05专题1 语法填空与短文改错 第二部分 语法精析 第三节 名词、冠词和数词
st October，while tending her garden in Mora，Sweden，Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small carrots (carrot) and was about to throw them away.(2017·浙江)
3.When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting competition (compete) to watch，together with the story behind it.(2019·全国Ⅲ)
解析 考查名词复数。side effect副作用，由前面的some和下文中的两个例子 overweight and heart disease可知名词effect用复数形式effects。
5.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible_c_r_o_w_d_s_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.
[技法指导] (一)提示词是名词，首先分析句子，如需要改变词性，根据语境确认用哪种词性。 构词法——常见的词根词缀 ①-en动词后缀 strength→strengthen加强 fright→frighten使害怕 length→lengthen延长 ②-fy 动词后缀 beauty→beautify美化 qualification→qualify使取得(资格) class→classify分类
12.My name is Mireya Mayor.I’m a scientist(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.(2018·全国Ⅲ)
解析 考查词形转换之名词构词法。由空后的who可知，定语从句的先行词是 表示人的名词。scientist科学家。
解析 考查名词。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词 形式，故填belief。
2.We are so proud of her.It’s wonderful (wonder).(2019·全国Ⅱ)
解析 考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后应用形容词作 表语，故填wonderful。
解析 考查形容词。are是系动词，其后常用形容词作表语，tradition是名词， “传统”的意思，因此，用其形容词形式。故填traditional。
7.It’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and _m__ea_n__in_g_f_u_l_(meaning) college experience.(2019·北京)
解 析 考 查 形 容 词 。 这 里 与 前 面 的 healthy 并 列 ， 修 饰 后 面 的 名 词 college experience，故此处也要用形容词形式。故填meaningful。
8.Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight (weigh) problems.(2018·浙江)
4.This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界) as a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side effects(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
3.A mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes (cause).(2018·全国Ⅰ)
解析 考查名词复数。cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，前面有all， 故填cause的复数形式。
解析 考查词性转换之名词变动词。此处不定式短语作目的状语，故填 strength的动词形式strengthen。
10.Running is cheap，easy and it’s always energetic (energy).(2018·全国Ⅰ)
解析 考查词性转换之名词变形容词。连系动词is后接形容词作表语，故填 energy的形容词形式energetic。
11.According to the World Bank，China accounts for about 30 percent of total __g_lo_b_a_l_(globen...(2018·全国Ⅱ)
解析 考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。修饰名词短语fertilizer consumption 应用形容词，名词globe的形容词形式是global。
③-ize/-ise动词后缀 apology→apologiz(s)e道歉 memory→memorize记住 ④常见形容词后缀 名词＋-y sun→sunny阳光充足的 fog→foggy有雾的 wealth→wealthy富有的 health→healthy健康的 noise→noisy吵闹的
解析 考查名词复数。根据后面的谓语动词show，表示复数形式，故主语也应 是复数形式。
[技法指导] 提示词是名词，首先分析句子，确认不需要改变词性，就可以考虑用名词复数 形式。一些标志词可以快速确认。 1.修饰词 ①one of＋名词复数。 ② 大 于 2 的 基 数 词 ， different ， various ， many ， these/those ， few ， a few ， several，all，both，other，a (large) number of，a couple of，a dozen of， dozens of，a handful of 后用名词复数。 ③some后如果名词可数，要用复数。 2.谓语动词：如果所填的名词作主语，谓语动词是复数形式are，were，have或 动词原形，则用名词复数。
考点二 高频考点
名词动词互换 名词变形容词
1.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a _b_e_l_ie_f_(believe) that populations are increasing.(2019·全国Ⅰ)
(2017·全国Ⅱ)
解析 考查名词复数。crowd是可数名词，且前面没有限定词，故应用复数形式。
6.She has turned down several invitations (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.(2017·全国Ⅲ)
解析 考查名词。由空前的an interesting可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故 填competition。
4.They also shared with us many traditional(tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.(2019·全国Ⅲ)
PART 1
题型一 关于名词、冠词和数词的语法填空
考点一 名词单复数
记牢标志词 妥妥得分
1.No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various _a_c_ti_v_it_i_es_(activity) on Earth Day.(2019·北京)
解析 考查词形转换。此处应用名词作定语修饰problems，weight problems意 为“体重问题”。
9.To avoid knee pain ， you can run on soft surfaces ， do exercises to _s_t_r_e_n_g_th__en__(strength) your leg muscles( 肌 肉 ) ， avoid hills and get good running shoes.(2018·全国Ⅰ)
专题一 语法填空与短文改错
第二部分 语法精析
第三节 名词、冠词和数词
题型一 关于名词、冠词和数词的语法填空 题型二 关于名词、冠词和数词的短文改错 增分训练
[考向分析]
语法填空：名词考查重点为单复数，变动词和形容词；冠词是考查热 点，多关注固定结构；数词考查较少。 热考点 短文改错： 名词重点考查可数名词未用复数和不可数名词误用复数； 冠词的误用和漏用都要关注；数词考查基数词变化为序数词。 2019全国卷中减少了对名词单复数的考查，加强了对名词变动词或形 新考向 容词的考查。
解析 考查形容词。空格处修饰名词stories，应用形容词，tradition的形容词 形式为traditional，故填traditional。
2020版高考英语大二轮复习专题一语法填空与短文改错第二部分语法精析第五节代词和介词(短语)课件新人教版
9.This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界)_a_s a method of fighting heart disease ， has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.(2017·全国Ⅰ)
解析 考查代词之人称代词。分析句子结构可知，此处要用代词作find的宾语， 故要用人称代词的宾格。they的宾格为them。
5.Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018·浙江)
解析 考查介词。此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定 语，用of连接，methods of doing sth. 意为“……的方法”。或者意为“用于跟 踪北极熊的方法”用for。故填of/for。
2.We were first greeted with the barking by a pack of dogs，seven to be exact. (2019·全国Ⅲ)
解析 考查反身代词。根据语境可知，hurt这一动作的发出者和承受者为同一 人，故应用I的反身代词形式，意为“她认为我伤了我自己”，故填myself。
2018-2019版高考英语大二轮复习第一部分语篇填空和短文改错专题二名词、冠词、代词、数词和主谓一致(完形
专题二名词、冠词、代词、数词和主谓一致(+完形填空+语篇填空)A级基础过关Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2018山东烟台二模)Like many athletic (activity),yoga comes with some risk.As (it) popularity has gradually risen,so has the number of yoga-related injuries.答案activities;its2.(2018四川乐山二模)They tested 520 university students on their memory and intelligence when in the presence of a smart phone to see how affected them.答案it3.(2018广东深圳一模)Mulan’s characteristics,such as courag e,kindness and a disinterested attitude toward fame and fortune,made (she) one of the most respected historical Chinese heroines.答案her4.(2018四川乐山三模)The Moroccan diet is rich in fruits and vegetables.Throughout history,as each new culture moved to Morocco,they introduced (they) own tastes and styles into the country.答案their5.(2018内蒙古赤峰4月模拟)Two of my (hero) have completed a bigproject.答案heroes6.(2018安徽江淮十校4月联考)In Chinese culture,each year is related toChinese animal according to the 12-year cycle.答案a7.(2018山东泰安二模) “My wallet is no longer in use.I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone,”said university student,adding that even pancake sellers are using mobile payment.答案a8.They are called latchkey children,who look after (them) while their parents work.答案themselves9.(2018新疆乌鲁木齐三模)An early use of the word “chickenfeed” appeared in 1930 in an American book about a rich man and son.“Chickenfeed” also has another interesting meaning.答案his10.(2018湖南株洲二模)Temple fairs,originating along with the development of Buddhist and Taoist activities,(be) a kind of mass gatherings that integrate(融合) religious worship,entertainment and commerce.Ⅱ.单句改错1.(2018河北保定二模)They send letters to businesses,go to job interviews,and ask our friends and relations for help.2.(2018山东济南二模)Then we began to play with them.I drew picture with the older kids,and my classmates told stories to the younger ones.3.(2018河北唐山三模)Recite poems not only enriches my knowledges,but also makes my job less boring.4.(2018安徽江南十校二模联考)That’s true.A friend of me,who often does the same thing,is beginning to feel bad too.5.(2018安徽江南十校二模联考)Instead,we should work out to keep healthy,because anything is more important than health.6.(2018重庆三模) We met each other at junior high school.She was shortest in our class at that time.前面加the7.(2018河南洛阳三模) I know someday I’ll have a same feeling as this lovely man.8.(2018陕西西安八校联考) I know a teacher mood may influence his students,especially our attitudes towards study.9.(2018河南郑州三模) Some students cut potatoes into pieces,some dug hole,and the others put the pieces of potatoes into the holes,put the earth back and pushed them down hard.答案hole→holes;them→it10.The situation is even worse in the least developed countries—only one in 10 people have regular access to the Internet.答案have→hasB级能力提升Ⅲ.完形填空(2018山东泰安二模)These days,upcycling(升级改造) is popular with people.They 1 something unique from existing materials rather than buy more.My granny,Bobo has spent 92 years doing just that out of necessity.Wasting time and resources was 2 an option in the world she grew up in.With seven children to 3 ,she lived a hard and economical life.Bobo has been upcycling 4 the day Great-Granny Annie put a needle in her hand and taught her how to give new 5 to every fabric(织物)in their farmhouse.Just like Bobo,my mother,Cindy, 6 making her clothes.She 7 her homecoming dress and bought the fabric with money she earned 8 at the can factory.One generation passed on to the next the 9 of creating something beautiful and useful by hand.Granny’s and Mom’s sewing skills meant that no matter thebudget,Christmas,birthday,and wedding gifts were 10 .From a baby blanket to abib(围嘴),each treasure 11 a special quality of personalization.In my home I am 12 by upcycling at its best.Thanks to Bobo’s 13 ways,the artistry of handwork lives on in four 14 of crafters.Granny Bobo lived it.Mom carried it on.I am picking it up by listening and15 .Now my daughter,Greta,is also learning to use those 16 .I sit and watch 17 as Bobo’s hands weave needle and thread.In 92 years,her hands have known and 18 life,home and family.Age has brought the 19 of some memories.But if you listen to her stories while she 20 ,you’ll journey back to the old farm with her.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。
短文改错和语法填空专题
专题复习---短文改错和语法填空课题：高三二轮复习（专题--短文改错和语法填空）二轮复习资料目标：继续夯实基础知识，做好二轮、三轮复习，备战高考重点：1、高考考纲单词、短语及句式句型的精析复习。
2、对学生语感的培养。
3、针对高考题型，分别介绍和梳理解题技巧，使学生多得分。
4、加强学生对书写的练习。
一、短文改错知识目标：（1）. 了解高考短文改错试题结构相对稳定。
即：设置10项判断。
其中有去词，加词和改词三项，共10处错误。
（一般情况下，去词和加词各出现一个，其余为改词。
）（2）．掌握做短文改错的几种方法。
并运用到实际学习中。
能力目标：（1）．要求答题规范，在做题中遵循规范化模式。
（2）．充分运用教学改革中使用的预习提纲、学习目标去预习----学习---巩固所学知识。
情感目标：使学生在愉快中了解学习方法，从而自如、自信的运用所学知识去迎接高考教学方法：采用问答式、讲练形式、小组活动和个体活动相结合方法.教学重难点：1. 重点：短文改错方法中的：动词的混用；虚词的添加与删除，逻辑不清，固定用法的误判等2. 难点：正确运用“浏览全文，了解大意。
逐句分析，逐句改错。
复读全文，仔细推敲，最后复查”的解题策略短文改错口诀：动词形，名词数；注意形和副；非谓动词细辨别；习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析；逻辑错误须关注。
一. 动词形主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。
例如：My favourite sport is football. I was member of our school football team. (is)Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. (are)上述两例分别属于时态错误和主、谓不一致错误。
找出此类错误的关键是树立牢固的时态概念，注意短文内容发生或存在的时间，保持时间概念的一致性。
二. 名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。
通用版最新高考二轮复习第三板块语法填空与短文改错NO再研考点第一层级第一讲名词和冠词讲义英语
第一讲名词和冠词在高考中，语法填空和短文改错重点考查名词的单复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。
在语法填空和短文改错中，解答有关名词的题目时，一要根据在句中所作的成分确定是否使用名词。
名词在句中常用作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。
二要根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语的情况以及主谓一致原则来确定名词单复数。
（一）考点练悟（用所给词的适当形式填空）It was late at night. Two １．________ （German）were sleeping in their room when suddenly, one of them, Mrs. Green, was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his luck. She had three thousand ２．______ （dollar）in her pocket. “What should I do？Many ３．______ （thief）usually bring ４．________ （knife）with them，” she thought in ５．________ （silent）. After two 6．________ （minute）search, the thief happened to touch a sports suit. It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room, so he went out to the next room where two 7．________ （Frenchman）were sleeping. When he was looking for 8．________ （money）or some 9．________ （jewel）in the next room, Mrs. Green woke up her husband quickly and called the police. And then the thief knew what had happeneＤ．He was so scared that he took out a knife. Just then the police showed up. Before the thief ran away, the police caught him. For Mrs. Green, it was really an unusual １0．________ （experience）．答案：１．Germans ２．dollars３．thieves４．knives５．silence6．minutes' 7．Frenchmen 8．money 9．jewels/jewelry １0．experience（二）快捷技法思考趋向解题规则１．可数名词复数的规则变化：（１）一般情况下在词尾直接加s（２）以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词，在词尾加es（３）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，将y变为i，再加es（４）以元音字母加y结尾的名词，在词尾直接加s（５）以o结尾的名词，无生命的常在词尾加s，如pianos, photos；有生命的在词尾加es，如potatoes, heroes等（6）以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f或fe为v，再加es。
语法填空及短文改错课件
来
啦
1、阅读理解语篇的能力; 2、分析句子结构的能力; 3、熟练运用语法,短语的能力。
Test yourself
If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别)those of g4r1ea(tgererat)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real senascehoief v4e2ment (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 4i3s (be) often acceptable. Most of us are more focused 4o4nour tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive a45s possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.
you are not permit to take them out. permitted
【2006 NMET】
➢ We had guests last night who have not stayed in a
高考英语二轮总复习 第1部分 语篇型语法填空和短文改错 专题1 名词和冠词
意:——戴夫,去向你妈妈说对不起。——我愿意去,但是我担心她 不满意我的道歉。
基础自诊·夯基固本
-7-
7.Only in this way can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience
a variety of fruits;all kinds of fishes (3)常见的单复数意义不同的名词有: work(工作),works(作品); value(价值),values(价值观); manner(方式),manners(礼貌); custom(风俗),customs(海关)等。
高频考点·探究突破
-10-
一二
2.名词的所有格 (1)有生命的人或物的所有格一般由名词加-’s构成,几个人共有 或几个词作为一个单位时,在最后一个名词后加-’s;若表示各自的 所属关系时,各个名词的末尾都要加-’s,因此要注意此时主谓一致 的区别。如: Mary’s and Mike’s mothers usually go to the cinema on
一二
高频考点·探究突破
-14-
(2)形容词比较级前用定冠词表示“两者当中较……的”,而形容词 比较级前用不定冠词表示“再/更……”;most前用定冠词表示“三者 或三者以上中最……的”,most前用不定冠词,并无比较含义,相当于 very。如:
Which is the larger country,Canada or Australia? 加拿大和澳大利亚,哪个国家更大?
You are the most beautiful girl that I have met. 你是我遇见的最美丽的女孩。 It is a most useful book.(a most useful相当于a very useful) 那是一本非常有用的书。
2024高考英语短文改错知识点清单与技巧总结
2024高考英语短文改错知识点清单与技巧总结高考英语短文改错是考生最容易出错的题型之一。
为了帮助同学们更好地备考，下面将总结出一份2024高考英语短文改错的知识点清单，并提供一些解题技巧供参考。
一、名词单复数错误在短文改错中，名词单复数错误是一个常见的错误类型。
特别是对于一些名词的复数形式容易混淆的情况，比如：child-children、man-men、woman-women等等。
因此，同学们在做题时要特别注意名词的单复数形式。
二、动词时态错误动词时态错误也是一个常见的错误类型。
在改错时，同学们需要仔细分析上下文，确定动词的时态是否正确。
同时，要注意一些常见的时态使用规则，如：一般现在时用于客观真理、演绎法和表示经常性动作；一般过去时用于过去的时间和过去的状态；现在进行时用于表示现阶段正在进行的动作等等。
三、冠词错误冠词错误也是考生常犯的错误之一。
在改错时，同学们需要掌握冠词的基本用法。
例如，当某物品是特指的时候使用定冠词"the"，当某物品是泛指的时候使用不定冠词"a/an"，当某物品是不可数名词时不用冠词等等。
四、代词错误代词错误也是高考英语短文改错中常见的错误类型之一。
同学们在做题时要注意代词的指代关系是否明确、单复数是否匹配等问题。
同时，注意一些特殊的代词用法，如：it作形式主语、形式宾语和形式表语；one作人称代词只能用于单数形式等等。
五、形容词与副词错误形容词与副词的错误也是考生常犯的问题。
在短文改错时，同学们需要判断形容词还是副词的用法，并根据上下文来进行判断。
同时，要遵循一些形容词和副词的基本规则，如：形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词、形容词和副词等等。
六、介词和介词短语错误介词和介词短语的错误也常见于短文改错题中。
同学们在改错时要根据上下文的语境来选择正确的介词。
同时，注意一些常用介词的搭配，如：look forward to、depend on、belong to等等。
高考英语二轮复习讲义：专题一+语法填空与短文改错+第二部分+第一节+Word版含解析
第二部分语法精析第一节谓语动词(动词的时态和语态、主谓一致)考向分析题型一关于谓语动词的语法填空Tip 1辨明时态标志词1.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements...(2019·全国Ⅰ)答案have reported解析考查时态和主谓一致。
根据时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，主语为some Inuit people，故填have reported。
2．Irene said，“I don’t see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I (make) over the years...”(2019·全国Ⅱ)答案have made解析考查动词的时态。
根据定语从句中的时间状语over the years可知，此处用现在完成时态。
故填have made。
3.Since 2011，the country (grow) more corn than rice.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案has grown解析考查时态和主谓一致。
由时间状语since 2011可知，句子用现在完成时，主语the country 是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has grown。
4．The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government(start) a soiltesting program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011，fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案started解析考查时态。
专题1 语法填空与短文改错 第2节 基础语法 第2节 冠词
第2节冠词语法填空对冠词的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：冠词的基本用法；冠词的固定搭配或习惯用法；以及抽象名词和物质名词前冠词的用法。
短文改错以冠词的错用和冠词的缺少或多余的形式考查。
【单句语法填空】1．Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years，while rice has increased only 7 percent.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案the解析“over/in/during the past/last＋时间段”为固定结构，特指过去的多长时间里。
2．As result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.(2017·全国Ⅰ) 答案 a解析as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。
故填a。
3．But unlike her school friends,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term resting.Instead，she is earning ￡6,500 a day as model in New York.(2017·全国Ⅲ)答案 a解析根据句意和语境可知，萨拉只是纽约众多模特中的一个，是泛指；而且model的第一个音素是辅音，故用不定冠词a。
4．This included digging up the road，laying the track and then building a strong roof over top.(2017·全国Ⅱ) 答案the解析修饰名词top，表特指，要用定冠词the，故填the。
【单句改错】(每小题仅有1处错误)5．During my last winter holiday，I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.(2018·全国Ⅰ) 答案countryside前加the解析固定短语go to the countryside意为“去乡下”。
高考英语二轮复习专题一语法运用第三节基础保分一名词和冠词课件
(二)冠词 冠词是语法填空题的常考点，经常考查不定冠词a，an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定 搭配。解答冠词类题目时，首先需要明确设空处是表示特指还是泛指，如果是前者用 the，后者则需要再判断用a还是an。短文改错中的冠词类题目，除了判断是表示特指 还是泛指外，还需要注意单数可数名词前是否有冠词，同时对常见的固定搭配中的冠 词也要熟练掌握。
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5．(2019·湖北鄂东期中)They might not be used to having total freedom (free) in how they plan their days and nights. 6．(2019·浙江杭州质检)I've dined alone in fine restaurants for decades with great sati sfaction (satisfy) and no need or desire for company.
and mistake as well. mistakes
4．(2019·陕西西安期中检测) My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. 答案：My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest .
honesty 5．(2019·河南郑州质量检测) When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found
their neighborhood in ruin. 答案：When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in