被动语态的基本用法

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各时态的被动语态的基本结构

各时态的被动语态的基本结构

各时态的被动语态的基本结构一、被动语态的概念及基本用法被动语态是指句子的主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。

在英语中,被动语态通常由“be+过去分词”构成,常用于强调动作的承受者或者不知道执行者是谁的情况下。

二、一般现在时的被动语态1.基本结构:am/is/are+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调动作的承受者或者不知道执行者是谁的情况下。

3.例句:The cake is made by my mother.(蛋糕是我妈妈做的。

)The book is read by me every day.(这本书我每天都会读。

)三、一般过去时的被动语态1.基本结构:was/were+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调过去某个时间点或事件中发生了什么事情。

3.例句:The letter was written by her yesterday afternoon.(这封信昨天下午被她写了。

)The game was played by the children last night.(孩子们昨晚玩了这个游戏。

)四、一般将来时的被动语态1.基本结构:will be+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调将来某个时间点或事件中将会发生什么事情。

3.例句:The cake will be made by my mother tomorrow.(明天蛋糕会是我妈妈做的。

)The game will be played by the children this weekend.(这个周末孩子们会玩这个游戏。

)五、现在进行时的被动语态1.基本结构:am/is/are being+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调正在进行的动作的承受者。

3.例句:The cake is being made by my mother right now.(现在蛋糕正在被我妈妈做。

)The game is being played by the children at the moment.(现在孩子们正在玩这个游戏。

被动语态的用法归纳总结

被动语态的用法归纳总结

被动语态的用法归纳总结一、概念和基本结构被动语态是英语中的一种句子结构,表示主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。

通常由以下形式构成:be动词(am/is/are/was/were)+过去分词。

二、被动语态的用途1. 突出某个动作或事件的接收者,强调对象。

2. 强调对主语造成影响或结果的行为,而非行为本身。

3. 当无须提及或不知道执行者时使用。

4. 在科学研究和实验报告中经常使用被动语态。

三、被动语态的时态变化1. 一般现在时:am/is/are + 过去分词例:The car is washed every week.每周都会给这辆车清洗。

2. 现在进行时:am/is/are being + 过去分词例:The house is being painted by the workers.工人正在油漆这座房子。

3. 一般过去时:was/were + 过去分词例:The book was written by Mark Twain.这本书是马克·吐温写的。

4. 过去进行时:was/were being + 过去分词例:The crops were being harvested when the storm hit.暴风雨袭击时农作物正在收割。

5. 一般将来时:will be + 过去分词例:The package will be delivered tomorrow.这个包裹明天将被送到。

6. 现在完成时:has/have been + 过去分词例:The problem has been solved by our team.这个问题已经被我们的团队解决了。

四、主动语态和被动语态的转换1. 主动语态变被动语态把主动句的宾语移到前面作为被动句的主语,谓语动词改为相应形式的be动词,原主语成为介词by后的短语(可省略)。

例:Active: They built a new bridge last year.被动:A new bridge was built by them last year.2. 被动语态变主动语态将被动句的主语转化为主格作为主句的主语,谓语使用与原句中be表达时态、人称和数一致的动词原形。

被动语态的基本用法

被动语态的基本用法

被动语态的基本用法
被动语态是一种常见的语法结构,它可以帮助我们描述一些动作或状态。

被动语态的基本用法如下:
1.被动语态的基本结构:动作或状态的承受者(即接受动作或状态的人、物、物体等)和动作或状态的承受者之间的转化。

2.被动语态的构成:
a.如果是及物动词,则直接在动词后面加上表示被动的词,如be done;
b.如果是非及物动词,则需要加上to be done的形式,如to be read。

3.被动语态的用法:
a.表示动作或状态的承受者:
例如:The window was broke by the ball.(窗户被球砸破了。

)在这个例子中,window是动作承受者,而ball是动作施加者。

b.表示动作或状态的承受者之间的转化:
例如:The teacher gave the students lessons to be studied.(老师把课程给了学生们去学习。

)在这个例子中,students是动作承受者,而lessons是动作施加者。

学生们需要通过学习来转化他们所承受的lessons。

4.被动语态的注意事项:
a.动词的时态和语态:
例如:The cake was baked by my sister.(我姐姐做了一个蛋糕。

)在这个例子中,动词是过去时态,而语态是被动语态。

b.避免滥用:
虽然被动语态可以表示一些动作或状态的接受者,但我们也要注意不要滥用它。

总之,被动语态是一种常见的语法结构,可以帮助我们清晰地表达一些动作或状态的接受者。

我们需要注意其用法和语态,以避免滥用。

被动语态用法

被动语态用法

被动语态被动语态的构成方式:be + 过去分词,口语只也有用get / become + 过去分词表示。

被动语态的基本用法:不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态。

强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态(by短语有时可以省略)。

如:W e often help them. (主动)我们常帮助他们。

They are often helped by us.(被动)他们常被我们帮助。

1、被动语态各时态的形式是由助动词be的各时态的形式加及物动词的过去分词构成。

2、被动语态八种时态的用法例句:被动语态常用的八种时态的基本用法和主动语态各时态的各时态的基本用法相同,只是句中的主语不是动作的执行者,而是动作的承受者.如图:3、在下列情况下,一般使用被动语态:(1)当不知道动作执行者是谁或没有必要提到动作执行者时,如:Paper was first made in China. (2)当强调或突出动作承受者的作用时,如:The new machine was invented by a 20-year-old young worker.4、由主动语态转换为被动语态的几种句型:(1)将一个句子由主动语态转换为被动语态时,可按下列步骤进行:①先将主动结构的宾语改为被动结构的主语;②再将主动语态动词改为被动语态动词;由主动语态动词改为被动语态动词时,要注意被动语态动词中助动词be的各种形式变化,因为被动语态动词的不同人称和数是由助动词be不同的形式来表示的,如:Trees are planted every spring.③最后在被动语态之后加介词by,并将主动结构的主语放在by 之后(经常被省略),构成介词短语;(1)使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题。

①主动变化被动时双宾语的变化。

看下列例句。

My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday.An interesting book was given to me(by my friend)on my birthday.I was given an interesting book (by my friend)on my birthday.②主动变被动时,宾补成主补(位置不变);宾补可以有下列几种情况:①宾补为动词不定式,如:They asked her to sing a song. →She was asked to sing a song. 在动词make, see, hear, watch, notice等之后,不定式的to在主动语态里可要省略,而被动语态里不能省,如:Tom was seen to come out of the lab.②宾补为分词,如:They heard them singing at the time.→They were heard singing at that time.③宾补为形容词、副词、名词或介词短语,如:She kept me busy all the morning. →I was kept busy all the morning.如果主动语态中的谓语动词为短语动词,改为被动语态时,要注意不要遗漏短语中的介词或副词,以保持短语动词的完整性,勿要丢掉“尾巴”。

初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及其分类

初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及其分类

初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及其分类被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要结构,用于表达主语是动作的接受者。

初中阶段,学生需要掌握被动语态的基本用法,并能够正确地分类和运用。

本文将对初中英语知识点中的被动语态进行归纳,并进行适当的分类,以帮助学生更好地掌握被动语态的用法。

一、基本用法被动语态的基本结构是“be + 过去分词”,其中“be”是根据时态和情态动词的要求进行变换,过去分词则是动词的过去式或者第三人称单数形式。

被动语态常用于以下情况:1. 当不知道或者不关心动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:- The car was repaired yesterday. (这辆车昨天被修理了。

)- The book will be read by many people. (这本书将会被很多人阅读。

)2. 当强调动作的接受者时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:- The cake was eaten by the children. (蛋糕被孩子们吃了。

)- The letter was written by Tom. (这封信是汤姆写的。

)3. 当主语是不能进行动作的物体时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:- The window was broken. (窗户被打破了。

)- The ball was kicked into the goal. (球被踢进了球门。

)二、被动语态的分类根据动词的不同性质和用法,被动语态可以进行分类,下面将对常见的几种分类进行介绍。

1. 一般现在时被动语态一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”。

该时态常用于描述客观事实或者重复性的动作。

例如:- The car is washed every week. (这辆车每周都被洗。

)- English is spoken in many countries. (英语在很多国家被使用。

)2. 一般过去时被动语态一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。

被动语态的用法归纳

被动语态的用法归纳

被动语态的用法归纳被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。

被动语态的构成由助动词"be"加上动词的过去分词形式组成。

以下是被动语态的用法归纳:1. 当动作的执行者不重要或不知道时,使用被动语态。

例如:The book was written by Shakespeare.(这本书是莎士比亚写的。

)2. 当重点要放在承受动作的对象上时,使用被动语态。

例如:The car was repaired by the mechanic.(汽车被修理师傅修好了。

)3. 当主动语态的动作执行者已知,但并不想透露时,使用被动语态。

例如:The cake was eaten.(蛋糕被吃了。

)4. 当一般陈述中,主语是物而不是人时,使用被动语态。

例如:The flowers were watered yesterday.(花昨天被浇水了。

)5. 当上下文中已提到动作的执行者,但在句子中并不重要时,使用被动语态。

例如:The ring was lost.(戒指被弄丢了。

)6. 当需要避免使用主动语态时,使用被动语态。

例如:Mistakes were made.(犯了错误。

)7. 当主语是“they”,并且在被动语态中不需要注明动作的执行者时,使用被动语态。

例如:They were given a surprise.(他们受到了惊喜。

)被动语态可以提供句子的变换和灵活性,并且在语言表达中常常被使用。

然而,需要根据具体的上下文和句子结构来使用被动语态,以确保语句的清晰和准确。

被动语态用法知识点总结

被动语态用法知识点总结

被动语态用法知识点总结一、被动语态的基本构成被动语态由助动词“be”(根据时态变化)+及物动词的过去分词构成。

二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的承受者,而非执行者(即实现了施动者与动作的转移)。

例:The book was written by the author.(这本书是作者写的)2. 不知道动作的执行者或不重要时,常用被动语态。

例:My bike was stolen on the street yesterday.(昨天我的自行车被偷了)3. 当我们不知道主语或不想指出主语时,可以用人称代词“one”代替主语。

例:One is often influenced by others.(人们常常受到他人的影响)4. 当主语是不可数名词时,常使用被动语态。

例:The poem was recited beautifully.(这首诗被演唱得很美)5. 当宾语很长或者宾语是代词时,更常用被动语态。

例:The house was built by my grandfather.(这栋房子是我祖父建造的)三、被动语态的时态变化被动语态的时态变化是通过助动词“be”的时态变化来实现。

1. 一般现在时主语+am/is/are(根据主语变化)+动词的过去分词例:The door is opened by Tom.(这扇门是汤姆打开的)2. 一般过去时主语+was/were(根据主语变化)+动词的过去分词例:The letter was written last night.(这封信是昨晚写的)3. 一般将来时主语+will be+动词的过去分词例:The work will be finished by tomorrow.(这项工作将在明天完成)4. 现在进行时主语+am/is/are(根据主语变化)+being+动词的过去分词例:The cake is being made by my sister.(这个蛋糕正在我妹妹制作)5. 过去进行时主语+was/were(根据主语变化)+being+动词的过去分词例:The car was being repaired when I arrived.(我到达时汽车正在修理)四、被动语态的其他注意事项1. 当及物动词后带有双宾语时,需要将间接宾语改为被动语态的主语。

被动语态(进行时态)

被动语态(进行时态)

被动语态(进行时态)被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构,用来表达句子的主语是被动接受动作的对象。

进行时态则是表示动作正在进行的时态。

被动语态的结构被动语态的结构由"be"动词加上过去分词组成。

下面是被动语态的各种时态的结构:- 现在进行时态:am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时态:was/were being + 过去分词- 将来进行时态:will be being + 过去分词被动语态的用法被动语态通常用来强调行为的接受者,而不是行为的执行者。

下面是被动语态的一些常见用法:1. 当执行者不重要或者不知道时:The building *is being* renovated.(建筑物正在装修。

)2. 当行为有很明确的执行者时,但强调行为的接受者:The book *is being read* by many people.(很多人在读这本书。

)3. 当强调行为本身而不关注执行者或接受者时:The problem *is being* addressed.(问题正在得到解决。

)被动语态的注意事项使用被动语态时,需注意以下几点:1. 如果动词不是及物动词或者动作无法被接受,则不能使用被动语态。

2. 当宾语是人称代词时,应将其置于动词之前。

3. 当使用进行时态时,需要使用对应的进行时态被动结构。

示例以下是一些使用被动语态进行时态的例句:- The house *is being built* by a team of construction workers.(这所房子正在被一队建筑工人建造。

)- The cake *is being baked* in the oven.(蛋糕正在烤箱中烘烤。

)被动语态的进行时态可以帮助我们描述动作的进行过程并强调行为的接受者。

在使用时,需要根据句子的语境和需要合理运用。

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何时使用被动语态1. 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要 如: Paper is made from wood. The houseis quite old. It was built in 1950He was wounded in the fight. 2. 需要强调动作的承受者时3 为了使语气婉转, 避免提及自己或对方而使用被动语态,或由于修饰的需要,使用被动语 态,使句子得以更好的安排。

女口: The con struct ion o f the new lab must be compi eted by month.Electricity is used to run machines.被动语态的构成2. 许多 verbs (broken, interested, shut, worried ), 既可以用做态结构中做过去分词。

句中如果有by ,通常是被动语态。

如:I was worried abeutyou all night. ( 表状态)被动语态的基本用法如:Calwlator can't beused in the maths exam.Books and newspapersin the reading room mustn't be taken away.He was awarded first prize in that contest. the end of next1. be+done 可以是被动语态,也可以是系表结构形式。

被动语态中,done 可以带 by短语,而系表结构中done 相当于adj.不带by短语。

如:The questionis settled. ( 系表结构 )Such questions are settled by us. (被动语态)The composition is well written. (系表结构) The composition is written with great care . ( 被动语态)The job was well done. ( 系表结构)The job was welldone by a skilled worker. (被动语态)adj. 也可以在被动语I was worried by mosquitoes all night. ( 表动作)The glass was broken by Jack. ( 表动作)The glass is broken. (表状态 )I was frightened by his ghost story. She was frightened at the sight of a snake.不同形式的被动语态 1. 含有直宾和间宾的主动结构,变为被动时,可将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动一 般是主语结构的间接宾语变为被动的主语。

如:He showed me his pictures.I was shown his pictures by him. His pictures were shown to me by him. Aunt made me a new dress. I was made a new dress by aunt. A new dress was made for me by aunt. He sent me a birthday present. I was sent a birthday present by him. A birthday present was sent to me by him.2含有复合宾语的主动句,宾补不变。

1) 将宾语变为主语,宾补不变。

The door war left open by him.2) make, let, have,hear, watch, see, feel, notice. help既动词后变做宾补的不定式一般不加 to ,变为被动,必须加 to .如:My brother often made me do this and that when I was young.I was often made to do this and that by my brother when I young. I heard her move about in her room upstairs last night. She was heard to move about in her room uptairs last night. Did you see Jack take away the magazine?如:They call her XiaoLi.She is called XiaoLi.He left the door open.Was Jack seen to take away the magazine? 3. 情态动词的被动语态。

是由情态 V+be+p.p. 构成如:They can not find him.He can not be found. You must pay me for this. I must be paid for this. He can repair your watch. Your watch can be repaired.4.短语 V 的被动语态般来讲,只有及物 V 才有被动语态,因为只有 vt 才能有动作的承受者 ; 但有许多由不及物动词 + 介词及其他词类构成的短语动词,相当与及物动词,可以有宾语。

因而可以有被动 语态,但应注意短语 V 是一个不可分割的整体。

变被动时,不可丢掉构成短语的 dv.这样的短语有:look after, listen to, look at, pay attention to, take care of,look forward to, make ues of,etc.如:They had put out the fire before the fire--brigadearrived.The fire had been put out before the fire-brigade arrived. They will set up a new public school here. A new public school will be set up here.5.有些动词用主动形式表被动含义。

6. 有些词如 want,need,require 和 be worth 后面, v-ing 形式为主动,意义为被动。

如:The room needs/wants/requiresThe book is worth reading.7. 主动语态中的宾语是从句,变成被动时使用形式替代词如:We know that Britain is an island country.It's known that Britain is an island country.The teacher said that this book has been translated into several languageprep 或a如:The goods sells well. The door can't open. cleaning. it.9. 谓语动词是以下时,无被动。

break out (爆发) appear, burst out ( 迸发 ) , hold ( 容纳 ),lackhappen, belong to, suit, fit ( 适合) have, let, join, fall, last 延长) ,cost ( 花费)th 同意)10. 据说类动词:say,consider, think, report, know, believe, suggest, understand, hope, etc. 如: It is said that There is said to be … Sth./Sb. is said to … 11. 主动形式表被动 ① 感官动词:sound,taste,smell,fell,look,seem 等主语是物时; ② 一些 vi 主动形式表被动含义 open, close, shut, read, write, translate, wash, c lean, lock, sell, wear, cut, cook, eat, weigh, drink, pay, draw, etc. ③不定式 to blame,to let (出租)作表语时,主动形式表被动含义 ④表(sth ) 需要的need ,want,require等后的动名词用主动形式表被动含义⑤beworth后的动名词主动形式表被动含义It's said that this book has been franslated into several languages8. 宾语为反身代词,相互代词及虚词 it 时,不用被动,只用主动。

如:I will do it myself.Theman introduced himselfas Mr. Wang.缺乏), agree wi。

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