成都理工大学大学英语四阅读材料精简答案

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大学英语CET4阅读题及参考答案

大学英语CET4阅读题及参考答案2017年大学英语CET4阅读精选题及参考答案The used key is the most bright.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年大学英语CET4阅读精选题及参考答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The Interaction of Body and MindThe concept of psychosomatic illnessPsycho, refers to mind, and soma, to body. Psychosomatic illness is the occurrence of bodily symptoms(症状) which are psychological or emotional in origin.Mind and body are not separate; one affects and is affected by the other. Who has not experienced some physical manifestation of emotional stress? Such experiences as a headache after a quarrel and urinary frequency or diarrhea before an examination are not uncommon, and for most people they are of a temporary nature. The symptoms disappear and are forgotten after the crisis has passed. No treatment may beneeded, or the patient may use simple remedies to relieve the discomfort. One person may find that a leisurely walk is the best cure for a headache; another may take aspirin.Certain conditions have been considered classic examples of psychosomatic illness: pepticulcer, eczema, colitis, and asthma. Personality profiles have been developed to describe the typical characteristics of persons who develop such illness. Another point of view is that human beings are more complex and varied in their responses than such profiles would indicate, and that the type of illness a patient develops in relation to stress varies with many additional factors, such as heredity and environment. Much remains to be learned about the relationship between stress and physical illness.Physical symptoms, such as palpitation, sweating, or disturbance of sleep, which reflect anxiety, may occur over a prolonged period. The symptoms may seem mysterious and threatening, because the patient is unaware of their cause. The patient whose heart beats more rapidly and forcefully as a manifestation of anxiety may report this symptom to his doctor, believing that something is wrong with his heart. Often the patient is not aware that he is anxious. He knows only that his heart keeps pounding for no apparent reason.Almost any symptom can have its origin in emotional stress. Some patients almost invariably have the same stress when they become anxious. One may have diarrhea, another asthma, and a third may develop hives or eczema. Some people develop two or several different symptoms; often the symptoms are experienced in an alternating fashion.The development of bodily symptoms is only one manifestation of anxiety. It may show up also symptoms that areprimarily mental, such as the inability to concentrate or to remember. Such symptom too, vary in degree. Many people occasionally experience symptoms like moodiness or depression. When such symptoms are severe or long- lasting, they interfere with the functioning of individual in daily life and with his relationship with others.Sometimes a person subconsciously develops an illness as a way of handling a desperate need, such as the need for affection. The only real cure is to satisfy the primary desire. An example is a woman who has pain in her heart, not because of organic heart disease, but because the symptom is a way of gaining, if only temporarily, the love and attention for which she longs. Her husband cannot leave her when she is so sick; her children are concerned. Her pain is just as severe as if it had a physical cause.The reality of psychosomatic illnessIs the patient with psychosomatic illness really sick, or does he merely imagine he is sick? Many people, including the families of patients and members of the health professions, believe that physical illness which is influenced by emotional stress is less real, or wholly imaginary. Acknowledging the reality of the patients' illness is important; it is the first step in helping him.Patients with psychosomatic illness are likely to be neglected. The same staff who give excellent care to other patients, not uncommonly ignore them. Some possible reasons may include the use of the term psycho as a prefix. Perhaps this conveys the idea that such patients are mentally iii, and therefore have no physical illness. Perhaps they are considered weaklings. One hears comments like, "He could snap out(克服) of it if he wanted to." Prejudice against these patients may be due to a belief that they are pretending illness in an attempt to get attention orfavors.A patient with psychosomatic illness may be confused with a malingerer, one who deliberately pretends illness in order to achieve secondary gain, such as financial compensation or excuse from work. Pretending illness is considered an unhealthy and unsatisfactory solution to the problems of life. Often it adds to the patient's difficulties, as he makes elaborate attempts to avoid detection. A malingerer can be helped sometimes to find ways of coping with difficulties. The essential difference between psychosomatic illness and malingering is that the malingerer pretends symptoms. It is a conscious process and he is aware that he is pretending to be sick. The patient with psychosomatic illness develops symptoms as manifestation of largely unconscious psychic conflicts. The symptoms are real.Condemnation(责难) of the patient with psychosomatic illness can persist despite intellectual understanding of theories about its cause. The patient can sense immediately whether those who care for him are trying to help him or not. It is important to understand that:·The patient with psychosomatic illness is really sick. He is not pretending or imagining his symptoms.·The idea that he can "snap out of it" at will is no more true than it is of those with diseases like pneumonia, whose need for care is readily acknowledged.1. The symptoms of some people with psychosomatic illness are experienced in an alternating fashion.2. Moodiness and depression are symptoms that don't last long.3. Psychosomatic sick people will stop cheating when they sense that those who care for them are belittling them.4. People with psychosomatic illness tend to be given less care than they deserve.5. Malingerers are those who pretend to be iii for some other purposes.6. The symptoms of people with psychosomatic illness are primarily mental.7. Today more and more people are suffering from psychosomatic illness.8. Such conditions as ___________ have been considered classic examples of psychosomatic illness.9. Psychosomatic symptoms may be primarily mental, such as the inability ______.10. The first and the most important step in helping the psychosomatic patients is to ______.试题详解1.Y 由题干中的关键词alternating fashion定位到第一个小标题下面第五段末句： Some people develop two or several different symptoms;often the symptoms are experienced in an alternating fashion，题目是原文的同义替换，由此得出题目说法正确。

全新版大学英语《阅读教程》第4册完整版答案

KeysUnit 11. In the Frozen Waters of Qomolangma, I Learned the Value of Humility Comprehension Exercises1.Decide on the best choice to answer or complete each of the following.1. B2. D3. A4. B2.Put the following into Chinese1．我在想，如果出现意外，那么我那冻僵的身体需要多长时间才能沉到4.2公里深的海底呢?我紧接着意识到，对于一个仅着一条泳裤、试图游完这象征性的1公里人来说，下水前还能有什么比这更糟的念头吗？我的内心深处在颤抖，感到非常恐惧。

2. 我在珠穆朗玛峰上学到了两个基本的经验教训，第一，过去有用的东西并不意味着今天一定有用。

第二，不同的挑战需要不同的心态去应对。

现在，无论我做什么事情，都要先问问自己我需要何种心态来成功地完成任务。

3. 我们已经以某种方式生存了如此之久，我们已经以某种方式消费了如此之久，我们已经以某种方式在地球上居住了如此之久，但这并不意味着，我们过去所做的决定今天依然正确。

4. 我在世界屋脊上的游泳改变了我，在一定程度上，我希望它证明一切皆有可能。

只要我们谨慎合作，我们就有可能进行谦逊的对话，并超越对话，付诸行动。

2. Taking Lessons from What Went WrongComprehension Exercises1.Decide on the best choice to answer or complete each of the following.1. B2. A3. C4. C2.Put the following into Chinese1.他们说，灾难会带来惨痛的教训，因为在技术上取得成功的原因往往是随机的、不可见的，而造成某个失败的原因通常是可以被找到、被证明和被修复的，从而达到改进的目的。

[英语考试]成都理工大学外国语学院英语阅读四级材料期末考试试题

[英语考试]成都理工大学外国语学院英语阅读四级材料期末考试试题成都理工大外语语院学国学<大英语精品语程学:四语语语语充材料>(CET-4 Reading Comprehension Supplementary Materials)Directions: There are 30 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer to each question.Passage 1Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for a second longer, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for 3 seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person's gaze without being intimate, rude, or aggressive. If you are on an elevator, what gaze-time are you permitted? To answer this question, consider what you typically do. You very likely give other passengers a quick glance to size them up (打量) and to assure them that you mean no threat.Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction. You need to emit a signal telling others you want to beleft alone. So you cut off eye contact, what sociologist Erring Goffman (1963) calls "a dimming of the lights." You look down at the floor, at the indicator lights, anywhere but into another passenger's eyes. Shouldyou break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator, youwill make the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself.If you hold eye contact for more than 3 seconds, what are youtelling another person? Much depends on the person and the situation.For instance, a man and a woman communicate interest in this manner. They typically gaze at each other for about 3 seconds at a time, then drop their eyes down for 3 seconds, before letting their eyes meet again. But if one man gives another man a 3-second-plus stare, he signals, "l know you", "l am interested in you," or "You look peculiar and I am curious about you." This type of stare often produces hostile feelings.1.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that___.A) every glance has its significanceB) staring at a person is an expression of interestC) a gaze longer than 3 seconds is unacceptableD) a glance conveys more meaning than words2. If you want to be left alone on an elevator, the best thing to do is___.A) to look into another passenger's eyesB) to avoid eye contact with other passengersC) to signal you are not a threat to anyoneD) to keep a distance from other passengers3. By "a dimming of the lights" (Line 13,Para.1 )Erving Goffmanmeans___.A) closing one's eyesB) turning off the lightsC) ceasing to glance at othersD) reducing gaze-time to the minimum4. If one is looked at by a stranger for too long, he tends tofeel___.A) depressedB) uneasyC) curiousD) amused5. The passage mainly discusses___.A) the limitations of eye contactB) the exchange of ideas through eye contactC) proper behavior in situationsD) the role of eye contact in interpersonal communication.Passage 2Geraldo Rivera is well known for his compassionate investigative reports on WABC-TV Eyewitness News. He has done exposes;揭露性语道,of NewYork City’s welfare hotels, the over-pricing of prescription drugs, and drug abuse. In 1971, he received the Associated Press Broadcaster of the Year awardfor the program Drug Crisis in East Harlem. He received the award again in1972 for the program Migrants, Dirt Cheap.His most famous expose however was done on the horrible conditionsat Staten Island’s Willowbrook State School. It is the world’s largest institution for the mentally disabled. His investigation began when he and his camera crew gained access to one of the buildings. Geraldo’s emotionally charged reports exposed the unsanitary;不语生的,conditions and neglectful, often abusive,treatment of the patients. He cried over what he discovered, and he made his viewers cry, too. The programs created a public plea for reform, and changes were made. Governor Nelson Rockefeller of New York restored $20 million to the school’s slashed bud get. The programs—Willow brook earned him theScripps-Howard Award, an Emmy;埃米金像语,, and the Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award.Geraldo Rivera has continued working for the mentally disabled. He founded One-to-One, a charity ;慈善机,构that provides small group homes for thecare of the mentally disabled in the community. He hosts hugeoutdoor festivals for the mentally disabled in New York City’s Central Park. He also wrote a book about some of the courageous people he hasmet as an investigative journalist. It is called A Special Kind of Courage. As he himself says,“ I makeno pretense;语语, of objectivity. But I’m not just in the businessof making people cry. I’m in the business of change.”6. Geraldo Rivera is working as a(n)______.A.news reporter for a newspaper in New YorkA.investigative reporter for a special TV programB.investigative officer of the New York governmentC.philanthropist(慈善家) for the welfare of the mentally disabled7. How many awards did Rivera receive for his work?A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.Five8. Rivera’s investigation and expose on the conditions at Willowbrook StateSchool led to _____.A.the public concern and request for changesB.the improvement of the conditions thereC.a considerable increase in the school’s budgetD.all of the aboverd 9. The term “One-to-One” in the 3paragraph refers to ______.A.an organization in the community that helps take better care of thementally disabledB.a device that helps mentally disabled behave themselvesC.an organization that provides homes for the mentally disabledD.a hospital that helps cure the mentally disabled10. The author suggests in this passage that_____.A.Rivera has always been objective in reporting what he findsB.Rivera never tries to conceal his own compassion in his reportingC.Rivera has changed people’s views on the disabledD.Rivera’s work and efforts have greatly improved the conditions of thedisabled in New York.Passage 3In the old days, children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. This is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters (年语人) who havenever been close by during the birth of a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member.Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick, we transfer them to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally ill patients-even when those patients are their parents. This deprives (剥语) the dying patient of significant family members during the last few days of his life and it deprives the children of an experience of death, which is an important learning experience.Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed approximately 500 terminally iii patients in order to find out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit, not just to them but to the members of their families as well. We were most impressed by the fact that even those patientswho were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome.It is important for family members, and doctors and nurses to understand these patients' communications in order to truly understand their needs, fears, and fantasies (幻想). Most of our patients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly, and frankly about their trouble. Many of them shared with us their tremendous need to be informed, to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition and to be told when the end was near: We found out that patients who had been dealt with openly and frankly were better able to cope with the approach of death and finally to reach a true stage of acceptance prior to death.11. The elders of contemporary Americans___.A) were often absent when a family member was born or dyingB) were quite unfamiliar with birth and deathC) usually witnessed the birth or death of a family memberD) had often experienced the fear of death as part of life12. Children in America today are denied the chance___.A) to learn how to face deathB) to visit dying patientsC) to attend to patientsD) to have access to a hospital13. Five hundred critically ill patients were investigated with the main purpose of___.A) observing how they reacted to the crisis of deathB) helping them and their families overcome the fear of deathC) finding out their attitude towards the approach of deathD) learning how to best help them and their families14. The need of a dying patient for company shows___.A) his desire for communication with other peopleB) his fear of approaching deathC) his pessimistic attitude towards his conditionD) his reluctance to part with his family15. It may be concluded from the passage that___.A) dying patients are afraid of being told of the approach of deathB) most doctors and nurses understand what dying patients needC) dying patients should be truthfully informed of their conditionD) most patients are unable to accept death until it is obviously inevitablePassage4The oldest and simplest method, then, of describing differences in personality was to classify people according to types. Such a system is called a Typology.A famous example of this method was set forth in Greece about the year 400 B.C. A physician named Hippocrates theorized that there were four fluids, or humors, in the body. Corresponding to each humor, he believed, there existed a definite type of personality.The four humors were blood, yellow bile;汁,胆, black bile, and phlegm;液,黏. A person in whom all four humors were in perfect balance had a harmonious;和语的, personality. If a person had too much blood, he was called sanguine, or cheerful and optimistic. Someone with too much yellow bile was choleric, or irritable and easily angered. Too much black bile made a person melancholy, or depressed and pessimistic. An oversupply of phlegm caused a human being to be phlegmatic, or slow and unfeeling. Scientists have long since discarded Hippocrates’ fluid theory. But the names of the humors, corresponding to these temperaments;语,气, have survived and are stilluseful, to some extent, in describing personality.Other features of people, such as their faces and physiques, have also been used to classify personality. Today, however, personality theories and classifications may also include factors such as heredity, the environment, intelligence, and emotional needs. Psychology, biology, and sociology are involved in these theories. Because of the complexity of human personality,present-day theories are often very different from one another. Psychologists vary in their ideas about what is most important in determining personality.16. This passage focuses on________.A.the history of the system of typologyB.important factors in determining personalityC.personality theory and classificationD.important features of human beings17. According to Hippocrates’ fluid theory, a person with a perfec t balance of all the four humors in him_________.A.was humorous and good at singingB.had a pleasant and agreeable temperamentC.would always be cheerful and optimisticD.seldom quarreled of fought with others18. Which of the following is NOT true?A.people with too much yellow bile were easily angeredB.the names of the four fluids are still used todayC.people with an oversupply of blood would easily get excitedD.many features of human beings have been used to classifypersonality19. Modern personality theories and classifications______.A.are often very different because personality itself is rathercomplicatedB.involve psychology , biology, and sociologyC.are based only on heredity, the environment, intelligence, andemotional needsD.all of the above20. In the forth-coming paragraphs, the author is most probably going to talk about____.A.some new interpretations of the Hisppocrates’ fluid theoryB.different opinions of psychologists about the factors in determiningpersonalityC.various definitions of typology given by different psychologistsD.the comparison between present-day personality theories andancientpersonality theoriesPassage 5Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors (流星) but alsobecause of rays from the sun and other stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. Theunit of radiation is called "rem". Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage -- a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed (畸形的) children or even grandchildren.Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a large amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far.21. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that___.A) it protects him against the harmful rays from spaceB) it provides sufficient light for plant growthC) it supplies the heat necessary for human survivalD) it screens off the falling meteors22. We know from the passage that___.A) exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatalB) the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in comingC) radiation is avoidable in space explorationD) astronauts in spacesuits needn't worry about radiation damage23. The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members___.A) is insignificantB) seems overestimatedC) is enormousD) remains unknown24. It can be inferred from the passage that___.A) the Apollo mission was very successfulB) protection from space radiation is no easy jobC) astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildrenD) radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers25. The best title for this passage would be___.A) The Atmosphere and Our EnvironmentB) Research on RadiationC) Effects of Space RadiationD) Importance of Protection Against RadiationPassage 6Although the United Kingdom covers only a small area of the earth’s surface, it represents people of many different origins and cultures. Yet all of them are British indeed, it would be difficult to find anyone in modern Britain who could say with certainty that his ancestors had not come to the British Isles from somewhere else. Who, then, are today’s Britains and what kind of people are they?The history of human settlement in Britain goes back to the Stone Age hunters and gatherers who arrived from the European continent about 10,000 years ago. The peoples who followed them were settled agriculturalists who kept domestic animals and knew how to make simple pottery. Around 2000 BC these Stone Age people started to erect huge stone monuments, or henges, possibly for religious purposes. Work on the henges continued into the Bronze Age, until about 1500BC. The mostimposing and mysterious of these ancient monuments is Stonehenge, on windswept Salisbury plain in southwest England.Easy communication between the islands and the continental mainland must have existed and, from earliest times, this encouraged migration. By the end of the Bronze Age, around 700BC, Celtic people had arrived from north-western Europe bringing with them a revolutionary new skill: ironworking. Celts continued to come and settle in Britain for about 500 years and, by the time the Romans first landed in 55BC, the Celtic culture was well established. The earliest written records of Britain’s inhabitants come from the Romans who eventually conquered the various Celtic kingdoms then flourishing in England, Wales and the Scottish Low-lands.26. In this passage the author intends to tell the origin of ____.A.the BritishB.the CeltsC.the EnglishD.the Romans27. From the passage we know that_______.A.everyone in Britain came from the British IslesB.almost everyone came to the British Isles from somewhere elseC.almost everyone in Britain had his or her family origin from theBritish IslesD.almost every British citizen had his or her family origin fromsomewhere else28. According to the passage, the earliest inhabitants in Britain were______.A.the earliest agriculturalistsB.CeltsC.Stone Age hunters and gatherersD.Romans29. Thanks to ______ we can learn about the earliest inhabitants in Britain.A.Celts from north-western EuropeB.Stonehenge on Salisbury plainC.The well-established Celtic cultureD.The Romans occupying the Celtic Kingdoms in Britain30. According to the passage which of the following is NOT true?A.There were already religious activities in ancient Britain.munication between the British islands and the continentalmainland was convenient in the earliest times.C.There were many Celtic Kingdoms in Britain when the Romans camein 55 BC.D.There were blacksmiths in Britain before 700 BC.Passage 7The concept of "environment" is certainly difficult and may even be misunderstood; but we have no handy substitute. It seems simple enough to distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internaland biological and those that are external and environmental. But in actual practice this system breaks down in many ways, because the organism and the environment are constantly interacting so that the environment is modified by the organism and vice versa (反之亦然).In the case of men, the difficulties with the environmental concept are even more complicated because we have to deal with man as an animal and with men as a bearer (持有者) of culture. If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants, and such-like factors common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as "cultural", whichmodify the physical and biological factors. But men, as we know him, is always a bearer of culture; and if we study human culture, we find that it, in turn, is modified by the environmental factors of climate and geography. We thus easily get into great difficulties from the necessity of viewing culture, at one moment, as a part of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the environment.31. Which of the following words can best describe the popular understanding of "environment" as the author sees it?A) Elaborate.B) Prejudiced.C) Faultless.D) Oversimplified.32. According to the author the concept of "environment" isdifficult to explain because___.A) it doesn't distinguish between the organism and the environmentB) it involves both internal and external forcesC) the organism and the environment influence each otherD) the relationship between the organism and the environment is unclear33. In analyzing the environmental forces acting on man the author suggests that___.A) biological factors are less important to the organism than cultural factors to manB) man and other animals are modified equally by the environmental forcesC) man is modified by the cultural environment as well as by the natural environmentD) physical and biological factors exert more influence on other organisms than on man34. As for culture, the author points out that___.A) it develops side by side with environmental factorsB) it is also affected by environmental factorsC) it is generally accepted to be part of the environmentD) it is a product of man's biological instincts35. In this passage, the author is primarily concerned with___.A) the interpretation of the term "environment"B) the discussion on organisms and biological environmentC) the comparison between internal and external factors influencing manD) the evaluation of man's influence on culturePassage 8Together with earthquakes, volcanoes are phenomena which bothdelight and terrify the human mind at the same time. Some of the most beautiful mountains in the world, admired by all who see them, are volcanoes. On the other hand, volcanoes have throughout history caused great destruction. The term volcano is associated with the island of Vulcano just north of Sicily. In classical times, this was thought to be the home of the god Vulcan—the god of destruction. Volcanoes have always been objects of mystery, and this is true today even despite the advances of science.A volcano is a kind of chimney, or “vent” which goes down to a liquid deep inside the earth, called “magma”. Three types of material come out of the vent: a hot liquid called lava, pieces of rock, and great quantities of gas. The lava and rock often collect round the vent and form what is known as the volcano’s cone. Volcanic eruptions vary between two extremes. In one, the lava comes quietly to the surface and flows away as a river, causing little damage except to objects directly in its path. On the other extreme great explosions occur, frequently blowing away the cone and causing great damage. The great majority of the world’s volcanoes are intermediate between these two extremes.There are several ways of classifying volcanoes. This is usually done according to the type of vent or the nature of the explosion. According to this latter classification, the most explosive type of volcano is the Pelean type, named after the eruption of Mount Pelee in the Lesser Antibes in 1902. The characteristic feature of this type is the so-called “glowing cloud”. This is a great cloud of red lava thrown from the volcano at high speed.36. Volcanoes______.A.delight people rather than terrify themB.either delight people or terrify themC.neither delight people nor terrify themA.delight people and, on the other hand, terrify them37. The first paragraph implies that in classical times____.A.there were a lot of volcanic eruptions on the island of VulcanoB.Vulcan lived on the island of VulcanoC.the island of Vulcano lay, and still lies today, just north of SicilyD.there were a lot of volcanic eruptions on the island of Sicily38. The word vent (Para. 2, Line 1)means_______.A.something like a chimney in the volcanoB.magma deep inside the earthC.the volcano’s coneva, rock, and gas39. According to this passage, most of the world’s volcanic eruptions_____.A.are extremely destructiveB.cause little damageC.are neither extremely destructive nor extremely nondestructiveD.are either extremely destructive or extremely nondestructive40. According to _____, the Pelean type is the most explosive typeof Volcano.A.the type of ventB.the nature of the explosionC.the colour of lavaD.the “glowing cloud”Passage 9If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise--and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think andreason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageingcould be slowed down.With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue without intellectual or emotional faculties.)Contraction of front and side parts--as cells die off--was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty-and seventy-year olds.Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is simple remedy tothe contraction normally associated with age--using the head.The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. "The best way to maintain good bloodcirculation is through using the brain," he says, "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don't rely on pocket calculators."41. The team of doctors wanted to find out___.A) why certain people age sooner than othersB) how to make people live longerC) the size of certain people's brainsD) which people are more intelligent42. On what are their research findings based?A) A survey of farmers in northern Japan.B) Tests performed on a thousand old people.C) The study of brain volumes of different people.D) The latest development of computer technology.43. The doctor's tests show that___.A) our brains shrink as we grow olderB) the front section of the brain does not shrinkC) sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-oldsD) some people's brains have contracted more than other44. The word "subjects" in Paragraph 5 means___.A) something to be consideredB) branches of knowledge studiedC) persons chosen to be studied in an experimentD) any member of a state except the supreme ruler45. According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others?A) LawyersB) FarmersC) ClerksD) Shop assistantsPassage 10It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only “remembering” things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typicallybehaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat.Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 ”words”---ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a。

全新版大学英语阅读教程第四册课后练习答案(全部)

阅读教程Lesson 2 Leading MenExercises1. Reading ComprehensionRead the text again and choose the best answer to each of the following questions or statements.1)Which of the following statements is true about the Lewis and Clark expedition?A.President Jefferson was pleased when the expedition achieved its originalaim.B.There was no written record of hostility between the two captains.C.Clark was his only choice when Lewis tried to find a co-commander.D.The corps often came into violent conflict with Indians.2)When the two-volume edition of the Lewis and Clark Expedition journals wasfinally published, _________.A.it turned out to be a great successB.the whole country was shockedC.it is most well-known as a great mapD.its circulation was very limited3)Which of the following is not covered in this article?A.The significance of the expedition.B.The disappointments of Lewis and Clark.C.The personalities of the two captains.D.The hardships of the expedition.4)Which of the following was not the result of the expedition?A.Understanding of numerous Indian tribes.B.Trunks of specimens of plants and animals.C. A masterpiece map of the American West.D. A most direct water route across America.5)The author employs materials from the following sources except _________.A.Jefferson’s diaryB.written records of relevant peopleC.details from Lewis and Clark’s journalsD.recollections of family members or relativesKey:1. B（其他三个选项都与课文内容不符。

大学英语CET-4阅读理解试题及答案

大学英语CET-4阅读理解试题及答案大学英语CET-4阅读理解试题及答案知识如金矿，挖之愈深，得之愈多;知识如登山，攀之愈高，望之愈远。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语CET-4阅读理解试题及答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!Beijing Unveils 2008 Logo"Young, dynamic —bringing together history andcultural heritage, as well as the future of China . "This was how Jacques Rogge, president of theInternational Olympic Committee ( IOC) 1, describedthe Beijing Olympic logo, which was unveiled in a ceremony attended by 2, 008 invited guestsat the Temple of Heaven.The emblem, officially entitled"Chinese Seal —Dancing Beijing", has a single Chinese characteron a traditional red Chinese seal. The words "Beijing 2008 "are written with a Chinese brushbelow it. The figure in the logo resembles a runner or dancer and the Chinesecharacter"jing"which means" capital"."The image carries the message that today's China is not only a nation with a long and glorioushistory, but also one full of modern dynamics, "says Jin Shangyi, one of the members of theemblem selection panel."The running figure represents the spirit of Olympic ( faster, higher,stronger) by focusing2 on the dynamics of athletes, "Jin adds. It also represents the ancientChinese art of seal-cutting which dates back 3, 700 years to the Yin Dynasty. Seals have beenused by individuals as well as by official documents.The new logo was a joint3 effort that started with a design by the Beijing Armstrong VisualIdentity Corp. The designers chose the seal to personify the Chinese character and provideanew image of Beijing that combines traditional culture with sports. The traditional Chineseelements in the design remind viewers of the logo used in bidding for the 2008 Olympics.According to vice-president of the Beijing organizing Committee for the XXIX Olympiad (BOCOG), it is customary to design a logo for the Olympiad rather than continue to use the bidlogo. Intellectual property rights also play a role in this.The work of selection a new design for the 29 th Olympiad started immediately after Beijing'svictory in the bidding on July 13, 2001 . Among the 1, 985 works submitted to BOCOG, 1, 763came from the mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan. The others came from the US, Japan,Australia and elsewhere . But the decision on the dancing logo was unanimous4.After the design was selected, experts were invited to discuss it with its creators. The finalversion was approved in February 2002. A month later, Rogge approved the design in a veryChinese way — he used his own Chinese seal.练习题：Questions:1. What's the spirit of Olympics?2. What's the feature of the new logo?1. Faster, higher and stronger.2. The new logo has a single Chinese character on atraditional red Chinese seal. The words "Beijing2008" are written below it. The figure in the logoresembles a runner or dancer and the Chinesecharacter“jing”which means"capital".参考译文惊鸿一瞥: 北京2008奥运会会徽“ 充满青春与活力———将中国的历史和文化遗产同中国的未来融合在一起。

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AAccording toexperts,the advantage of modified food is that it helps in preventing the occurrence ofallergies and also has along shelf life. Howe ver,a major portion of the population is against the consumption of genetically modified food and is concerned about its disadvantages.If you are also confused about the consumption of genetically modified food,read through the pros and cons given below and decide tor yourself.Advantages of Genetically Modified Foods•One of the most prominent advantages of genetically modified food is that it helps in controlling the occurrence of certain diseases.Certain foods cause allergy to people.Their genetic modification alters the DNA system of these foods,thereby making them non-allergic.•Another major advantage of such type of foods is that they grow faster than their traditionally grown counterparts.As a result,there is greater productivity and more food.•A person need not bother about any additional costs,such as buying chemicals and pesticides,when it comes to genetically engineered food.The food is naturally pest-resistant.• Farming these foods can be a great way to fight world hunger.Since these crops grow faster or more effectively,increased production would help countries wherein crops may not normally prosper because of less than desirable environmental conditions.•The increased shelflife of these food products helps in reducing the quantity of rotten food.Disadvantages of Genetically Modified Foods•The biggest disadvantage of genetically modified food is that they have harmful effects on the human body.The consumption of these genetically engineered foods can lead to development of diseases that are immune to antibiotics. •Chances of deve loping cancer are high in people who regularly consume engineered food.•Since it is an unnatural way of producing foods,there is an increased health hazard such as allergens,transfer of antibiotic resistance markers and unknown effects.•Since the product ion of engineered food involves infusing animal genes in the crops and tampering with nature,it might not be good for consumption in the long run.［选择题］' '♦How does genetically modified food control the occurrence of certain diseases?A.By cross-pollinating.B.By conventional crossbreeding.C.By altering the DNA system of these foods.［答案］C♦Do farmers need to buy any chemicals and pesticides if they plant genetically modified food?A.Yes,they need to.Because the food is not resist to pests.B.No,thcy don't need to.Because the food is naturally pest-resistant.C.No,thcy don't need to.Because the chemicals and pesticides arc provided by the government. ［答案IB♦Which statement is not the advantage of genetically modified food?A.It may have harmful effects on human body.B.Genetically modified food grows faster than their traditionally grown counterpans.C.Farming genetically modified food can help fight world hunger.［答案］A♦What would happen to a person if he regularly consume genetically modified food?A.He would get cold.B.He would lose some weight.C.He would have cancer.［答案］C♦Which of the following would be the best title fbr this passage?A.Can Genetically Modified Foods Combat World Hunger?B.Genetically Modified Mood： Our Answer Is No.C.Genetically Modified Foods： Pros And Cons［答案］CI am Very happy to share my story about breast enlargement in Thailand.Anyone who is not sure about breast enlargement should read this story first.Firstly,! was amazed at the level of care I received at the Thailand private hospital.lt was like being in a luxury hotel.The nursing staffs were also better than those who I have ever met in all my years in America.Not only were they professionaLbut kinder and more patient than Western nurses.The hospital food was excellent,so I was able to choose from a large and varied Mcnu.In my private room,there was cable T.V.,a fridge,a phone,and impressive views of Bangkok（曼谷）.My Translator was able to communicate with me,and the plastic surgeons arranged the whole operation without me lifting a finger.The operation cost me a third of the price of the U.K.With the low cost of the air tickets and a holidayjt worked out at about half UK's price,because the cost in Thailand is so cheap.Combining a plastic surgery with a holiday in an amazing place is an unforgettable experience.From the moment I arrived in Bangkok airport,! felt relaxed and welcomed by the Plastic Surgery & Holiday team,it made me feel that I had friends here already.［选择题］♦Where did the author have her breast-enlargement operation?A.In Thailand.B.In America.C.In U.K.I答案］A♦Was the author satisfied with the nursing staffs for her?A.No,because they were no better than America nurses.B.Yes,because they were more patient than Western nurses.C.No,because the care was very poor.I答案IB♦Which of the following statement is TRUE?A.The author was content with the food in the hospital.B.When the author was in the hospital,she lived in a public room.C.There was cable T.V.,a bridge and a phone in the author's room.I答案］A♦What does the underlined phrase lifting a finger mean in paragraph three?A.Doing something with only one finger.B.Helping with something.C.Carrying something.［答案］B♦Why did the author think her experience unforgettable?A.Because she had an operation there.B.Because she was satisfied with everything there.C.Because she was satisfied with the service and price there.［答案1Cyou sitting on your front garden admiring the shining sun when your neighbor comes with that Imagineannoying car with the noisy sound and the exhaust pipe blowing out the horrible black smoke.What are you going to do about it?In our modem days,too many people depend on their cars to get to work or to drop off their children to school.However,is it safe to have an increasing number of cars on our roads ? Research shows that cars create serious pollution.Exhaust from all combustion engines produce harmful effects on the health of both car users and all innocent walkers.Cities have become islands of toxic chemicals from the unrestrained use of vehicles burning fossil fuels.The harmful health effects of car exhaust are pervasive and difficult to measure.For example,people with asthma would suffer with attacks due to the pollution.The world wild life also suffers from the cars' toxic emissions.No matter how much manufacturers try to make cars environmentally friendly it will damage our earth in one way or another.Additionally cars are too dangerous for our community.Careless drivers put themselves and others in danger.Cars are critical to walkers especially to children if the driver is not looking on the road or somehow distracted Have you known someone whose toes or feet have been run over by cars while crossing the street? Lastly.cars create social problems,which could lead to poor health.A few drivers suffcr4t Road Rage'and put themselves.loved ones and others in a threatening situation.Some cars create disturbing noises,which disturbs people living near highways,freeways,etc.not to get enough sleep.People depend on their cars so much that they forgot to exercise their bodies and end up being obese or having a heart problem.As a result of the excessive number of cars on our roads,everyone's life is in danger.In order to create an environmentally friendly and safe world,it is necessary for each country to limit the permits in number to control regional air pollution.Second,car manufacturers should try to improve the efficiency of vehicles,such as finding solutions to emissions of combustion engines,developing new power sources such as new fuels,natural gas.Thirdjry to improve efficiency of traffic by setting up dedicated bus lanes and giving priority to car-pools and vehicles with 3 or more passengers.Besides,traffic can be scheduled; for example,commercial traffic at night; large companies can shift working hours and decentralize administrative operations.谜择慮］、♦Exhaust from cars is .A.harmlessB.pollutiveC.not serious［答案IB♦In the author's view,it is to make cars be friendly to environment.A.impossibleB.feasibleC.hopeful［答案］A♦will be the major victims in the car accident.A.WalkersB.ChildrenC.Car-drivers［答案IB♦Cars caused some social problems EXCEPT .A.obesityB. a quick temperC.employment［答案1C♦Which of the following is NOT TRUE as to handling car problems?A.Reducing the number of cars.ing a car in the restricted areaC.Finding alternative fuels.［答案IBIn the grass,a baby duck was hatched （孵化）out in a college biology lab with a backward leftfoot.At the time,it probably wouldn't have survived,if Mike Gary didn't recommend a proper operation to cutoff that bad foot.Months after the healing process,engineers at Novacopy Company produced a 3D printed model that would be used to create a prosthetic （修复的）foot for the duck.Considering that ABS plastics were not flexible enough for this type of exercise,the Novacopy company made a three-dimension ally modeled foot made of silicone,with the hope to create a permanent prosthesis（假肢）for the duck.It took just 13 hours to produce.This 3D prosthesis demonstrated the 3D technologies can be used not only for human application,but also in foreign subjects such as animals and other medical treatments.［选择觎♦Where was the baby duck hatched out?A.In a college biology lab.B.In a back yard.C.ln Noacopy Company.偌案］A♦What was wrong with the baby duck?A.It didn't survived.B.It was born with a backward left foot.C.Mike Gary cut off that bad foot.［答案IB♦Could ABS plastics be used to produce a 3D printed model that would be used to create a prosthetic foot for the duck?A.No,bccause ABS plastics were not flexible enough.B.Yes,but it could only be produced by Novacopy Company.C.Yes,because it was made of silicone.［答案］A♦How long did it take to create a permanent prosthesis for the duck?A.10 hours.B.13 hours.C.30 hours.［答案］B♦What did the last sentence of this passage indicate?A.3D technologies can be used only fbr human application.B.3D technologies can be used only fbr foreigners.C.3D technologies can be used to human.animals and other medical treatments. ［答案］CMMy hero is a person who has given me so many things,who has taught me about everything,and who has shown me how beautiful life is.And gradually as I get older and I grow up,my hero has opened my eyes to the fact that life is not always beautiful and happy like a fairy tale,but life is much more than that.My hero has explained to me that life can be very hard.Everyone must struggle hard to make all their dreams come true and to be a successful person.Maybe,because my her olives so close to me,I haven't realized that this person has inspired me so much.My only true heroism y mother.She was born in Jakarta,on the 1st of July.My mother is the youngest child in her family.She has two sisters,who always love and take care of her.Maybe,because of that,she becomes a cheerful,kind,fricndly,and love able person.She wants everybody to feel comfortable when they are around her.My mother likes to study and to read everything,from books to newspapers.Everyone really likes to talk and chat with her,so she has many friends.My mother believes all you need is to be a hard-working person who always wants to study hard,so that you can be a successful person.She says that many people around her have succeeded because they have studied and worked hard.［选择题］♦If a person wants to succeed in his life,he .A.should listen to a fairy tale everydayB.must dream a good dream everydayC.has to work hard all his lifeI答案］C♦The underlined word"inspired"in Paragraph 2may have the same meaning as"couragcdB.showedC.cared偌案］A♦The writer's mother becomes a love able person becauseA.she is the youngest in the familyB.her two sisters love her very muchC.she feels comfortable in her family偌案］B♦From the third passage,We can infer（推测）that the writer .A.is a friendly person like his motherB.has many friends to talk withC.knows the meaning of success［答案］c♦Which of the following is the best title for the reading?A.Study well!B.What a beautiful life!C.My mother,my hero.［答案］CRoby Mini is just 40 centimeters talhhas a large round screen for ahead and has been designed to help senior citizens living alone.Manufactured by robotics company Shanghai PT Infojhe brightly colored robot,which costs 5,000yuan($790) ,was launched on Aug 14 to help entertain and monitor elderly people.In Shanghai last year,the number of registered residents at least 60 years old was 4million.That was nearly 30 percent of the population.By 2018,the figure is projected to rise to 5 million.With many living alone,robots such as Roby Mini can help playa crucial role in caring fbr the cldciiy."It will change the way people interact with digital products,''Hong says.Founded in May,Shanghai PT Info had already done the groundwork.In fact,the research team spent three years developing the speech recognition system before the firm was officially launched.With 360-degree wheels hidden under its body,Roby Mini can follow a person through face recognition and strike up a conversation,tell jokes or provide information.The robot also works as a computer terminal,supplying weather information,ordering groceries online and even booking tax is. Roby Mini can be connected to other gadgets as well,such as smart wristbands or magnetic devices on doors.Roby Mini can also connect an elderly owner to a doctor through its high-definition screen. Al ready Shanghai PT Info is talking to three community hospitals in Shanghai's Min hang district.Since the robot is linked to the Intemet,it can support long-distance audio and video calls.Mass production started this month and Shanghai PT Info plans to manufacture 200,000units this year.But the future is not easy for Shanghai PT Info.Earlier this year,Flying wings Intelligent Robot Technology(Shanghai) introduced a machine with sensors that will ring an alarm when an elderly person falls down.Tianjin Shangjiu Sheng yuan Technology Group also developed a robot for seniors in 2014.Owners can turn on the lights and air-conditioning units by pressing buttons on the machine.lt can also remind elderly owners to take pills,and inform them of hospital checkups and family birthdays.［选择题］♦Roby Mini is the name of.A. a robotics companyB. a robotC. a senior citizen living alone［答案］B♦Roby Mini is designed to .A.hclp look after children living alone in senior high schoolB.help entertain and monitor senior citizensC.change the way people interact with digital productsI答案IB♦According to this passage,the number of registered residents at least 60 years old will be .A. 4 million next yearB.30 percent of the populationC.increase to 5 million by 2018［答案1C♦The writer thinks“the future is not easy for Shanghai PT info M becausc .A.there are too many elder people in ShanghaiB.Roby Mini can not ring an alarm when an elderly person falls down.C.the company will face tough competition in the marketplace［答案］C♦The writer thinks“the future is not easy for Shanghai PT Info M because .A.there are too many elder people in ShanghaiB.the company will face tough competition in the marketplaceC.Roby Mini can not ring an alarm when an elderly person falls down［答案］B♦The best title fbr this passage would be"A.How to Use a RobotB.Elder People Increase in ShanghaiC.Robot Gives Help to Older People［答案］CThere are threekinds of goals: short-term jnedium-range and long-term goals.Short-term goals are thosethat usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possibly months.lt should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation,our long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed.As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed.And as your list of completion dates grows,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-term goals may be related to our dreams of the future.They might cover five years or more.Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.［选择成］、'♦Short-term goals are the ones that .A.motivate you over the long haulB.kcep you engaged on a daily basisC.might be measured for many years偌案］B♦The medium-range goals are built upon .A.bclief and successB.the motivation and desireC.the completion of the short-term goals［答案］C♦Once we set ourselves long-term goals, .A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.wc may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.wc had better wait for the exciting news of success［答案］B♦What does the underlined word “static" mean in the last p aragraph?A.movingB.developingC.not moving［答案］C♦Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.Short-term goals all help in achieving your long-term goals.B.Any time you move a step at a time,you may become discouraged.C.Life is a static thing,thus never allowing a long-term goal to limit us. 偌案］AWhen computer servers operate a complex program,they can get very hot.Cooling the servers can be costly.So researchers asked what would happen if the heat created by the servers could be captured and used?Data centers of large Internet companies such as Google and Microsoft have thousands of computer servers.As these servers process information,they create large amounts of heat,so they need huge cooling systems,These systems send the heat into the air.The Dutch company Nerdalize thinks paying for electricity to operate the servers and then paying again to cool them is a waste of energy.So it developed a device called the e-Radiator.It is a computer server that also works as a heating source.Boaz Lcupe is the chief executive officer of Nerdalize,He says the e-Radiator saves money because companies don't have to pay to cool their servers."The kilowatt（千瓦）hour you are using is used twice-once to heat the home and once to compute the client's task without the cooling overhead.M He says five homeowners in the Netherlands are testing the heating device in their homes."We reimburse the electricity the server uses,and that we can do because of the computer clients on the other side,and,in that way,homeowners actually get heating fbr free,and computer users don't have to pay fbr the overhead of the data center.,,Jan Visser is one of the participants in the year-long expcrimcnt.He says the amount of heat produced by the e-Radiator into room depends on the work being done by the computer server.He says it can not be used as the primary source of heat.But he is ready to try it.He says if it provides enough warmth,he will be able to use his home's heating system less,which will save himmoney.Nerdalize says e-Radiators create heat temperatures of up to 55°C.It says the devices could save users up to $440 in heating costs a year.［选择题］♦Why did researchers ask what would happen if the heat created by the servers could be captured and used?A.Because computers can get very hot.puter servers is a complex program,C.Cooling computer servers costs a lot of money.I答案］c♦The computer servers in large Internet companies such as Google and Microsoft can .A.create large amounts of informationB.create large quantity of heatC.manage the huge cooling systems［答案］B♦Nerdalize developed the e-Radiator because .A.e-Radiator cost less energyB.e-Radiator can cool the servers for freeC.e-Radiator can create cold air for free［答案］B♦According to Jan Visser,the amount of heat produced by the e-Radiator .A.depends on the work being processed by PCB.can not be used as the home's heating systemC.can not be used as the main source of heat偌案1C♦The best title for this passage would be"A.The New Way to Heat HomesB.The New Way to Cool HomesC.Hot Computers Could Be Used for Free［答案］A。

大学英语四级阅读习题及答案

大学英语四级阅读习题及答案大学英语四级阅读习题(一)1、A2、D3、C4、C5、B大学英语四级阅读习题答案Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new generations of children the customs and values of the parents culture. How people treat newborns, for example, can be indicative of cultural values. In the United States it is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room that belongs only to the child. This helps to preserve parents privacy and allows the child to get used to having his or her own room, which is seen as a first step toward personal independence. Americans traditionally have held independence and a closely related value, individualism, in high esteem. Parents try to instill these prevailing values in their children. American English expresses these value preferences: children should "cut the (umbilical) cord" and are encouraged not to be "tied to their mothers apron strings." In the process of their socialization children learn to "look out for number one" and to "stand on their own two feet".Many children are taught at a very early age to make decisions and be responsible for their actions. Often children work for money outside the home as a first step to establishing autonomy. Nine-or ten-year-old children may deliver newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers (13 to 18 years) may baby-sit neighbors homes in order to earn a few dollar a week. Receiving a weekly allowance at an early age teaches children to budget their money, preparing them for future financial independence. Many parents believe that managing money helps children learn responsibility as well as appreciate the value of money.21. According to this passage, the way people treat newborns _____.A) is a sign of their customsB) is an indication of their level of knowledgeC) symbolizes their social systemD) varies from culture to culture22. The expression, "to cut the cord", is used to show that _____.A) children dont like their parentsB) parents dont feel close to their childrenC) parents would not like to live together with their childrenD) independence from ones family is an important personal goal in USA23. Children who are "tied to the apron strings" _____.A) are caught in their mothers apronsB) must always wear an apron when they eatC) are very dependent on their mothersD) are independent from their parents24. American people often let their children work for money outside the home at a very early age because _____.A) children have to earn money to help the familyB) they need more moneyC) they want them to begin establishing autonomyD) children have to save money for future use25. It can be inferred from this passage that _____.A) Americans are money loversB) Americans admire independenceC) Americans are good at decision-makingD) Americans are all responsible大学英语四级阅读习题(二)Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.21. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ________.A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB) analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC) set a standard for football refereeingD) reexamine the rules for football refereeing22. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ________.A) slightly above averageB) higher than in the 1998 World CupC) quite unexpectedD) as high as in a standard match23. The findings of the experiment show that ________.A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot24. The word “officials” (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to ________.A) the researchers involved in the experimentB) the inspectors of the football tournamentC) the referees of the football tournamentD) the observers at the site of the experiment25. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is45.B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.。

【精品】12月17英语四级快速阅读真题及答案

12月17英语四级快速阅读真题及答案2011年12月17英语四级快速阅读真题及答案Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Why Integrity MattersWhat is Integrity?"Integrity" is defined as "adherence to moral and ethical principles; honesty." The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trustis essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky BusinessWe are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes mayunintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themseWhy Integrity MattersWhat is Integrity?"Integrity" is defined as "adherence to moral and ethical principles; honesty." The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trustis essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky BusinessWe are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and beaware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themseWhy Integrity MattersWhat is Integrity?"Integrity" is defined as "adherence to moral and ethical principles; honesty." The key to integrity is consistency--not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical standardseven when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trustis essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus, integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky BusinessWe are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit, or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themseelves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it," "I'm not hurting anyone," or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my ownpaper, but that's not cheating because I'm just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and avoid excuses. If we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making--and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or ashamed of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.Evaluating RisksTo decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immediate benefits ("what's in it for me"), and simplyhaven't considered what might go wrong. Theconsequences of getting caught are serious, and may include a "0" on a test or assignment; an "F" inthe class; Suspension or Dismissal from school; transcript notation; and a tarnished reputation. In fact, when you break a rule or law, you losecontrol over your life, and give others the powerto impose punishment: you have no control over what that punishment might be. This is an extremely precarious and vulnerable position. There may be some matters of life and death, or highestprinciple, which might justify such a risk, butthere aren't many things that fall in this category. Getting Away With It--Or NotThose who don't get caught pay an even higher price.A cheater doesn't learn from the test, deprivinghim/herself of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she wouldhave failed. Cheating destroys self-esteem and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty, and afraid of getting caught. Worst of all, a cheaterwho doesn't get caught the first time usuallycheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheatergets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences. Students have beendismissed from school because they didn't get this simple message: Honesty is the ONLY policy that works.Cheating Hurts Others, TooCheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have a profound cumulativeeffect. Cheating can spread like a disease, and a cheater can encourage others just by being seenfrom across the room. Recent statistics suggest 30% or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in.("If I don't cheat, I can't compete with those who do.") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of good teaching isseeing students learn, but a cheater says, "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach; all Icare about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a blatant and destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the University, and harm those who worked hard fortheir degree.Why Integrity MattersIf cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others every day. If not, we couldn't put moneyin the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, goto the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal,the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.A) sticks to them in their daily lifeB) makes them known to othersC) understands their true valuesD)sees that others also follow them2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?A) It helps to create team spiritB) It facilitates communicationC) It is the basis of mutual trustD) It inspires mutual respect3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？A. To ensure we make responsible choices.B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.C. so that we don’t break any rules.D. so that we don’t run into trouble.4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if_______?A. it has caused no harm.B. it is claimed to be unintentional.C. it has gone unnoticed.D. it is committed with good intentions.5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?A. Avoid making excuses.B. Listen to other people’s advice.C. Make his intensions public.D. Have others watch over his shoulder.6. Those who take risks they regret later on_______.A. will often become more cautiousB. are usually very aggressiveC. value immediate benefits most.D. may lose everything in the end7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.A) pay more dearlyB) become more confidentC) be widely admiredD) feel somewhat lucky8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to _______ 9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on people’s _______10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of _______.参考答案：1-5 ACABA 6-7 CA8 stealing a grade9 honesty and good faith.10 the Watergate scandal一、国菜之尊佛跳墙教学目标：1、了解佛跳墙的由来。

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Passage 1Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement?This type of stare often produces hostile feelings.1. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that___.A) every glance has its significance2. If you want to be left alone on an elevator, the best thing to do is___.B) to avoid eye contact with other passengers3. By "a dimming of the lights" (Line 13,Para.1 )Erving Goffman means___.C) ceasing to glance at others4. If one is looked at by a stranger for too long, he tends tofeel___.B) uneasy5. The passage mainly discusses___.D) the role of eye contact in interpersonal communication. Passage 2Geraldo Rivera is well known for his compassionate investigative reports on WABC-TV Eyewitness News.But I’m not just in the business of making people cry. I’m in the business of chang e.”6. Geraldo Rivera is working as a(n)______.B. investigative reporter for a special TV program7. How many awards did Rivera receive for his work?D. Five8. Rivera’s inves tigation and expose on the conditions atWillowbrookStateSchool led to _____.D. all of the above9. The term “One-to-One” in the 3rd paragraph refers to ______.A. an organization in the community that helps takebetter care of the mentally disabled10. The author suggests in this passage that_____.B. Rivera never tries to conceal his own compassion in hisreportingPassage 3In the old days, children were familiar with birth and death as part of life. This is perhaps the first generation of American youngsters (年轻人) who have never been close by during the birth of a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member.11. The elders of contemporary Americans___.C) usually witnessed the birth or death of a family member12. Children in America today are denied the chance___.A) to learn how to face death13. Five hundred critically ill patients were investigated with the main purpose of___.D) learning how to best help them and their families14. The need of a dying patient for company shows___.A) his desire for communication with other people15. It may be concluded from the passage that___.C) dying patients should be truthfully informed of their conditionPassage4The oldest and simplest method, then, of describing differences in personality was to classify people according to types. Such a system is called a Typology.A famous example of this method was set forth in Greece about the year 400 B.C. A physician named Hippocrates theorized thatthere were four fluids, or humors, in the body. Corresponding to each humor, he believed, there existed a definite type of personality.16. This passage focuses on________.C. personality theory and classification17. According to Hippocrates’ fluid theory, a person with a perfect balance of all the four humors in him_________.B. had a pleasant and agreeable temperament18. Which of the following is NOT true?C. people with an oversupply of blood would easily getexcited19. Modern personality theories and classifications______.A. are often very different because personality itself israther complicated20. In the forth-coming paragraphs, the author is most probably going to talk about____.B. different opinions of psychologists about the factors indetermining personalityPassage 5Space is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors (流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars.21. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that___.A) it protects him against the harmful rays from space22. We know from the passage that___.B) the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming23. The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members___.D) remains unknown24. It can be inferred from the passage that___.B) protection from space radiation is no easy job25. The best title for this passage would be___.C) Effects of Space RadiationPassage 6Although the United Kingdom covers only a small area of the earth’s surface, it represents people of many different origins and cultures.26. In this passage the author intends to tell the origin of ____.A. the British27. From the passage we know that_______.D. almost every British citizen had his or her family originfrom somewhere else28. According to the passage, the earliest inhabitants in Britain were______.C. Stone Age hunters and gatherers29. Thanks to ______ we can learn about the earliest inhabitants in Britain.D. The Romans occupying the Celtic Kingdoms in Britain30. According to the passage which of the following is NOT true?D. There were blacksmiths in Britain before 700 BC. Passage 7The concept of "environment" is certainly difficult and may even be misunderstood; but we have no handy substitute.versa (反之亦然).31. Which of the following words can best describe the popular understanding of "environment" as the author sees it?D) Oversimplified.32. According to the author the concept of "environment" is difficult to explain because___.C) the organism and the environment influence each other33. In analyzing the environmental forces acting on man the author suggests that___.C) man is modified by the cultural environment as well as by the natural environment34. As for culture, the author points out that___.B) it is also affected by environmental factors35. In this passage, the author is primarily concerned with___.A) the interpretation of the term "environment"Passage 8Together with earthquakes, volcanoes are phenomena which both delight and terrify the human mind at the same time.36. V olcanoes______.D. delight people and, on the other hand, terrify them37. The first paragraph implies that in classical times____.A. there were a lot of volcanic eruptions on the islandofVulcano38. The word vent(Para. 2, Line 1)means_______.A. something like a chimney in the volcano39. According to this passage, most of the world’s volcanic eruptions_____.C. are neither extremely destructive nor extremelynondestructive40. According to _____, the Pelean type is the most explosive type of V olcano.B. the nature of the explosionPassage 9If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say thatmost of our brains are not getting enough exercise--and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.41. The team of doctors wanted to find out___.A) why certain people age sooner than others42. On what are their research findings based?C) The study of brain volumes of different people.43. The doctor's tests show that___.D) some people's brains have contracted more than other44. The word "subjects" in Paragraph 5 means___.C) persons chosen to be studied in an experiment45. According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others?A) LawyersPassage 10It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.46. According to the passage, memory is considered to be _____.B. an ability to store experiences for future use47. The comparison made between the memory capacity of a large computer and that of human being shows that______.C. the computer’s memory capacity is much smaller eventhan a teenager’s48. The whole passage implies that____.C. animals are able to solve only very simple problems49. The phrase “in terms of” in the last sentence can best be replaced by______.B. expressed by50. The topic of the passage is:B. Memory is of vital importance to life.Passage11In what now seems like the prehistoric times of computer history, the earth's postwar era, there was quite a wide-spread concern that computers would take over the world from man one day. (失误).51. What is the main purpose of this passage?D) To warn against a mentally lazy attitude towards computers.52. According to the passage, the initial concern about computers was that they might___.B) take control of the world53. The passage recommends those dealing with computers to___.A) be reasonably doubtful about them54. The passage suggests that the present-day problem with regard to computers is___.D) fundamental55. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would disapprove of___.B) the use of one's internal computerPassage 12A new enemy is threatening Japanese traditions: leisure. As part of its attempt to increase imports, the government is trying to get people to work less and spend more. The workers are disgusted.56. The purpose of getting the Japanese to have more spare time isthat______.B. the government needs to get more goods from abroad57. The group of people who welcome the shorter-hour system in Japan is_____.B. the industrialists58. The unions think that ______.C. the shorter hours they work, the less pay they can have59. What is the result of the younger Japanese’s reaction to the leisure industry?C. It becomes more and more flourishing60. The best title for this passage can be_____.B. Leisure: the Greatest Threat!Passage 13In the 196Os,medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful.61. The result of Holmes-Rahe's medical research tells us____.C) what kind of event would cause stress62. The studies on stress in the early 1970's led to___.B) great panic over the mental disorder it could cause63. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows___.A) how much pressure you are under64. Why is "such simplistic advice" (Line 1,Para.3) impossible to follow?D) You could be missing opportunities as well.65. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become___.C) more capable of coping with adversityPassage 14Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when allautos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.66. One significant improvement in the future car will probably be___.C) its power source67. What is the author's main concern?D) How to solve the problem of traffic jams.68. What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?B) A rail.69. In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to dois___.C) inform the system of his destination by phone70. What is the author's attitude toward the future of autos?A) Optimistic.Passage 15It is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean's largest creature, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult, and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior.71. The passage is chiefly about___.B) the civilian use of a military detection system72. The underwater listening system was originally designed___.A) to trace and locate enemy vessels73. The deep-sea listening system makes use of____.C) the unique property of layers of ocean water in transmitting sound74. It can be inferred from the passage that___.D) military technology has great potential in civilian use75. Which of the following is true about the U. S. Navy underwater listening network?A) It is now partly accessible to civilian scientists.Passage 16In Britain arrangement for inviting and entertaining guests at a wedding is usually the responsibility of the bride’s family. (牧师)76. It is the bride’s parents who normally have to ______ .A) make all the arrangements for the wedding77. According to the passage some guests may be invited because______ .c) their presence could provide future benefits78. Why are the arrangements for a church wedding usually made sometime before?d) To ensur e a thorough investigation of the couple’s existingmarital status.79. What possible difference is suggested between a church and a civilwedding?c) Guests at civil weddings are less formally dressed.80. The reception normally takes place in the bride’s home if ______ .b) there is enough room to entertain the people invited Passage 17Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and, fortunately, the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of overgrown and unwanted branches.81. Pruning should be done to ______ .B) improve the shape of the tree82. Tree becomes unhealthy if the gardener ______ .A) allows too many branches to grow in the middle83. Why is a special substance painted on the tree?B) To prevent disease entering a wound.84. A good gardener prunes a tree _____ .C) occasionally when necessary85. What was the author’s purpose when writing this passage?B) To give a general description of pruning.Passage 18The long years of food shortage in this country have suddenly given way to apparent abundance. Shops are choked with food. Rationing（定量供应） undance86. Why is there “wide-spread uneasiness and confusion” about thefood situation in Britain?C) Despite the abundance, food prices keep rising.87. The main reason for the rise in food prices is that ______ .B) the government is providing less support for agriculture88.Why didn’t the government’s expansion programme work very well?B) Because the farmers were uncertain about the benefits ofexpanding production.89. The decrease in world food prices was a result of ______ .D) the overproduction on the part of the main food-exportingcountries90. What did the future look like for Britain’s food production at thetime this article was written?D) It looks depressing despite government guarantees. Passage 19It is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick pace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. Everybody knows that the nicest men become monsters behind the wheel.. Perhaps the situation calls for “Be Kind to Other Drivers” campaign, otherwise it may get completely out of hand.91. According to this passage, troubles on the road are primarily causedby ________.C) the behavior of the driver92. The sentence “ You might tolerate the odd road-hog … the rule.”( para. 1) implies that ________.D) nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority ofmotorists93. By “good sense”, the writer means ________.A) the driver’s ability to unde rstand and react reasonably94. Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-ownershipexplosion, ________.B) drivers should be ready to yield to each other95. In the writer’s opinion ________.B) drivers should apply road politeness properlyPassage 20There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual…. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.96. The passage mainly discusses ________.A) the origin of theater97. In the first paragraph, the author discusses ________.C) the connection between myths and dramatic plots98. The word “enactment” in Line 15 is closest in meaning to________.B) performance99. The main difference between ritual and drama is that ________.D) ritual has a religious purpose and drama does not100. The passage supports ________.A) no one really knows how the theatre beganPassage 21For years the prevailing wisdom on how immigrants fare in the labor market in the United States has been based on the notion that assimilation is the key, even determining factor. Drawingmainly on 1970 Census data,……. The positive effect ofassimilation is so small that there is little chance the averageimmigrant will ever catch up with the native workers.101. It can be inferred from the passage that previously it was thought the earnings of the immigrants were low because ______.C)they had poor language and work skills102. According to the passage the role of assimilation in determining the earnings of the immigrants is ______.B) a controversial factor103. Mexican immigrants have higher employment rates because ______.D)many illegal foreigners would rather accept low-paying jobs104. It can be inferred from the passage that “assimilation” means______.A) merging105. The main topic of the passage is ______.D)cause of immigrants’ different employment situations in theU.S.Passage 22The Security Council is the most powerful body in the UN. It is responsible for maintaining international peace, and for restoring peace when conflicts arise. 一致同意）106. Which is TRUE in the following statements according to the passage?B) All UN members should abide by the decisions adopted by theSecurity Council.107. The Security Council is effective only when its permanent members canreach a consensus because ____.A) every permanent member has the veto right of greatpowers108. One motion（提议）is adopted by the Security Council only if ____.C) 9 members agree on it and all the permanent membersapprove of it109. The passage introduces all things about the Security Council EXCEPT____.D) history110. The last paragraph of this passage may be concluded with the statementthat ____.A) UN gives priority to peaceful settlement of the conflicts among countriesPassage 23Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station—a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.(草木繁茂的)111. Antarctica is scientifically important in that ____.D) it can help people detect global environmental changes112. The reason for the disappearance of glaciers in the dry valley is ____.C) the global warming trend ever since the ice age113. When the author calls Antarctica “distant early warning sensor”, heactually means that ____.C) potential global changes can be seen on Antarctica first 114. Which of the following statements is true according to the article?D) All the countries on earth should be concerned about the health of theWest Antarctic Ice Sheet.115 The word “spotted”(2nd paragraph) can best be replacedby____.B) noticedPassage 24There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns.116. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns .B) promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employment117) Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because .C) there are so many people out of work118. In the past it was expected that first job hunters would .D) keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview119. Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter .A) something that would distinguish one from other applicants 120. The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because .B) there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degreesPassage 25In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments…. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent—controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.121. There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may .A) cause a shortage of apartments122. According to the critics, rent control .C) will bring negative effects in the long run123. The problem of unemployment will arise .A) if the minimum wage is set too high124. The passage tells us .B) the possible results of government controls125. Which of the following statements is NOT true?D) Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory. Answers to the Questions:1.A2.B3.C4.B5.D6.B7.D8.D9.A 10.B 11.C 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.B 21.A 22.B 23.D 24.B 25.C 26.A 27.D 28.C 29.D 30.D 31.D 32.C 33.C 34.B 35.A 36.D 37.A 38.A 39.C 40.B 41.A 42.C 43.D 44.C 45.A 46.B 47.C 48.C 49.B 50.B 51.D 52.B 53.A 54.B 55.D 56.B 57.B 58.C 59.C 60.B 61.C 62.B 63.A 64.D 65.C 66.C 67.D 68.B 69.C 70.A 71.B 72.A 73.C 74.D 75.APassage 16: ( 76 – 80 ) A C D C B Passage 17: ( 81 – 85 ) B A B C B Passage 18: ( 86 – 90) C B B D D Passage 19: ( 91 – 95 ) C D A B B Passage 20: ( 96 –100 ) A C B D A Passage 21: ( 101 –105 ) C B D A DPassage 22: ( 106 –110 ) B A C D A Passage 23: ( 111 – 115) D C C D BPassage 24: (116 – 120 ) B C D A B Passage 25: (121 – 125 ) A C A B D。