英语重点词汇介绍

prove用法prove是个常用动词,也是一个多义动词.由于它的用法比较复杂,现归纳如下一、prove作"证明;证实"解时,用法如下:1.prove+名词/代词He has proved his courage in the battle.他已在作战中证明了他的勇气.This further proved the strength of our economy.这进一步证明了我们的经济实力.Can you prove that?你能证实那一点吗?2.prove+直接宾语(sth.)+to+间接宾语(sb.)The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.困难在于他怎样向其他科学家证实他的想法.Can you prove your theory to us?你能向我们证实你的理论吗?3.prove+宾语+宾语补足语(1)形容词作宾语补足语They proved themselves wise and brave.他们证实自己机智、勇敢.Facts have proved these worries groundless.事实证明,这些忧虑是没有理由的.(2)名词作宾语补足语She proved herself an able secretary.她证实自己是个能干的秘书.He has proved himself a success.他已证明了自己是个成功者.(3)动词不定式作宾语补足语All this proved him to be an honest man.这一切都证明他是一个诚实的人.The experiment proved his theory to be important to our research.实验证明他的理论对我们的研究是重要的.4.prove+宾语从句Galileo proved that the earth and all other planets move around the sun.伽利略证实地球和所有其它的行星都是绕太阳运转的.But Einstein was able to prove that light coming from the stars was bent as it passed the sun.然而爱因斯坦却能证明从恒星来的光线当其经过太阳时变弯曲了.Can you prove where you were on May 10th?你能证实五月十日你在什么地方吗?二、prove作"证明是;结果是;事实说明"解时,用作连系动词,无被动语态，可用于以下句型:1.prove+形容词The handbook proved most useful.这本手册证明很有用.The medicine proved satisfactory.结果证明这药疗效令人满意.2.prove+名词She proved a very strict teacher.结果证明她是一位非常严格的老师.His efforts, however, proved a failure.但他的努力结果都失败了.3.prove+介词短语或副词Perhaps this book will prove of some use to you in your studies.也许这本书会对你的研究有用处.The power station was completed and proved up to standard.这座发电站建成了,证明质量符合标准.4.prove+动词不定式As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.随着时间的推移,爱因斯坦的理论证明是正确的.She may prove to be the most suitable person for the job.结果她可能是最适合干这项工作的人.Lack 的用法n.（名词）“不足”。

通常用“lack+of＋名词”。

a lack of money. 缺乏金钱Her only problem is lack of confidence.Lack of sleep had made him irritable.If he fails it won't be for/through lack of effort (= he has certainly tried).We won't be going on holiday this year - lack of funds, I'm afraid.He can’t endure the lack of food. 没有食物，他再也坚持不下去了。

vt.（及物动词）缺乏；不足；没有①To be entirely without or have very little of.缺乏：根本就没有或仅有一点②To be in need of.需要He just lacks a little confidence.What we lack in this house is space to store things.She lacks patience in dealing with children. （与孩子打交道她缺少耐心。

）We are lacking three members of staff due to illness.(注：说lack不用于进行时是站不住脚的)vi. （不及物动词）还可作“缺乏，短少；不足；需要。

常用进行时①To be wanting or deficient:缺乏：处于匮乏或不足状态：You will not be lacking in support from me.你将得到我的帮助（注：这里把lacking处理为vi.，并没有作为adj.来得简单）②To be in need of something:需要：需要某物：I lacked for nothing.我不需要任何东西She does not lack for friends.They lacked for nothing.他们无所需求（应有尽有）。

[用法拓展]lack 构成的短语有：be lacking:欠缺、缺：be lacking in缺乏（某种品质、特点等）,不够lack for 缺（多用于否定句） Lack+of＋名词：The plants died for lack of water.Lack+名词：We lack the strength to walk any further.lacking adj.1 be lacking If something that you need is lacking, you do not have enough of it:Enthusiasm has been sadly lacking these past months at work.Money was lacking to complete the building.He is lacking in courage. 他缺乏勇气。

Nothing is lacking but the will.什么都不缺，就缺意志。

2 be lacking in sth to not have a quality:He's totally lacking in charm.He is not lacking in intelligence.Philip was not lacking in ability. （菲力普并不缺少能力。

）His reception of us was lacking in warmth.（他对我们的接待缺少热情。

）Since she is young, she is lacking in experience.由于年轻，她缺乏经验。

[练习]1. Many of our young workers ___ proper training.?A. are lacking inB. are lackingC. lack forD. lack in [A]2. We tried to settle the problem with them as soon as possible, but they seemed to____ sincerity.A. lack ofB. be lack ofC. lack inD. be lacking in (D)3. Though________ money, his parents managed to send him to university.A. lackedB. lacking ofC. lackingD. lacked in<解答> Though lacking money是Though they are lacking money的省略句，其中lack是vt.。

4. Keep him at arm's length, as he is a guy being lacking ______ honesty.A. ofB. onC. inD. about (C)5.That was another example of _____ experience.A. a lack ofB. lack fromC. their lack forD. their lack of<解答>.D lack作及物动词时，后面直接用名词或代词做宾语；作不及物动词时常和for连用；作名词时常和of搭配使用。

6.-- What caused the failure of the experiment?-- _____. (C)A. Because of shortage of fundB. For lack of fundC. Lack of fundD. Due to lack of fund7. The boss praised the young man for his hard work, though he ____ experience.A. is lack ofB. is lacking inC. lacks ofD. is lacking of此题答案选B，be lacking in是习语，意为“缺乏”，其后通常接experience, frankness, courage等抽象名词。