从句中作宾语，用whom/who/that,能够省略That is the girl whom/who/that I teach. 那个确实是我教的女孩。
先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语，用which/that,同时不能省略The work that/which has just been finished is very important. 刚刚完成的那份工作专门重要。
先行词指物，在定语从句中作宾语，用which/that,能够省略This is the book which/that I want to read. 这确实是我想读的一本书。
高中英语语法专题：定语从句
高中英语语法专题：定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略) who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语whom 指人在从句中作宾语whose 指人或物在从句中作定语as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词2、as 的用法(1)常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个the same…that 表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。
Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。
注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。
3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng.二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
高考英语语法之从句讲义：定语从句精讲
高考英语语法之从句讲义：定语从句精讲充当定语的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词(the antecedent).定语从句由关系代词: who, whom, which, 关系形容词whose 和关系副词when, where, why引导，关系词除了起连接从句和名词的作用外，还作从句的句子成分。
1.限制性定语从句Who的先行词是人，作定语从句的主语：This is the man who will give us a talk tomorrow.Whom的先行词是人，作定语从句的宾语：This is the man whom I talked about the other day.Which 的先行词是物，作从句的主语和宾语Here is a book which may be helpful in you English study.This is the book which I like best.上述例句都可改用that.Whose是个关系形容词，在从句中作定语。
A teacher is a person whose duty is to teach.When, where, why 分别作从句的时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。
He will never forget the day when the accident took place.This was the room where we studied.Do you know the reason why he was late?2.非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词（许多是专有名词），也可以是整个主句，它对先行词不加限定，只起附加说明作用，如果没有，也不影响句意和语法结构。
非限定性定语从句和先行词书写时有逗号断开。
Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.She was late again, which was annoying.区分限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句很重要。
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只是对先行词做补充说明,与先行词 的关系也比较松散。
常用逗号与主句隔开，如果省略,原 句意义仍然完整。
引导定语从句的关系词
指代人 who, whom, that
指代事物 which, that, as 所属关系 whose, of which/whom 指地点 where 关 系 指时间 when 副 指原因 why 词 关 系 代 词
when _______we joined the Party?
= on which
Blank-filling : where/ in which This is the factory _____________ my father works?
which/that/--This is the factory ______________ we visited last week? why/for which That is the reason ______________you are always late. which/that/--That is the reason _____________he gave us.
D
要点: 引导非限制性定语从句时， as 跟which的区别：
“正如„ 正像„” 句首， 句中， 句末。
as
“这” 句中， which “这件事” 句末。
若关系词指 代前面整句 话，且位于 主句之后， 二者有时候 可以互换.
PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT
D 1.It was raining, _____was a pity. A. what B. that C. the which D. which D 2.______has been said above, grammar is not a set of dead rules. A. Which B. What C. That D. As 3.We do the same work _____ they do. B A. which B. as C. than D. like D 4.The earth is round, _____ is known to us all. A. that B. which C. who D. as
高考英语语法专题复习 之——
定语从句 The attributive clauses
本节课教学内ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ：
• • • • 基础回顾 考点精讲 跟踪练习 真题链接
The attributive clauses
I like the baby who/that is reading .
I like the baby who/that is listening to music .
要点1： 紧跟介词的关 系词，引导定语从句时, 指事物用which, 指人用 whom。
Choose the correct answers:
C 1.Do you know who lives in the building_____ there is a well? A. in front of it B. in front of whose C. in front of which D. in front of that
A. that B. what C. who D. whether
B 2.Is there anything else_____ you require?
A. which B. that C. who D. what
B 3.The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall.
世界上绝没有像你梦想的那样的地方。
I have the same trouble ____ you have. as
我和你有同样的麻烦。
2. 在非限制性定语从句中，as常 用于固
定搭配。
As is known to all/ As we all know 众所周知 As has been said/mentioned before 如前所述 As often happens/ As is often the case 正如经常发生的那样 在此用法中, as所引导的定 语从句可放在主句的句首、 句中、句末。
引导定语从句的词叫 关系词
“ ”
I like the baby who/that is reading .
先行词
关系词
定语从句分类：
定 语 从 句 The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句 The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句
I like the baby whose eyes are big.
I like the baby who/whom/that/--- a famous star is carrying .
基础知识
定语从句: 在复合句中, 修饰某一 名词 或 代词 的从句叫定语从句.
被定语从句所修饰的名词或
代词叫做 “ 先行词 ”.
Choosing : that or which? 1. I have lost my watch, which like _____I very much. 2. Taiwan is part of China, ______ is which known to all of us. 3.Can you lend me the book about which ______ you talked last night?
1.that与which 2.关系副词的用法 3.介词+关系词 4.关系词as的用法 5.定从与其他复合句的区分 6.定从与并列句的区分 7.定语从句主谓一致
.
考点一、
that or which?
Choose the correct answers:
1.This is all____ I know about the matter. A
The accident happened at the time when I left. 限制性定语从句 His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago.非限制性定语从句
定 语 从 句
限 制 性 定 从 非 限 制 性 定 从
对先行词起限定作用,与先 行词关系十分密切。
Choose the correct answers:
1.______was natural, he married Jenny. A. Which B. That C. This D. As A 2.Such signs _____ we use in the experiment ______Greek letters. A. as , are B. as, is C. that, are D. that, is C 3.I passed him a large glass of whisky, _____ he drank immediately . A. that B. as C. which D. who
解析：某些抽象地点名词如：point, stage, situation, case, condition, position, job等做先行词时，定语从 句常用where 引导，表示抽象化的地点。
.
考点三、
介词 +关系词
用适当的关系词填空： This is the machine on which she spent _____ 1000 dollars. Xiao Wang ,with whom I went to the _____ concert, enjoy it very much.
A 2. I’ll never forget the day ____ I first met you. A. on which B. in which C. which D. at which B 3.The woman _____my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B. to whom C. to who D whom
A. which B. that C. who D. whose
6 .Which of the books _____ were borrowed C from him is the best?
A. which B. what C. that D. whose
结论1: 先行词有下列情况时,通常用关 系代词 that：
• 先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等 不定代词时； • 先行词被all, any, every, no, some, little,much等词修饰时 • 先行词是序数词或形容词最高级时或者被序数词或形容词 最高级修饰时； • 先行词被the only, the very(正是,恰是), the last，the right， just修饰时； • 当先行词既有人又有物,定语从句用that 引导 (that既可指 人也可指物)； • 若主句中有疑问代词who, which时，为了避免重复, 关系 代词不再用who,which。
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考点四、
关系词 as 的用法
关系代词as既可以引导限制性定从，也可 以引导非限制性定从，常用于以下情况：
1.先行词有so, such, the same修饰时，后 面的定语从句常用as 引导，as 在从句 中可充当主语，宾语，表语。 as There is no such place ____ you dream of in this world.