第1单元 口译简介Essentials of Interpreting - 副本 - 副本 - 副本

What is the so-called “key word” in a sentence?
“Key word”should be the words that convey speaker's main ideas and intentions. It reveals speaker's focus and emphasis in a speech.
Definition of Interpreting (ii)
Interpretation means an extempore oral reproduction, in one language, of what is said in another language. It cannot be viewed as a merely linguistic undertaking, but should be regarded as an aspect of a larger domain, namely, that of communication. (zhong shukong, 1999)
From which four perspectives can we identify key words in a sentence to get the key information?
A key word can be noticed from its part of speech, syntactic structure, semantic analysis, and tones.
Basic Requirements for Interpreters (ⅱ)
Non-linguistic knowledge
*General (common sense) knowledge *Subject knowledge *Situational (Contextual) knowledge *Cultural knowledge
Working conditions No replacement Fidelity Integrity
Professional ethics
Summary
The Definition of Interpreting History of Professional Interpreting The Types of Interpreting The Criteria of Interpreting Basic Requirements for Interpreters
The Types of Interpreting
In terms of content: * guide interpreting *ceremony interpreting *information interpreting *conference interpreting * negotiation interpreting
Interpreters need to have an overall comprehension as well as sufficient detailed understanding. What’s more, interpreters should be able to infer and predict speaker’s intention, thought and purposes.
History of Interpreting
The symbols of the formal establishment of conference interpreting as a profession
The first interpreting school was set up in 1950 in Geneva, Switzerland;
In terms of ways: *one-way interpreting * two-way interpreting
Basic Requirements for Interpreters(ⅰ)
Linguistic knowledge *At least a bilingual *Large vocabulary *Comprehension at one hearing *Knowing the structure of both languages *Fluency in expression
On the semantic level, we should pay more attention to the new information than the information we've already known.
In terms of tones, we need to notice the words which the speaker stress.
Chapter one
Identifying key words in sentences
Interpreting skills
Please go through Part 1 quickly and find the answers to the following questions.
What standards do interpreters have to meet as for listening?
Faithfulness Expressiveness Quick response
The Types of Interpreting
In terms of form:
consecutive interpreting simultaneous interpreting sight interpreting
AIIC, the International Association of Conference Interpreters, was founded on Nov. 11, 1953 with its Secretariat in Geneva.
The Criteria of Interpreting
（Ren Wen）
History of Interpreting
Interpreting as a practice
West
• Pharaoh’s time Egypt • 3,000 BC
China
• Zhou Dynasty • 1100--770 BC
History of Interpreting
Collegiality Professional secrecy Punctuality Appropriate dressing Thorough preparation
Professional ethics
Do not accept an assignment for which you are not qualified.
Basic Requirements for Interpreters (ⅳ)
Psychological quality Confident and unaffected Calm and poised Neither humble nor haughty Flexible and quick-witted
Definition of Interpreting (iii)
Interpreting is the oral transposition of an orally delivered message from one language to another. It also refers to the exchange of message between a spoken language and a sign language. Its aim is to bridge the linguistic and cultural barriers in the intercultural communication.
Interpreting as a profession
Two historical events stimulated the development of the profession
*The Paris Peace Conference of 1919 *The Nuremberg Trials of Nazi war criminals in 1945–1946
Basic requirements for interpreters Professional ethics
Definition of Interpreting (i)
Interpreting is a form of Translation in which a first and final rendition in another language is produced on the basis of a one-time presentation of an utterance in a source language (Pochhacker 2004)
What is the so-called “key word”in a sentence? From which four perspectives can we identify key
words in a sentence to grasp the key information?
What standards do interpreters need to meet as for listening?
A key word is usually a noun, a verb, an adjective or a pronoun;