专业英语试卷1
英语专业综合英语第一学期期末试题(卷)
英语专业综合英语第一学期期末试题(卷)英语专业综合英语第一学期期末试题(卷)Section I: Listening ComprehensionPart A: Short ConversationsDirections: In Part A, you will hear several short conversations. After each conversation, you will hear a question about the conversation. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. M: Have you finished your history assignment yet?W: No, I have been too busy with my part-time job.Q: What does the woman imply?2. W: Did you enjoy the opera last night?M: Yes, the performance was outstanding, especially the lead singer.Q: What does the man think of the opera?3. W: Excuse me, is this seat taken?M: No, you can sit here.Q: What does the man mean?4. M: How do you like your new job as a tour guide?W: It's exhausting but rewarding. I get to meet people from all over the world.Q: What does the woman say about her job?5. W: Could you please pass me the salt?M: Sure, here you go.Q: What are the speakers talking about?Part B: PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 6 through 8 are based on the following passage.Chinese New Year is one of the most important holidays in China. The celebration usually lasts for about 15 days, starting from the first day of the lunar calendar. On New Year's Eve, families get together for a special dinner called "reunion dinner".During Chinese New Year, people often wear new clothes and give red envelopes with money to children. Fireworks and firecrackers are also an essential part of the celebration. The loud noise is believed to scare off evil spirits and bring good luck.6. When does the Chinese New Year celebration usually start?7. What do families do on New Year's Eve?8. Why are fireworks and firecrackers set off during Chinese New Year?Questions 9 through 11 are based on the following passage.Are you thinking about studying abroad? Studying in a foreign country can be an exciting and rewarding experience. Not only will you have the opportunity to immerse yourself in a new culture, but you will also gain a global perspective and develop valuable skills.However, studying abroad also comes with challenges. Being away from family and friends for an extended period of time can be difficult. Additionally, language barriers and cultural differences may pose obstacles to communication and adaptation. Despite the challenges, many students find that the benefits of studying abroad far outweigh the difficulties.9. What are some benefits of studying abroad?10. What could be a challenge when studying abroad?11. How do many students feel about studying abroad?Section II: Reading ComprehensionPart A: Multiple Choice QuestionsDirections: In Part A, you will read several passages and answer the questions at the end of each passage. For each question, choose the best answer from the choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Most people have experienced the phenomenon of déjà vu, the feeling of having already witnessed or experienced something that is happening for the first time. Researchers have been studying this strange sensation for years, but no definite explanation has been found.Some scientists believe that déjà vu occurs when the brain's memory centers experience a slight delay, causing a mismatch between the actual experience and the memory recall. Others think that déjà vu is a result of a processing error in the brain, where information is mistakenly sent to the memory centers before it is fully processed.12. What is déjà vu?13. What do some scientists believe causes déjà vu?Passage 2The Great Barrier Reef is one of Earth's most remarkable natural wonders. Located off the coast of Queensland, Australia, it spans nearly2,300 kilometers and is home to thousands of species of marine life. It is so large that it can be seen from outer space.The reef is made up of coral formations, which are built over many years by tiny animals called polyps. These structures provide homes and food for countless marine organisms. However, human activities, such as pollution and climate change, have put the Great Barrier Reef at risk. Scientists are working to protect and preserve this precious ecosystem.14. Where is the Great Barrier Reef located?15. What is the Great Barrier Reef made of?Part B: Fill in the BlanksDirections: In Part B, you will read a short passage and fill in the blanks with the correct words or phrases. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.In recent years, online shopping has gained 16. popularity among consumers. The convenience and accessibility of shopping from the comfort of one's own home have (17) the traditional retail industry. However, while online shopping offers many advantages, there are also some drawbacks to consider.One of the (18) disadvantages of online shopping is the inability to physically inspect the products before making a purchase. Customers rely on product descriptions and photos, which may not always accurately represent the item. Additionally, returning or exchanging items can be (19) and time-consuming. It is important for consumers to read reviews and research the seller's reputation to ensure a satisfactory shopping experience.16. (gain) 17. (impact on) 18. (main) 19. (complicated)Section III: WritingPart A: Short EssayDirections: In Part A, you are required to write a short essay based on the given topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Topic: The Importance of Learning a Second LanguageLearning a second language has become increasingly important in today's globalized world. It not only opens up opportunities for personal and professional growth but also enhances cultural understanding and communication skills.Firstly, learning a second language improves cognitive abilities. Research has shown that bilingual individuals have better problem-solving skills, memory retention, and multitasking abilities. These skills are highly valued in various professional fields and can lead to better career prospects.Secondly, learning a second language fosters cultural understanding. Language is closely tied to culture, and by learning a new language, one gains insights into different customs, beliefs, and traditions. This promotes tolerance, empathy, and cross-cultural communication.Lastly, learning a second language enhances communication skills. Being able to speak and understand multiple languages enables individuals to connect with a wider range of people, both locally and globally. It facilitates travel, business negotiations, and cultural exchanges, creating more meaningful connections in an increasingly interconnected world.In conclusion, learning a second language has numerous benefits that impact personal, professional, and social aspects of life. It is a valuable skill that should be encouraged and pursued by individuals of all ages.。
英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编1
英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编1英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编1(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、名词解释(总题数：13，分数：26.00)1.Sociolect(中山大学2000年；南开大学2003年研)（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Dialects which identify where a person is in terms of a social scale are called "social dialects"or "class dialects" or "sociolects" for short.)解析：2.Linguistic variable(北外2011研)（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Linguistic variables are those where the meaning remains constant but form varies like cat and pussy have the same social meaning but different from. So far as pronunciation is concerned house[h]and with[h]has same social meaning with different pronunciations. Here variables are just the tools to analyze the language to set social dimensional society.) 解析：3.prototype（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Prototype: what members of a particular community think of as the best example of a lexicalcategory, e. g. for some English speakers "cabbage"(rather than say"carrot")might be the prototypical vegetable.)解析：4.conceptual metonymy（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Metonymy is a cognitive process in which one cognitive category, the source, provides mental access to another cognitive category, the target, within the same cognitive domain, or idealized cognitive model(ICM).) 解析：5.iconicity（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：It is a feature of language which means that the structure of language reflects in some way the structure of experience, that is, the structure of the world, including the perspective imposed on the world by the speaker.)解析：6.grammaticalization（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：The process whereby an independent word is shifted to the status of a grammatical element is called grammaticalization. Grammaticalization brings about typical changes in meanings and the distribution of forms. Another characteristic of grammaticalized forms is that the constraints ontheir grammatical uses tend to reflect their lexical histories. Another typical outcome of grammaticalization is the development of different historical levels of nearly equivalent forms.)解析：7.Interlanguage（上海交大2005研)（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Interlanguage. refers to the type of language constructed by second or foreign language learners who are still in the process of learning a language. It"s a language system between the target language and the learner"s native language, and imperfect compared with the target language, but not mere translation from the learner"s native language. For example, when the Chinese student is learning English, he may make errors like "to touch the society".)解析：8.Universal Grammar(西安交大2008研)（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Universal grammar is a theory of linguistics postulating principles of grammar shared by all languages, thought to be innate to humans(linguistic nativism). It attempts to explain language acquisition in general, not describe specific languages. Universal grammar proposes a set of rules intended to explain language acquisition in child development.)解析：9.contrastive analysis(浙江大学2004研)（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Contrastive analysis is an approach to analysis of second language acquisition, based on a belief that a more effective teaching pedagogy would come out when the similarities and differences between native language and target language are taken into consideration. By such an analysis, it is supposed that some leaning difficulties could be predicted in terms of language transfer.)解析：10.Error Analysis（中山大学2011研)（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Errors are significant in telling the teacher what needs to be taught, in telling the researcher how learning proceeds and those errors are a means whereby learners test their hypotheses about the language to be learnt. They are worth further probing Error Analysis involves, first independently or objectively, describing the learners" interlanguage(that is, their version of the target language and the target language itself), then a comparison of the two is followed to locate mismatches. Different from contrastive analysis, Error Analysis, EA for short, gives less consideration to learners" native language. The procedure of Error Analysis consists of the following steps: (1)Recognition (2)Description (3)Explanation For example, explanation; the absence of an item that must appear in a well-formed utterance: e. g. She sleeping. Type of error; Omissions.)解析：11.applied linguistics (武汉大学2006研)（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：It is a branch of linguistics which studies the application of linguistics in reality. For example, there are studies on multilingualism, language acquisition, first and second language teaching and learning.)解析：12.the audiolingual method of language teaching（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：It is the teaching of a second language through imitation, repetition, and reinforcement. It emphasizes the teaching of speaking and listening before reading and writing and the use of mother tongue in the classroom is not allowed.) 解析：13.the direct method of language teaching（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：The learning of a second language by using the target language directly and associating speech form with action, gesture, objects and situations. Mother tongue is never or rarely used in the classroom, and the students supposedly acquire the second language in a way similar to the way they acquired their first language.)解析：二、简答题(总题数：12，分数：24.00)14.Linguistics is not the only field concerned with language. Other disciplines such as sociology, psychology, ethnography are also preoccupied with language.(中山大学2008研)（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：Since language has both individual and social aspects, it is naturally of interest to psychologists and sociologists among others. Many psychologists are interested to investigate the interrelation of language and mind, in processing and producing utterances and in language acquisition for example, language development in the child, such as the theories of language acquisition; biological foundations of language , and a big topic—the relationship between language and cognition, so there are psycholin-guistics. Socialists who are interested in the relations between language and society do researches concerned both sociology and linguistics, including the social functions of language and the social characteristics of its users. When anthropologists enlisted the help of linguists to study unwritten languages, anthropology and linguistics became closely associated in the early days of anthropological fieldwork. In contrast with other linguists, anthropological linguists are interested primarily in the history and structure of formerly unwritten languages. They are concerned with the emergence of language and also with the divergence of languages over thousands of years. Therefore, it is not surprising there are some branches of macrolinguistics that show an interdisciplinary nature.) 解析：15.There are two kinds of grammar based on differentlinguistic points of view. They are prescriptive grammar and descriptive grammar. A grammar may describe how language is actually spoken and/or written, and may not state or postulate how it ought to be spoken or written. But a grammar may also state the rules for what is considered the best or most correct usage. Which grammar is descriptive grammar, and which grammar is prescriptive grammar? Cite some examples to give your reasons.(北师大2003研)（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________正确答案：(正确答案：The first one is typical of descriptive grammar, while the second one is prescriptive grammar. The descriptive grammar aims to describe how people speak and detail the underlying knowledge. It is believed in descriptive grammar that whatever occurs in natural speech, such as hesitation, incomplete utterance, should be described in the analysis, and not be marked as incorrect, abnormal, or corrupt; modern linguistics is mostly descriptive. Whereas, the prescriptive approach aims to teach people how to speak, read, and write a particular language;in the 18th century, all the main European languages were studied prescriptively. For example, the statement that "in standard English, a double negative is rarely used" is a description, showing how the language is used in standard English, regardless whether it is correct or not. "You should never use a double-negative" is a typical grammar rule that prescribes what should be grammatically correct in the Standard English. As for the spelling, prescription says "judgment" is correct, but description accurately points out that "judgement" is consideredby Edited English to be correct too, and a descriptive account for these two different spellings will show how the later one is used and who uses it.)解析：16.Saussure puts forward the concept of langue and parole, and Chomsky puts forward the concept of competence and performance. Please dwell upon the differences and similarities, if any, of the two pairs; langue and parole /doc/524189031.html,petence and performance.(北京交通大学2007研)（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：According to F. de Saussure, langue refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all members of a speech community; while parole refers to the realization of langue in actual use. For Chomsky, a fundamental distinction between linguistic competence and performance should be made. A language user"s underlying knowledge about the system of rules is called linguistic competence. And performance refers to the actual use of language in concrete situations. In light with this, competence enables a speaker to produce and understand an indefinite number of sentences and to recognize grammatical mistakes and ambiguities. A speaker"s competence is stable but his performance is often influenced by psychological and social factors, and thus would involve imperfections such as slips of tongue, false starts, unnecessary pauses, and so on. Thus, the point is that a speaker"s performance does not always match his competence. Saussure"s distinction is somewhat similar with Chomsky"s in the sense that they both refer to the constant factor which underlies theutterances that constitute parole/performance. However, their difference is quite obvious. Saussue"s language is a social product, a set of conventions for a speech community. Chomsky regards competence as a property of the mind of each individual. Saussrue looks at language more from a sociological point of view while Chomsky looks at it more from a psychological point of view.)解析：17.Examine the following two statements about language, and discuss the similarities and differences between them.Do you agree with the two statements? Explain your answer.Sapir(1921: Language):"Language is a purely human and non-instinctive method of communicating ideas,emotions and desires by means of voluntarily produced symbols. "Bloch and Trager(1942; Outline of Linguistic Analysis): "A language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols by means of which a social group co-operates. "（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Similarities;(1)Both definitions stick to the fact that language is primarily a matter of speech because the primary medium of language is sound. Sapir illustrates this idea by implying that the produced symbols are auditory and Bloch and Trager by explicitly using the word " vocal". (2)Both definitions allude to the fact that the association between the words and the things that they denoted is rarely inherent, Sapir by using the word * symbols" and Bloch and Trager by placing emphasis on " arbitrary"and "symbols". Differences: (1)Sapir"s definition emphasize that language relates to communication between human beings. It is very different from the communication systems of other creatures, such as birdsongs and bee dances. Bloch and Trager do not clearly indicate this property, only saying that it is possessed by a social group.(2)Sapir also considers that language is " non-instinctive" and " voluntarily produced". Thus for himlanguage does not include such instinctive forms of communication as smiling and cries of pain, etc. However, Bloch and Trager"s definition do not include this feature. (3)The element " system" in Bloch and Trager"s definition reflects the fact that language provides us with the framework for generating appropriate utterances rather than providing us with an infinite store of ready-made utterances. Still elements of lacunae are combined according to rules. (4)The function of language is indicated differently in two definitions. Sapir sees language as for communicating ideas, emotions and desires, while Bloch and Trager considers it for a social group"s co-operation. Sapir"s definition proposes " communication" as the principal function of language and specifies what is communicated; Bloch and Trager only vaguely points out that language can be used for co-operation. Each of the two definitions has its own special emphasis and it not totally free from limitations. We think the two definitions grasp some defining properties of language that distinguish it from any animal system of communication, for example, " vocal" , " arbitrary" , " symbol" , " purely human" , " a system". But either has some limitation. As for Sapir"s definition, whether one considers language to be instinctive or not is an issue. Language is instinctive in so far as we are all born with a predisposition to speak, we all acquire a language without tuition and when we speak we do not consciously convert our thoughts into speech. Language is, however, non-instinctive in that we can choose what to say or whether to say anything at all. Both thedefinition"s description of language"s function is not precise. Sapir"s definition confines language only to communicating ideas, emotions and desires, and Bloch and Trager"s definition does not point it out at all.)解析：18.It is widely known that animals have their own ways of communicating with each other. For example , bees can dance very complicated dances and some birds can sing very complicated songs. It is also generally agreed that there are fundamental differences between human language and other animals" ways of communicating. i.What is your view on this point? ii. If you also think that there are fundamental differences between human language and other animals" ways of communicating, according to you, what are the differences? Please give short explanations. If you don"t think that there are fundamental differences between human language and other animals" ways of communicating, please also defend your position. Illustrate your points with examples if necessary.（分数：2.00）________________________________________________________________ __________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：i. There"re fundamental differences between human language and other animal"s ways of communicating. All creatures, not only the "clever" ones like apes and dolphins but also such "lower" ones as bees and birds are able to communicate with each other. We have been careful in using the term "animal communication system" to indicate this ability. But language is human-specific which is not merely a tool used to transmit information but also a means of social communication. Linguists made a list of "design features" , which are found utterly absent in animalcommunication and thus distinguish human language from animal"s cry . ii. There are fundamental differences between human language and other animals" ways of communicating, such as the "design feature" could distinguish human language from other systems of communication. For instance, 1)Duality, animals that use vocal signals have a stock of basic sounds which vary according to species. A cow has less than ten, a chicken has around twenty, but most animals can use each basic sound to stand for one thing only, so the communicative power of animal language is highly limited. However, human language has a number of sound units, or phonemes and each phoneme can become meaningful when it is combined with other phonemes, so we say human language operates on two levels of structures.2)Productivity or Creativity, it means that human beings can produce novel utterances whenever they want. The robin is creative in its ability to sing the same thing in many ways, but not creative in its ability to use the same units of the system to express manydifferent messages with different meanings. 3)Displacement, it is a property of language enabling people to talk about things being remote either in space or in time. Most animals can only communicate about things in the immediate situation.) 解析：解析：(本题主要考查语言的本质特征。
专业英语作业1
《专业英语》作业global corporation全球公司economic boom 经济繁荣Ownership 所有权joint-venture合资企业headquarters 总部Competitive Advantage 竞争优势Entrepreneur企业家equity股权Insurance costs 保险费用bargaining power 议价能力overhead开销Insurance Company 保险公司stock options股票期权consumer appliance 家电消费Insurance contract 保险合同performance-based pay 基础薪酬policy-holder 投保人Commission 佣金personal effects 个人财物natural calamities 自然灾害Decision 决策insurance amount 保险金额insurance coverage 保险保障Venture Capital 风险资本marine coverage 海险salvage charge 救助费用Food chain 食物链general average 共同海损mass production 大规模生产containerization 集装箱distributor 经销商Chain stores 连锁商店phone interview 电话面试vending machine 自动售货机Selling point 卖点billboard 广告牌cinema commercials 影院广告Promotions 促销leaflet 传单poster 海报Search engine 搜索引擎stock prices股票价格Financial crisis 金融危机intellectual capital 智力资本national asset 国家资产Business Model 商业模式Electronic commerce 电子商务Globalization 全球化1、The multinational is big and rich. It often operates in industries which are difficult to enter and of vital national importance, e.g. the computer, chemical and automobile industries. Most important of all, the main objective of the multinational is to organize its activities around the world so as to maximize global profits and global market shares. Each subsidiary is part of an international network of affiliates. These all interact with each other. Each part serves the whole. The center controlling the network—the multinationals’ headquarters—is not under the control of the host government. It is frequently thousands of miles away from these subsidiaries.跨国公司不仅大而且富有。
电子信息专业英语试卷1
电子信息专业英语期末考试试卷（一）（考试时间120分钟，满分100分）一、词汇测试题（共25道题，每小题1分，总计25分）(一)．Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese (写出下列词组的汉语意思。
)(共25分，每题1分，总计25分)1． resistor 2． capacitor 3． inductor 4． resistance 5． capacitance 6． inductance . 7．Dielectric8． frequency9．electromotive force （emf ）10． Electronics 11． Electricity12． electron 13． Diode14． Transistor 15． Circuit 16． Vacuum 17． semiconductor 18． silicon 19． chip20． microminiaturization 21． Microelectronics 22． integrated circuit 23． Negative 24． Positive 25． Cell(共25题，每题1分，总计25分)1.黑白电视机2.基本原理3.硅晶体管4.电子元件5. 锗晶体管6. 真空二极管7. 信息时代 8. 单片 9.电源 10.负极 11.正极 12.干电池 13.串联 14.并联 15.电压降16.固定电阻 17.电阻值18.电场 19.容抗 20. 对电流的阻力21. 非线性电阻23.一个二端元件24.一个闭合回路 25. 事实上（三）填空题Choose one word from the word list below to fill in the blank in each of the following sentences. Change the form of the word where necessary: （共8道题，每题1分，总计8分）resistors capacitance nonlinear resistance electricity inductor electrical capacitor1. Capacitor’s basic function is to store _____ energy.2. A _____ is a device designed to have capacitance.3. The property of a capacitor to oppose any change in voltage across that capacitor is called ______.4. Resistors used for special applications are ______.5. Ohm is used as a unit of ______.6. Some _____ are made to have a variable resistance.7. The larger is the emf, the more ______ the capacitor stores. 8. Any _____ is made of wire having resistance.（四）单项选择题Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements according to the text: （共12题，每题1分，共12分）1. Electronics is a part of _______.A. electronsB. technologyC. electricityD. science2. The field of electronics includes _____.A. transistorB. electron tubeC. integrated circuitD. All above3. Thomas Edison invented ______ in 1883.A. vacuum tubeB. diodeC. triodeD. lamp4. The first transistors were made from ______.A. siliconB. germaniumC. copperD. gold5. ______ created a new future in electronics.A. Integrated circuitB. SemiconductorC. Electron tubeD. Computer6. Due to the invention of ______, microelectronics was created in 1950s.A. electron tubeB. transistor 7. Power supply, the conductor, the control device and ______ are fourbasic parts of an electric circuit.A. batteryB. wireC. switchD. load8. The energy conversion can take place _______.A. in the circuitB. in a cellC. within the loadD. along the wire9. Electric circuit is a combination of a conductor and of a source of e.m.f.which permits electrons to flow along a ______.A. streamB. wireC. terminalD. pathway10. The electrons move in a fixed way in a _____ direction.A. definiteB. differentC. variousD. appropriate11. The electric current flows from ______ to ______.A. negative , positiveB. positive, negativeC. minus, plusD. A and C12. When the current flows, it is a ______ circuit.A. closedB. openC. combinationD. electric（五）翻译题（共10题，每题2分，总计20分）1. Each lamp filament representing an independent path from the minus main wire to the plus wire.2. Silicon transistors began to replace germanium transistors in the late 1950s, which made possible the next revolutionary step in electronics.3. Electronics began in 1883, when Thomas Edison discovered the vacuum diode as part of his research on materials for a practical electric light. proportional to the current passing through it.5. Such circuits make it possible to combine the different voltage characteristic of a series circuit with the different current characteristic of a parallel circuit within a single network.6. Jack Kilby, an American scientist, made the first single IC in the late 1950s, which laid foundation of microminiaturization and integration.7. Digital computers are essentially machines for recording numbers, operating with numbers and giving the result in numerical forms．8. Integrated circuits are more of a science, than of a technology．9. Bandwidth of transistor amplifiers vary from about 250 MHz in the L band to 1000 MHz in the X band．10. The main device failure mode is secondary breakdown。
英语试卷及答案(1)
河北大学成人教育学院试卷专业年级课程：《大学英语》姓名学号分数I. Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks ( 60 %):1. This book is more interesting than that you have just read. A. this B. theseC. oneD. the ones2. You will be dismissed you will never be late again. A. unless B. until C. whenD. after3. The board of management seven persons. A. consist B. comprises C. makes up D. compose4. The boy is lonely; he could be happier if he had someone he could play.A. whoB. with whomC. whomD. that5. This song memories of my childhood in the countryside. A. calls for B. turns offC. calls upD. turns up6. My grandfather’s ideas are always . He is too old to keep up with the times.A. in styleB. in timeC. out of styleD. out of the question7. It’s surprising that John and his twin brother have nothing . A. in common B. in turn C. in short D. in the end8. If something unexpected at the office, I will be home late. A. rises B. comesC. arisesD. goes9. It is to rain. We’d better take our umbrellas with you. A. likely B. possible C. likeD. unlike10. The village is far from the highway that we feel apart from the world when we are there.A. suchB. tooC. soD. enough11. You should being late for the appointment with the dentist. A. avoid B. prevent C. keep D. escape12. The government spies in secret on a desert road. A. found B. dismissed C. interviewed D. exchanged13. What especially impressed us was the doctor handled the emergency.A. the way whichB. the wayC. in the wayD. by the way14. I hope you will this problem from the point of development. A. look B. noticeC. viewD. watch15. How did you the captain of the football team? A. go to be B. get to being C. get to be D. go to being16. A young man to teach her water-skiing . A. offered B. asked C. providedD. invited17. The success of the firm is providing good service to the customers.A. depended onB. based onC. trusted onD. imposed on18. When they heard the discoursing news, the smiles from their faces. A. charged B. turned C. appeared D. faded19. My mother is always able to when I am unhappy. A. say B. explain C. tellD. speak20. The old man said that he would never his car as long as he could drive. A. give in B. give out C. give out D. give up21. When the results of the vote were announced the Prime Minister defeat. A. acknowledged B. told C. reported D. found22. The passengers on the plane their seat belts when it takes off. A. locked B. took off C. secured D. buttened23. It was only when Simon finally to sleep that the headaches eased. A. drifted off B. took off C. picked up D. gave up24. Some one was heard the stairs. A. come up B. to come up C. went up D. goes up25. When Grandma turned 85, her eyes began to . A. break B. lose C. defeatD. fail26. The people who lived near the river had to the flooding waters. A. escape B. run C. flee D. struggle27. I am busy at the moment. You can put the book you like. A. whichever B. wheneverC. whereverD. whatever28. I wonder if there is anything for you. A. I can do B. which I can do C. that I can do D. which can I do29. Don’t be too nervous. Dr. Smith will your health. A. look after B. worry about C. check on D. make sure30. It seems that the picture is not hanging it should on the wall. A. when B. whereC. thatD. while31. In my opinion, Nancy is her sisters. Do you think so?A. not so polite asB. so not polite asC. not as polite soD. as not polite as32. The old professor is now retired. He likes to visit all kinds of museums .A. in the endB. now and thenC. up till nowD. there and then33. The dead volcanoes don’t fire or melted rock. A. throw at B. throw out C. get away D. set out34. Before she could speak to him, her husband grabbed his coat and of the door.A. got awayB. run awayC. shot outD. given out35. Just then a grey-haired woman entered by a boy of about ten. A. supporting B. to support C. to be supporting D. supported36. The concert would begin in five minutes,. He quickened his step and . A. so did I B. so I did C. as I did D. too I did37. , the more we realize that there is no limit to its potential.A. The more we learn about the brainB. We learn about the more brainC. The more brain we learn aboutD. We learn about the brain more38. That was the meeting every student kept listening. A. from which B. during whichC. which duringD. which from39. I remember there used to be a big hole the wall. A. among B. on C. from D. in40. I haven’t seen him for weeks, but I’m sure he will one of these days. A. check on B. drift off C. pop up D. make out41. It is an fact that Mr. Johnson has gone bankrupt. A. abstract B. absolute C. advanced D. aggressive42. Our manager is always out. The vice manager is the head of the business. A. virtualB. virusC. virtuousD. visible43. A warm welcome all our customers on their arrival. A. awaits B. waits C. awaits for D. waits on44. I bet the weather get better tomorrow. A. is real to B. is sure to C. is certain D. is bound to45. This research result will not stand if we do not there is no force of friction. A. assistB. assignC. assumeD. assert46. This new country didn’t come into until the year 1918. A. exhibition B. exceptionC. exchangeD. existence47. We may a lot of opposition to the work scheme. A. come up against B. come up withC. live up toD. get away with48. She is the person who can be whenever needed. A. depended on B. deposited onC. focused onD. landed on49. 100 people died and only 5 people this earthquake. A. were survived from B. survived from C. survived D. were survived50. The famous scenery spot attracts 2,000 visitors per day .A. in averageB. below averageC. on an averageD. in an average51. Sam worked hard and was finally promoted. A. all in all B. all at once C. all alone D. all the while52. No one would behave so as you to argue with the professor. A. badly B. boldlyC. cleverlyD. cruelly53. As part of their advertising campaign, they distributed of the product.A. samplesB. examplesC. instancesD. labels54. Lily has worked here ------ever since the company was founded. A. for most B. for all C. for ages D. for ever55. Being the ancient capital for six dynasties, Hangzhou is a city. A. historic B. human C. historical D. history56. The doctor wanted to buy a new house but he found himself money. A. short on B. short of C. shout out D. short off57. Don’t disturb your younger brother. He is his homework.A. putting his mind toB. making his mind toC. making up his mind onD. setting his mind on58. Peter’s aunt was very angry and kept in her room. A. moving out B. moving alongC. moving aboutD. moving away59. The boy from stone to stone and crossed the river. A. leaked B. lapped C. leaned D. leaped60. The in this vase makes it less valuable. A. flaw B. shortcoming C. mistakeD. disadvantageII. Blank Filling（10%）:Complete the blanks with the correct form of the following words or phrases(10%): （用所给词或短语的正确形式填空）Comfort fail center attach to tremble due to flee encircle trap on one’s feet1. I tried to Mary after her husband died.2. These workers have to be all day, going from one machine to the others.3. Because of the long drought , our corn crop .4. Thousands of people have been compelled to the country in makeshift boats.5. The bridge as the train went over it.6. A bathroom his bedroom.7. It is the part of Shanghai in which the commercial and financial interests are chiefly .8. The football game is canceled unavoidable circumstances.9. It was not long before the enemy our camp.10. A landslide the travelers inside the cave.III. Cloze(完形填空)（10%）：Who Are Today’s Immigrants?Today a new first generation of immigrants is pursuing its dream of a new life in the USA. This generation’s background and experience are in some ways different from those of the typical European 1 of the nineteenth and early 20th centuries. Contemporary immigrants come 2 from Asia and Latin America. 3 , some writers have 4 that a much greater 5 of the new immigrants are businesspeople, managers, and technicians, but this claim has been challenged and has not been proved.6 , it is clear that many of the better-trained and more prosperous of these immigrants are moving out7 their own ethnic neighborhoods but into middle-class suburbs,8 , the United States that they are experiencing is9 a country that is 10 its industrial base. It is no longer creating the numbers of factory jobs that were available for the earlier immigrants.1. A. immigrants B. people C. generation D. dream2. A. most B. mostly C. almost D. more3. A. In addition to B. In addition as C. In addition D. On addition4. A. B. C. D. claimed5. A. proportion B. proportion C. propose D. proposal6. A. But B. However C. And D. Any how7. A. onto B. in C. into D. off8. A. At last B. Lastly C. Lasting D. Last9. A. no longer B. Not longer C. not long D. no long10. A. extending B. expanding C. expended D. extendedIV. Translation(10%):1. 那个流动医疗队由五个医生、八个护士组成。
英语专业英语(一)2000答案
2000年国际关系学院硕士入学考试英语专业英语(一)试题考生须知1 答案必须写在答题纸上,写在试题纸上的无效2 限三个小时内完卷3 考生不得携带任何词典或书本4 知识交卷时必须交还试题Ⅰ.Translate the following into Chinese (50%)As self-appointed custodians of ideals and fundamental moral principles, pre-1910 American intellectuals believed it their responsibility to lead the nation upward and onward. If there were obstacles to be overcome, intellectuals sounded the call and led the reformers' charge. If idealistic visions were the requirements, they provided blueprints for utopians. The twentieth century began with most intellectuals in the United States sanguine about the future of the Western world. The wave of pride and confidence generated by the Renaissance and the Enlightenment still rolled strongly. What a work of art was man! His intellect, disciplined with science, seemed capable of explaining and utilizing every natural process. And the same natural laws that provided the key to the physical world were thought to make possible a social science as well. With liberal application of the oil of natural rights, most Americans confidently expected the social vehicle to run squeakless forever---World War I explored this halcyon vision.The way in which the actual phrase "lost generation" came into being is instructive. While the several accounts vary in details, there is general consensus that the phrase originated with Gertrude Stein, the Radcliffe girl turned Parisian, and the unofficial dean of expatriated American artists and writers in Europe. There is also general agreement that Stein used the phrase in conversation with Ernest Hemingway about 1921. Hemingway's own account in A Moveable Feast is the most complete. Gertrude Stein, he begins, found it necessary to take her Model T Ford to a Paris garage for ignition repairs. Apparently the young mechanic who worked on the car did not fix it satisfactorily or possibly he took too long. Stein, at any rate, protested to the owner of the garage, and he in turn called the mechanic to task. The owner then explained to Stein that all the young workers in his shop lacked skill because they had served in the war and missed the crucial early years of vocational training. At one point in the conversation, according to Hemingway, the garage keeper said of his mechanics, that they were "all a generation perdue." Some time later, Stein applied the phrase to the 23-year-old Hemingway and his friends. Angry at their rowdy, drunken behavior, she saw the connection. “‘That's what you are. That's what you all are,' Miss Stein said, ‘All of you young people who served in the war. You are a lost generation.'” Hemingway evidently w as surprised, the idea had not occurred to him before. “‘Really?'” he asked. “‘You are, 'Stein insisted.‘You have no respect for anything. You drink yourselves to death…'” Hemingway attempted to protest that he was never drunk when he came to Stein salon, but Stein, as usual, had the final word: “ ‘Don't argue with me, Hemingway…It does no good at all. You're all a lost generation, exactly as the garage keeper said.'”ⅡTranslate the following into English (50%)贾平凹: 我是农民一个成功的作家,用饱含深情厚意的笔调,向大家讲述他并不成功的农民生涯, 并平静地对大家说, 我是农民,不是作家. 这个成功的作家就是贾平凹,那个不成功的农民,也是贾平凹.而这部以“讲述”为重要特征的作品名字叫《我是农民----------乡下五年的记忆》.名人大腕为自己贴金写传,这热潮似乎还在持续, 贾平凹此时写此书, 真怀疑他是在有意为大伙儿提供一本教科书.别人在那儿嚷着自己是如何如何‘崇高伟大’, 贾平凹却说: 我是农民.《我是农民》,贾平凹从自己少年求学写起, 写到回乡当农民,写到两次失败的恋情,写到父亲蒙冤,写到当兵不成,写到想当工人还不成,写到想当代课老师仍不成…一个为了与土地割断联系而竭尽全力的农民,一个角落里的梦想家,这就是贾平凹?这就是一手锦绣文章的贾平凹?回答是肯定的.有些自尊,有些自卑，有些遭歧视，但百分之百的是一个性情中人：真诚，坦荡，永不服输，但又常常感到疲惫。
英语类专业综合知识试题1培训课件
英语类专业综合知识试题本试卷共八大题时量150分钟，满分300分。
I．词汇和语法（从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1．—Thanks for dictionary you bought for me. It’s really great one. — I’m glad you like it.A. a /B. the /C. the aD. a a2．Most Chinese make a habit to visit their relatives during the Spring Festival.A. themselvesB. itC. whatD. this3． From endless homework, the students had a good time in the national park that weeken d.A. FreedB. FreeingC. To freeD. Having freed 4．—Is the speech contest still to be held tomorrow? —Maybe, but I hear that it till next Friday.A. is putting offB. will put offC. had been put offD. has been put off5．The college entrance examination is just the corner, and all the Senior 2 students are bus y preparing for it.A. atB. aroundC. nearD. by 6．Early on the moring of National Day we went t o Tian’anmen Square, was crowded with people there to watch the flag-raising ceremony.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. which 7．—What would you like to do after graduating from college?—It depends. My parents want me to continue my education, so I go abroad for a PhD.A. mightB. willC. wouldD.must8． with the natural beauty that they decided to stay there for another two weeks.A. How fascinated were the visitorsB. How fascinated the visitors wereC. So fascinated wer e the visitorsD. So fascinated the visitors were 9． the homework on time made his fathe r very angry.A. The boy’s not having finishedB. The boy not having finishedC. The boy’s having not finishedD. The boy having not finished 10． The parents decide to overcome difficulty they will meet tosave their child from the serious illness.英语类专业综合知识试题第2 页（共8页）2A. no matter howB. no matter whichC. howeverD. whateverII．完形填空（从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。
专业英语八级(听力)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.听力原文：W: Today I’d like to welcome Edward Fox, a seasoned real estate agent, who is going to talk to us about buying a house. Hello, Edward.M: Hello.W: Now Edward, for most people buying a house is a major life event, and probably the single most expensive item they are ever likely to buy. What precautions do they have to take before a real purchase? Can you give some suggestions?M: You are right in saying buying a house costs a lot. But as to me, the most important thing to consider before buying any property is the location.W: Location?M: Right. Because it is where you plan to spend a large part of your life. Or, indeed, the rest of your life in some circumstances. (1) Therefore, consider the type of life you enjoy leading. If you are a very sociable person who enjoys nightclubs and discos, you may consider something close to a city. Anyway, a city is convenient for all types of nightlife.W: Then, for those who seek a quiet life, do you recommend a house in the countryside?M: Well, countryside is a tranquil place. However, do remember that proximity to the place of work also counts. Indeed, we spend most of our life at work, and you don’t want to have to spend two or more hours every day traveling to work, do you? Therefore, transport is of the utmost importance. (2) City suburbs, however, are often conveniently located for commuting to work, or for shopping, without being in the heart of a busy city.W: But houses in the suburbs are far more expensive than those in cities.M: They seem to be. But actually houses located in cities can often exceed the price of suburban houses. So cheek out the prices. You may be surprised.W: Really?(1) So we should consider our places of work and personalities in choosing the location. Is that so?M: I’m afraid you have to take family into consideration as well. You may prefer a house that is away from a busy street or main road. (1) And, of course, remember that children have to attend school: is there a good school in the area, or would your children have to travel a long distance to get to school? Therefore, if you have children, or you plan to have children, location is a very important factor. And, of course, remember that a family influences the size of the property.W: Oh, I see. How many types of houses can we choose?M: There are various types of houses. The first is called detached houses, which stand alone, and are not joined by another building. (3) Then there are semi-detached houses, which are the most common. This is because they are, in fact, two houses joined together, and therefore take up lessspace. And there are town houses, too, which are many houses joined together to form a hmg row. But don’t think that town houses are less expensive than semi-detached houses. They rarely are. This is because they are usually built in cities where the price of property is very expensive.W: Then what about old houses? (4) They must be cheaper than new ones.M: (4) Maybe they are. But if the house is too old, you may be faced with expensive repairs and renovation bills. So have a house thoroughly checked by a professional surveyer before you decide to buy. But then again there are things you can look for yourself. Things such as the condition of the woodwork, especially doors and windows that can be expensive to replace. But more importantly make sure all the fixtures and fittings, things such as cupboards, sinks, taps and bath tubs arc all in good working order because replacing kitchens and bathrooms can he very costly.W: I agree. It’s economical to buy old houses only when they are in good condition. By the way, a lot of property has a garden attached to it. Do you think it’s a good choice?M: It’s true that a lot of property has a garden. If you enjoy gardening, that’s fine. But if you don’t enjoy gardening then you may prefer a small garden, as opposed to a big one. But even if you do enjoy gardening it is important to remember that gardens take up a lot of your time. (5) So keeping a garden in good order may be veU difficult if you work long hours.W: You are quite right. Any other suggestions?M: One final thing is the general feel of the place. Does it have a good atmosphere? And most important of all, would you feel comfortable living there?W: Edward, I never knew I had to consider so many things while buying a house. Thank you very much for talking with us.M: My pleasure.1．According to Edward, in deciding the location of a house, people should consider all the following EXCEPTA．the type of life they enjoy.B．the price of the house.C．the distance between the house and the place of work.D．the school their children can attend.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力2．Which of the following is an ideal place for quiet people to live in?A．City.B．Downtown.C．Countryside.D．Suburb.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力3．According to the interview, ______ are the most common type of houses.A．detached housesB．semi-detached housesC．town housesD．old houses正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力4．What does Edward think of old houses compared to new ones?A．They are definitely cheaper.B．They are too old to live in.C．They may be cheaper but repairs and renovation cost much.D．They need to he checked professionally from time to time.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力5．Edward shows ______ when talking about gardens attached to houses.A．disapprovalB．excitementC．uncertaintyD．indifference正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.听力原文：Foreign pilots are to be drafted into Chinese airlines to relieve the shortage of qualified flyers. CAAC statistics show that about 11, 000 pilots are employed to fly more than 770 aircraft operated by the major Chinese commercial airlines, which industry experts consider as inadequate to cope with the rocketing demand for passenger services. Around 145 new aircraft will be delivered for operation this year in China, and the new planes alone will push aircraft numbers beyond the capacity of training schools to supply new pilots. (6) Industry experts estimate China needs between 1, 200 and 1, 600 new pilots every year since 2000, while the nation’s major training schools for commercial airline pilots can provide a maximum of 600 pilots annually.6．Industry. experts estimate China needs between ______ and ______ new pilots annually since 2000.A．770; 1,200B．1,200; 1,300C．1,200; 1,600D．1,300; 1,600正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：West Aft’lean leaders say they are cautiously in favor of using genetically modified crops. But non-governmental organizations are calling for a five-year moratorium so more research can be done. The issue is being discussed at a U. S. -sponsored conference in Burkina Faso. During the three-day conference, which started Monday, West African leaders said they want assurances that genetically modified products are safe for the people who eat or use them, and for the environment. (7) But the leaders say that in general they believe the genetically modified crops will lead to higher agricultural productivity and therefore should be used. But non-governmental organizations in West Africa remain unconvinced. A protest by non-governmental organization is planned for Wednesday, when the conference ends.7．West African leaders who want assurances believe the genetically modified crops will lead toA．higher financial earnings.B．more genetically modified crops.C．higher agricultural productivity.D．more genetically modified products.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：China’s automobile revolution is accelerating; (8) despite efforts by the government to slow what many economists believe is an overheating of its economy. China is the fastest growing ear market in the world, and sales next year are expected to climb 20 percent from last year. Meanwhile, the world’s automakers have announced they will launch massive expansion projects in China. In recent months, banks have started to tighten their lending criteria, in part a response to what analysts say are the government’s efforts to stop China’s rapidly growing economy from overheating, but ear sales are skyrocketing, with many Chinese using their savings to purchase new cars.8．Many economists believe that the fast-paced growth of car market in China is A．a proof of abundance.B．an overheating of its economy.C．an attraction of investment.D．a result of foreign expansion projects.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力听力原文：(9) A 12-storey building has collapsed in the Egyptian capitalCairo after a fire in the lower floors. A number of people are trapped in the wreckage and about 30 people were injured. The fire broke out in the ground floor of the 12-storey building in the modern suburb of Cairo. Police officials say it started in a fast food restaurant or possibly in an adjacent home appliances shop. Hundreds of residents lived in the apartment block. They were able to leave before the building collapsed 3 hours after the fire started. (10) Policemen and firemen, however, were trapped when the upper floors came crashing down. Working under floodlights, their colleagues have been battling to free them from the rabble. The governor of Cairn said the collapsed building had planning permission for 4 floors only. But at least 7 other floors were added on illegally.9．The fire broke out in ______ of the 12-storey building.A．the ground floorB．the second floorC．the fourth floorD．the seventh floor正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力10．Who were the majority in the people trapped in the wreekage?A．Residents nearby.B．Clients in the fast-food restaurant.C．Shoppers.D．Policemen and firemen.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力。
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主观题 15分 3、Fibrous feedstuffs are bulky --they weigh less than more concentrated feeds for the volume they occupy.
正常使用主观题需2.0以上版本雨课堂
正常使用主观题需2.0以上版本雨课堂
主观题 15分 2、Endocrine integration is brought about by hormones, chemical messengers produced by ductless glands that are transported in the circulation to target cells, where they regulate the metabolic processes.
正常使用主观题需2.0以上版本雨课堂
三、段落翻译
主观题 30分
In large paddocks where feed is plentiful, the sheep tend to remain as one flock. The time devoted to grassing is reduced and ram—ewe contact, mating activity and reproductive performance are high. Where feed availability falls, sheep in large paddocks disperse and devote much time to grassing. Contact between rams and ewes diminishes and mating activity and reproductive performance falls. When sheep are in small paddocks with plentiful feed and without a maze, a factor which will reduce contact, reproductive performance might be at normal levels.
主观题 15分 4、Modern genetics and experimental embryology make it clear that, in many species, the multiple differences between the male and the female depend primarily on a single chromosome (the Y chromosome) and a single pair of endocrine structures, the testes in the male and the ovaries in the female.
专业英语Байду номын сангаас卷
总分: 100
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一、单词翻译
主观题 10分 1、Membrane 2、chromosome 3、gonadotropin 4、absorption 5、angiotensin
正常使用主观题需2.0以上版本雨课堂
二、翻译句子
主观题 15分 1、The joints of the skeleton need oiling to reduce wear. Where the bones meet, they are covered with a pack of cartilage which acts as a shock absorber and provides a wear-resistant surface.
正常使用主观题需2.0以上版本雨课堂