【中考英语复习 语法题型高分宝典】专题23 阅读理解 议论文-(原卷及答案)中考英语一轮复习必备
2025年中考备考专题初中英语阅读理解议论文真题精选专项训练
专题2025中考备考初中英语阅读理解议论文真题精选专项训练AWhen considering the kind of experience that makes life better, most people first think that happiness depends on experiencing pleasure: good food, good jobs, all the comforts that money can buy. If we couldn't have these, we might as well sit in front of the television on a quiet evening.Pleasure is an important part of the quality of life, but by itself it doesn't bring happiness. When people think further about what makes a worthy life, they tend (倾向于) to move beyond pleasant memories and begin to remember other events, other experiences that overlap (有重叠) pleasurable ones but fall into a group with a separate name: enjoyment. Enjoyable events take place when people have not only satisfied a need or met some earlier expectation, but also achieved something unexpected.Enjoyment is characterized by a sense of curiosity, of achievement. Playing a tennis game that improves one's ability is enjoyable, as is reading a book that shows things in a new light, as is having a conversation that leads us to express ideas we didn't know we had. None of these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back on them afterwards, we would say, "That really was fun" and wish they would happen again. After an enjoyable event we know that we have changed, and grown.Experiences that give pleasure can also give enjoyment, but the two feelings are quite different. For example, everybody takes pleasure in eating. However, to enjoys food is more difficult—you have to pay enough attention to a meal, so as to sense and tell its various tastes. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure without any psychic energy, while enjoyment happens only as a result of full attention. A person can feel pleasure without any effort, as long as certain parts in his brain are stimulated (刺激). But it's impossible to enjoy a tennis game or a book without full attention. It's for this reason that pleasure does not last long, nor does it make us grow. Growth requires full attention to goals that are new, that are relatively challenging.Without enjoyment, life will go on, and it can even be pleasant. But it depends heavily on luck and the external (外部的) environment. To achieve personal control over the quality of experience, however, we need to learn how to build enjoyment into what happens day in, day out.1.You will most probably experience enjoyment when you ________.A. buy expensive shoesB. order a delicious mealC. talk with friends for new ideasD. sit quietly in front of a television2.What do you know about pleasure and enjoyment from the passage?A. Enjoyment grows out of pleasure.B. Pleasure and enjoyment come hand in hand.C. Pleasurable experiences are part of enjoyable ones.D. Some experiences provide both pleasure and enjoyment.3.The words "psychic energy" in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to ________.A. attentionB. interestC. abilityD. knowledge4.The writer probably agrees that ________.A. feeling pleasure stops people from achieving growthB. feeling enjoyment comes with achieving growthC. a worthy life depends on luck and environmentD. pleasure is the key to a happy and worthy lifeBComputer scientist Mary has an idea for a new robot to help her work with children. How should it look? The robot should have arms to be able to lift things. And if it is going to communicate with people, it will also need a face. Scientists believe that giving a robot a face can make it seem more friendly. Humans would also like to pay more attention to robots with faces. But what kind?For Mary, she wants to make sure that her new robot doesn’t look too much like a human. She wants people to just treat it as a machine-person. If it looks more like a human than a machine, she thinks users might find it a bit creepy and feel afraid. Mary also believes that robot faces don't need to look a lot like ours. Her research shows that we can enjoy communicating with robots whether or not they look like humans, because our brains are able to look for faces. Just put two circles on top of a robot’s body, and we will see a face.Dave feels differently. He believes that although at first we might be afraid when seeing a robot with a lifelike face, we may soon get used to it. If robots are going to work closely with humans, they should look as much like us as possible. After all, faces are an important part of the way we communicate.To make his robots look as much like real people as possible, Dave invented a special skin (皮肤) for their faces. With this skin, robots can show human-like expressions and appear to be angry, sad, happy or surprised. Dave's robots are also programmed to copy expressions. How? Just imagine his robot is looking at you. The cameras in its eyes send pictures of your face to its central computer!5.Why do scientists think a robot needs a face?A. It will become more beautiful.B. It can do better in lifting things.C. It will pay more attention to children.D. It can better communicate with people.6.What does the underlined word "creepy" mean in paragraph 2?A. Uncomfortable to look at.B. Impossible to touch.C. Boring to talk to.D. Difficult to understand.7.Which of the following would Dave most probably agree with?A. People should treat robots as humans.B. Robots need to express their own feelings.C. Robots shouldn't look too much like humans.D. People can easily accept robots with a human face.8.What is the purpose of the passage?A. To explain the reasons why robots should have faces.B. To suggest what humans can do with robots with faces.C. To share ideas on what kind of faces robots should have.D. To show how scientists invent robots with different faces.CIs fake grass better than a living grass lawnWhat do you need to know ？• Fake grass is made from different types of plastics and used in gardens as well as sportsgrounds.• More and more people are using fake grass to replace living grass lawns （草坪） and cover other outdoor spaces.• One company selling fake grass has sold 50% more compared with last year.• Some people think fake grass is bad for wildlife and the environment ，and mustn't be sold. Environment protectors' opinion There has been a large rise in the number of fake lawns.Environment protectors say fake grass lawns destroy （破坏） LAST WEEK'S POLL （投票）Last week ，we asked if fake grass was betterthan a real lawn.Most readers said they preferred the natural kind of green space ，especially becauseit's much better for wildlife.wildlife habitats（栖息地） at a time when we should be trying to improve the environment，which is not friendly to animals，birds or insects like bees which are important to us.However，looking after a garden can be hard work，which not everybody is willing or able to do. Yes—fake grass makesgardening easyFake grass not onlylooks tidier，it's alsoeasier to care for，especially for peoplewho find gardeningdifficult or boring.Fake grass can be sweptand cleaned，but anatural lawn needsmowing （修剪），weeding （除草） andwatering，which takeseffort and isn't alwaysgood for theenvironment.A fake grass lawn looksfresh，bright andcolourful in a shady （背阴的） outdoor space.No—fake grass should be replacedwith real grassGardens bring all kinds of natureinto our lives.Birds can peck （啄食） through lawns for bugs andworms，and underground wildlifewill not be starved of food.Plastic grass also heats up morethan a natural lawn.In warmweather，it can be too hot for bare（光脚的） feet or paws to stand on.Also，there is now no easy way torecycle plastic lawns，so most willend up in rubbish dumps（堆）.One of the best things aboutreal grass gardens is that it'srewarding （值得做的）.You can'tplant flowers on a plasticlawn.Even a tiny real grass lawn—which provides food for birds and ahome for insects，plants and otherwildlife—is better than a fake，plastic one.9.What does the word "fake" mean in the passage？______A. Colourful.B. Unreal.C. Wild.D. Living.10.What do 11% of the readers in the poll probably think of fake grass？______A. It looks untidy and hard to care for.B. It makes gardening difficult or boring.C. It takes effort to mow.weed and water.D. It makes shady space bright.11.What do 89% of the readers in the poll probably think of fake grass？______A. Friendly to wildlife.B. Hot for bare feet in warm days.C. Rewarding.D. Easy to recycle.12.Which is mentioned in the passage？______A. Fake grass can be used indoors too.B. 50% more companies sold fake grass last year.C. Some people think fake grass mustn't be sold.D. Everybody is willing to use fake grass.13.Which is the main idea of the passage？______A. What is fake grass？B. Gardening is hard work.C. Fake grass is better than a living grass lawn.D. People have different opinions about fake grass.DIt is commonly believed that children are too young to fully appreciate （欣赏） the experience and knowledge of their elders，while many think that old people don't understand the young.But actually（事实上），both groups have a lot to learn from each other.James Smith runs the Smith's Care Home in my city.It is mainly an organization（机构） for serving the elderly.But not all of its visitors are old people.The home also includes a childcare center for pre-school kids.There is a playground in the care home，where the elderly can play with the kids.In this way，they can learn more about each other.and respect（尊重） and understand one another.I suppose this is quite an interesting idea.For one thing，we live in a world where there are more and more old people.The world is facing this problem and its population ages.It will be important for young people to be able to understand and care for the elderly in the coming years.Regretfully，my own grandparents weren't around when I was little，as they had already passed away.I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes，or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age.To me，their lives will always be a mystery— hard to understand or explain.However，I think I can still learn from other people of older generations（辈）.I might find some of their ideas out of date，and they might believe that my generation's way of thinking is strange or incorrect.But we can still learn from each other anyway.14.What is special about the Smith's Care Home？______A. It is only a childcare center actually.B. The elderly look after kids carefully there.C. It accepts both the elderly and pre-school kids.15.In the writer's opinion （观点），what problem is the world facing？______A. There are more and more old people.B. The world's population is dropping rapidly.C. The world is short of care homes for old people.16.What does the underlined word "mystery" mean in Paragraph 4？______A. 笑话B. 悲剧C. 谜团17.How does the writer develop his/her idea in this text？______A. By giving examples.B. By listing numbers.C. By raising questions.18.What is the main purpose of the text？______A. To explain why the world's population ages.B. To encourage different generations to learn from each other.C. To show that older generations' ways of thinking are incorrect.E阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。
2020届中考英语重要题型解析汇总：阅读理解之议论文【含答案】
2020届中考英语重要题型解析汇总阅读理解之议论文Many people might think that if they had more money, then they would he happier in life. For example, people might look at what others have, like expensive clothes or nice cars, and wish they could have the same. But the things that money can buy can not bring happiness to a person for long.___①____ But is that really true? Studies have found that money can, in fact, make people happier. __②____ Instead, it’s giving money to others that makes people happy. __③___ It could be buying a present for a friend or a family member. ___④___ It could he buying a homeless person food to eat. It could he giving money to a person in need. Just think about the last time you used your own money to do something for someone else. How did you feel? Whether it is a small or large amount of money. People feel happier when they give. This is because making someone else happy makes the giver happy, too.This idea of connecting your happiness to the happiness of others is described as a ubuntu in an African language. There is even a story about a man visiting Africa who asked some kids to race to a nearby tree. ‘The first child to touch the tree would get a sweet treat. Surprising, all the children held hands and ran together. They all touched the tree at the same time. The man asked why they had done this. ‘The children simply said they could only enjoy eating the treat if everyone had one.1. The writer says that buying things _________.A. can make people worriedB. can make people nervousC. may lead to sadness for longD. may lead to happiness for a short time2. Where can we best put "But its not having money that brings happiness." n Paragraph 2?A. ①B. ②C. ③D. ④3. Why does the writer quote(引用) a story in Paragraph 3?A. To explain Africans like sweets.B. To show examples are not enough-C. To make the writer’s opinion clearer.D. To express happiness is from children.4. What does the writer try to tell us?A. Buying new things can make people happy.B. The key to happiness is making others happy.C. If you want to be happy, you can visit Africa.D. People who have a lot of money might not be happy.【文章大意】很多人都觉得如果他们有更多的钱，他们就会更快乐。
备战中考英语阅读理解专项突破-体裁篇之议论文(含答案)
备战中考英语阅读理解专项突破体裁篇之议论文Passage 1“Life’s a long, long journey,” so we are told, and most of us would not set off on a journey, even a short one, without some ideas of where we wanted to go. Yet many people travel on life’s journey with no sense of direction at all.Setting personal goals can give your life a sense of direction. Goal setting is used by top sports players, successful business people and achievers in all fields. Before you set personal goals, think about what you want to achieve with your life.Try to set goals in some of the following categories (类别):Education—Will you achieve the educational goals after finishing high school? Are you still growing and learning?Family—What kind of relationship do you want with your parents and other family members?Creative—Do you want to achieve any artistic goals?Career—What job do you want to take when you grow up? What do you need to make your dream come true?Public Service—Do you want to make the world a better place?Physical—Are you fit enough to do the things you want to do?Pleasure—How do you want to enjoy yourself?To help make the process more manageable, divide your goals into smaller tasks. For example, if you want to reach a main goal in five years, set a three-year goal, a one-year goal, a three-month goal and a one-month goal. Then create a daily To-Do List of things that you should do today. When a goal is achieved, take the time to enjoy your success. This helps you build the self-confidence.Remember, your goals can be changed as time goes on. But be sure your goals are the things you hope to achieve, not what your parents, family or teachers want.1．According to the passage, why should we set goals?A．To have a better future.B．To enjoy pleasure in life.C．To know where to have a journey.D．To give our life a sense of direction.2．What should you consider when you set a family goal?A．The education you want to get. B．The job to support your family. C．The time you’ll spend reaching your goal.D．The relationship with family members. 3．What’s the best advice to achieve the main goal?A．Dividing your goals into smaller tasks.B．Creating a daily To-Do List of things.C．Building the self-confidence.D．Setting the time to achieve the main goal.4．What can we learn from the passage?A．Once you set your goals, they can’t be changed.B．Not all the people can get success by setting goals.C．Enjoying success in one goal can help you do better in the next one.D．Your goals are the things you and your parents, families or teachers want.5．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A．A long journey. B．Goal setting for life.C．The direction of life. D．Ways to achieve goals.Passage 2Nature and culture are often seen as opposite ideas. What belongs to nature cannot be the result of human activities and on the other hand, cultural development is achieved against nature. However, this is not the only opinion on the relationship between nature and culture. Studies in the development of humans suggest that culture, whether taken as an effort against nature or a natural effort, is part of the development of the human species(物种).Several modern writers saw the process of education as a struggle(斗争) against human nature. We are born with wild natures, such as eating and behaving in a disorganized way or acting selfishly. Education uses culture as a way to get us out of our widest natures; it is thanks to culture that the human species could learn to adapt(适应) , progress and raise itself above and beyond other species.Over the past century and a half, however, studies in the history of human development have shown that the formation of culture is part of the biological adaptation. Consider, for example, hunting(打猎) . It seems to be an adaptation, which allowed humans to move into new and different areas, opening up the opportunity to change living habits. At the same time, the development of weapons(武器) is related to that adaptation-from rocks and stones to a set of hunting tools, and from hunting tools to rules relating to the proper use of weapons. Hunting also seems to be responsible for a whole set of bodily abilities, such as balancing on one foot. Just think of how this very simple thing is closely related to dance, a key expression of human culture. It is then clear that biological development and cultural development are closely tied.The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shells, so do we bring along our culture. However, culture is also passed on among people of the same time or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born from Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speak that language.6．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A．Culture belongs to human nature.B．Nature teaches humans how to adapt.C．Humans are supposed to be well organized.D．Education pushes the human species to progress.7．Why does the writer talk about hunting in Paragraph 3?A．To suggest some possible ways of changing living habits.B．To stress the importance of tools in humans’ struggle for life.C．To show how culture develops as humans adapt to the environment.D．To explain why there is a need to call for the proper use of weapons.8．The word “transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.A．system B．spread C．start D．spirit9．What is the writer’s opinion on the nature-culture relationship?A．Culture and nature are separate yet balanced.B．Culture depends much on nature to progress.C．Nature and culture are different but connected.D．Nature follows the unwritten rules set by culture.Passage 3From an early age, we were taught that if we wanted to be successful, we had to study hard and get good results at school. In fact, good students may just end up doing jobs they don’t like, and some even lead an unhappy life. Why is it like that?In some parents’ eyes, school grades matter most for their kids. In reality, th ere are many things to consider besides the school subjects, for example, how to be a happy person, what to do to keep healthy, and how to get along well with others. That is to say, school is not just enough ifyou want to have a great life.Doing well in school is different from doing well in life. Studies show that people who failed at school may not end up failing in life. You may have already known that some famous people, like Thomas Edison and Steve Jobs, didn’t do very well at school or even failed to finish school. In fact, there are a lot more than just the big shots who are successful in life without finishing school. They seize (抓住) every chance to learn and finally make it to the top.Life is really a long lesson, so long that you can’t define (界定) a person’s success by just one section (部分) of it. If you have already finished school, keep learning because what you have learned at school will never be enough to live a satisfying life. If you are still studying, whether you are good or bad at sc hool, don’t take your school results too seriously as long as you have put your heart into it. Keep learning to make the most of your talents (天赋). That’s how you can live a happy and successful life.10．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing Paragrap h (段落) One?A．To introduce a topic. B．To give examples. C．To provide a solution.11．In some parents’ eyes, what’s the most important for their kids based on Paragraph Two?A．Being happy. B．Staying healthy. C．Getting good grades.12．What does the underlined expression “big shots” in the third paragraph mean?A．好学生B．神枪手C．大人物13．According to the passage, which sentence may agree with the writer’s idea?A．It takes money to be successful.B．School grades aren’t everything.C．Successful people never finish school.14．What can we infer (推断) from the text?A．Old habits die hard.B．Learning is a lifelong journey.C．Good grades always promise a successful life.Passage 4Look at the Earth from space. Why does our planet look so blue? It’s blue because waterc overs almost three quarters of the Earth’s surface. Water is not just an important part of our planet. It is an important part of our body, too. More than half of our total body weight is water.Our body loses water whenever we exercise or go to the toile t. That’s why we need to drink plenty of water every day. We drink water. We use it to cook, clean, and carry waste out of our homes. Farmers use it to grow vegetables and crops like rice and corn; factories use it to make products.Since the 1950s, the amount（数量）of water people use has increased by three times. But the water supply（供应）hasn’t. Scientists worry that soon there won’t be enough water for us, as well as for the animals and plants that share our world. What can we do to help? Use water wisely.Having enough water isn’t our only problem. We also need it clean.Right now, ships and factories are putting wastes into seas, rivers and so on. Even chemicals that farmers use are running into rivers and lakes. All this pollution can make the water dangerous to drink. It can also harm fish and other water-living lives.We must do something to stop pollution. It’s the best way to protect our world’s most valuable natural resource（资源）.15．How many important areas of water are mentioned in Paragraph 1?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.16．The underlined sentence “We also need it clean” in Paragraph 4 means” ________.”A．We also need water to wash things B．We also need water that looks cleanC．We also need to keep water clean D．We also need to discover clean water 17．This passage was written to ________.A．ask people to value water B．advise people to drink more water C．introduce the uses of water D．describe the situation of water supplyPassage 5With the Year of the Rat coming up, I remember going out for Chinese food when I was a kid in the US. In Chinese restaurants, there are always plates with pictures of the zodiac animals (十二生肖). For most people in the US, this might be the deepest impression of Chinese culture. One time, we started to laugh after we learned that my aunt is a rat.We laughed because in our culture, rats are animals of very low position. They eat rubbish and cary diseases, so we think they are dirty. Because rats are sneaky (鬼鬼祟祟的), we think of them as untrustworthy. Calling semeone a rat is very rude. It means we cannot trust him or her easily, or we will be cheated.As a kid, this caused me to feel bad for people born in the Year of the Rat. I wondered whether they would be looked down upon by others. I did some research and found that although Chinese people also see rats as dirty animals, they added them to the zodiac for some reasons.Rats are thought to be animals that can bring people wealth. They are also able to give birth to lots of babies, which makes them a symbol of good luck—traditionally, Chinese people prefer to have large families with many children. Rats are believed to have intelligence as well. It is believed that sneaky animals must be clever.So now, I’m entering the new year with a fresh way of looking at rats. Perha ps I need to find a new understanding for other things—-animals, ideas or even people!18．The writer gave ________ reasons to explain why Chinese people add rats to the zodiac. A．two B．three C．four D．five19．From the passage, we know that ________.A．rats are animals of very low position in Chinese cultureB．Chinese children born in the Year of the Rat are looked down uponC．rats are only seen as dirty animals in Chinese cultureD．Chinese people believe rats are sneaky but clever animals20．According to the passage, Phrase ________ can describe someone called a rat in US. A．油嘴滑舌B．伶俐乖巧C．背信弃义D．言出必行21．The writer mainly talks about ________.A．why American people don’t like rats B．what Chinese people think of ratsC．how people see rats in different cultures D．who can find a new understanding for ratsPassage 6Skirts and dresses have been symbols of women for ages. But things are different now.Yao Qing, 23, shows the change. She gave up her skirts and cut her hair shorter. Then she started to wear shirts, trousers or clothes in black, white or gray.“I felt more myself that way,” Yao said. Although she remains a “sweet and nice lady” for years, she has been actually fond of outdoor sports like skateboarding and skiing since childhood. “Women are free to show our true personality,” she added, “and skirts and high-heeled shoes are less convenient in daily life.”Another change lies in women’s awareness (意识) of their independence. 34-year-old Xuan Yanmin, for example, tried on her husband’s clothes and put h er photos online. Many people said she looked handsome and cool. Some even wanted to have a try, too. Then she started a discussion “How handsome girls can be in menswear”, which got over 70 million views and 15, 000 comments.“Society is more open now. And our independence is expressed in the new way we dress,” said Xuan.However, stylist Shang Tao suggested that ________. “It’s more important to find the way which suits yourself better. The key is to think about your own advantages and disadvantages and t he environment around you, and choose clothes that can help you feel more confident,” he said.22．”Another change” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.A．men getting more attention than beforeB．more ladies showing interest in menswearC．ladies cutting their hair shorter than menD．more ladies preferring working at home23．Which of the following can be put in the ________?A．ladies should give up skirts as soon as possibleB．ladies should think about changing their hairstyleC．ladies should think twice before following this styleD．the society should be more open than before24．This passage is written to ________.A．show women have different ideas about sportsB．show growing independence through dressing styleC．compare men with women in different kinds of clothesD．ask girls not to buy dresses and skirts any more25．The passage is written in a/an ________ tone(语气).A．angrуB．sad C．crazy D．seriousPassage 7Born in the 2000s, what do you think of your generation (一代人)? Young, creative, connected, global, smart, maybe good-looking? But what do other people think about your generation?Some adults worry that you’re more interested in the phone than the world around you. They see you as the “face-down generation” and wonder how you will deal with school, fr iends, and family. Are today’s teenagers too busy texting and taking selfies (自拍) to become successful in real life—or “IRL”, as you would say?Other adults worry that today’s youth are spoiled and don’t want to face the challenges of adult life. Many chil dren born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by “helicopter parents” who were always there to do everything for them. So today’s young people seem to prefer to live like teenagers even when they are in their 20s or 30s.Does the face-down generation need a heads-up? Well, probably not. The fact is that many of today’s teenagers are better educated and more creative than past generations. They also seem tobe willing to become leaders. More young people than ever volunteer to serve their communities. There are also brave young people such as Malala Yousafzai, the teenager who won the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize for pushing girls’ rights to go to school.So if you are one of them born in the 2000s, there’s reason to be hopeful about the future. Things are looking up for the face-down generation.26．The writer led the readers to the passage _________.A．by showing his ideasB．by asking questionsC．by describing the situation27．Young people born in the 2000s are called “face-down generation” because ________. A．they are always busy with homework with their heads downB．they are not closely connected to the people around thenC．they show great interest in the phone and use it too much28．The underlined word “spoiled” probably means ________ in Chinese.A．宠坏的B．胆小的C．吝啬的29．In the writer’s eyes, today’s teenagers ________.A．are not creative because of the educational problemB．are willing to take part in many social activitiesC．are smarter and more good-looking than their parents30．The main idea of the passage is that ________.A．mobile phones are harmful to teenagers’ growth and developmentB．teenagers don’t need to change themselves to meet adults’ standardsC．although the young people have some problems, their future is full of hopePassage 8In February, the Ministry of Education announced that mobile phones should, in principle (原则上), be banned (禁止) in primary and secondary schools. This aims to protect students’ eyesight, make sure they pay more attention to their work and prevent them from becoming so interested in the Internet and online games. But some kids have their own opinions.Xu Xiaohe, a 13-year-old boy from Zhejiang, supports the policy (政策). “In fact, my school has never allowed us to bring our mobile phones,” Xu said. “It’s a distraction from our work. Even adults can’t control themselves, let alone kids like us.”Li Zihan, 13, from Beijing, however, feels differently. “We have grown up with mobile phones. We should be taught self-management skills, as well as learn how to use our phones wisely to help with our studies,” Li said. “This might be the best way to deal with technology in modern times.”For Ge Ziqi, the problem with banning phones has more to do with life outside of school. The 13-year-old Beijinger uses a bike-sharing app every day to travel between her home and school. “Today, phones are used everywhere, from taking a bus to buying food,” she said. “If I can’t take my phone with me, I’ll have to buy my own bicycle.”31．Which of the following is NOT the purpose of the mobile phone ban at school?A．To protect students’ eyesight.B．To encourage students to pay more attention to study.C．To improve students’ self-management.D．To stop students from becoming so interested online games.32．What does the underlined word “distraction” in Paragraph 2 mean?A．干扰B．考验C．分离D．促进33．According to the passage, Li Zihan might agree that ________.A．a mobile phone ban is the best way to deal with technology in modern timesB．a mobile phone mustn’t be brought to schoolC．a mobile phone ban has more to do with life outside of schoolD．kids should be taught self-management skills to use mobile phones34．Where is the passage probably from?A．An e-mail. B．A fairy tale.C．A travel guide. D．A teenage newspaper.35．What’s the main idea of t he passage?A．How to use mobile phones wisely. B．Views on the mobile phone ban.C．Ideas on how to deal with technology. D．How to use our free time.Passage 9Museums, live music and malls—Chinese cities offer everything that a young person might want. B ut there are many people who don’t have time to enjoy these things. They follow what is called the “996” work schedule—starting work at 9 a.m. and finishing at 9 p.m., six days a week.The “996” work schedule recently became a heated topic of discussion on line after a computer programmer set up a website called “996ICU”. According to the website, the “996” work schedule is unhealthy and could cause people to end up in an intensive care unit （ICU）. This work schedule is common at Chinese tech companies like Baidu, Alibaba and Huawei. Most “996” workers do not receive overtime（加班）pay.Many tech industry workers have complained about this schedule. “I worked ‘996’ for nine months,” Zhang said, who used to work as a programmer. “I couldn’t sleep because of thep ressure. So, I gave up the job at last.” However, the bosses of some tech companies think the “996” work schedule is reasonable. Jack Ma, founder of Alibaba, said it’s a “huge blessing（福气）” for young workers to work “996”.“If you don’t do ‘996’ when you’re young, when will you?” Ma said. “If you don’t put in more time and energy than others, how will you achieve the success you want?” Many people have questioned Ma’s thinking. In an article in People’s Daily, the writer said, “Valuing hard work does not me an it’s right to force workers to work overtime.”Cui Zhendong, a lawyer, told China Daily that it is against the law to use a compulsory （强制的）“996” work schedule. China’s Labor Law《劳动法》clearly states that workers should workno more than eight hours a day or no more than 44 hours a week.36．The “996” work schedule requires a person to work ________.A．9 hours a day B．18 hours a day C．54 hours a week D．72 hours a week 37．Why do many workers complain about this schedule?A．Because they have no time to go to the hospital.B．Because their health has been influenced.C．Because they don’t get enough pay.D．Because they can’t work well.38．According to the report of People’s Daily, bosses ________.A．worked “996” to achieve their successB．should support the “996” work scheduleC．understand the value of hard work better than workersD．shouldn’t force workers to work overtime39．What do we know from the passage?A．“996ICU” was set up to help workers get overtime pay.B．It is against the law to force workers to work “996”.C．It’s necessary for young workers to work “996”.D．Working “996” is an unusual problem in China.Passage 10If you are a kid who enjoys playing video games, you must have argued with your parents at least once about the impact (影响) of gaming. Your parents might say that video games are bad for you. They may worsen your eyes, lower your academic performance, and could lead to health problems. As a kid, you probably argue that video games allow you to socialize with your friends, improve your coordination (协调) and memory, and even give you a way to make money throughstreaming platforms. Could you both be right?One study of game players showed that 35 percent of high school and college students have missed school or work because of games. Some other studies have shown that playing video games leads to poor concentration (注意力) in school or at work. In my seventh—grade science fair study, elementary and high school kids playing games had lower test accuracy slower reflexes (条件反射), less pain awareness (意识), and lower response times to threatening (造成威胁的) sounds during and after having played video games.On the other hand, a study conducted by Cheryl Olson interviewed 1,000 public school students and found that video games can help kids develop problem—solving skills, make friends, show leadership, and spark creativity. They can also be highly educational, because some games involve problem—solving skills or teach things like history, geography, or culture.So, I bet you're wondering… should I play video games or not? Who is right?I think kids and parents can both win this argument. How? Most of the negative impacts of video games happen when kids play for too long, so play moderately. Here's how to do that.First, talk with your parents and take breaks from your gaming to help around the house or to get some fresh air. Second, try to find video games that are both fun and educational. Third, if you wear a headset to play, take it off every few minutes or leave one ear free so you can hear your surroundings. Fourth, there are also many games that get you up out of your seat. Finally, find some games that you can play with your parents, and you just might surprise them with how enjoyable they are. They may end up having more fun than you!What do you think? Are the good things about video games enough to outweigh the bad?40．What's the main idea of paragraph 1?A．The reasons why playing games is bad for kids.B．Parents and kids hold different opinions towards video games.C．Playing games can cause arguments between parents and their children.D．A story about kids arguing with their parents about playing video games.41．Cheryl Olson's study is mentioned to _______.A．express the author's attitude towards playing video gamesB．present most public school students like playing video gamesC．show the positive impact playing video games can haveD．share the findings of the latest research about video games42．According to the text, what are the disadvantages video games bring to kids?①They may cause harm to kids' eyesight.②They may make kids difficult to focus on study.③They may damage kids' coordination and memory.④They may put kids in danger because of less response time.A．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．①②③④43．The author is most likely to support ___________.A．playing educational games without breaksB．always wearing a headset when playing gamesC．remaining seated the whole time while playingD．playing active games which parents can take part in44．What would be the best title for the text?A．Is playing video games good or bad?B．How to choose the best video games?C．Why does playing games impact kids, health?D．Are the good things enough to outweigh the bad?参考答案【答案】1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B【分析】生活是一段漫长的旅程，设定目标可以给我们的生活一个方向感。
第04讲阅读理解之议论文(讲义)2024年中考英语一轮复习讲练测(全国通用)(原卷版)
►第04讲 阅读理解之议论文（讲义） 目录一复习目标 掌握目标及备考方向 二 考情分析 中考阅读理解议论文考情分析三阅读议论文的考向1. 细节理解题2. 推理判断题3. 词义猜测题4. 主旨大意题5.提升必考题型归纳四 真题感悟 中考阅读议论文经典考题精选【复习目标】1.熟练语篇类型和语篇结构2.明确命题规律和提问方式3.掌握不同题型的解题方法【考情分析】阅读理解议论文命题规律【名师解难】议论文一般有论点、论据和论证三个要素。
论点是议论文的核心，是作者对所论述事件的基本看法和立场；是文章要表达的主要思想；找准论点有助干把握文章的整体方向和理解文章主题的深层内涵。
论据是作者所引用的用以证明和支持论点的材料，这些材料可以是名人名言、事实例证，或是统计数据等，理清论据材料的内容能够帮助读者更深层次地理解论点的含义。
论证方法多种多样，常见的有:1.归纳法，即从分析议论文往往有观点，有事实，逻辑性强，命题往往从事实的有关细节及文章的主旨或作者的表达意图等方面着手，考查我们的思维能力和判断能力。
所以考生要培养根据上下文猜词的能力，或者说根据情境能揣测作者的意图。
议论文的阅读同其他体裁文章的阅读理解一样，可以有主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测等几种出题方式。
个别事例入手，找出事物的共同特点，从而得出结论；2.演绎法，即从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明、分析后得出结论；3.比较对照法，即对所有事实、方面进行对照，找出异同之处，然后加以分析，得出结论；4.驳论法，即先列出错误的观点，然后加以逐条批驳，反证自己观点的正确性。
1.细节理解：细节理解题在中考阅读理解试题中所占比例最大，不过相对来说较简单，通过题干的关键词，在文中找到相关信息，仔细对比，就能得出答案。
其正确选项特征为：同义替换、语言简化、正话反说等。
2.主旨大意：主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，以概括中心大意、段落大意、选择标题及判断作者写作意图等形式出现。
高中英语阅读题及答案——议论文专练(含答案)
高考英语阅读专练——议论文专练（含答案）1We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new，but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using，Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers，basic mobile phones，and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players，smart phones，and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002，before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices，however，we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room，and suddenly one day，you have a TV in every room of the house，" said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices — we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team，old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution（解决方案）? The team's data only went up to 2007，but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function，such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.2The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away from coming into reality in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn't leading the way here. Companies have been testing their cars in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology may change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is managed.While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars, policymakers should be talking more about how self-driving cars can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放)and offer more convenient and affordable choices to move around. The arrival of driverless cars is a chance to make sure that those cars are environmentally friendly and more shared.Do we want to copy or even worsen the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own their self-driving cars. They accept long, slow journeys to and from work on crowded highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride. They take their driverless car to a date and set the empty car to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport — an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(网约车)services. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless cars doesn't worsen the transportation system we have today. The coming technological development presents a chance for cities andstates to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. Self-driving cars are not allowed in the real world.B. Driverless taxies will be seen everywhere on the road in a short term.C. California is not alone in testing driverless cars.D. Self-driving technology will definitely benefit transportation system.2.According to the author, policymakers should pay more attention to __________.A. how driverless cars can help deal with transportation-related problemsB. how driverless cars can travel safelyC. how driverless cars can travel fasterD. how driverless cars can move more people3.What is a possible side effect of self-driving cars?A. Journeys to and from work become longer.B. More and more people abandon public transportation.C. There is no place to park them.D. They may result in traffic jams.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Preparing Cities for Robot CarsB. Future Technology UnderwayC. Transportation System in the FutureD. Robot Cars on the Road3I log onto a computer at the doctor's office to say I have arrived and then wait until a voice calls me into the examination room.There, a robotic nurse directs me onto a device and then takes my blood pressure. Some time later, in steps the doctor, who is also a robot. He notes down my symptoms and gives me a prescription (处方). I pay for my visit using a credit card machine and return home without having met another human being.When I call my dentist's office and actually get a human being on the line, I am thrilled. And when I see the introduction of yet more self-service checkout stations at the grocery store, I feel like shouting, "When it comes to cashiers, make mine human, please!"After all, human cashiers sometimes give you a store coupon (优惠券) for items you are buying. Even more than that, real-life cashiers often take an interest in particularly cute children, which can brighten a young mother'sday. A cashier may also show compassion (同情)for an elderly person struggling to get that last penny out of her purse.What technological device would do any of this? I don't want to go back to the Stone Age, but I'm also worried about a world run by machines. Sometimes when you're chatting with someone, you discover things you need to know. Maybe a receptionist needs prayers said for a sick child. Maybe a salesperson can offer a bit of encouragement to a customer who is feeling tired.Machines can be efficient and cost-effective and they often get the job done just fine. But they lack an element so important to everyday life.Call it the spirit, the soul or the heart. It is something no machine will ever have. It is being human that prompts us to smile at others, which may be what they need at that moment.1.What's the author's purpose in writing the first two paragraphs?A．To indicate high technology can make our future life very easyB．To describe a possible future scene where robots take control of our lifeC．To warn readers of the possible dangers of robotic nurses and doctorsD．To predict how technology can affect the way we see a doctoring the future2.Why does the author prefer being served by humans rather than by robots?A．Robots are indifferent and emotionlessB．Robots can't provide efficient servicesC．Robots don't offer to give store couponsD．Robots are unable to do a job as well as humans3.What's the author's attitude towards machines?A．He wishes one day they would come to lifeB．He is absolutely against their existence in his lifeC．He doesn't like they get involved in his life too muchD．He is afraid they would take the place of human beings4After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park．Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park．By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves．Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development．By the 1920s, wolves had practicallydisappeared from the Yellowstone area．They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around．The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations —major food sources (来源) for the wolf – grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’ s red foxes, and completely drove away the park’ s beavers．As early as 1966,biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park．They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems．Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets．The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolvers. The U．S．Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone．Today，the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone．Elk，deer，and coyote populations are down，while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback．The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well．28．What is the text mainly about?A．Wildlife research in the United States．B．Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area．C．The conflict between farmers and gray wolves．D．The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park．29．What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean?A．Tested．B．Separated．C．Forced out．D．Tracked down．30．What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about？A．Damage to local ecology. B．A decline in the park’s income．C．Preservation of vegetation. D．An increase in the variety of animals．31．What is the author’s attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project？A．Doubtful. B．Positive. C．Disapproving. D．Uncaring．5More students than ever before are taking a gap-year (间隔年)before going to university. It used to be called the “year off” between school and university. The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by University and College Admissions Service (UCAS).That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,” he said.But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students (NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student had ship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and More students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term-time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods,” he said.29.What do we learn about the gap year from the text?A. It is flexible in length.B. It is a time for relaxation.C. It is increasingly popular.D. It is required by universities.30.According to Tony Higgins, students taking a gap year______.A. are better prepared for college studiesB. know a lot more about their future jobsC. are more likely to leave university in debtD. have a better chance to enter top universities31.How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?A. He’s puzzled.B. He’s worried.C. He’s surprised.D. He’s annoyed.32.What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?A. Attend additional courses.B. Make plans for the new term.C. Earn money for their education.D. Prepare for their graduate studies.6A typical lion tamer(驯兽师) in people's mind is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭) and a chair．The whip gets all of the attention，but it's mostly for show．In reality，it's the chair that does the important work．When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion's face，the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the sametime．With its focus divided，the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next．When faced with so many options，the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair．How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e．g．lose weight，start a business，travel more) — only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best，the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information．The end result is that we feel like we can't focus or that we're focused on the wrong things，and so we take less action，make less progress，and stay the same when we could be improving．It doesn't have to be that way．Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face，remember this：All you need to do is focus on one thing．You just need to get started．Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people．If you have somewhere you want to go，something you want to accomplish，someone you want to become．．．take immediate action．If you're clear about where you want to go，the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way．28．Why does the lion tamer use a chair?A．To show off his skills．B．To trick the lion．C．To get ready for a fight．D．To entertain the audience．29．In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?A．They feel puzzled over choices．B．They hold on to the wrong things．C．They find it hard to make changed．D．They have to do something for show．30．What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?A．Tolerant．B．Doubtful．C．Respectful．D．Supportive．31．When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to _______．A．wait for a better chance B．break your old habitsC．make a quick decision D．ask for clear guidance参考答案1.CBDC2. CABA3. BAC4.DCAB5.CABC6. AABC。
中考英语阅读理解议论文真题汇总
中考英语阅读理解议论文真题汇总（2023·四川眉山·统考中考真题）Do you like to travel alone? Or do you think it’s better to travel with friends? If you’re still deciding, please read on. I will explain the advantages of both ways.One of the great things about traveling alone is that you make the rules about where you go and what you eat. You’ll be surprised at what you discover about yourself without any influence.Traveling alone really shows you what you’re made of and helps you to discover inner strength (内心的力量) you didn’t know you had. Besides, it also gives you time to think, learn and grow. When your eyes are wide open, you’ll get a whole new outlook on the world.It’s easy to think that traveling alone is lonely. Although that may sometimes be true, you’re hardly ever alone. When you travel in a one-person team, this can provide a chance for you to enjoy the most interesting part of travel—communicating with the locals and meeting travelers from all corners of the world.In fact, traveling to know more about the world is not easy. There’s research to be done, flights to be booked and choices to be made, not to mention that things can—and often do—go wrong. One of the main advantages of traveling with friends is being able to share these things and support each other through the process, even if it’s just someone who will wait with your bag when you go to the bathroom.Just as your mother always says, it’s true that traveling with others can give you a sense of safety, especially if you’re new to travel. You know that if you get lost or have your wallet stolen, there’s someone to hold your hand when you try to explain your situation in a foreign police station.There’s no right or wrong way to travel. Whether you travel alone or team up with friends, it depends on you. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage in Paragraph 1?A．By telling a story.B．By giving examples.C．By asking questions.D．By describing a scene.2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A．Traveling alone.B．Inner strength.C．Outside influence.D．Traveling with others.3．Traveling with friends has the following advantages EXCEPT ________.A．sharing a lot of things B．knowing yourself betterC．getting support easily D．having a sense of safety4．What’s the structure of the passage?(①=Paragraph 1 ①=Paragraph 2… )A．B．C．D．（2023·广东广州·统考中考真题）Computer scientist Mary has an idea for a new robot to help her work with children. How should it look? The robot should have arms to be able to lift things. And if it is going to communicate with people, it will also need a face. Scientists believe that giving a robot a face can make it seem more friendly. Humans would also like to pay more attention to robots with faces. But what kind?For Mary, she wants to make sure that her new robot doesn’t look too much like a human. She wants people to just treat it as a machine-person. If it looks more like a human than a machine, she thinks users might find it a bit creepy and feel afraid. Mary also believes that robot faces don’t need to look a lot like ours. Her research shows that we can enjoy communicating with robots whether or not they look like humans, because our brains are able to look for faces. Just put two circles on top of a robot’s body, and we will see a face.Dave feels differently. He believes that although at first we might be afraid when seeing a robot with a lifelike face, we may soon get used to it. If robots are going to work closely with humans, they should look as much like us as possible. After all, faces are an important part of the way we communicate.To make his robots look as much like real people as possible, Dave invented a special skin (皮肤) for their faces. With this skin, robots can show human-like expressions and appear to be angry, sad, happy or surprised. Dave’s robots are also programmed to copy expressions. How? Just imagine his robot is looking at you. The cameras in its eyes send pictures of your face to its central computer!5．Why do scientists think a robot needs a face?A．It will become more beautiful.B．It can do better in lifting things.C．It will pay more attention to children.D．It can better communicate with people.6．What does the underlined word “creepy” mean in paragraph 2?A．Uncomfortable to look at.B．Impossible to touch.C．Boring to talk to.D．Difficult to understand.7．Which of the following would Dave most probably agree with?A．People should treat robots as humans.B．Robots need to express their own feelings.C．Robots shouldn't look too much like humans.D．People can easily accept robots with a human face.8．What is the purpose of the passage?A．To explain the reasons why robots should have faces.B．To suggest what humans can do with robots with faces.C．To share ideas on what kind of faces robots should have.D．To show how scientists invent robots with different faces.（2023·湖南长沙·统考中考真题）It is commonly believed that children are too young to fully appreciate (欣赏) the experience and knowledge of their elders, while many think that old people don’t understand the young. But actually (事实上), both groups have a lot to learn from each other.James Smith runs the Smith’s Care Home in my city. It is mainly an organization (机构) for serving the elderly. But not all of its visitors are old people. The home also includes a childcare center for pre-school kids. There is a playground in the care home, where the elderly can play with the kids. In this way, they can learn more about each other, and respect (尊重) and understand one another.I suppose this is quite an interesting idea. For one thing, we live in a world where there are more and more old people. The world is facing this problem and its population ages. It will be important for young people to be able to understand and care for the elderly in the coming years.Regretfully, my own grandparents weren’t around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain.However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations (辈). I might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation’s way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway.9．What is special about the Smith’s Care Home?A．It is only a childcare center actually.B．The elderly look after kids carefully there.C．It accepts both the elderly and pre-school kids.10．In the writer’s opinion (观点),what problem is the world facing?A．There are more and more old people.B．The world’s population is dropping rapidly.C．The world is short of care homes for old people.11．What does the underlined word “mystery” mean in Paragraph 4?A．笑话B．悲剧C．谜团12．How does the writer develop his/her idea in this text?A．By giving examples.B．By listing numbers.C．By raising questions.13．What is the main purpose of the text?A．To explain why the world’s population ages.B．To encourage different generations to learn from each other.C．To show that older generations’ ways of thinking are incorrect.（2023·浙江·统考中考真题）Roger Federer, a world-famous sports star, quit(放弃) the 2020 Olympic Games to deal with his knee problem. It was a hard decision because no one wanted to be a quitter. But finding the courage to let go can be good for you.Nothing is fun all the time. Sticking at something difficult teaches us important skills like perseverance(毅力). However, learning to let go when things aren’t right is important too. Maybe your heart isn’t in playing the piano any more, or you only play football because your friends do and you want to try a different sport instead. Making the decision to walk away can free up time and energy to spend on something you really enjoy. In fact, studies show that letting go of goals you can’t reach, or don’t really want, can build up your confidence and help you lead a happier and healthier life.But how can you know it’s time to stop and move on? Eric Bean is an expert in sports psychology(心理学) who helps athletes and teams understand their feelings. He says, “Quitting is never a matter of black and white.” He suggests thinking carefully about why you aren’t enjoying something any more. Is it because you’ve argued with a teammate or can’t get on with a new art teacher? Talk about this with a trusted adult or friend. That can help you decide whether you should stay and stick, or quit and move on.Quitting doesn’t have to mean totally giving up, though. For example, playing an instrument might be more fun if you take away the pressure of exams. If you do decide to give up an activity, Bean suggests picking up another where you can still enjoy things like teamwork, creativity, and exercise.14．The writer mentions “Roger Federer” in Paragraph 1 to show that ________.A．we should never give up B．we should get away from troubleC．it’s all right to stop and quit D．it’s difficult to win Olympic medals15．According to Paragraph 2, learning to let go is important because we can ________.A．learn about perseverance B．have enough money to spendC．live a busier and fuller life D．feel more confident in ourselves16．By saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3, Eric Bean means that ________.A．it’s not good to stick at things we don’t likeB．we should think twice before quitting an activityC．we don’t have to take exams to show our true abilitiesD．it’s wiser to pick up a new hobby than to keep the old one17．Which could be the best title for the passage?A．Knowing When to Stop B．Working Hard to Move onC．Learning How to Grow up D．Starting Early to Make Changes（2022·四川绵阳·统考中考真题）Do you compare yourself to other people? Perhaps your best friend receives something you really want, or you’re not allowed to go to a concert but your brother or sister is. Even though comparisons are common and can sometimes be helpful, focusing(专注) on your own progress is important for your happiness.“We often compare ourselves to others who are doing better or not as well as ourselves.” says Dr. Jack. “But I suggest comparing yourself to your past self and your future self. This can make you feel proud of what you’ve achieved and excited about what you might do. Focusing on your own purposes is more worthwhile than always trying to come out on top.”Comparing yourself to those around you is natural and we often do it without realizing it. It can help us to be clear about our achievements and to form friendships with new people who have similar interests. However, it’s important to remember that nobody is perfect in real life. It’s also important to take note of how the comparison is making you feel. “If you begin to feel quite low, focus on your own strengths.” says Jack. In other words, you can ask yourself questions like “What can I do well in?”, which can help you trust yourself.Maybe here you are wondering “What if all my friends are better than me?”. Dr. White says that jealousy(妒忌) is not bad but focusing on bettering your own work can help you feel just as successful. He also mentions that learning to celebrate your friends’ success can not only help to cheer your friends up but also help you feel good. It will encourage you to build each other up.18．What does the writer tell us in Paragraph 1?A．We should compare with others.B．We should share things with brothers.C．We should enjoy concerts with sisters.D．We should focus on our own progress.19．Why should you compare yourself to your past self?A．To care about others.B．To change your purposes.C．To increase your excitement.D．To be proud of your achievements.20．What does the underlined phrase “your own strengths” probably mean in Paragraph 3?A．what you’re good at B．what you’ve understoodC．what you’re crazy about D．what you’ve experienced21．What does Dr. White suggest?A．Trusting your friends.B．Cheering on tiny success.C．Celebrating others’ success.D．Forming a deep friendship.22．What would be the best title for the passage?A．Plan Your Own Future B．Enjoy Your Own HappinessC．Run Your Own Race D．Follow Your Own Dream（2022·山东菏泽·中考真题）They say once you learn how to ride a bike, you never forget. Most of us learnt when we were kids, and many still shoot off for a ride around the streets. In recent times, cycling has seen a rise in popularity, so the question is: what makes it so popular to people to ride their bikes once again?First, let’s look at the good for health. Cycling can improve your health and burn extra body fat. Exercising your legs helps to increase your strength. And cycling’s good isn’t just physical, but mental(精神的) as well. A long ride in the countryside could help you to clear your mind, or lower your worry. But it’s not only about your body and mind, there are also some good sides for your wallet’s(钱包) health.Cycling can be a great way to go to work or go around town. By cycling, you save money instead of driving a car or taking a bus. If you drive to work, sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a very difficult thing. However, finding somewhere to lock your bike can be much simpler. Then, on the bus, there are changes at stations and other passengers speaking loudly on their phones to deal with. Cyclists face neither of these problems. And if you’re worried about safety, there are special cycle ways in many big cities. Wearing high-visibility(高能见度) clothing is another way to improve your safety when cycling on the roads.Finally, cycling can also be good for the environment. It can help you to reduce your carbon footprint(碳足迹). Not giving gases out into the air is better for the planet and your own environment.So, whether people want to cycle for their health, going around town, their wallet, the environment, or a combination(结合) of all of them, the popularity of cycling is on the rise.23．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A．To explain a reason.B．To raise a question.C．To give an example.24．What is the meaning of “wallet's health” in Paragraph 2?A．Cycling saves money.B．Cycling wastes money.C．Cycling keeps your wallet safe.25．Why is cycling good for the environment?A．It burns extra body fat.B．It is easy to lock a bicycle.C．It helps reduce carbon footprint.26．What is the passage mainly about?A．Cycling for physical health.B．Cycling for safety on the road.C．The growing popularity of cycling.（2022·湖南永州·统考中考真题）On August 30, 2021, the Chinese government announced that kids would not be allowed to play online games Mondays to Thursdays. On weekends and holidays, kids would be limited(限制) to an hour a day of online gaming. “Recently, many parents have reported that playing games crazily among some youths and children is seriously harming their normal study, life and health.” the Chinese government said online. This news got us thinking. Should the government be responsible for limiting how much time kids spend online? Here are some students’opinions.Esme McNeely, 11The government should not set screen-time limits. That decision should be up to parents. Some children need to use screens for homework. And during the COVID-19, one of the only ways to talk to friends was online. Government limits would not be fair to people who are careful with their screen time.Lucas Barone, 11The government should not limit screen time. A 2021 study from the University of Colorado Boulder says screen time might be less harmful to kids than people think. Some parents worry that children online too much won’t make friends. But the study reports that screen time can actually improve kids’friendships. In fact, screen time can be educational. I use websites to read and to learn math.Xiuhan Zhu, 9I think the government should take action and limit screen time for kids. Too much screen time can lead to tiredness and less social time. People who use smartphones are more likely to get into car accidents. Electrical products like computers can also be harmful for kids. If kids aren’t careful with the websites they use, criminals can get important information.Ning Li, 10Most people spend too much time on their phones and TVs. They hurt their eyes and waste their time. And watching a lot of TV or playing games can influence kids’ learning and social skills. If the government limited screen time, people would be encouraged to spend more time with their family. They might join a sports team in their neighborhood.27．When are kids allowed to play online games for an hour a day?A．On Mondays.B．On Wednesday.C．On weekends.28．Who is against screen-time limits?A．Esme McNeely.B．Xiuhan Zhu.C．Ning Li.29．What does the study from he University of Colorado Boulder show?A．Screen time might do no harm to kids.B．Screen time can improve kids’ friendships.C．Screen time won’t help kids make friends.30．What are Ning Li’s opinions about screen-time limits?A．Too much screen time can lead to tiredness.B．Criminals can get important information easily.C．People are encouraged to spend more time with their family.31．What is the article mainly about?A．Screen time can be educational.B．Screen time can lead to less social time.C．Whether the government should set screen-time limits.（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）It’s long been a scientific dream: to give people a special vaccine before birth to prevent them from getting terrible illnesses. Gene editing (基因编辑) is one way in which we could do this. But this method has also created some discussion.In an online video posted on Nov. 26, 2018, He Jiankui, a researcher at the Southern University of Science and Technology, said that he had helped to make the world’s first genetically edited babies.The babies are twin girls who were born in November. Their father had HIV. The twins’ genes were edited in order to prevent them from suffering from the HIV virus.He said he chose to do this because HIV is widespread in China. “I feel such a strong duty not only to be the first to do this, but also to set an example,” he told AP.But his actions caused many questions. Although gene editing may help to prevent disease, many people are wondering if it is safe and ethical to use it on humans.Some believe that gene editing could be useful to HIV patients. HIV is “a large and growing public health problem”, according to Harvard Medical School genetic professor George Church. Using gene editing for HIV is “a good idea”, Church told AP.However, others think that gene editing is still in its experimental periods and could result in terrible changes. “It could cause genetic problems later in life, including the development of cancer,” Julian Savulescu from the University of Oxford told BBC News.Others fear that people might use gene editing technology to make “designer (设计的) babies”. It would giveparents the ability to choose everything from their baby’s eye colour to their IQ.“You could find wealthy parents buying the latest ‘upgrades’ for their children, leading to even greater unfairness than we already live with,” Marcy Darnovsky, director of the San Francisco Center for Genetics told BBC News.32．What do we know about He Jiankui?A．He was the first person to edit genes.B．He made the twins suffer from HIV when he edited their genes.C．He made the world’s first genetically edited babies.D．He was the first person whose genes were edited.33．Who agreed that gene editing could be helpful to HIV patients?A．George Church.B．Julian Savulescu.C．Marcy Darnovsky.D．Chinese researchers.34．The underlined word “ethical” in the passage probably means “________”.A．合乎常情的B．道德的C．有价值的D．有效的35．According to the story, we know that gene editing ________.A．is supported by the writer B．is good for wealthy peopleC．causes some heated argument D．has been used widely in the UK36．What does “designer babies” mean in the passage?A．Parents can change their baby’s eye colour.B．Parents are able to choose their baby’s height.C．Parents can give their baby everything that he or she likes.D．Parents have a chance to prevent their baby from suffering from the virus.（2021·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）Just the other day, I was in a bookshop and found a book named How to make friends with foreigners. As a Canadian living in China for a year, I was curious to see what kind of advice a Chinese writer giving on this matter.One piece of advice really caught my attention and, I must say, made me feel quite angry. In the writer’s opinion, foreigners are an "opportunity (机会)" to improve your oral English; whenever you see a foreigner, American or English, you should practise speaking English with him or her. If the foreigner doesn’t want toanswer your questions, then he or she is a rude person who you wouldn’t want to spend time with anyway. I think this advice is not only incorrect, but also may harm the relationship between Chinese and foreigners in China.Like most other "Lao Wai" living in China, I know how lonely one can sometimes feel living in a culture different from our own familiar (熟悉的) ways. However, I simply accept as part of being here. So far my time in China has been rewarding. I have improved my Chinese language skills, learned about one of the fastest developing countries in the world today and made some very close Chinese friends.However, I have also met many Chinese people who consider me only as an "opportunity" to improve their oral English. I have had people following me from town to my flat to trouble me to teach them English. I have had complete strangers throwing articles or speeches in my face, insisting that I help them with the English translation.I have had people asking me non-stop questions for half an hour at the weekly English Corner ...Friendship for a lot of foreigners is about spending time with someone whose company (陪伴) they really enjoy. So if there is any advice to give on making and keeping friendships with foreigners, I would say that it is this: Treat foreigners as people, not opportunities. Expect to make friendships step by step, over a period of time, not in a rush. ________ If your only reason for becoming fiends with a foreigner is to improve your English, then you will probably find that you don’t have a foreign friend for long.37．Where is the writer of this passage from?A．America B．China C．Canada D．England38．Why is the writer of the passage interested in the book "H ow to make friends with foreigners"?A．Because he wants to have some more close Chinese Friends.B．Because he has greatly improved his Chinese language skills,C．Because no Chinese people would like to make friends with him.D．Because he wants to know about the Chinese writer’s advice on this topic.39．According to the writer of the book "How to make friends with foreigners", ________.A．his advice may make foreigners angryB．it is rude of you to ask a foreigner questionsC．you should choose a good foreigner to practise English withD．don’t waste time on a foreigner who doesn’t answer your questions40．In the fourth paragraph, the writer uses "I have had…" three times, because ________.A．he had no better sentences to express his ideas.B．he wanted to show how he hated to make friends with Chinese.C．he wanted to show how he hated to be treated as an “opportunity”.D．he met Chinese who wanted to make friends with him only three times.41．Which sentence may be the best to fill in the "________" in the last paragraph?A．True friendships stand (经得起) the test of time.B．Learn about different cultures to make real friends.C．Friends are about opportunities or personal advantages.D．There’s real friendship between people from different countries.（2020·浙江衢州·统考中考真题）On a June afternoon in 1752, the sky began to get dark over the city. As the storm broke, most people surely hurried inside, but not Benjamin Franklin. He decided it was the perfect time to fly a kite. Franklin had been waiting for a chance like this. He wanted to show the connection between lightning(闪电) and electricity, and to do so, he needed a storm.He walked into field, and flew a kite with a piece of rope tied to it. A key was tied to the rope. The lightning hit the kite, and electricity passed through the rope to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock(电击). This, he said, proved(证明) the electrical nature of lightning.For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin’s experiment. Millions of schoolchildren have been amazed by his courage and his scientific spirit of looking for the truth. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact. Although Franklin’s experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. It’s true that he did the experiment with the rope and the key. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock.Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to find out the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton’s head. Many reports suggest that although the falling apple certainly provided ideas, there is nothing to show that the apple actually hit him on the head.In fact, fiction is often more interesting than the truth. People have been more encouraged by Franklin’s spirit than by the facts themselves. But in science, facts should be tested by experiments and research, and we should not always believe everything we read or hear even if it is a great story.42．Franklin did the experiment in order to prove ________.A．he was an excellent scientistB．flying a kite in the storm was safeC．he was not afraid of lightningD．lightning was a form of electricity43．The underlined word “fiction” probably means something ________.A．not trueB．quite differentC．not safeD．quite necessary44．Some scientists questioned whether Franklin ________ in the experiment.A．flew a kiteB．touched the keyC．was presentD．discovered electricity45．The purpose of the passage is to tell us ________.A．Franklin’s spirit is encouragingB．fiction is more interesting than the truthC．Franklin’s experiment is not realD．we shouldn’t always believe accepted ideas（2020·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·统考中考真题）When Chinese people talk about the mouse, they are likely it as greedy and dishonest. It mainly comes from a Chinese folk story about the cat and the mouse.One day, the mouse and the cat made an appointment to attend a competition held by the Jade Emperor. It would decide the zodiac animals. However, the mouse did not wake the cat up and at last won by riding on the ox’s back. So the mouse ranked first on the 12 Chinese zodiac signs, and because of that, people think the mouse betrayed his friend.Probably not! Human culture is funny. There are always different ways to look at the same thing.In another folk story, people treated the mouse as a great hero. It's said that the mouse created the world by taking a bite of heaven, bringing light to humans. It helped people survive by stealing firewood and grain seeds （种子）. As a result, many people respect the mouse by offering food and praying for success.Since mice live together in societies and have many babies with a high survival rate, the also represent cooperation（合作）and reproduction. With all these qualities, it's believed that people born in the Year of the。
2023年中考英语短文阅读(议论文)专题练习(附答案)
2023年中考英语短文阅读（议论文）专题练习（附答案）一、阅读理解阅读理解The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics has already come to an end, and Chinese athletes (运动员) have made great achievements. But how will the stadiums (场馆) be used after the Olympics?The designers have already considered that question in their designs (设计). The plan is to let the stadiums serve common people and increase their interest in winter sports. Just as one of the designers of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics said, " The stadiums can not only serve professional athletes in the games, but also serve the public after the games. "For example, the professional ice race lanes (车道) for athletes are 121 meters high and are not fit for amateurs. So the National Ski and Sleigh Center has kept a special lane for common sport-lovers. The height of the lane is about 40 meters. This can make sure they will stay safe.The National Ski Jumping Center in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province will continue being open to the public for skiing in winter and jogging in summer. In fact, people can make use of the stadiums all year round. On the top of the center, people can walk and enjoy the beautiful scenery. There is also a standard football field that can hold 6, 000 people. Even concerts and cultural fairs can be held there as well.Time will tell whether the stadiums can be really made good use of after, the Olympic Games. In China, 300 million people have already taken part in ice and snow sports because of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. Hopefully, that number will continue to rise with plans like these. After all, snow and ice sports belong not only to talented professional athletes, but also to everyone interested in them.1．The underlined word " amateurs " in Paragraph 3 probably refers to people who ______.A．design the stadiums B．compete in the OlympicsC．do sports for enjoyment D．work for the Winter Olympics2．It can be learned from the passage that ______.A．the special ice race lane is 40 meters lowerB．the stadiums will be used two seasons a yearC．the football field in the center can hold 6, 000 peopleD．300 million people watched the Beijing Winter Olympics3．The passage mainly tells ______.A．why more Olympic stadiums will be builtB．how the Olympic stadiums will be made full use ofC．what will be done to prepare for the Olympic GamesD．how athletes are encouraged to make greater achievements阅读理解When Leon Martin asked for his parents' advice on how to become a UX designer（设计师）, they both went silent. "In fact, I had no idea what he was talking about, "said Anne, his mother, "I didn't know whether he was talking about designing clothes, computer programs or a fancy brand of bike."Even when her 18-year-old son explained that it was something about "behind the scenes" online design, his mother was still a bit lost. "I felt like I had totally failed as a parent, "she said. "My job as a parent is to open doors so my children can achieve their potential（潜力）, but how can I do that when I don't even understand what their dreams are？"▲ Research has found that more than 2/3 of parents in England are now facing the problem that, when their children express interest in new education and job choices, they may know nothing about them.More than 75% of parents felt it is almost impossible to offer their children good advice in such a fast-changing job market."Michele Rea did a survey of over 2,000 parents of secondary school students in England. She found that many parents were afraid their children would just stop talking about their career（职业）plans at home, simply because their mum and dad could hardly follow them. "We all know that parents' opinions and suggestions pay an important role in shaping and influencing their children's career dreams, "she said. "But we usually spend much on our own experiences. And things have changed so much since most of us were at school. "Bryony Mathew, writer of the Awesome Career Books, said the world was changing so rapidly that parents should not try to decide on certain careers for their children.4．What should a successful parent be able to do according to Anne?A．Become a great UX designer.B．Do an excellent job online.C．Develop their children's potential.D．Realize their children's dreams.5．Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 3?A．Anne is not alone.B．Anne has bad luck.C．This is very strange.D．This is very interesting.6．What did Michelle Rea's survey mainly show?A．Most of the parents in England were facing trouble in accepting new jobs.B．Parents feared that their children would refuse to share their career dreams.C．A lot of parents found it difficult to help their children with their education.D．Children's career future depended a lot on their parents' working experiences.7．What could be the best title for the passage?A． How can children make career choices?B．How can parents become career advisers?C．Should children take their parents' career advice?D．Should parents choose a career for their children?阅读理解①Have you ever shown your photos on your favorite social media （媒体）? Or have you expressed your feelings and emotions on your online page? If yes, do you know what you have posted on the social medias can cause problems you could not expect?②Cathy, who is going to be fifteen, posted online an invitation to her birthday party with her address in it. And guess what! 500 people came to the party, and some even broke the windows and plants, making a total mess of the house. The girl's birthday party turned into a nightmare （噩梦）.③Many teenagers （青少年）think they know everything about social media, and that such a thing could never happen to them. Studies show that each year more than three million young people in the world get into trouble because of their online activities.④So do remember these if you really want to share something online.⑤Share with care! Not everyone will like what you write online. Think before you post anything. You never know who sees your texts, pictures or videos. Before clicking "post", you should ask yourself, "How will I feel if my family or teachers see this?" and "How might this post be bad for me in five or ten years from now?"⑥Be polite when you write! Imagine someone is unfriendly in real life. The same is true of online communication. No one likes it when you "shout" in your messages. If you feel angry or frustrated while you're writing a message, wait a bit. Read it again later and then send it.⑦Protect and respect!Never share your passwords with anyone. It's not wise to post your home or email address online. Don't say bad things about people. If you get messages like that or see them online, talk to your parents or your teachers.⑧ I'd say none of these things promises 100% online safety, but each will help you to be safer. 8．The writer starts to introduce the topic by __________.A．telling stories B．giving examplesC．asking questions D．sharing experiences9．The party turned into a nightmare because Cathy _________.A．made a total mess of the houseB．shared the photos of her house onlineC．invited hundreds of people to her partyD．posted an invitation with her address online10．The writer uses the mark "!" in the underlined sentences of Paragraphs 5~7 to ________ .A．draw the readers' attentionB．give orders that readers should followC．express the strong feelings of worryD．give the decisions that have been made11．What does the writer mean by saying the last sentence?A．You should spend much less time online.B．It's necessary to think before you act online.C．You have to make a promise before you go online.D．If you want to be safer online, do as the writer suggests.阅读理解Have you ever thought of what life is like for old people? Have you ever helped old people who live alone? Can they get help when they need it?Six students from Beijing 101 Middle School looked deeper at this question and wrote a proposal (提案) to the China Youth Model Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国青少年模拟政协活动). They advised to build more old people's service stations in the neighborhood. They also gave suggestions about how governments, neighborhoods and hospitals can work together to make this happen.An old people's service station is different from a nursing home. It offers things like daytime care, cooking, cleaning and friendship to old people who live in their own homes. The students surveyed more than 1, 100 people, about 90 percent of them said they would prefer using the stations' services to moving into a nursing home. However, there are not enough of these stations, and many are not run very well.The six students came up with a solution after reading more than 60 surveys, interviewing 108 people and visiting 25 different organizations. Their proposal beat out almost 100 others to win the Best Proposal award (奖项) in 2021."This experience helps me to better understand the importance of caring old people. Also I see the light and abilities in us, "said Xu Wanqing, one of the students."Taking part in the China Youth Model CPPCC has been good for students," agreed their teacher Li Jie. "They've developed a sense of caring old people, as well as gotten more confidence about themselves since they've seen how much they can do for others. "12．How many students wrote the proposal?A．6.B．25.C．100.D．108.13．What do most people prefer doing in the survey?A．Moving into a nursing home.B．Using the old people's stations' services.C．Living alone.D．Helping other old people.14．___________, the six students came up with the solution.① After reading more than 60 surveys.② After interviewing 108 people.③ After watching lots of news.④After visiting 25 different organizations.A．①②③B．②③④C．①②④D．①③④15．What does Li Jie think of his students after taking part in the activity?A．Become more and more confident.B．Better understand the importance of life.C．Develop a sense of protecting themselves.D．Open their eyes to the world.16．What's the purpose of this proposal?A．To offer cooking.B．To build a nursing home.C．To win an award.D．To care for old people in a better way.阅读理解A Pathway (路径) to Meaning in LifeWhen it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素): having long-term goals, believing that one's life matters, and feeling that one's life fits together and "makes sense".But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life's beauty.We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness.In the first study, we had people rate (评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life's beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as "I appreciate the beauty of life" and "I appreciate little things in life," as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were "appreciating life" and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable.In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments.All the results proved our theory (假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us.17．You were most probably in the EA condition when _________.A．you made a travel plan for the coming holidayB．you hurried to serve the customers in the storeC．you practiced hard to become the best violinistD．you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside18．What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage?A．Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning.B．Enjoying small things can influence our attitude toward life.C．Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life.D．Good judgment on beauty improves connections among people.19．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A．It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success.B．We often turn a blind eye to the present moment.C．A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals.D．Future life will bring us many more surprises.20．What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?A．To explain how to discover beauty in life.B．To discuss what the true meaning of life is.C．To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.D．To compare different factors for meaningfulness.阅读理解In today's world, almost everyone knows that air pollution and water pollution are harmful to people's health. However, not all people know that noise is also a kind of pollution, and that is harmful to human health, too.People who work and live in noisy conditions usually become deaf. Many workers who print newspapers and books become deaf. Quite a few people living near airports also become deaf.Recently it was discovered that many American children's hearing is as bad as 65-year-old people's, for these children like to listen to pop music and most pop music is noisy. Besides, noise produced by planes or machines will make people's life difficult and unpleasant, or even make people ill or drive them mad.Now the governments in many countries have made laws to control noise. In China, the government is trying to solve not only air and water pollution problems but also noise pollution problems.21．Everyone knows noise is a kind of pollution.22．If one works and lives in noisy conditions, he/she usually becomes deaf.23．Many American children have very bad hearing.24．Noise can make people live a difficult life but can't drive them mad.25．The Chinese government is trying to solve air, water and noise pollution problems.答案1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．A 16．D 17．D 18．B 19．D 20．B21．错误22．正确23．正确24．错误25．正确。
2023年中考英语专题训练阅读理解-议论文篇(含解析)
初中英语2023年中考专题训练阅读理解-议论文篇(一)Many people are interested in finding out what will happen to them in the future. For thousands of years, some people have used horoscopes (星象) for this purpose. Today, a great number of people still regard horoscopes as a way to learn what will happen to them. Some believe that star signs (星座) can also tell a lot about a person’s personality.Each star sign has good and bad qualities (品质). For example, the star sign of the people who are born in late October and early November is Scorpio (天蝎座). These people may often argue with others because they usually stick to their own minds. On the other hand, Scorpios are usually very honest and good at keeping secrets, which makes them good friends. In some countries, people even c heck their lovers’ star signs before they decide to get married. It is said that some star signs match well, while some do not.However, not everyone believes in horoscopes or star signs. Many people object, because they think that star signs can’t tell them everything about a person. After all, not everyone fits their star sign. We probably all know some Scorpios who are open-minded, no matter what their star sign says. Whether you believe in horoscopes or not is up to you. However, learn about it in your free time and you may discover something new about yourself!1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A. Horoscopes have been studied for a long time.B. Many people study horoscopes at an early age.C. Horoscopes have been popular among all people.D. Horoscopes can tell a lot about a person’s personality exactly.2. According to star signs, what will a Scorpio most likely do?A. Only stay alone.B. Tell their friends a lie.C. Not change their minds easily.D. Be kind and easy-going to everyone.3. The underlined word “object” probably means __________ in English.A. supportB. disagreeC. worryD. promise4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Horoscopes should be taught in schools.B. Many people are interested in horoscopes.C. All people use star signs to know a person.D. All Scorpios have an open mind about things.5. What’s the best title for the passage?A. The History of HoroscopesB. A Science That Studies the PastC. Interesting Facts about Star SignsD. Another Way to Learn about Yourself【篇章导读】占星术是一种古老的, 被人们用来预测未来的学说。
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专题二十三阅读理解类型四议论文人与自我－生活与学习Passage 1(2022湖北随州)Do you have any online classes? It is possible to take classes at home. All you need is a computer and a headset.However, most students don't seem to like online classes. According to a recent survey, only 33 percent of the students would take such classes. Over 1,500 students from 10 cities took part in the survey.Many students said it was hard to focus on studying while taking online classes. This was true for Lian Ruohan,15,at The Affiliated High Sc hool of Peking University. “There are no classmates and no real teachers watching me. I can surf the Internet or do other things if I want to. It's harder to always stay focused,” she said.Lian prepares a lot before taking her classes to make sure she will keep her attention. She also pushes herself to communicate with teachers. Students can come up with or answer questions while taking online classes.Wen Jiayi,14, at Yucai Middle School Attached to Chengdu No. 7 High School, thinks online interaction(互动)isn't enough.“The online teachers don't really get to know me. When I don't hand in homework, all I get is a short message instead of real concern(关心),”she said.However, online classes still have advantages. “It saves time and money compared with taking offline classes. Also, if I don't understand some parts of a lesson, I can watch it over again,” Lian said.1.Many students think________.A. it is impossible to take online classes at homeB. it's hard to focus on studying while taking online classesC. they have to prepare a lot before taking online classesD. they can't communicate with the teachers online2.The underlined word “offline" means“________” in Chinese.A.函授的B.网络的C.线下的D.媒体的3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Lian thinks it easy to always stay focused.B. Wen is a student from a high school in Beijing.C. Lian thinks that online interaction isn't enough.D. Lian pushes herself to communicate with teachers in online classes.4.The passage is mainly about________.A. what the students think of online classesB. how the students take online classes at homeC. where the students take online classesD. why the students like taking online classes答案:语篇解读本文是关于线上课程的一项调查,主要介绍两个学生的不同看法.子主题为“积极的学习体验,恰当的学习方法与策略,勤学善思”.1.B 细节理解题.根据第三段中“Many students said it was hard to focus on studying while taking online classes.”可知,许多学生表示,在线上课很难集中精力学习.2.C 词义猜测题.分析最后一段可知,将online和offline作了比较,“online”意为“线上的”,所以offline的意思是“线下的”.3.D 细节理解题.根据第四段中“She also pushes herself to communicate with teachers.”可知,连若涵在上网课时,督促自己与老师交流.4.A 主旨大意题.本文主要是关于线上课程的调查,主要介绍两个学生的不同看法.Passage 2(2022 北京)A Pathway(路径)to Meaning in LifeWhen it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors(因素):having long-term goals, believing that one's life matters, and feeling that one's life fits together and “makes sense”.But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating(欣赏)such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation(EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life's beauty.We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness.In the first study, we had people rate(评估)their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life's beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life" and “I appreciate little things in life” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life" and its many experiences, the more they felt thei r life was valuable.In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments.All the results proved our theory(假设)true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast-paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us.1. You were most probably in the EA condition when________.A. you made a travel plan for the coming holidayB. you hurried to serve the customers in the storeC. you practiced hard to become the best violinistD. you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside2.What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage?A. Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning.B. Enjoying small things can influence our attitude toward life.C. Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life.D. Good judgment on beauty improves connections among people.3. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?A. It is easier for results-driven people to achieve success.B. We often turn a blind eye to the present moment.C.A fast-paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals.D. Future life will bring us many more surprises.4. What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?A. To explain how to discover beauty in life.B. To discuss what the true meaning of life is.C. To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.D. To compare different factors for meaningfulness.答案:语篇解读本文主要介绍“体验生活之美”和“过有意义的人生”两者关系的科学研究.子主题为“丰富、充实、积极向上的生活”.1.D 词义理解题.根据第三段中“EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for life's beauty.”可知,EA是指人能感觉到事件间的联系,并能够在这种联系中欣赏其价值.它展示了对生活之美的发现和赞赏.根据EA的定义可以推论出D项(你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰)符合EA状态.2.B 推理判断题.根据第七段中“For example, we found...high EA in those moments.”可知,回顾过去有意义的事可提升EA,排除A项;根据第六段中“such as I appreciate the beauty of life'...their life was valuable”可推测,享受小事影响我们的生活态度,B项正确;根据第五段中“We found that people...as highly meaningful.”可知,通过欣赏生活中美好的东西来管理压力的人觉得体验生活有意义,但不是关键,排除C项;根据第三段中“When people are...they see their own life.”可知,对美的判断力可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法,不能改变与他人的联系,排除D项.3.B 段落大意题.根据最后一段中“This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now.”可知,这种对未来结果的关注使人们很容易错过目前正在发生的事情.B项(我们经常对现在的时刻视而不见)最符合本段主题.4.C写作目的题.文章阐释了一条实现有意义的生活的新路径,那就是发现并欣赏生活的美.因此可以推断作者的写作目的是为有意义的生活引入新因素.Passage 3(2022湖南湘潭)Recently, a study(研究),published in BMC Medicine, found that sitting in front of the TV for a long time was a risk for people's health.After scientists used data(数据)on 370,000 people, covering 12 years, they found about 9,000 developed heart disease. They found people with genes(基因)of heart problems were more likely to develop heart disease. However, they found that people without such genes watching more than four hours of TV every day were also at the greatest risk of heart disease. People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk. And those who watched less than an hour had a 16% lower risk. The scientists of the research team finally found cutting TV watching time to less than an hour a day could prevent 10% of heart disease.In life, people who want “one more episode(剧集)”might be the group at a higher risk, for they are easy to spend more time watching TV. If they have more snacks while watching TV, it might add the risk of putting their hearts in danger. So, if people want to watch TV longer, standing up and moving the body, or hanging out will work. But limiting their time on TV could be a more useful way to help them avoid possible heart problems in the future.1.According to the text, how long did the research cover?A.10 years.B.12 years.C.14 years.2.From paragraph 2, which of the following is right?A. People watching one hour of TV are at the greatest risk.B. The less time people spend on TV, the lower the risk is.C. Watching TV is the only reason to develop heart disease.3.Which best explains “limiting” underlined in paragraph 3?A.限制B.记录C.花费4.Where is this text probably from?A.A tour guide.B.A story book.C.A newspaper.5.What is the main idea of the text?A. We'd better not watch TV more than one hour a day.B. Hanging out after dinner is good for our heart health.C. Having snacks while watching TV adds risks for heart.答案:语篇解读本文阐述了久坐看电视对人体健康的危害及减少看电视的时间危害风险会降低这一观点.子主题为“身心健康,抗挫能力,珍爱生命的意识”.1.B 细节理解题.根据第二段第一句中的“covering 12 years”可知选B.2.B 推理判断题.根据第二段中的“People spending 2 to 3 hours a day watching TV had a 6% lower risk. And those who watched less than an hour had a 16% lower r isk.”可推知看电视时间越少,(患心脏病的)风险越小.3.A 词义猜测题.根据上下文可推知画线词所在句意为“但是限制他们花在电视上的时间会是一种帮助他们避免将来可能出现的心脏疾患的更有用的方法”.“限制”符合语境.4.C 文章出处题.本文的主要内容为阐述久坐看电视对人身体健康的危害,在报纸上被读到的可能性最大.5.A 主旨大意题.本文主要阐述了久坐看电视对人身体健康的危害及减少看电视的时间危害风险会降低的观点.人与自我－做人与做事Passage 4(2022浙江绍兴)“I wish I had straight hair” ;“I'd like to be taller”. At times, we all want to look a bit more like someone else. However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies “should” look. The truth is that everybody is differe nt-and that's a good thing. Accepting and feeling good about our bodies is really important for our self-confidence(自信).Body confidence is when someone accepts and behaves kindly towards their body. That includes our size and shape, skin color, appearance and any physical disabilities. Jade Parnell from the Centre for Appearance Research(CAR),says that having body confidence is “about being accepting of your body and what it does for you”.If you feel positively(积极地)about your body, you are more likely to take care of it. Research has even shown that you are more likely to take part in activities and perform well in school. However, feeling agitated about your body could make you step back, do less well at school and even feel down. Parnell says that the cost of trying to achieve the "perfect" appearance is high. She says,“ If you're spending a lot of time trying to look a certain way, you will have less time to spend with friends and to make important memories.”It's important to remember that everybody is different. To develop a positive body image, Parnell says,“ Try to talk positively about your own body and other people's bodies. Try not to pay too much attention to appearance. Instead, think about what your body does for you; do your legs make you run really fast?” She also suggests treating your body well by eating different kinds of foods, exercising to feel good and to have fun, and getting plenty of sleep. Remember that you are more than how you look.1.The writer thinks that the pictures on TV and social media________.A. are perfect for people to followB. may spread wrong ideas of looksC. imply everyone is differentD. show people how to behave kindly2.The underlined word “agitated" probably means “________”.A. scaredB. seriousC. carelessD. worried3.Parnell will agree that you should________.A. accept your body as it isB. avoid talking about others' bodiesC. spend more money on your appearanceD. remember what you used to be like4. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To encourage readers to take more exercise.B. To remind readers not to eat too much food.C. To lead readers to build up body confidence.D. To advise readers to treat their friends well.答案:语篇解读文章主要论述了我们要积极地看待自己的身体,要有自信.子主题为“自我认识,自我管理,自我提升”.1.B 细节理解题.根据第一段中的“However, the pictures we see on TV and social media can give us improper ideas about how our bodies 'should 'look.”可知,我们在电视和社交媒体上看到的图片可能会给我们传递错误的外貌观念.2.D 词义猜测题.根据第三段中的“feeling agitated about your body could make you step back, do less well at school and even feel down”可知,你会退步,在学校里表现不佳,甚至感到沮丧,应是因为你担心你的身体,故此处画线部分意为“担心”.3.A细节理解题.根据第二段中的“Jade Parnell...says that having body confidence is 'about being accepting of your body and what it does for you'.”可知,Parnell认为要接受自己的身体原本的样子.4.C写作目的题.本文主要介绍了我们要积极地看待自己的身体,要有身体自信.人与社会－社会服务与人际沟通Passage 5(2022湖北十堰)There is no doubt that technology has had a big influence on our lives. People from all around the world can now talk to each other almost at once on mobile phones and the Internet. People can easily solve their problems with the help of computers and the world wide web. With this technology, it seems that the world is more connected now than ever before. Even so, there have been worries about technology making people feel lonely and disconnected from others around them.So does this mean that technology makes us lonely?In my opinion, it is hard to say Yes or No.It's true that humans need communication with each other. If we depend on technology too much to communicate, this can badly impact our mental(心理的)health. For me, technology is a tool. And just likeany other kind of tool-like scissors, a pencil or a ruler, for example, it depends on how we use it: in a right way or in a right place. Take social media(社交媒体)as an example. If you only use it to compare yourself with others, you might feel sad and lonely. But if you use it as a tool to connect with friends and family or to start a new community to talk about your hobbies and interests, the loneliness will turn into love and friendship.When you feel lonely after staring at your computer screen all day, maybe you can use that technology to reach out to a reliable(可靠的)friend and invite him or her out for lunch or a coffee.1.According to the writer, technology is________.A. a toolB. an influenceC. a pair of scissorsD. a way of communication2.What's the meaning of the underlined word "impact" in Paragraph 4?A.帮助B.促进C.影响D.进入3.According to the passage, if people use technology too much, people may________.A .sleep less B. live longer C. feel lonely D. get more jobs4.When we use technology to________ others, we can find love and friendship.A. argue withB. compete withC. connect withD. compare with5.What's the main idea of the passage?A. Social media is important to us.B. Technology can be good and bad to us.C. People need to communicate with each other.D. Computers and the Internet help us with our work.答案:语篇解读本文介绍科技对我们的生活产生了很大的影响,在带来便利的同时,使人们之间的交流变少了.作者呼吁我们可以多和朋友出去.子主题为“良好的人际关系与人际交往”.1.A细节理解题.根据第四段中“For me, technology is a tool.”可知选A.2.C 词义猜测题.分析“If we depend on technology too much to communicate, this can badly impact our mental health.”可知,如果我们过于依赖科技来交流,这会严重影响我们的心理健康.此处impact的意思是“影响”.3.C 细节理解题.根据第一段中“Even so, there have been worries about technology making people feel lonely”可知,有人担心科技会让人们感到孤独.4.C 细节理解题.根据第四段中“But if you use it as a tool to connect with friends and family...the loneliness will turn into love and friendship.”可知,如果你把科技作为与朋友和家人联系的工具,孤独就会变成爱和友谊.5.B 主旨大意题.本文主要介绍科技对我们的生活产生了很大的影响,在为我们带来便利的同时,也带来了问题.人与自然－自然生态Passage 6(2022四川乐山)Do you think only humans are crazy about electronic products? You are wrong. 12 zoos in the United States and Canada have carried out(实施)a programme called Apps for Apes(大猩猩).It has found that the apes are also interested in playing iPads.“We find that, similar to people, the apes like touching the screen and watching short videos,” said Richard Zimmerman, a manager of the programme.The apes in these zoos can play iPads twice a week. Every time, they spend from 15 minutes to half an hour using different apps in iPads. They are most interested in apps for children, such as drawing, music and memory games.Zimmerman said,“ It's like when we're showing pop-up books(立体书)to children. The apes are among the most intelligent(智能的)animals, and they are as cl ever as young children.”The workers in the zoo are also studying how communication apps can help the apes better. “We find that an ape has a toothache. He would be able to touch a picture of a tooth on the iPad and communicate in that way,” said Zimmerman.The programme wants to make people pay attention to the living problems of apes in the wild. The apes are in danger because people cut down too many forests.1.How many times can the apes play iPads in a week?A. Two times.B. Three times.C. Four times.2.Which of the following apps can make apes most interested in?A. Working.B. Shopping.C. Painting.3.What can we learn about apes from the article?A. Apes can make pop-up books.B. Apes are as smart as young children.C. Apes use apps to protect themselves.4.How does the ape communicate when it has a toothache?A. By touching the picture.B. By telling the doctor.C. By showing its nose.-5.Where is this article most probably from?A.A magazine about children.B.A magazine about animals.C.A magazine about hobbies.答案:语篇解读本文主要讲述了大猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣,通过实验,想让人们关注野生猿类的生存问题.子主题为“热爱与敬畏自然,与自然和谐共生”.1.A 细节理解题.根据第三段中“The apes in these zoos can play iPads twice a week.”可知,每周可以玩两次iPad. 2.C 细节理解题.根据第三段中“They are most interested in apps for children, such as d rawing, music and memory games.”可知,它们最感兴趣的是针对儿童的应用程序,如绘画、音乐和记忆游戏. 3.B 细节理解题.根据第四段中“The apes are among the most intelligent animals, and they are as clever as young children.”可知,大猩猩是最聪明的动物之一,它们和小孩子一样聪明.4.A细节理解题.根据第五段中“We find that an ape has a toothache. H e would be able to touch a picture of a tooth on the iPad and communicate in that way”可知,大猩猩可以触摸iPad上的牙齿图片,并通过这种方式进行交流.5.B 文章主题题.根据全文内容可知,科学家通过实验发现,猩猩也对玩iPad感兴趣,因此文章与动物有关.。