高中英语必修五：Unit1单元检测卷(附答案)

单元检测卷Unit 1第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AIf you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000 joggers (慢跑者)and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at is found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉). Over time, this can cause serious injuries.Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy(寿命), jogging a few times a week at a moderate (适度的)pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary, and it may be harmful.”The implications (暗示)of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and brisk (轻快的)walking may be better for us than “iron man”events, triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, “You don’t actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much”.1. The underlined word “strenuous”in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_____________”.A. hardB. regularC. practicalD. flexible2. The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to __________.A. suggest giving up joggingB. show risks of doing sportsC. provide supportive evidenceD. introduce the research process3. According to the scientists, why is too much exercise harmful?A. It may injure the heart and arteriesB. It can make the body tired outC. It will bring much pressureD. It consumes too much energy4. What can be inferred from the next?A. No exercise at all is the best choiceB. More exercise means a healthier lifeC. Marathons runners are least likely to dieD. Proper exercise contributes to good healthBChristopher Thomas, 27, was a writer by night and a teacher by day when he noticed he was always tired and was losing weight fast. Diagnosed with diabetes(糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject himself with insulin three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damage, blindness and even death. And if that weren’t bad enough, he had no health ins urance.After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided he’d better find a way to fight back. He left Canton, Michigan for New York, got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created diabeticrockstar. com, a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones—a place where over 1100 people shared personal stories, information and resources.Jason Swencki’s son, Kody, was diagnosed with diabetes at six. Father and son visit the online children’s forums (论坛) together most even ings. “Kody gets so excited, writing to kids from all over,” says Swencki, one of the site’s volunteers. “They know what he’s going through, so he doesn’t feel lonely.”Kody is anything but alone: Diabetes is now the seventh leading cause of death in the United States, with 24 million diagnosed cases. And more people are being diagnosed at younger ages.These days, Thomas’s main focus is his charity (慈善机构)，Fight It, which provides medicines and supplies to people —225 to date—who can’t afford a diabetic’s huge expenses. Fight-it. org has raised $23,000 —in products and in cash. In May, Thomas will hold the first annual Diabetic Rockstar Festival in the Caribbean.Even with a staff of 22 volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause, while still doing his full-time job waiting tables. “Of the diabetes charities out there, most are putting money into finding a cure,” says Bentley Gubar, one of Rockstar’s original members. “But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now.”5. Which of the following is TRUE of Christopher Thomas?A He needs to go to the doctor every dayB He studies the leading cause of diabetes.C He has a positive attitude to his disease.D He encourages diabetics by writing articles.6. Diabeticrockstar. com was created for ________.A diabetics to communicateB volunteers to find jobsC children to amuse themselvesD rock stars to share resources7. What can we learn about Fight It?A It helps the diabetics in financial difficulties.B It organizes parties for volunteers once a year.C It offers less expensive medicines to diabetics.D It owns a well-known medical website.CHappy birthday! Do birthdays really make people happy? Of course they do. Birthdays celebrate the day we were born. Besides, that extra candle on the cake suggests another year of growth and maturity—or so we hope. We all like to imagine that we’re getting wiser and not just older. Most of us enjoy seeing the miracle of growth in others, as well. For instance, seeing our children develop and learn new things makes us feel proud. For Americans, like people in most cultures, growing up is a wonderful process. But growing old? That’s a different story.Growing old is not exactly pleasant for people in youth-oriented American culture. Most Americans like to look young, act young and feel young. As the old saying goes, “You’re as young as you feel.” Older people joke about how many years young they are, rather than how many years old. People in some countries value the aged as a source of experience and wisdom. But Americans seem to favor those who are young, or at least “young at heart”.Many older Americans find the “golden years” to be anything but golden. Economically, “senior citizens” often struggle just to get by. Retirement a t age 65 brings a sharp decrease in personal income. Social security benefits usually cannot make up the difference. Older people may suffer from poor nutrition, medical care and housing. Some even experience age discrimination (歧视). In 1987, American sociologist Pat Moore dressed up like an older person and wanderedcity streets. She was often treated rudely—even cheated and robbed. However, dressed as a young person, she received much more respect.Unfortunately, the elderly population in America is increasingly fast. Why? People are living together. Fewer babies are being born. And middle-aged “baby boomers” are rapidly entering the groups of the elderly. America may soon be a place where wrinkles (皱纹) are “in”. Marketing experts are already noticing this group of consumers (消费者).8. The main idea of the third paragraph is________.A. the golden years can make the old earn lots of moneyB. many old people in America are leading a hard lifeC. the old in America have to retire at the age of 65D. American social security benefits are not good9. From the last paragraph we know that the underlined word “in” can be replaced by________.A. seriousB. badC. disappearing slowlyD. growing fast10. From this passage we can know________.A. in America, growing up is not a wonderful processB. in America, growing up is as wonderful a process as growing oldC. in America, growing up is a wonderful process, while growing old is notD. in America, growing old is a wonderful process, while growing up is not11. What should be mentioned in the following paragraph?A. The public will change their attitude towards old people.B. People will provide more services to the old in their communities.C. Companies will soon produce more goods for old Americans.D. The government will pass laws to ensure the benefits of the people.DTo many web-building spiders, most of whom are nearly blind, the web is their essential window on the world: their means of communicating,capturing prey (猎物), meeting mates and protecting themselves. Aweb-building spider without its web is like a man cast away on an island ofsolid rock, totally out of touch and destined to starve to death.So important is the web to an orb-web spider’s survival that the anima l will continue toconstruct new webs daily even if it is being starved. For 16 days the starving spider builds completely normal webs. Then, as the animal gets scrawnier (憔悴的), it constructs a wider-meshed web using fewer strands (线). Such webs would only trap larger prey, which is more economical from the perspective of a starving spider.The spider stores energy by recycling web protein. It simply eats its own web each evening and re-uses it to produce new silk. In studies with radioactively labeled materials, it was found that 95 percent of web protein reappears in the next day’s web. Most of the energy needed for web-building is used in walking over the strands as they are laid down.Scientists are impressed by the adaptability（适应能力）of the spider’s h ighly preprogrammed brain, which is larger for its size than the brain of any other invertebrate (无脊椎动物). If web-building is interrupted, or if some of the existing strands are destroyed, the spider simply goes back to see where the web is left off and then finishes building a normal web. One spider will even finish building the incomplete web of another.12. What is probably the best title for the passage?A. Secrets of Spiders’ AdaptabilityB. Importance of Webs to SpidersC. Secrets of the Spiders’ LifeD. Spiders’ Highly Preprogrammed Brain13. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Web-building spiders have good eyesight.B. One web-building spider usually conducts one web.C. Most spiders will stop conducting webs when hungry.D. Web-building spiders will probably die without their webs.14. A spider conducts a wider-meshed web when _______.A. it is 16 days oldB. it is getting weakerC. it has fewer strandsD. it hunts for food15. A spider’s ability to finish an incomplete web proves that _______.A. it has a highly preprogrammed brainB. it reuses its web protein to reproduce new silkC. the web is everything for a spiderD. it is able to rebuild a destroyed web第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。