浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语历年考研试题
浙江师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题
![浙江师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/49c142780066f5335a812175.png)
目 录2011年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Vocabulary and Grammar (30%, 1.5 points each)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1．These small firms _____ not long ago in order to meet the increasing demands for more electrical appliances.A. clusteredB. assembledC. linkedD. amalgamated【答案】D【解析】句意：为了应对电子设备需求的增长，这些小公司前不久实现了合并。
选项中四个单词均有“聚集、合拢”的意思，但侧重点不同。
（机构、公司）amalgamate合并。
cluster（人）聚集。
assemble集合；组装。
link联系。
因此，本题的正确答案为D。
2．My aunt has decided to spend her _____ years in the suburbs of Shanghai.A. diminishingB. decliningC. reducingD. dwindling【答案】B【解析】句意：我的阿姨决定在上海的郊区安度她的晚年。
本题考查惯用搭配。
选项中四个单词均有“下降、减少”的意思，但只有declining years为惯用搭配，意为“晚年”。
2020浙江杭州师范大学翻译硕士英语考研真题
2020浙江杭州师范大学翻译硕士英语考研真题I. Vocabulary and grammar (30’)SectionAMultiple choice (20’)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1. Creativity should not be as an exceptional talent; it is a basic skill that can be mastered with the right teaching.A. replacedB. perceivedC. cultivatedD. probed2. These guests were to the host for his gracious and impressive hospitality.A. contemptuousB. resentfulC. obligedD. mighty3. Whatever we attempt to do, we mustn’t our main objective.A. attainB. rejectC. lose sight ofD. prosecute4. With the passage of time, some words are beginning to a new sense.A. go aboutB. take onC. draw uponD. turn out5. Tourism, particularly ecotourism, helps promote of wildlife and natural resources.A. conservationB. distinctionC. extinctionD. aspiration6. Despite the changes in this country, many tough issues remain unsolved.A. radicalB. reversibleC. rigorousD. insensible7. Life is stressful, so it is always difficult to work, school and family.A. encounterB. eliminateC. illuminateD. prioritize8. People who diabetes have to minimize their daily consumption of sugar.A. make up forB. crack down onC. take fancy toD. are stricken with9. The city was paralyzed by the transit strike for better wages.A. subjectivelyB. imaginablyC. virtuallyD. positively10. The changes brought about by digital technologies have impacted the whole world.A. novelB. adverseC. profoundD. prospective11. The camps are not usual tent-type camps. They are mostly long-established,structures, often with strange Islamic names.A. historicalB. monotonousC. permanentD.raw12. Among all the changes resulting from the ______ entry of women into the work force, the transformation that has occurred in the women themselves is not the least important.A. massiveB. quantitativeC. surplusD. formidable13. The manufacturing in China is expected to continue to expand in 2019 despite the slight decline of an index.A. versionB. sectorC. questD.factor14. Researchers say that cigarettes is necessary to dramatically reduce the chance of cardiovascular problems.A. carrying outB. breaking outC. cutting outD. putting out15. Econo mic recessions will weaken one’s confidence in the government and threaten social.A. cohesionB. erosionC. illusionD. evasion16. The Mexican settlers built cities and missions in what become California.A. used toB. would ratherC. was toD. had better17. Each of us is working hard to get happiness which brings substantial benefitsfor society .A. by mere chanceB. at great lengthC. all at onceD. as a whole18. Although the colonists ______ to some extent with the native Americans, the Indians’ influence on American culture and language was not extensive.A. migratedB. matchedC. mingledD. melted19. Most readers believe that this book is, thoughtful and informative.A. intriguingB. ambiguousC. compulsiveD. imperative20. Some of the recent actions of the government are their statement of policy.A. in the interest ofB. in conformity withC. in proportion toD. in the event ofSectionB Proofreading and error c orrection (10’)The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error.In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correctit in the following way:For a wrong word underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the lineFor a missing word mark the position of the missing word with a “Λ” sign andwrite the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of theline.For an unnecessary word cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/”and put theword in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhenΛart museum wants a new exhibit,(1) anIt never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitMany people are disturbed by the genetic diversify of (1) cancers--- an inevitable result of random evolution. (2) Cancer therapies used to be applied fairly random or (3) Carelessly, but nowadays many believe that effectivetherapies need to be specific and tailoring to genetic (4) faults in each individual’s cancer. Therefore, a personalized(5)treatment disregards the most fundamental reason (6)it is difficult to cure cancers once for all: cancer cellsadapt and evolve with response to treatment. Even drugs (7) that are initially effective often have a progressive (8) diminishing effect, as the biological systems blockedof the treatment spontaneously compensateof rerouting (9)the cancer cell’s internal wiring, in restoring the cancer’s (10)ability to spread. To use an analogy, in the absence ofshort cuts, evolution takes over: naturally arising mutantcancer cells that are resistant to the targeted drug rapidlyoutgrow their disabled siblings and cancer comes back.II. Reading comprehension(40’)Section A Multiple choice (20’)Directions: In this section there are two passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on the answer sheet. Passage AThe language of rights now dominates political debate in the United States. Does the Government respect the moral and political rights of its citizens? Or does the Government’s war policy, or its race policy, fly in the face of these rights? Do the minorities whose rights have been violated have the right to violate the law in return? Or does the silent majority itself have rights, including the right that those who break the law be published? It is not surprising that these questions are now prominent. The concept of rights, and particularly the concept of rights against the Government, has its most natural use when a political society is divided, and appeals to co-operation or a common goal are pointless.The debate does not include the issue of whether citizens have some moral rights against their Government. It seems accepted on all sides that they do. Conventional lawyers and politicians take it as a point of pride that our legal system recognizes, for example, individual rights of free speech, equality, and due process. They base their claim that our law deserves respect, at least in part, on that fact, for they would not claim that totalitarian system deserve the same loyalty.Some philosophers, of cause, reject the idea that citizens have rights apart from what the law happens to give them. Bentham thought that the idea of moral rights was “nonsense on stilts”. But that view has never been part of our orthodox political theory, and politicians of both parties appeal to the rights of the people to justify a great part of what they want to do. I shall not be concerned, in this essay, to defend the thesis that citizens have moral rights against their governments;I want instead to explore the implications of that thesis for those, including the present United States Government, who profess to accept it.It is much in dispute, of cause, what particular rights citizens have. Does the acknowledged right to free speech, for example, include the right to participate in nuisance demonstrations? In practice, the Government will have the last word on what an individual’s rights are, because its police will do what the officials and courts say. But that does not mean that the Government’s view is necessarily the correct view, anyone who thinks it does must believe that men and women have such moral rights as Government chooses to grant, which means they have no moral rights at all.All this is sometimes obscured in the United States by the constitutional system. The American Constitution provides a set of individual legal rights in the FirstAmendment, and in due process, equal protection, and similar clauses. Under present legal practice the Supreme Court has the power to declare an act of Congress or of a state legislature void if the Court finds that the act offends these provisions. This practice has had some commentators to suppose that individual moral rights are fully protected by this system, but that is hardly so, nor could it be so.1. In the United States nowadays__________.A. politicians are discussing about the right language.B. politicians are debating about what is right and what is wrong.C. language is the most important theme in the political debate.D. we can hear lots of talks about rights.2. It is onl y natural that questions about citizens’ rights are now prominent because__________A. the minorities are violating the law.B. the political society in the USA is divided.C. the silent majority wants to punish those who have violated the law.D. people are looking for a common goal.3. Which of the following statements is not true?A. It is generally agreed that citizens should have some moral rights.B. It is a moral right of the citizens to respect the legal system.C. Citizens’ moral rights include fr ee speech, equality and due process.D. The legal system deserves respect because it recognizes citizens’ moral rights.4. In this essay the author will not be concerned to defend the thesis that citizens have moral rights against their government because__________A. this thesis has never bee put into question in the mainstream political theory.B. he shares the view of those philosophers who think that citizens only have the rights that the law gives them.C. this thesis has appeal to politicians of both parties.D. the United States government professes to accept this thesis.5. The author believes that__________A. the United States Constitution protects citizens’ moral rights but the government does not.B. the Supreme Court has the power to protect c itizens’ moral rights but it does not do that.C. Citizens’ moral rights could not be fully protected by the present legal practice.D. the United States Constitution does not have provisions that fully protect citizens’ moral rights.Passage BWhat do yo u do when everyone hates you? That is the problem faced by America’s pharmaceutical industry. Despite its successes in treating disease and extending longevity, soaring health-care costs and bumper profits mean that big drug firms are widely viewed as exploitative, and regarded almost as unfavorably as tobaccoand oil firms (see chart). Last week, at a conference organized by The Economist in Philadelphia, the drug industry was offered some advice from an unlikely source: a tobacco firm. Steven Parrish of Altria, the conglomerate that includes Philip Morris, gave his perspective on how an industry can improve its tarnished public image.Comparing the tobacco and pharmaceutical industries might seem absurd, or even offensive.“Their products kill people. Our products save people's lives,” says Alan Holmer, the head of the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America, an industry association. Yet the drug giants currently face an unprecedented onslaught of class-action lawsuits and public scrutiny; industry bosses are being grilled by lawmakers asking who knew what and when. It is all reminiscent of what happened to the tobacco industry in 1994.Mr. Parrish advised drug firms to abandon their bunker mentality and engage with their critics. Rather than arguing about the past, he said, it is better to move on, and give people something new to think about. (Philip Morris now acknowledges, for example, that cigarettes are addictive and deadly, and is trying to develop less harmful products.) Not everyone is open to persuasion, so focus on those who are, he said. But changing opinions takes time and demands deeds as well as words: “This is not about spin, this is about change.”The pharmaceutical industry is pursuing a range of initiatives to mollify its critics, Mr. Holmer noted in his own speech. But Mr. Parrish suggested that speaking with one voice through a trade association might be counter-productive, since it can give the impression that the industry is a monolithic cartel. And too much advertising, he said, can actually antagonize people further.The audience was generally receptive, claims Mr. Parrish. This is not the first time he has offered his thoughts on dealing with implacable critics. At a conference at the University of Michigan last year, he o ffered America’s State Department advice on improving America’s image in the Middle East. So does his prescription work? There has been a positive shift in attitudes towards tobacco firms, if only a small one. But at least, for once, a tobacco firm is peddling a cure, rather than a disease.1. Why is America’s pharmaceutical industry so unpopular?A. Because it, like tobacco and oil firms, does harm to people‘s health and environment.B. Because it fails to cure disease and make people live longer.C. Because the prices of its products are too high and its profit margin is too wide.D. Because it exploits its employees.2. Alan Holmer is quoted to illustrate that __________A. the comparison between tobacco and pharmaceutical industries might seem ridiculous, or even insulting.B. the pharmaceutical industries agree that they are similar to tobacco industry.C. tobacco products do more harm to people than pharmaceutical products.D. pharmaceutical industries are currently facing lots of problems.3. According to the text, Mr. Parrish gives the following suggestions to drug firms except__________A. To acknowledge the problems and try to do something to improve their images.B. Not to react to the public in one voice through the drug association.C. Not to care about the past.D. To try to spend time and energy to persuade the majority of the audience who are open to persuasion.4. The word “mollify” (Line 1, Paragraph 4) might mean?A. placateB. enrageC. fightD. relieve5. What does the author imply by sayi ng “This is not the first time he has offered histhoughts on dealing with implacable critics.”?A. Mr. Parrish has offered his advice to other on dealing with tough critics for several times.B. Mr. Parrish has dealt successfully with other critics himself.C. Mr. Parrish has given sound advice to drug firms.D. Mr. Parrish has been of help to others on critical moments.Section B Answering questions(20’)Directions: Read the following two passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answers on the answer sheet.Questions 1-3New tools offer new opportunities, but what are the risks and who benefits?Human intervention for the improvement of crops, trees, livestock and fish is nothing new. For millennia, humans have bred, crossed and selected those varieties, ecotypes and breeds that were more productive, better adapted or particularly useful.Conventional breeding practices can now be complemented by a number of new and powerful techniques. Some of these allow, for example, the propagation of plant material in glass tubes to keep it free of diseases, and the production of more sensitive and specific reagents for diagnosing diseases in plants, livestock and fish through tissue and cell culture. Others, often referred to as molecular methods, enable scientists to see the layout of the entire genome of any organism and to select plants and animals with preferred characteristics by “reading” at th e molecular level, saving precious time and resources.Modern biotechnology also includes an array of tools for introducing or deleting a particular gene or genes to produce plants, animals and micro-organisms with novel traits. This kind of genetic manip ulation is called “genetic engineering” and the product is a genetically modified organism, or GMO. Both traditional and modern biotechnologies result in plants, animals and micro-organisms with combinations ofgenes that would not have come about without human intervention. It has to be emphasized, however, that biotechnology includes a range of techniques and products, and GMOs are but one of them.“With the increasingly limited amount of new land available to agriculture, modern biotechnologies could complement and improve the efficiency of traditional selection and breeding techniques to enhance agricultural productivity,” says Mahmoud Solh, Director of FAO’s Division of Plant Production and Protection.A plant or an animal resistant to a particular disease can be produced through a “traditional” breeding programme, that is, through crosses with resistant relative, selection and backcrossing again, or by the introduction of a gene that confers the resistance through genetic engineering. While the products of both approaches will be disease resistant, only the second one is a GMO. What is new is the ability of scientists to unravel the genome to look at the genes of an organism, and then make use of that information to change the organism, and even transfer genes to another organism very distant in the evolutionary scale. And that is where the controversy comes in.“FAO recognizes that genetic engineering has the potential to help increase production and productivity in agriculture, forestry and fisheries,” says FAO’s Statement on Biotechnology. “It could lead to higher yields on marginal lands in countries that today cannot grow enough food to feed their people.” But, it adds, FAO “is also aware of the concern about the potential risks posed by certain as pects of biotechnology. These risks fall into two basic categories: the effects on human and animal health and the environmental consequences.”These new tools offer new opportunities for solving problems where traditional techniques have failed. Genetically modified products are usually developed and used for large-scale commercial interests, and with a few exceptions, small-scale farmers have so far not benefited from the technology.The articles in this focus are intended to provide background information on genetic engineering in agriculture for the non-specialist--what it is, how it is being used, how it might be used in the future and possible benefits and risks. If you are new to the subject, you might find it easiest to read the pages in the order shown in the column on the right. Those who would like to pursue the subject further may wish to visit.1. According to the passage, what is called “genetic engineering”?2. What are the potential benefits and risks of genetic engineering in agriculture?3. Why are small-scale farmers unlikely to benefit from biotechnology?Questions 4-5According to the latest figures, the majority of the world’s population is now bilingual or multilingual, having grown up speaking two or more languages. In the past, such children were considered to be at a disadvantage compared with their monolingual peers. Over the past few decades, however, technological advances have allowed researchers to look more deeply at how bilingualism interacts with and changes the cognitive and neurological systems, thereby identifying several clearbenefits of being bilingual.Research shows that when a bilingual person uses one language, the other is active at the same time. When we hear a word, we don’t hear the entire word all at once: the sounds arrive in sequential order. Long before the word is finished, the brain’s language system begins to guess what that word might be. If you hear ‘can’, you will likely activate words like ‘candy’ and ‘candle’ as well, at least during the earlier stages of word recognition. For bilingual people, this activation is not limited to a single language; auditory input activates corresponding words regardless of the language to which they belong. Some of the most compelling evidence for this phenomenon, call ed ‘language co-activation’, comes from studying eye movements. A Russian-English bilingual asked to ‘pick up a marker’ from a set of objects would look more at a stamp than someone who doesn’t Know Russian, because the Russian word for ‘stamp’, marka, sou nds like the English word he or she heard, ‘marker’. In cases like this, language co-activation occurs because what the listener hears could map onto words in either language.Having to deal with this persistent linguistic competition can result in difficulties, however. For instance, knowing more than one language can cause speakers to name picture more slowly, and can increase ‘tip-of-the-tongue states’, when you can almost, but not quite, bring a word to mind. As a result, the constant juggling of two language creates a need to control how much a person accesses a language at any given time. For this reason, bilingual people often perform better on tasks that require conflict management. In classic Stroop Task, people see a word and are asked to name the colour of the word’s font. When the colour and the word match (i.e., the word ‘red’ printed in red), people correctly name the colour more quickly than when the colour and the word don’t match (i.e., the word ‘red’ printed in blue). This occurs because th e word itself (‘red’) and its font colour (blue) conflict. Bilingual people often excel at tasks such as this, which tap into the ability to ignore competing perceptual information and focus on the relevant aspects of the input. Bilinguals are also better at switching between two tasks; for example, when bilinguals have to switch from categorizing objects by colour (red or green) to categorizing them by shape (circle or triangle), they do so more quickly than monolingual people, reflecting better cognitive control when having to make rapid changes of strategy.It also seems that the neurological roots of the bilingual advantage extend to brain areas more traditionally associated with sensory processing. When monolingual and bilingual adolescents listen to simple speech sounds without any intervening background noise, they show highly similar brain stem responses. When researchers play the same sound to both groups in the presence of background noise, however, the bilingual listeners’ neural response is consi derably larger, reflecting better encoding of the sound’s fundamental frequency, a feature of sound closely related to pitch perception.Such improvements in cognitive and sensory processing may help a bilingual person to process information in the environment, and help explain why bilingual adults acquire a third language better than monolingual adults master a secondlanguage. This advantage may be rooted in the skill of focusing on information about the new language while reducing interference from the languages they already know.Research also indicates that bilingual experience may help to keep the cognitive mechanisms sharp by recruiting alternate brain networks to compensate for those that become damaged during aging. Older bilinguals enjoy improved memory relative to monolingual people, which can lead to real-world health benefits. In a study of over 200 patients with Alzheimer’s disease, a degenerative brain disease, bilingual patients reported showing initial symptoms of the disease an average of five years later than monolingual patients. In a follow-up study, researchers compared the brains of bilingual and monolingual patients match on the severity of Alzheimer’s symptoms. Surprisingly, the bilinguals’ brains had more physical signs of disease than their monolingual counterparts, even though their outward behaviour and abilities were the same. If the brain is an engine, bilingualism may help it to go farther on the same amount of fuel.Furthermore, the benefits associated with bilingual experience seem to start very early. In one study, researchers taught seven-month-old babies growing up in monolingual or bilingual homes that when they heard a tinkling sound, a puppet appearing on the opposite side of the screen. In order to get a reward, the infants had to adjust the rule they’d learned; only the bilingual babies were able to successfully learn the new rule. This suggests that for very young children, as well as for older people, navigating a multilingual environment imparts advantages that transfer far beyond language.4. Why do bilingual people often perform better than monolingual people on tasks that require conflict management?5. According to the passage, what are the results when monolingual and bilingual adolescents listen to simple speech sounds with or without intervening background noise?III. Writing (30’)Directions:After Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer were awarded the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Science for their outstanding contributions to “experimental research” into the “daunting issue” of global poverty, many have questioned the Nobel Committee’s choice, with some saying China’s poverty alleviation efforts have been the most effective in the world and are more worthy of study. But since the three winners are experts in development economics, this year’s Nobel Prize for economics is seen as highlighting the global need for eradicating poverty and achieving common economic growth.Write a composition of about 400 words on the ANSWER SHEET, in which you should: (1) express your opinion on why poverty alleviation core of development economics and what further steps to be taken.(2) give sound arguments to support your view.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization, and language quality.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.。
2012年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2012年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Vocabulary and Grammar (30%, 1.5 points each)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1. Until then, his family _____ from him for more than ten years.A. didn’t hearB. hasn’t been hearingC. hasn’t heardD. hadn’t heard【答案】D【解析】句意：在那之前，他的家人已经十多年没有他的消息了。
句中有个明确的过去时间点“then”(那时)，而“hadn't heard”发生在then之前(包括then)，所以此句用的是过去完成时。
2._____such subject, the professor also taught mathematics and geography.A. Out ofB. In spite ofC. In addition toD. Except for【答案】C【解析】句意：除了这门课，这位教授还教数学和地理。
由also可知，“such subject”是包括在教授的课程之内的。
3. I _____Tom, my college roommate, in the last three years.A. sawB. have seenC. haven’t seenD. see【答案】A【解析】句意：在过去的三年里，我没有见过我的大学室友汤姆。
浙江师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题
目 录2011年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年浙江师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Vocabulary and Grammar (30%, 1.5 points each)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET.1．These small firms _____ not long ago in order to meet the increasing demands for more electrical appliances.A. clusteredB. assembledC. linkedD. amalgamated【答案】D【解析】句意：为了应对电子设备需求的增长，这些小公司前不久实现了合并。
选项中四个单词均有“聚集、合拢”的意思，但侧重点不同。
（机构、公司）amalgamate合并。
cluster（人）聚集。
assemble集合；组装。
link联系。
因此，本题的正确答案为D。
2．My aunt has decided to spend her _____ years in the suburbs of Shanghai.A. diminishingB. decliningC. reducingD. dwindling【答案】B【解析】句意：我的阿姨决定在上海的郊区安度她的晚年。
本题考查惯用搭配。
选项中四个单词均有“下降、减少”的意思，但只有declining years为惯用搭配，意为“晚年”。
浙江工商大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题2011-2020含7套答案解析
2011年浙江工商大学211翻译硕士英语真题参考答案Ⅰ. V ocabulary and Structure (每小题0.5分，共30分) (60 minutes)Directions: There are 60 sentences in this part. Complete them by choosing the best from the four alternatives. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. Her interest in redecorating the big house kept her _____ for a whole week.A. constrainedB. dominatedC. restrictedD. occupied【答案】D【解析】句意：她热衷于重新装饰这所大房子，为此她整整忙活了一周。
occupy使忙碌。
constrain限制；束缚。
dominate控制；支配。
restrict限制。
2. The manager gave her his ____ that her complaint would be investigated.A. assuranceB. assumptionC. sanctionD. insurance【答案】A【解析】句意：经理向她保证，她的投诉会被调查。
assurance保证，担保。
assumption假定；设想。
sanction制裁。
insurance保险。
3. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _____ up to half will be from overseas.A. in whichB. for whomC. with whichD. of whom【答案】D【解析】句意：那门课程每学年通常会吸引二十名学生选修，他们中有一半是留学生。
浙江理工大学_211翻译硕士英语2017年_考研专业课真题
浙江理工大学2017年硕士研究生招生考试初试试题考试科目：翻译硕士英语代码：211（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）Part I Grammar & Vocabulary (25 points)Directions: There are fifty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose best answer and mark it on your answer sheet.1. The doctor ____ a medicine for my headache.A. subscribedB. describedC. prescribedD. inscribed2. This song ____ his life’s dream and ardent love of life.A. incorporatedB. initiatedC. exposedD. embodied3. It is said that the reconstruction of the Grand Theatre is a _____ project of Shanghaigovernment this year.A. prestigeB. superiorityC. priorityD. publicity4. The explanation given by the congressman yesterday was not at all ____ to us.A. satisfyB. satisfiedC. satisfactoryD. satisfying5. Primitive superstitions that feed racism should be _____ through education.A. ignoredB. exaltedC. eradicatedD. cancelled6. The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the athlete’s body, ____ to thebody.A. the stress it is greaterB. greater is the stressC. greater stress isD. the greater the stress7. These small firms _____ not long ago in order to meet the increasing demands for moreelectrical appliances.A. clusteredB. assembledC. linkedD. amalgamated8. My aunt has decided to spend her ____ years in the suburbs of Shanghai.A. diminishingB. decliningC. reducingD. dwindling9. The matter is not to be ______.A. watched forB. waited onC. taken overD. trifled with10. Ms. Green has been living in town for only one year, yet she seems to be ____ witheveryone who comes to the store.A. acceptedB. admittedC. admiredD. acquainted11. I ______ with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column.A. expressB. confessC. verityD. acknowledge12. They were ____ in their scientific research, not knowing what happened just outsidetheir lab.A. dippedB. drownedC. immersedD. submerged13. Economics applies directly to how we earn our income and _____.A. how to spend our moneyB. how we spend our moneyC. the way we spend our moneyD. the way our money is spent14. The product must be priced _____ it competes effectively with rival products in thesame market.A. as suchB. in such a wayC. so thatD. so15. I ____ be late for that important meeting than leave this injured old woman here.A. had betterB. would ratherC. may as wellD. should just16. In developing countries people are ______ into overcrowded cities in great numbers.A. breadingB. fillingC. pouringD. hurrying17. Mark often attempts to escape _____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A. having been finedB. to be finedC. to have finedD. being fined18. This hotel ____ $60 for a single room with bath.A. claimsB. demandsC. pricesD. charges19. I _____ writing the paper as scheduled, but my mother’s illness interfered. I hope youwill excuse me.A. am to have finishedB. was to have finishedC. was to finishD. ought to finish20. By the time she is 50 years old, she___ an inmate of the prison for over half of her life.A. would have beenB. will beC. will have beenD. would be21. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ____ until yesterday.A. will comeB. was comingC. has been comingD. came22. Whatever the cause, English at the end of the 20th century is more widely spoken andwritten than any other language ____.A. ever wasB. had ever beenC. has ever beenD. would ever be23. Jack ____ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety.A. has been missingB. has been missedC. had been missingD. was missed24. There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone ______ me thatevening.A. to have interruptedB. would have interruptedC. had interruptedD. to interrupt25. The ambassador heard that ______ at his post a year longer.A. he be stayingB. him to stayC. he would be stayingD. he will have stayed26. Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____avoided.A. is to beB. can beC. will beD. has been27. It is the first book of this kind _______ I’ve ever read.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when28. _____ that the pilot couldn’t fly through it.A. So the storm was severeB. So severe was the stormC. The storm so severe wasD. Such was the storm severe29. Not only I but also Tom and Mary ____ fond of watching television.A. amB. isC. areD. be30. Do help yourself to some fruit, _____ you?A. can’tB. don’tC. wouldn’tD. won’t31. It is required that you ________ at six.A. will arriveB. arriveC. arrivedD. would arrive32. It is a widely held theory _______ the ancestral prototype of the flowering Astereleswas a woody plant, perhaps a small tree.A. whereB. untilC. whileD. that33. To get up early and to go to sleep early ____ good for your health.A. isB. areC. wasD. were34. They would rather I _____ tomorrow.A. cameB. comeC. will comeD. have come35. What they need ______ more people.A. isB. areC. hasD. have36. ______ he friend or enemy, the law regards him as a criminal.A. BeB. IsC. BeingD. To be37. They each _______ a new dictionary.A. hasB. haveC. isD. are38. Either dye or paints _____ to color cloth.A. is usedB. be usedC. are usedD. was used39. The doctors don’t _______ that he will live much longer.A. articulateB. anticipateC. manifestD. monitor40. The ball _____ two or three times before rolling down the slope.A. swayedB. boundedC. hoppedD. dated41. I assure you there was no ______ motive in my suggestion.A. ulteriorB. stationaryC. vulgarD. toxic42. We expect Mr. Smith will ________ Class One when Miss White retires.A. take toB. take upC. take offD. take over43. I suggest we put the Scheme into effect, for it is quite _______.A. eligibleB. sustainableC. probableD. feasible44. No men was allowed to ______ on the livelihood of his neighbor.A. wadeB. invokeC. muffleD. infringe45. Tom hardly seems middle-aged, ________ old.A. less likelyB. let aloneC. much worseD. all else46. The prospect of increasing prices has already _______ worries.A. irritatedB. provokedC. inspiredD. hoisted47. All the students were excited at the _____ of a weekend sports competition.A. opinionB. viewC. thoughtD. idea48. The traveler’s passport established his _____.A. proofB. evidenceC. identityD. case49. Now the cheers and applause ______ in a single sustained roar.A. mingledB. concentratedC. assembledD. permeate50. For years now, the people of that faraway country have been cruelly _____ by adictator.A. depressedB. immersedC. oppressedD. cursedPart II Error Correction (5 points)Directions:In this section there are ten errors in the passages. Find the errors and correct them. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Scientists say the warming of the Earth’s atmospherehas begun to affect plant and animal life around the world.Scientists from the University of Hanover in Germany re-ported their finding in the publication Nature. They say 1. __________ global warming is affecting endangering species, sea life 2. __________ and the change in seasonal activities of organisms. Studiesshow that the Earth’s climate has warmed by aboutsix-tenth of one degree Celsius during the past one-hundred 3.___________ years. Most of increase has taken place in the last thirty 4.___________ years.The German scientists have studies different animaland plant populations around the world in the past thirtyyears. They say some species disappear because they can 5.___________ not move to new areas when their home climate gets toowarm. The scientists say one of the biggest sign of climate 6.___________ change has been the worldwide reduction in coral reefs(珊瑚礁). Rising temperatures in the world’s warm oceanwaters have caused coral to lose color and die. In the cold-est areas of the world, winter frozen periods are now hap- 7.___________ pening later and ending earlier. Researchers say thesechanges are having severe effects on animals such as pen-guins, seals and polar bears. Scientists are concerning about 8.___________ invasions of warm weather species into traditional colder 9.___________ areas. Rising temperatures have been linked with diseasesspreaded by mosquito insects in areas of Asia, East Africa 10.__________ and Latin America.Part III Reading comprehension (40 points)Section one (30 points)Directions: In this section there are two passages followed by multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on the answer sheet.Passage OneThe empty nest may not be such an unhappy place after all. Since the 1970s, relationship experts have popularized th e notion of “empty nest syndrome,” a time of depression and loss of purpose that plagues parents, especially mothers, when their children leave home. Dozens of Web sites and books have been created to help parents weather the transition.The new research, published in November in the journal Psychological Science, shows that marital satisfaction actually improves when the children finally take their exits. Indeed, one of the more uncomfortable findings of the scientific study of marriage is the negative effect children can have on previously happy relationships. Despite the popular notion that children bring couples closer, several studies have shown that marital satisfaction and happiness typically plummet with the arrival of the first baby.While having a child clearly makes parents happy, the financial and time constraints can add stress to a relationship. After the birth of a child, couples have only aboutone-third the time alone together as they had when they were childless, according to researchers from Ohio State. The arrival of children also puts a disproportionate burden of household duties on women, a common source of marital conflict. After children, housework increases three times as much for women as for men.After comparing the women’s marital happiness in their 40s, when many still had children at home; in their early 50s, when some had older children who had left home; and in their 60s, when virtually all had empty nests, researchers found that the empty nesters scored higher on marital happiness than women with children still at home at every point. The subjects claimed that they spent just as much time with their parents whether the children were living at home or had moved out, but the quality of that time was better. The findings from researchers on the empty nest show that parents need to work to carve out more stress-free time together. In the sample studied, it was only relationship satisfaction that improved when children left home.1. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?A. "Empty nest syndrome" is one obvious sign of diagnosing depression.B. Parents will equally suffer from the loss of their children.C. Mother will feel greatly lost when their children get married.D. Parents can get help or comfort from web sites and books.2. The word "weather" (Para. 1) may refer to _____.A. influenceB. endureC. escapeD. override3. According to the passage, why do parents have better relationships in the period of empty nest?A. Because they have free time to have a travel outside.B. Because they are free from taking care of their children.C. Because they will enjoy more privacy than ever before.D. Because they can shake away their family responsibility.4. Which of the following is not true about couples inferred from the passage?A. Couples have less marital happiness for the coming of the baby.B. Couples have to earn more money after having a baby to support familyC. Couples have more conflicts whether they should have a baby.D. Couples have to spend more time in taking care of their baby.5. This passage is mainly about ______.A．How women feel about their marital relationship.B．What causes the phenomenon of the empty nestC．How people deal with "empty nest syndrome"D．Why an empty nest brings parents closer togetherPassage TwoHappiness is contagious, researchers reported on Thursday. The same team that demonstrated obesity and smoking spread in networks has shown that the more happy people you know, the more likely you are yourself to be happy, and getting connected to happy people improves a person's own happiness.C hristakis’ research team, a group of political scientists at the university of California, have been using data from 4,700 children of volunteers in the Framingham heart study, a giant health study begun in Framingham, Massachusetts in 1948.They have been analyzing facts from tracking sheets dating back to 1971, following births, marriages, death, and divorces. V olunteers also listed contact information for their closest friends,co-workers, and neighbors.They assessed happiness using a simple, four-question test. People are asked how often during the past week: one, I enjoyed life; two, I was happy; three, I felt hopeful about the future; and four, I felt that I was just as good as other people. The 60 percent of people who scored highly on all four questions were rated as happy, while the rest were designated unhappy. People with the most social connections were also the happiest, the data showed.Each additional happy person makes you happier. Your happiness depends on what is going on around you. It is not just happy people connecting with happy people, which they do. Above and beyond, there is this contagious process going on.And they discovered happiness is more contagious than unhappiness. If a social contact is happy, it increases the likelihood that you are happy by 15%. A friend of a friend, or a friend of a spouse or a sibling, if they are happy, increase your chances by 10%. But every extra unhappy friend increases the likelihood that you'll be unhappy by 7%. The finding is interesting but useful on the other hand. Among other benefits, happiness has been shown to have an important effect on reduced mortality, pain reduction, and improved cardiac function. So better understanding of how happiness spreads can help us learn how to promote a healthier society. The study also fits in with other data that suggested that in 1984 having $ 5,000 extra increased a person's chances of becominghappier by about 2%. "A happy friend is worth about $ 20,000," Christakis said. His team also is examining the spread of depression, loneliness, and drinking behavior.6. The word "contagious" (Para. 1) in the passage probably means ________.A．stretchingB．relaxingC．extendingD．spreading7. Which of the following contagious behaviors is not examined by Christakis' research team?A．Getting fatB．GamblingC．DrinkingD．Smoking8. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Happiness is contagious because it's an emotional stampede.B. The finding is from an analysis of tracking sheets of 4,700 children volunteers.C. The 40 % of volunteers scored highly on all four questions.D. The more people a person knows, the happier he would be.9. Which of the following about the contagiousness of happiness is not true?A. Happy social connections will increase the possibility of one's happiness.B. Even unhappy friends will be influenced and become happy.C. People can benefit a lot from happiness on health.D. Money will increase a person's chance of having more social connections.10. What's the passage mainly about?A. How happiness functions among people.B. How happiness spread among people.C. How happiness is closely related to health.D. How Christakis researches happiness.Passage ThreeAfter Susan Joyce was laid off from Digital Equipment Corp. , she was horrified to hear of two suicides in her layoff group. Then she learned about a colleague who stabbed his wife to death and hung himself.These cases may sound extreme, but being fired or laid off is undeniably one of life' s biggest blows and can lead to clinical depression, violence and alcohol abuse, as well as strokes and heart attacks. Even the fear of losing a job produces more doctor visits and health worries. In short, the recent news about rising unemployment and job insecurity may be bad news for our health.Layoffs create a sense of hopelessness. Stress - related complaints such as insomnia and headaches tend to follow, lingering even after victims find new jobs, says University of Michigan psychologist Richard Price, who tracked more than 700 layoff victims for two years. Research based on 17 years of Pennsylvania unemployment records concluded that employees affected by a mass layoff at a plant were 15 percent more likely to die of any cause over the next two decades. Experts blame the cascade (大量倾泻) of misfortune that often follows after a layoff, including the loss of health insurance.Your health can suffer simply from fear of losing your job, says Sarah Burgard, a sociologist at the University of Michigan. She concluded that chronic job insecurity over atwo - year period rivals the anxiety of a job loss or a major illness. Even people who are not typically worriers report worse health when they believe their jobs are in danger. Fears of poor job prospects may have similar consequences.Economic stress may even show up in national public -health measures, although experts disagree about how to calculate those effects. Harvey Brenner, professor emeritus ([大学教师]退休后仍保留头衔的，荣誉退休的) at Johns Hopkins's Bloomberg School of Public Health and a professor of public health at the University of North Texas, argues that the 1 percentage point increase in unemployment since a year ago could have serious health repercussions (持续影响，反响) for the next two years. According to Brenner' s projections, there could be as many as 47,000 more deaths than would have otherwise occurred, including 1,200 more suicides, as well as nearly 26,000 more heart attacks. Should unemployment continue to rise, these numbers are likely to increase, too.Prepare financially by cutting costs and building up adversity funds. Get help if you or a loved one can't shake the blues. Watch for signs of depression: changes in eating and sleeping habits, significant changes in weight, loss of interest in sex or other pleasures. And, if possible, make health insurance a priority, as you may be more vulnerable to illness.11. According to the examples in the beginning of the passage, when suffering the life's biggest blows, one would do the following except______?A. commit suicideB. feel depressedC. help seekingD. weight change12. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. Suicide becomes a common choice among layoff groups.B. Strokes and heart attacks are mainly caused by being fired or laid off.C. People afraid of losing their jobs would visit doctors more than usual.D. Long-time job insecurity is less than the anxiety of a job loss or a major illness.13. Economic stress shows up in national public-health measures, which probably means _____________.A. unemployment is closely related to the health repercussionB. the number of deaths due to working-related disease increasesC. bad economic situation will reduce people's health expenditureD. government will cut down the budget on public health to boom economy14. The following are the signs of depression the author mentions in the passage, except ____________.A. when one suddenly changes his eating habitsB. when one indulges himself in drinking and smokingC. when one keeps on losing weight in short timeD. when one gets bored about some pleasures15. This passage is mainly about _______.A. how to keep people away from depressionB. how death closely relate to unemploymentC. how to get out of the woe from unemploymentD. how to cope with the difficulties of layoffSection Two (10 points)Direction: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words on the Answer Sheet.No one really thrives in a wholly institutionalized (制度化的) environment or in a purely intellectual career. This truth might have been found long ago by observing babies, from whom much can be learned about human nature. The need is not a temporary one; it begins in infancy and continues throughout life. As the most materialistic science in the world, the science of medicine has been forced to admit that the human baby must be loved in order to live. He has fewer chances to survive in the sterilized (已灭菌的) ward than in a house full of germs. The baby needs personal affection more than anything else. He must be “mothered” by a mother who is all his own. A baby left without this is likely to die from sheer emotional starvation, or else grow up into a distorted (扭曲的) soul—a source of anxiety to everybody.The love impulse later undergoes an evolutionary growth, but it does not vanish. The baby is a creature that must be loved rather than a creature capable of loving. To develop this second ability, he needs to live in an atmosphere in which this mature kind of love is practiced. If his parents failed to chew, to walk or to speak, he would probably be backward in the acquisition of these arts. If his parents fail to furnish them with the example of love, he is desperately off. He may see the neighbors walk, and talk, and chew; but the subtle art of generous affection is usually demonstrated best before one’s own family.At the adult level, nobody can live wholly in a job. Too many persons are trying to do so. They can exist without intimate relationships and get along with the casual personal contacts of the job and the club. How much better if we admit our need of love and affection and then try to build up these relationships in the full light of self-knowledge? Personal attachments are necessary. Why call the world heartless if we have never looked for hearts in the only place where they occur—in the individual human bosom?Love means sacrifice, but it produces a well-balanced personality. The importance of love is demonstrated more by the disasters which follow up its absence than by the things which happen when it takes its normal place in life. As with many other vital necessities, we are scarcely conscious of its presence. But let it once cease, and the personality falls into disintegration. Love is not cheap, but we must choose to pay the cost, for life demands at least that much heroism from all of us.16. Why do people fail to thrive in a wholly institutionalized environment or in a purelyintellectual career?17. Is the need for love to survive temporary?18. If a baby were living in an environment without love, they would _______________.19. How can we help babies develop the ability to love others?20. The importance of love can be most felt when ______________________________.Part IV Writing (30 points)Direction:Samuel Ullman wrote in his essay, "Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind." How do you understand this? Please develop the topic into a three-paragraph essay on the ANSWER SHEET with at least 300 words.。
【浙江师范大学2012年考研专业课真题】综合英语(含英汉互译)20122012
A. so much B. that much C. much as D. so much so that
10.ery polite to the senior.
C. He slept very bad last night.D. He needs a bandage for his wound badly.
26. He ________ in his childhood, and they got married when they grew up.
A. made the acquaintance of herB. made her acquaintance
Part OneGrammar andVocabulary (45 points, 1.5 points each)
Directions:In this part you must complete the following sentences by choosing one suitable word or phrase from the four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Write your answers on theANSWER SHEET.
28. The highest and best form of efficiency is the ________ cooperation of a free people.
A. simultaneous B. contemporary C. concurrence D. spontaneous
A. money B. taxC. consideration D. admission
翻译硕士MTI考试各高校真题汇总
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