2020届-2021学年衡中同卷高三一轮复习周测卷数学英语试卷答案含词汇知识资料
2020-2021学年河北衡水中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案
2020-2021学年河北衡水中学高三英语期末考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AHow to Look at ShapeTake a seat at the virtual(虚拟的) table. At our new, monthly membership program, you'll join MoMA staff and fellow members for lively discussions about our collection and exhibitions. Ask questions, share your thoughts, and broaden the mind. A live Q&A, with Michelle Kuo and Anny Aviram, about shape and its role in MoMA's collection is also arranged.Draw, Write, and Connect with OthersExperiment with drawing and writing exercises as ways to connect with others, even when physically distant, in this 45-minute online workshop. This workshop is part of the Creativity Lab at Home plan. This session is led by Francis Estrada, Assistant Educator, and Hannah Fagin, Coordinator. Ifs open to anyone, but registration is limited and space is available on a first-come, first-served basis.Storytelling Through ArtThere are many ways to tell a story — through words through theater and dance, or through visual art, for example. Discover how artist Jacob Lawrence shared the history of an important event by combining words and art in a series of paintings calledThe Migration Series. For kids ages seven to fourteen. Parent participation is encouraged in this online event. Don' miss the opportunity to spend meaningful time with them.The Human ShelterIn 2016, MoMA opened Insecurities: Tracing Displacement and Shelter, an exhibition that examined how contemporary architecture arid design addressed ideas of shelter in light of global refugee(难民) emergencies. Danish Boris Benjamin Bertram documented the exhibition, and the result is a movie by him asking what makes a home, and, perhaps more importantly, when shelter becomes home. This online event is part of Member events.1.What is special about How to Look at Shape?A.It provides an interactive part.B.It is accessible to everyone.C.It is organized by Michelle Kuo.D.It focuses on MoMA's new collection.2.Which event is family-friendly?A.The Human Shelter.B.How to Look at Shape.C.Storytelling Through Art.D.Draw, Write, and Connect with Others.3.In which aspect might Bertram do well?A.Shelter design.B.Storytelling.C.Art education.D.Film-making.BHappiness is not a warm phone, according to anew study exploring the link between young life satisfaction and screen time. The study was led by professor of psychology Jean M. Twenge at San Diego State University (SDSU).To research this link, Twenge, along with colleagues Gabrielle Martin at SDSU and W. Keith Campbell at the University of Georgia, dealt with data from the Monitoring the Future (MtF) study, a nationally representative survey of more than a million U. S. 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-graders. The survey asked students questions about how often they spent time on their Phones, tablets and computers, as well as questions about their face-to-face social interactions and their overall happiness.On average found that teens who spent more time in front of screen devices — playing computer games, using social media, texting and video chatting — were less happy than those who invested more time in non-screen activities like sports, reading newspapers and magazines, and face-to-face social interactions."The key to digital media use and happiness is limited use," Twenge said. "Aim to spend no more than two hours a day on digital media, and try to increase the amount of time you spend seeing friends face-to-face and exercising — two activities reliably linked to greater happiness."Looking at historical trends from the same age groups since the 1990s, it's easy to find that the increase of screen devices over time happened at the same time as a general drop-off in reported happiness inU. S.teens. Specifically, young peopled life satisfaction and happiness declined sharply after 2012. That's the year when the percentage of Americans who owned a smartphone rose above 50 percent. By far the largest change in teens' lives between 2012 and 2016 was the increase in the amount of time they spent on digital media, and the following decline in in-person social activities and sleep.4. Which method did Twenge's team use for the study?A. Calculating students' happiness.B. Asking students certain questions.C. Analyzing data from a survey.D. Doing experiments on screen time.5. How does the author develop the finding of the study in paragraph 3?A. By making a comparison.B. By giving an example.C. By making an argument.D. By introducing a concept.6. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?A. To draw a conclusion from the study.B. To offer some advice to the readers.C. To prove social activities' importance.D. To support the researchers' finding.7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Quitting Phones Equals HappinessB. Screen Time Should Be BannedC. Teens' Lives Have Changed SharplyD. Screen-addicted Teens Are UnhappierCGray wolves have lived inNorth Americafor at least half a million years. Their living areas once included most of the continentalUnited States. But during the 1800s and early 1900s, wolves were hunted to near extinction(灭绝).By the 1960s, theU. S.wolf population was limited to a handful of creatures in small comers of the northernMidwest.Then, in 1973, a law, the ESA, was passed to protect animals from becoming extinct. Gray wolves were one of the first animals placed on the endangered-species(濒危物种)list. Killing them wasillicit. And theU. ernment worked to promote their protection. In a famous example of this effort, starting in 1995, 31 wolves were moved fromCanadatoYellowstoneNational Park. By 2015, more than 500 gray wolves were living in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem(生态系统).Today, the continentalU. S.is home to more than 6,000 gray wolves. On January 4, 2021, theU. ernment removed gray wolves from the endangered-species list.Usually, an animal's removal would be cause for celebration. But some environmental protectors say the wolves still need protection. In some parts of the country, wolves are increasing in numbers. More than a thousand of them can be found just inMichiganandWisconsin. But overall, their range is still a small part of what it was. Wolves used to live across most of the U. S. Now they , are found in fewer than a dozen states. Others arguethat as long as a species is not in danger of extinction, it doesn't belong on the endangered-species list. And farmers with land near wolf living areas say that if the wolf's population continues to grow, more of their farm animals will be killed by wolves.But some protection groups worry that without protection, the wolf population will crash again. They hope that no matter what, people and wolves can get along peacefully with each other. They are promoting ways to make that happen.8. What caused gray wolves to be almost extinct?A. Losing their living areas.B. Too many natural enemies.C. The extreme climate changes.D. Being hunted in great numbers.9. What does the underlined word "illicit" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Rather difficult.B. Against the law.C. Totally normal.D. Conditionally allowable.10. Why was the gray wolf removed from the endangered-species list?A. They have a much larger population already.B. They have all been put into the safe natural parks.C. They have been feeding on farmers, farm animals.D. They have grown too strong to be protected by humans.11. What do farmers living near gray wolves' living areas think of the animals?A. The wolves are trouble for them.B. The wolves must be better protected.C. The wolves get along peacefully with them.D. The wolves should live where they belong.DVietnammade preparations for theLunar New Year with a fish release on Thursday. The tradition involves releasing fish called carps into rivers and lakes in the country a week before the holiday known as Tet officially begins.The tradition comes from an ancient story of three “Kitchen Gods”. The three, two males and a female, take a ride on the brightly color1 ed carp at the end of the year. They go to Heaven to meet with the Jade Emperor, the God who rules there. The “Kitchen Gods” report news about the families they represent to seek the emperor's care and protection. Their efforts help to keep the kitchen fires burning, and families happy and healthy.As the Gods go to Heaven, families clean their houses in preparation to celebrate Tet. A clean house, Vietnamese believe, will bring luck in the new year. On Lunar New Year's Eve, the Gods will return to Earth and their duties in the kitchen of the house.Thursday's event inVietnamthis year was more controlled than ever before because of COVID-19. It is spreading in several northern areas of the country. However,Vietnamhas increased contact examination, mass testing, and quarantine measures to slow the spread. The aggressive action has limited infections and deaths in the country.“Vietnamese will still follow the tradition of releasing the fish, but COVID-19 has made people keep a safe distance,” said Tran Van Toi as he released a carp from a plastic bag atHanoi'sWestLake.This year, due to COVID-19, there were fewer people releasing fish there, but there was a major change in attitude towards plastic bags. After years of persuasion, now they don't throw the plastic bags into the water anymore but collect them to be recycled.12. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. Kitchen fires inVietnam.B. Traditional customs ofVietnam.C. A report on family activities inVietnam.D. A tale about Vietnamese Lunar New Year.13. What's the author's attitude towards theVietnam's actions to control COVID-19?A. Critical.B. Positive.C. Doubtful.D. Unconcerned.14. What was the change about fish release inVietnamthis year?A. It required few lake fish.B. It was more interesting and diverse.C. It was more environmentally friendly.D. It required more people and plastic bags.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Vietnamese Respect Gods During the Festive TimeB. Vietnamese Mark Lunar New Year with Fish ReleaseC. Vietnamese Lunar New Year Celebrations Are FunnyD. Traditional Lunar New Year Promotes Animal Protection第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年河北衡水中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及参考答案
2020-2021学年河北衡水中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated in the beautiful Sichuan Basin, Chongqing is a magical 8D city. The natural history and cultural scenery of the area provide children with learning opportunities because they can enjoy the many wonders of this area.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointTiankeng Diqiao Scenic Area is located in the southern mountainous area of Fengjie County. The Tiankeng pit is 666 meters deep and is currently the deepest tiankeng in the world. The scenic spot is divided into ten areas including Xiaozhai Tiankeng, Tianjingxia Ground, Labyrinth River, and Longqiao River. There are many and weird karst cave shafts, and countless legends haunt them.Youyang Peach GardenYouyang Taohuayuan Scenic Area is a national forest park, a national 5A-level scenic spot, and a national outdoor sports training base. Located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain. The Fuxi Cave in the scenic spot is about 3,000 meters long, with winding corridors, deep underground rivers, and color1 ful stalactites. The landscape is beautiful.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveJinyun Mountain is located in Beibei District of Chongqing City, about 45 kilometers away from the Central District of Chongqing City. The nine peaks of Jinyun Mountain stand upright and rise from the ground. The ancient trees on the mountain are towering, the green bamboos form the forest, the environment is quiet, and the scenery is beautiful, so it is called "Little Emei". Among them, Yujian Peak is the highest, 1050 meters above sea level; Lion Peak is the most precipitous and spectacular, and the other peaks are also unique.Chongqing People's SquareChongqing's Great Hall of the People, one of the landmarks of Chongqing, gives people the deepest impression than its magnificent appearance resembling the Temple of Heaven. It also uses the traditional method of central axis symmetry, with colonnade-style double wings and a tower ending, plus a large green glazed roof, large red pillars, white railings, double-eave bucket arches, and painted carved beams.1.How deep is the Tiankeng Ground Joint?A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m2.Which of the following rocks can you see in Youyang Peach Garden?A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite3.Which attraction is closest to downtown Chongqing?A.Fengjie Tiankeng Ground JointB.Jinyun Mountain National Nature ReserveC.Chongqing People's SquareD.Youyang Peach GardenBCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This is especially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed, stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourself with a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.4. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.5. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.6. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.7. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.CWe've all heard it before：to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3：45 am, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3：30 am and Richard Branson at 5：45 am﹣and, as we all know, "the early bird's catches the worm. "But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it's a trait most of them share？And if the idea of having exercised, planned your day, eaten breakfast, visualized and done one task before 8 am makes you want to roll over and hit snooze till next Saturday, are you really doomed to a less successful life？For about half of us, this isn't really an issue. It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn't really morning or evening﹣oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright﹣eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls. For them, the effects can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work.Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self﹣directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they plan for the future more and have a better sense of well﹣being.Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive（认知）ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night﹣time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls areas healthy and wise as morning types﹣and a little bit wealthier.Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material？Don't set your alarm for 5 am Just yet. As it turns out, overhauling（全面改革）your sleep time may not have much effect"If people are left to their naturally preferred time, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The mental capacity they have is much broader, " says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin（褪黑素）. "Then you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative physiological consequence. " Wulff says, like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose（葡萄糖）which can cause weight gain.8. What does the authordo in the first three paragraph？A. raising the problem→analyzing the problem → solving the problemB. leading in the topic→challenging a viewpoint → discussing about the topicC. presenting a viewpoint → providing supporting proofs→making a conclusionD. introducing a viewpoint →raising the question→presenting author's viewpoint9. What can we know from the 4th and 5th paragraph？A. Morning types tend to have clear goals and better mood.B. To beat night﹣time people ask them to do math calculation in themorning.C. Night owls tend to sacrifice their health for their wealth.D. Neither night owls nor morning persons perform better than the middle ones.10. Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support？A. Don't fall sleep in front of the TV.B. Avoid being regularly late for work.C. Stop setting your alarm for 5 am.D. Better not overhaul your sleep time.11. Why does the author write this article？A. To explain why some people are more successful.B.To compare the differences between early risersand night owls.C. To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late.D. To argue against this view that the Carly bird catches the worm.DSummer is quickly passing by—but not without the ultimate meteor（流星）shower event!The2021 Perseids Meteor Shower, which is considered to be the best meteor shower of the year, is expected to start lighting up skies on this Wednesday, according to NASA. Known for fireballs, the Perseids typically light up skies on warm summer nights, leaving “long wake（尾迹）of light and color1 behind them.”Under ideal conditions, sky watchers may see approximately 50-100 meteors per hour with each meteor traveling at 37 miles per second. .Because the meteors appear in all parts of the sky, it will be pretty easy to witness the celestial（天上的）event from anywhere in the world. To get the best show, it is advised to view the Perseids from the Northern Hemisphere（半球）during the pre- dawn hours, ideally between 2 a.m. and dawn. In some cases, sky gazers may be able to seemeteors during this shower as early as 9 or 10 p. m.“If it's not cloudy, pick an observing spot away from bright lights, lie on your back, and look up! You don't need any special equipment to view the Perseids—just your eyes,” NASA wrote on their site, adding that telescopes or binoculars are not recommended due to their small fields of view.Remember to let your eyes become adjusted to the dark. Try to stay off of your phone too, as looking at devices with bright screens will negatively affect your night vision and thus reduce the number of meteors you see!For those who may be unable to view the Perseids in person, a live broadcast will be streaming from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, starting around 8 p. m. on Aug. 11 and continuing through sunrise on Aug. 12.12. What can we learn about the Perseids Meteor Shower?A. It will be the best meteor shower in history.B. The ultimate shower only happens on this Wednesday.C. We can observe 50- 100 meteors per hour in any place.D. The Meteors usually have long and bright trails behind them.13. Which of the following may be the best time to view the shower?A. At 4 a. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.B. At 2 p. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.C. At sunrise on the Southern Hemisphere.D. At dawn on the Southern Hemisphere.14. What can be inferred about the observation of Meteors?A. If you use a telescope, you will see more meteors.B. You can use smartphones to record the grand scene.C. The brighter the moon is, the more meteors you can see. .D. Bright lights will reduce the visibility of meteors.15. If you are not available to watch the Perseids personally, you can ________.A. browse the unofficial website of NASAB. watch a video recorded by a flight centerC. stream a live show on Aug. 11 nightD. use special devices to connect with the shower第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
河北省衡水中学2020-2021高考数学模拟试卷及参考答案及评分标准(20页)
河北省衡水中学2020-2021高考数学模拟试卷数学试题考试时间120分钟 总分160分参考公式：样本数据x 1，x 2，…，x n 的方差s 2＝1n i ＝1∑n (x i －－x )2，其中－x ＝1n i ＝1∑n x i ． 一、填空题：（本大题共14小题，每小题5分，共70分.） 1.已知集合2{1,1,2,3},{|,3},A B x x R x =-=∈<则A B =_________． 2.复数()()12a i i ++纯虚数（i 是虚数单位），则实数a =_____________3.某算法的伪代码如图所示，如果输入的x 值为32，则输出的y 值为__________．(第11题)4.现有三张识字卡片，分别写有“抗”、“疫”、“情”这三个字.将这三张卡片随机排序，则能组成“抗疫情”的概率是_____________5.已知双曲线22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>的离心率2e =，则其渐近线的方程为 _________6.已知一组数据3，6，9，8，4，则该组数据的方差是_______．7.公差不为0的等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，若2a 、5a 、14a 成等比数列，253S a =，则10a =______________8.将1个半径为1的小铁球与1个底面周长为2π，高为4的铁制圆柱重新锻造成一个大铁球，则该大铁球的表面积为_____________ 9.若函数π()2sin(2)(0)2f x x ϕϕ=+<<图象过点，则函数()f x 在[0,]π上的单调减区间是__．10.若正实数,x y 满足2210x xy +-=，则2x y +的最小值为______．11.如图，在由5个边长为1，一个顶角为60°的菱形组成的图形中，AB CD ⋅=_____________12.若对于任意的-15x ∈∞⋃+∞（，）（，），都有22(2)0,x a x a --+>则实数a 的取值范围是______．13.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，圆()()22:23C x y m ++-=，若圆C上存在以G 为中点的弦AB ，且2AB GO =，则实数m 的取值范围为_________． 14.在ABC ∆中，若120C =，tan 3tan A B =，sin sin A B λ=，则实数λ=__________．二、解答题：（本大题共6小题，共90分..）15.如图，ABC ∆中，已知点D 在边AB 上，3AD DB =，4cos 5A =，5cos 13ACB ∠=，13BC =．（1）求cos B 的值； （2）求CD 的长.16.如图，在四棱锥P ABCD⊥，过CD-中，PC⊥平面ABCD，AB//CD，CD ACPA PB交于点,E F．的平面分别与,（1）求证：CD⊥平面PAC；AB EF（2）求证：//17.如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，已知椭圆22:143x y C +=的左、右顶点分别为A ，B ，过右焦点F的直线l 与椭圆C 交于P ，Q 两点(点P 在x 轴上方)．（1）若2QF FP =，求直线l 的方程；（2）设直线AP ，BQ 的斜率分别为1k ，2k ．是否存在常数λ，使得12k k λ=？若存在，求出λ的值；若不存在，请说明理由．18.某景区修建一栋复古建筑，其窗户设计如图所示.圆的圆心与矩形对角线的交点重合，且圆与矩形上下两边相切（为上切点），与左右两边相交（，为其中两个交点），图中阴影部分为不透光区域，其余部分为透光区域.已知圆的半径为1，且，设，透光区域的面积为.（1）求关于的函数关系式，并求出定义域；（2）根据设计要求，透光区域与矩形窗面的面积比值越大越好.当该比值最大时，求边的长度.19.已知函数()()22ln f x x x ax a R =-+∈.（1）当2a =时，求()f x 的图象在 1x =处的切线方程；（2）若函数()()g x f x ax m =-+在1,e e ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上有两个零点，求实数m 的取值范围；（3）若对区间()1,2内任意两个不等的实数1x ，2x ，不等式()()12122f x f x x x -<-恒成立，求实数a 的取值范围.20.已知数列{}n a 前n 项和为n S ，且满足22n n S a =-；数列{}n b 的前n 项和为nT ，且满足11b =，22b =，12n nn n T bT b ++=.（1）求数列{}n a 、{}n b 通项公式；（2）是否存在正整数n ，使得11n n n n a b a b +++-恰为数列{}n b 中的一项？若存在，求所有满足要求的n b ；若不存在，说明理由.河北省衡水中学2020-2021高考数学模拟试卷（参考答案）考试时间120分钟 总分160分一、填空题：1.【答案】{}1,1-．详解】2{|,3}B x x R x =∈<＝{x|x 又{}1,1,2,3,A =-则A ∩B ＝{＝1＝1}＝【点睛】本题主要考查集合的基本运算，求出集合的等价条件以及利用集合交集的定义是解决本题的关键． 2.【答案】2【详解】因为复数()()12a i i ++是纯虚数，化简，()()()12221a i i a a i ++=-++，则20210a a -=⎧⎨+≠⎩，则实数2a = 【点睛】本题考查复数的概念，属于简单题 3.【答案】5【详解】由伪代码可得22,5log ,5x x y x x ⎧≤=⎨>⎩，当32x =时，2log 325y ==．【点睛】本题主要考查条件语句及分段函数，属于基础题． 4.【答案】16【详解】由题得“抗”、“疫”、“情”这三个字的排列有：抗疫情，抗情疫，疫抗情，疫情抗，情抗疫，情疫抗，共有6种，其中，组成“抗疫情”的只有1种. 故能组成“抗疫情”的概率是16P =.【点睛】本题主要考查古典概型的概率的计算，意在考查学生对这些知识的理解掌握水平，属于基础题. 5.【答案】y =【【详解】双曲线的方程是()222210,0x y a b a b-=>>，∴双曲线渐近线为b y x a =±，又离心率为2c e a==，可得2c a =，224c a ∴=，即2224a b a +=，可得b =，由此可得双曲线渐近线为y =，故答案为y =. 6.【答案】265【详解】平均值为3698465++++=， 所以方差为()()()()()22222136669686465⎡⎤-+-+-+-+-⎣⎦99442655+++==. 【点睛】本小题主要考查样本方差的运算，考查运算求解能力，属于基础题. 7.【答案】19【详解】设等差数列{}n a 的公差为d ，可得出0d ≠，由题意得25214253a a a S a ⎧=⎨=⎩，即()()()()211121141351020a d a d a d a d a d d ⎧+=++⎪⎪+=+⎨⎪≠⎪⎩，解得112a d =⎧⎨=⎩， 因此，101919219a a d =+=+⨯=.【点睛】本题考查等差数列基本量的计算，解答的关键就是得出关于首项和公差的方程组，考查计算能力， 属于中等题. 8.【答案】【详解】半径为1的小铁球的体积为43π，底面周长为2π，高为4的铁制圆柱的底面半径为1，体积为4π，锻造成的大铁球的体积为341644333R ππππ+==，可得R =，所以该大铁球的表面积为2244R ππ==，故答案为：.【点睛】本题主要考查球的体积与表面积公式，考查了柱体的体积公式，属于基础题. 9.【答案】π7π(,)1212【详解】函数()()π2sin 2(0)2f x x ϕϕ=+<<的图象过点(＝则2sin ϕ=，sin ϕ=，0,23ππϕϕ<<∴=，()2sin(2)3f x x π∴=+.0x π≤≤,022x π∴≤≤,72333x πππ≤+≤,有于sin y x =在3[,]22ππ为减函数，所以32232x πππ≤+≤，解得71212x ππ≤≤. 【点睛】根据函数图象过已知点，求出sin ϕ ，借助ϕ的范围求出ϕ的值.求三角函数在某一区间上的最值及单调区间时，务必要注意“范围优先原则”，根据x 的范围研究x ωϕ+的范围，有时还要关注A 的符号，因此当自变量有范围限制时，解题更要小心失误. 10.【详解】令2x y k +=＝则2y k x =-＝()22210x x k x ∴+--=＝即23210x kx -+-=＝24120k ∴∆=-≥＝且0k >＝k ∴≥，即2x y +＝点睛：基本不等式的考察的一个主要考察方法就是判别式法，可以应用判别式法的题型基本特点：（1）题干条件是二次式；（2）问题是一次式（或可以化简为一次式）．熟悉判别式法的应用，可以提升考试中碰到不等式题型的准确率． 11.【答案】4-【详解】如图，由已知可得1,3,,60AF AF FB FB ===所以()()C AB A D FB E F CE D ⋅=+⋅+()133F F B AF A B F ⎛⎫=+⋅-+ ⎪⎝⎭2218333FB FB AF AF =-+-⋅18139134332=-+⨯-⨯⨯⨯=-故答案为：4-.【点睛】向量数量积的运算主要掌握两点：一是数量积的基本公式cos a b a b θ⋅=；二是向量的平方等于向量模的平方22a a =. 12.【答案】(1,5] 【详解】利用一元二次方程根的分布去解决，设2()2(2)f x x a x a =--+ ＝ 当24(2)40a a ∆=--<时，即14a << 时，()0f x > 对x ∈R 恒成立； 当1a =时，(1)0f -= ，不合题意； 当4a =时，(2)0f = 符合题意；当∆<0 时，0125(1)0(5)0a f f ∆<<-<≥≥⎧⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎩ 即：45a <≤综上所述：实数a 的取值范围是(1,5].【点睛】有关一元二次方程的根的分布问题，要结合一元二次方程和二次函数的图象去作，要求函数值在某区间为正，需要分别对判别式大于零、等于零和小于零进行分类研究，注意控制判别式、对称轴及特殊点的函数值的大小，列不等式组解题.13.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，圆()()22:23C x y m ++-=，若圆C上存在以G 为中点的弦AB ，且2AB GO =，则实数m 的取值范围为_________． 【答案】[由于圆C 存在以G 为中点的弦AB ，且2AB GO =，所以OA OB ⊥,如图，过点O 作圆C 的两条切线，切点分别为B D 、，圆上要存在满足题意的点A ，只需090BOD ∠≥，即045COB ∠≥，连接CB ，CB OB⊥，由于(2,)C m -，CO =CB =，sin sin 45CB COB CO∠==≥=，解得m ≤≤14.【答案】12+ 【详解】在ABC ∆中，120C =，由余弦定理得222c a b ab =++，① 因为tan 3tan A B =，即sin sin 3cos cos A BA B =⋅，所以sin cos 3sin cos A B B A =，由正弦定理得cos 3cos a B b A =，所以222222322a c b b c a a b ac bc+-+-⋅=⋅，整理得22222c a b =-，②由①②可得2230a ab b --=，所以230a bb a⎛⎫--= ⎪⎝⎭，解得a b =，所以sin sin A B =，又sin sin A B λ=，所以sin sin =A λB =．故答案为：12二、解答题：（本大题共6小题，共90分.解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤.）15.试题解析：（1）在ABC 中，4cos 5A =，()0,πA ∈，所以3sin 5A ===．…………………………2分 同理可得，12sin 13ACB ∠=． ……………………………………… 4分 所以()()cos cos πcos B A ACB A ACB ⎡⎤=-+∠=-+∠⎣⎦sin sin cos cos A ACB A ACB =∠-∠312451651351365=⨯-⨯=． ……………………………………………7分（2）在ABC 中，由正弦定理得，1312sin 203sin 135BC AB ACB A=∠=⨯=． …………9分 又3AD DB =，所以154BD AB ==． ……………………………………………………11分 在BCD中，由余弦定理得，CD ===．………………………………………………………14分【点睛】凑角求值是高考常见题型，凑角求知要“先备料”后代入求值，第二步利用正弦定理和余弦定理解三角形问题，要灵活使用正、余弦定理，有时还要用到面积公式，注意边角互化.16.详解：（1）证明:∵在四棱锥P ABCD -中，PC ⊥平面ABCD ，CD ⊂平面ABCD ， (3)分∴CD PC ⊥，∵CD AC ⊥，PCAC C =，∴CD ⊥平面PAC .………………………………6分（2）∵//AB CD ，过CD 的平面分别与,PA PB 交于点,E F ，故平面CDEF 平面PAB EF =…………………9分 又CD ⊄平面PAB ，AB 平面PAB ，………………………………………………………… 11分∴//CD 平面PAB ，而CD ⊂平面CDEF ， ∴//CD EF ∴//AB EF ……………………………………………………………………………………………14分点睛： （1）线面垂直的判定可由线线垂直得到，注意线线是相交的，也可由面面垂直得到，注意线在面内且线垂直于两个平面的交线.（2）线线平行的判定可以由线面平行得到，注意其中一条线是过另一条线的平面与已知平面的交线，也可以由面面平行得到，注意两条线是第三个平面与已知的两个平行平面的交线.17.试题解析：（1）因为24a =，23b =，所以1c ==，所以F 的坐标为()1,0……2分设()11,P x y ，()22,Q x y ，直线l 的方程为1x my =+， 代入椭圆方程，得()2243690m ymy ++-=，…………………………………………………5分则12343m y m -+=+，22343m y m--=+．若2QF PF =，则2233204343m m m m---++⨯=++，………………………………6分解得m =l 的方程为20y -=． (8)分（2）由（1）知，122643m y y m -+=+，122943y y m -=+，…………………………………10分所以()1212293432mmy y y y m -==++， 所以()()12112212211223y my k y x k x y y my --=⋅=++ ………………………………………………………12分()()1211223123332y y y y y y +-==++， 故存在常数13λ=，使得1213k k =．……………………………………………………………14分【点睛】求直线方程首先要设出方程，根据题目所提供的坐标关系，求出直线方程中的待定系数，得出直线方程；第二步存在性问题解题思路是首先假设λ存在，利用所求的12y y +，12y y ，结合已知条件12k k λ=，得出坐标关系，再把12y y +，12y y 代入求出λ符合题意，则λ存在，否则不存在.18.试题分析： 解:(1) 过点作于点，则，所以，……………………………………………………………………2分．所以…………………………………………………………………………4分，…………………………………………………………………………………6分因为，所以，所以定义域为．…………………………………………7分（2）矩形窗面的面积为．……………………………………9分则透光区域与矩形窗面的面积比值为．设，．………………………………………………………………11分则，……………………………………………………………………………………13分因为，所以，所以，故，所以函数在上单调减．所以当时，有最大值，此时………………………………16分答：（1）关于的函数关系式为，定义域为；（2）透光区域与矩形窗面的面积比值最大时，的长度为1．19.【详解】（1）当时，，，切点坐标为………1分切线的斜率，则切线方程为，即.…………………… …………3分（2），则，…………………………………4分，故时，.当时，； 当时，. 故在处取得极大值.……………………………………………………………6分又，，，则， 在上的最小值是.……………………………… ……………………………………8分在上有两个零点的条件是2a =()22ln 2f x x x x =-+()222f x x x'=-+()1,1()12k f ==()121y x -=-21y x =-()22ln g x x x m =-+()()()21122x x g x x x x-+-'=-=1,x e e ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦()0g x '=1x =11x e <<()0g x '>1x e <<()0g x '<()g x 1x =()11g m =-2112g m e e ⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭()22g e m e =+-()2221140g e g e e e ⎛⎫-=-+<⎪⎝⎭()1g e g e ⎛⎫< ⎪⎝⎭()g x 1,e e ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦()g e ()110g m =->()g x 1,e e ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦()21101120g m g m e e ⎧=->⎪⎨⎛⎫=--≤ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩解得 实数m 的取值范围是…………………………………………………………………………10分（3）不妨设，恒成立等价于，即.………………………………………………………………………………12分令，由，具有任意性知，区间内单调递减，恒成立，即恒成立，，在上恒成立. 令，则……………………………………………………………14分 在上单调递增，则，实数a 的取值范围是 (16)分【点睛】本题主要考查导数的几何意义和函数的极值和最值、以及考查函数的恒成立问题和转化思想，属于难题20.【详解】解：（1）因为，所以当时，， 两式相减得，即，又，则，………………………………2分所以数列是以为首项，2为公比的等比数列，故 (3)分2112m e <≤+211,2e ⎛⎤+ ⎥⎝⎦1212x x <<<()()12122f x f x x x -<-()()()21212f x f x x x -<-()211222f x x f x x ->-（）()()2u x f x x =-1x 2x ()u x ()1,2()()20u x f x '=-<()2f x <222x a x -+<222a x x<-+()1,2()222h x x x=-+()2220h x x'=+>()222h x x x=-+()1,2()()12h x h >=(],2-∞22n n S a =-2n ≥1122n n S a --=-122n n n a a a -=-12n n a a -=1122S a =-12a ={}n a 12a =2n n a =由得，，，…，，以上个式子相乘得，即①，当时，②，………………5分两式相减得，即（），所以数列的奇数项、偶数项分别成等差数列， ,,因此数列的通项公式为.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………6分 （2）当时，无意义，………………………………………………………………………7分设（，），显然.则，即………………………9分…………………………………………………………………………………………………11分显然，所以，所以存在，使得，，……………………………………………………………………………………………………13分下面证明不存在，否则，即， 此式右边为3的倍数，而不可能是3的倍数，故该式不成立. 综上，满足要求的为，.……………………………………………………………………………16分12n nn n T b T b ++=1123T b T b=2234T b T b=3345T b T b=111n n n n T b T b --+=n 1121n n n T b b T b b +=12n n n T b b +=2n ≥112n n n T b b --=()112n n n n b b b b +-=-112n n b b +--=2n ≥{}n b 2121k b k -=-22k b k ={}n b n b n =1n =11n n n n a b a b +++-()112121n n n n n n n a b n c a b n +++++==--+2n ≥*N n ∈1n c >()()11122212221n n n n n n n n c c n n +++++++-=--+-+()()11202221n n nn n n ++-⋅=<⎡⎤⎡⎤-+-+⎣⎦⎣⎦11n n c c +>>()2121n nn n ++>-+234731c c c =>=>>>2n =72b c =33b c =2n c =()21221n n nn c n ++==-+()231n n =+2n n b 3b 7b点睛：给出与的递推关系求，常用思路是：一是利用转化为的递推关系，再求其通项公式；二是转化为的递推关系，先求出与之间的关系，再求. 应用关系式时，一定要注意分两种情况，在求出结果后，看看这两种情况能否整合在一起.n S n a n a 1,2n n n a S S n -=-≥n a n S n S n n a 11,1,2n n n S n a S S n -=⎧=⎨-≥⎩1,2n n =≥。
2021届河北衡水中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案
2021届河北衡水中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOne day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem inability to read.In the library,I found my way into the "Children's Room." I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle. Without opening the book—Amos, the Beagle with a Plan ,1 borrowed it from the library for the summer.Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.My mother's call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book.I never told my mother about my “miraculous” experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later ,she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.1. The author's mother told him to borrow a book in order to ________.A. let him spend a meaningful summerB. encourage him to do more walkingC. help cure him of his reading problemD. make him learn more about weapons2. The book caught the author's eye because .A. it reminded him of his own dogB. he found its title easy to understandC. it contained pretty pictures of animalsD. he liked children's stories very much3. Which one could be the best title of the passage?A. Mum's Strict Order.B. My Passion forReading.C. Reunion with My Beagle.D. The Charm of a Book.BThe far side of the moonis a strange and wild region, quite different from the familiar and mostly smooth face we see nightly from our planet. Soon this rough space will have even stranger features: it will be crowded with radio telescopes.Astronomers are planning to make the moon's distant side our newest and best window on the cosmic(宇宙的) dark ages, a mysterious era hiding early marks of stars and galaxies. Our universe was not always filled with stars. About 380,000 years after the big bang, the universe cooled, and the first atoms of hydrogen formed. Gigantic hydrogen clouds soon filled the universe. But for a few hundred million years, everything remained dark, without stars. Then came the cosmic dawn: the first stars flickered, galaxies came into existence and slowly the universe's largescale structure took shape.The seeds of this structure must have been present in the darkage hydrogen clouds, but the era has been impossible toprobeusing optical(光学的) telescopes—there was no light. And although this hydrogen produced longwavelength(or lowfrequency) radio emissions,radio telescopes on Earth have found it nearly impossible to detect them. Our atmosphere either blocks or disturbs these faint signals; those that get through are drowned out by humanity's radio noise.Scientists have dreamed for decades of studying the cosmic dark ages from the moon's far side. Now multiple space agencies plan lunar missions carrying radiowavedetecting instruments—some within the next three years—and astronomers' dreams are set to become reality.“If I were to design an ideal place to do lowfrequency radio astronomy, I would have to build the moon,”says astrophysicist Jack Burns of the University of Colorado Boulder. “We are just now finally getting to the place where we're actually going to be putting these telescopes down on the moon in the next few years.”4. What's the purpose of building radio telescopes on the moon?A To research the big bang. B. To discover unknown stars.C. To study the cosmic dark ages.D. To observe the far side of the moon.5. What does the underlined word “probe” in Paragraph 3 possibly mean?A. Explore.B. Evaluate.C. Produce.D. Predict.6. Hydrogen radio emissions can't be detected on Earth because ________．A. there was no light in the dark agesB. they cannot possibly get through our atmosphereC. gigantic hydrogen clouds no longer fill the universeD. radio signals on Earth cause too much interference7. What can we infer from theunderlined sentence in the last paragraph?A. Scientists have to rebuild the moon.B. We will finally get to the moon's distant side.C. The moon is a perfect place to set up radio telescopes.D. A favorable research environment will be found on the moon.CAbout a billion birds die from flying into buildings each year inNorth America. Suspicions havebeen that birds may regard the open areas behind glass as safe passageways. Or they may mistake the reflected trees for the real thing.Researchers would like to reduce collisions, which requires a solid understanding about what makes a bird more or less likely to die by crashing into a building in the first place.“There was ly little known at a broad scale. Previous studies were at one small study site.'' Jared Elmore, a graduate student in natural resource ecology and management atOklahomaStateUniversity. So he and his colleagues used a previously created data set of building collisions for birds at 40 sites throughoutMexico,Canadaand theU.S.The first finding was obvious: bigger buildings with more glass kill more birds. But the details were more remarkable. "We found that life history predicted collisions. Migrants(候鸟), insect-eaters and woodland-inhabiting species collided more than their counterparts(同类).”Most migratory species travel at night, when lights near buildings can distract or disorient(使迷失方向)them. And Elmore thinks that insect-eating birds might be attracted to buildings because their insect prey(猎物)is attracted to the lights. He suspects that woodland species get tooled by the reflections of trees and bushes in the windows. The results are in the journal Conservation Biology.By understanding which birds are more likely to collide with buildings, researchers can perhaps determine the best way to adapt buildings, or their lighting, to help prevent such accidents. And by knowing risks, along with migration timing and behavior, building managers can better predict when birds are at their greatest danger - and improve lighting strategics accordingly.Elmore's next project will use radar to help predict bird migrations. " I think that would maybe go a long way in terms of providing information to people, to the public, to building managers, on when they can get the most benefit in terms of lights-out policies."8. What is the possible reason for birds' crashing into buildings?A. They didn't see the buildings.B. They took reflections for reality.C. They assumed the windows to be open.D. They considered buildings as safe routes.9. What is Jared Elmore's study different from the previous ones?A. It created a new data set.B. It went beyond national borders.C. It covered a wider range of sites.D. I’ll studied some specific bird species.10. What was the most noticeable finding of Jared Elmore's study?A. Migratory species travel at night.B. Birds tend to be misled by glasses.C. Bigger buildings cause more collisions.D. Birds living habits give rise to collisions.11. Which of the following can help reduce bird collision?A. Adjust the lightening system.B. Attach radars to each building.C. Adopt strict lights-out policies.D. Ban using glasses on buildings.DMy mother is a teacher. I often asked her, “ Why do you teach? What keeps you teaching?” The answer was always the same. “There is always that one child, that one moment that is worth it.”Now, I am a teacher, too. But different from my mother, I teach students challenging activities outdoors. And when my mother asked me the similar questions, my answer was, “It’s that one child, that one special moment.”One of those moments happened recently. I was working with a group of girls in a four-week programme. Everything went on well through the “Team” events and we were moving on to a“High” one called the Wire Walk.In the Wire Walk, each girl had to climb up the pegs in a tree to a wire, 8 meters high, and then walk across it. Of course, everything was safe for sure.When it was Susie's turn, it seemed that she didn't really want to. I asked Susie if she was ready. She answered softly, “I suppose.”Now, Susie was at the foot of the tree. She started to make the long reach. Then I found Susie was becoming nervous with every step. I realized she would not go much further.Susie was halfway up. Then she stopped and held the tree tight, looking very afraid. Her eyes were closed. With her face against the tree, she cried, “I can't.”The other girls sat in silence. I talked quietly to Susie, trying to relax her. I talked for a long time till I ran out of words.“I will still be your friend no matter what, Susie!” Mary broke the silence.To my surprise, Susie lifted her head and looked up to the wire. Then she turned to look down at Mary and smiled. Mary smiled back.Finally, Susie made it all the way across that wire. When she returned to the ground, the first hug she looked for was from Mary. We all cheered. Moments like this keep me doing what I do.12. Why did Susie stop halfway up to the wire?A. It was too high for her to reach.B. She was too afraid to move on.C. Something was wrong with it.D. The teacher asked her to do it.13. Why did Mary break the silence?A. To try again herself.B. To relax the writer.C. To encourage Susie.D. To draw Susie's attention.14. What can we learn from the story of Susie?A. Helping others is helping ourselves.B. A word of encouragement matters a lot.C. Outdoor activities bring peoplecloser than ever.D. A good method plays an important role in teaching.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. The Wire WalkB. That One MomentC. Fear and CourageD. The Young Hearts第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年河北衡水中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及答案解析
2020-2021学年河北衡水中学高三英语下学期期末考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated inLos Angeles,UniversityofSouthern Californiais in the heart of a leading city. Although LA ranks highly in The Economist’s Safe Cities Index, navigating and city calls for certain safety precautions (预防措施) along with practicing common sense.♦Mobile Safety App Powered by LiveSafeThe Mobile Safety App powered by LiveSafe, manage by the USC Department of Public Safety and the USC Department of Emergency Planning, is a free downloadable app that mobile users can use to initiate contact with emergency responders around the campus. Features include: immediate “push button” calls to DPS, easy reporting for suspicious activity or crimes in progress, and location services to notify friends of your route through campus.♦Blue Light Phone LocationsTheUniversity Parkhas multiple blue light phones that are strategically placed throughout campus. Take note of where the closest ones are on your route. They come in handy in case you lose your phone or in an emergency. These phones are directly connected to USC’s Department of Public Safety’s 24-hour communications center. Besides emergency needs, it can also be used to report suspicious activity, request for an escort (护送) if you feel unsafe and to report a crime.♦Trojans AlertTrojans Alert is an emergency notification system that allows university officials to contact you during an emergency by sending messages via text message or email. When an emergency occurs, authorized USC senders will instantly notify you with real-time updates, instructions on where to go, what to do (or what not to do), whom to contact and other important information. All members of the USC community, as well as parents and regular visitors to campus, are strongly encouraged to sign up for Trojans Alert.1. What do blue light phones do for students?A. Guide students through campus.B. Alert students to crime activities.C. Light up the way if students feel unsafe.D. Connect them with the safety department.2. How does USC send out instructions during an emergency?A. With blue light phones.B. Via text message or email.C. Through mobile safe app.D. By calling all USC members.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To encourage students to fight crime.B. To introduce USC’s safety department.C. To provide safety services for USC students.D. To inform parents of safety risks on campus.BIt was New Year time, but I wasn’tlooking forward to it. That winter, my mother and my stepfather moved our family toSouthern California. My brother and I were leaving our ruralAlabamabehind. This would be our first New Year away fromAlabama. My mother took toCalifornialike a swan to a royal lake. My athletic little brother, Paul, was keyed up at a climate that allowed him to go to the beach whenever he wanted.I, however, was a fat child with heavy southern pronunciation. My first day in the new class, I introduced myself in a low voice. The moment I opened my mouth to speak, the whole class burst into laughter, “He talks funny.” It was so frustrating that I went to place a call to Granny Smith after school, who was my biggest support, But I didn’t get through.On Sunday evening, the phone rang. It was Granny. She often took advantage of the discounted long-distance rates on Sundays. She said she’d shipped a New Year package. Sure enough, it arrived. Surprised at the box, large enough to hold a small refrigerator, we eagerly tore it open. The smell of Granny’s house filled the room: a combination of fried meat, sausages, furniture polish and decorations. Her house was tiny and always filled withtackyholiday decorations and homemade food before New Year. But in my childhood eyes, it was precious and fantastic.There were countless tins and containers. We open hem to discover piles of holiday treats. She even included our traditional candy bats. The box was as bottomless as a magical box. There, beneath all these, was familiar holiday.Every New Year that we spent inCalifornia, the postal service would call and say our package was arrived. Over the years, many treasures arrived in the box. For me, it’s always been the best part of the holiday.4. How did the author’s brother feel when they were moving toCalifornia?A. Indifferent.B. Joyful.C. Appreciative.D. Disappointed.5. Why did the author’s classmates laugh at him?A. He spoke in a low voice.B. He made a humorous talk.C. He looked overweight.D. He had a strong accent.6. What does the underlined word “tacky” probably mean?A. Suitable.B. Expensive.C. Cheap.D. Attractive.7. Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A. Granny’s Care PackageB. An UnforgettableHolidayC. Our Move toCaliforniaD. A Telephone Call from GrannyCAs summer approaches, many kids and teenagers may find that they have more time in hand. One great way to make use of the extra time is to go on an adventure and travel. Clearly, I am not a naturally adventurous person, but I have found that takingthe risk and challenging myself to explore and travel to unfamiliar places can be a very rewarding experience.Because I am usually quite busy during the school year, most of my travels take place during the summer. Over the past few summers, I have hiked in the Grand Canyon, explored Niagara Falls, and camped out in upstate New York. Although these experiences are varied, they are similar in that they instill (灌输) a sense of appreciation for nature and a more balanced view on life. When I hiked in the Grand Canyon, for example, I was in awe(敬畏) of the geological influences that shaped the canyon.Adventures, of course, are not limited to hiking. There are many other choices, such as camping, volunteering in a foreign environment and travelling to different countries. In my opinion, adventures are more enjoyable with family or a few friends. There is a sense of bonding that one only gets through spending time together in outdoor adventures. For example, when I was in Boy Scouts, I often went on weekend camping trips with my friends. When I came back from a Boy Scouts camping trip, I often was eager to go outside more and explore the parks and nature around me.Next fall, I will attend college. In the meantime though, I hope to make the most of my summer to explore and travel. Now, I am planning on hiking and camping out in Maine.When I visited Maine last fall, I was amazed by how beautiful it was and the tall trees and coasts that exist, and I really hope to enjoy the beauty of nature there this summer.8. We can learn from the first paragraph about the author?A. He is an adventurous person by natureB. He likes challenging himself by travellingC. He enjoys travelling with other adventurersD He needs others’ help when going on an adventure9. Which of the following can make people’s adventure more enjoyable according to the author？A. Going to different countries.B. Going to unfamiliar places.C. Travelling withtheir family or friends.D. Travelling to distant places by themselves.10. What will the author do this summer？A. Explore Niagara Falls.B. Hike in the Grand Canyons.C. Camp out in upstate New York.D. Hike and camp out in Maine.11. Who is probably the author?A. A high school student.B. A college student.C. A friendly guide.D. A warm-hearted teacher.DWhen I was trying to find a place where to spend my December holidays, I met by chance some cheap flights to Iceland. After checking just a few winter pictures of Iceland, I realized that the country, known as the land of fire and ice, during the cold months of the year could offer me experiences I had never had before.For sure you can’t miss the chance to go to Iceland in winter if your traveling wish list includes at least one of the crazy experiences Iceland can offer. Iceland in the North Atlantic Ocean is a paradise (乐园) for all those who want to see the northern lights, experience cold weather conditions and put themselves in geothermal (地热的) baths while the snow is falling on their head.The best way to move around Iceland is with a rental car. Distances are huge and public transport in winter is not really common out of the major towns. As we wanted to be even more convenient we decided to rent a small camper (野营车). Sleeping and cooking in a camper saved us a lot of driving, money and gave us the chance tobe always in the right place at the right time.There were also no locals and in many cases no tourist facilities (设备). For us, as we slept in a camper, it was easier. But for tourists traveling by normal cars it is necessary to check the opening times ofhotels and restaurantsas many of them run just from June to September.It is amazing to experience how the weather is changing in Iceland. However, Icelanders prefer to stay inside their houses. They have even no time to complain about the weather in December. All they care about is Christmas. They love to decorate their houses, sing Christmas songs and eat typical Christmas food.12. Why is Iceland famous as the land of fire and ice?A. Because tourists would like to play with fire on the ice.B. Because it is too dry to easily cause fire to happen.C. Because it is hot inside a house and cold outside.D. Because there exist hot springs and freezing ice.13. What did the author think of the rented camper?A. It was not only practical but also economical.B. It was convenient but cost them more money.C. It provided the best chance to see the new country.D. It was much faster than other public transport.14. What does the last paragraph imply?A. The Icelanders prefer to live with their family.B. The joy of Christmas drives the freezing weather away.C. December is the coldest month of the year.D. The Icelanders are always positive and stay outside.15. What does this passage most probably come from?A. A textbookB. A scientific reportC. A travel magazineD. A news report第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
河北省衡水中学2020┄2021届高三上学期五调考试英语试题含解析
本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共150分，考试时间120分钟。
第I卷（选择题共90分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What does the man dislike about the play？A．The story． B．The ending． C．The actor．2．Which place are the speakers trying to find？A．A hotel． B．A hank． C．A restaurant．3．At what time will the two speakers meet？A．5：20． B．5：10． C．4：40．4．What will the man do？A．Change the plan．B．Wait for a phone call．C．Sort things out．5．What does the woman want to do？A．See a film with the man．B．Offer the man some help．C．Listen to some great music．第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where is Ben？A．In the kitchen． B．At schoo1． C．In the park．7．What will the children do in the afternoon？A．Help set the table． B．Have a party． C．Do their homework．听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
2020-2021学年河北衡水中学高三英语月考试题及答案解析
2020-2021学年河北衡水中学高三英语月考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMy mother and her best friend Martha were in their mid-80s when they saw each other for the last time.They had been friends since they were 18, both of them students atWesleyanCollegeinMacon,Georgia. My mother was the dreamy one, who loved to read and dream herself as an actress. Martha, however, was more practical. I’m not sure what they had in common except that they trusted each other, helped each other, and stayed in touch even when life separated them.Martha spent most of her adulthood inAtlanta, where she raised three kids. My mother, meanwhile, raised eight children, and moved many times during her financially and emotionally troubled marriage, which included several months living with her family inseedymotels.I sensed my mother hid her troubles from most people, but not from Martha, and I knew from my mother that Martha carried her own sorrows. Their willingness to share sorrow without judgment was part of what bond them.The best friendships can also withstand (抵挡) periods without communication. They didn’t communicate a lot — this was before the ease of emails and texts and yet I knew they were always in each other’s minds.One day in 2008, 1 drove my mother to Martha’s house for their final visit. The moment my mother hobbled (蹒跚) into Martha’s house, they threw their arms around each other and went to sit out in the garden, laughing until they were dizzy. I snapped a photo, and spotted something joyous, young and free on my mom, which existed only in the presence of her best friend.Two years later, my mother died. Of all the people I had to tell, Martha was the hardest because I felt it erased her past. After that, we lost touch. But I still think of her and how that friendship strengthened my mother.1. What does the underlined word “seedy” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. largeB. dirtyC. urbanD. bright2. The author’s mother and Martha had a lasting friendship partly because they________.A. were willing to shareB. were constantly in touchC. had much in commonD. had a likeness in personality3. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A. To tell the importance of friendship.B. To express his gratitude to his mother.C. To share his standard of choosing a friend.D. To praise the friendship between Martha and his mother.BScott and Daniel Harry are enjoying everyday tasks like shopping and washing for the first time following their move to an accommodation (住宿) support house in Kurwongbah, north of Brisbane last year.Disability Services Queensland’s Strengthening Non-Government Organisations project provided an accommodation support model that would enable residents (居住者) like Daniel and Scott to live more independently.The house is just one of many accommodation support services funded (资助)through the project. The five-bedroom house provides 24-hour care for up to four individuals with complex needs, including medical support. Care and staffing levels are varied and flexible, depending on each resident’s requirements.Scott and Daniel, who have a severe form of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, require 24-hour support in all activities of daily living. Before they moved to the house, they lived with their family. Scott says living at home was difficult as it placed a physical and emotional strain(负担) on their parents who had to wake them several times each night to reposition them or place them on breathing machines.“We were heavyhearted,” says Scott, who is planning to write a book about his life experiences. “But our parents now have a lot moretime for themselves. We now manage ourselves on a day-to-day basis.”Daniel is an enthusiastic gardener, taking care of his own vegetable garden. The men share the house with one other young man, and they go to rugby league games, meeting up with friends.Leeding Care Australia provides the care service at Kurwongbah. Manager Lee Garniss says setting up the facilities (设施) has not been without its challenges.“It is an unconventional model of care,” Lee says. “The home is Scott and Daniel’s home, however it is also a workplace for their support staff. Balancing these two requirements has been a challenge for all.”“We have experienced a bit of a learning phase over the last twelve months. However, by working as a team we try our best to meet the needs of both residents and staff and I think we have achieved the right balance.”4. What do we know about the house Scott and Daniel live in now?A. It was built by their parents.B. It can accommodate four residents.C. It belongs to a governmental project.D. It’s located in the center of Brisbane.5. Why did Scott and Daniel’s parents wake up frequently at night?A. To help them do exercise.B. They were making a lot of noise.C. To check on their breathing.D. They were under emotional pressure.6. How did Scott feel while living with his parents?A. A bit guilty.B. Quite happy.C. Very proud.D. Slightly angry.7. What was a challenge while setting up the facilities?A. Lack of fund.B. No workplace.C. Inexperienced staff members.D. Satisfying both staff and residents’ needs.CEven plant can run a fever，especially when they're under attack by insects or disease．But unlike human，plants can have their temperature taken from 3，000 feet away straight up．A decade ago，adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites，physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick wayto take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress．The goal was to let farmers precisely（精确的）target pesticide（杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field，which always includes plants that don't have pest problems．Evenbetter，Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye．Fixed on a plane flown at 3，000 feet at night，an infrared scanner measured the heat sent out by crops．The data were transformed into a color﹣coded map showing where plants were running "fevers"．Farmers could then spot﹣spray，using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide that they otherwise would．The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984，after only three years．Farmers resisted thenew technology and long﹣term supporters were hard to find．But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce and refinements（改进）in infrared scanning，Paley hopes to get back into operation．Agriculture experts have no doubt that the technology works．"This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，" says George Oerther of Texas A& M，who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture，thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade．But only if Paley finds the financial support which he failed to obtain 10years ago．8. Plants will give out an increased amount of heat when they are ．A. facing an infrared scannerB. sprayed with pesticidesC. exposed to extreme sun raysD. inpoor physical condition9. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely，we can use infrared scanning to ．A draw a color1﹣coded mapB evaluate the damage to the cropsC. locate the problem areaD. measure the size of the affected area10. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties of ．A. the lack of official supportB. its high costC. the lack of financial supportD. its failure to help increase production11. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ．A. full support from agricultural expertsB. the forceful promotion by the Department of AgricultureC. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produceD. growing concern about the over use of pesticides on cropsDAddiction to smartphones will result in poor sleep, according to a new study.The study, published Tuesday in Frontiers in Psychiatry, looked at smartphone use among 1,043 students between the ages of 18 and 30at King's College London. Researchers asked the students to complete two questionnaires on their sleep quality and smartphone use, in person and online.Using a 10-question scale that was developed to judge smartphone addiction in children, nearly 40% of the university students qualified as "addicted" to smartphones, the study found. “Our findings are in agreement with other reported studies in young adult populations globally, which are in the range of 30-45%,” lead author Sei Yon Sohn and her co-authors wrote in the study. "Later time of use was also significantly connected with smartphone addiction, with use after 1 a.m. increasing a 3- times risk," the authors wrote.Students who reported high use of smartphones also reported poor sleep quality, the study found. That foilsin line with previous studies that have found overuse of smartphones at night to be associated with trouble falling asleep, reduced sleep duration (睡眠持续时间)and daytime tiredness. That's likely because use of smartphones close to bedtime has been shown to delay the body's normal sleep - and - wake clock.In fact, the No. 1 rule is "no computers, cell phones, and ipads in bed and at least one hour beforebed Dr. Vsevolod Polotsky, who directs sleep basic research, said in a recent interview. That's because "any LED light source from electronics (电子设备)may further hold back melatonin (褪黑激素)levels," Polotsky said. Melatonin is often referred to as a "sleep hormone," because we sleep better during the night when levels reach the top.“This is a cross-sectional study, and it cannot lead to any firm conclusions about smartphone use as the cause of reduced sleep quality, said Bob Patton, a lecturer in clinical psychology at the University of Surrey, via email.12. How did Sei Yon Sohn's team begin their study?A. By publishing researching papers.B. By responding to others’ concern.C. By collecting firsthand data.D. By turning to related experts.13. What did the study find about sleep quality and smartphone use?A. 30-45% of the university students are addicted to smartphones.B. High use of smartphones is related to poor sleep quality.C. Overuse of smartphones leads to shorter sleep duration.D. Use after 1 a.m. will result in smartphone addiction.14. What is Polotsky's opinion on electronics ?A. We should stop using them an hour before going to sleep.B. LED light source from them will delay normal sleep- and- wake clock.C. Reduced sleep quality has nothingto do with them.D. No electronics should be used in bed at any time.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Say No to SmartphonesB. Sleep Quality Can Be ImprovedC. LED Light Source Causes Great HarmD. Smartphone Addiction Ruins Sleep第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
河北省衡水中学2020届高三上学期一轮复习周测英语试题(解析版)
河北省衡水中学2020届高三上学期一轮复习周测英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
AIt’s rare that you see the words “shyness” and “letter” in the same sentence.After all,the common viewpoint is that those outgoing and sociable guys make great public speakers and excellent networkers and that those shy people are not.A survey conducted by USA Today referred to 65 percent of executives who believed shyness to be a barrier to leadership.Interestingly,the same article stresses that roughly 40 percent of leaders actually are quite shy—they're just better at adapting themselves to situational demands.Bill Gates,Warren Buffet and Charles Schwab are just a few "innies".Unlike their outgoing counterparts who are more sensitive to rewards and risk-taking,shy people take a cautious approach to chance.Rather than the flashy chit-chat that defines social gathering,shy people listen attentively to what others say and absorb it before they speak.They're not thinking about what to say while the other person is still talking,but rather listening so they can learn what to say.Along the same lines,shy people share a common love of learning.They are intrinsically（内在地） motivated and therefore seek content regardless of achieving an outside standard.Being shy can also bring other benefits.Remember being in school and hearing the same kids contribute,until shy little Johnny,who almost never said a word,cut in?Then what happened? Everyone turned around to look with great respect at little Johnny actually talking.This is how shy people made good use of their power of presence: they "own" the moment by speaking calmly and purposefully,which translate to a positive image.Shyness is often related to modesty.Not to say that limelight-seekers aren't modest,but shy people tend to have an accurate sense of their abilities and achievements.As a result,they are able to acknowledge mistakes,imperfections, knowledge gaps and limitations.Since shy people have a lower sensitivity to outside rewards than outgoing ones,they're more comfortableworking with little information and sticking to their inner desires.Shy people are also more likely to insist on finding solutions that aren't primarily apparent.Don't believe me?Maybe you'll believe Albert Einstein,who once said,"It's not that I'm so smart,it's that I stay with problems longer."Obviously,finding certainty where uncertainty is typically popular is a huge plus for any successful person.The myth that shy people are less effective leaders than their outgoing fellows is just a misunderstanding.Make wise use of your personality strengths to lead your business no matter what side of the range you fall on.1. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that_______.A. shy people are sensitive to rewardsB. shy people care more about contentC. outgoing people are more careful about chancesD. outgoing people consider what to learn while listening2. The example of Johnny shows______.A. shy people are likely to be modestB. hardworking students speak little in publicC. some students keep silent on purpose at schoolD. shy people may have an advantage in discussion3. We can learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 that______.A. shyness results in successB. shyness contributes to popularityC. outside reward leads to insistenceD. uncertainty counts more than certainty4. The author supports his ideas mainly by______.A. giving definitions and presenting research resultsB. explaining problems and providing solutionsC. quoting authorities and making evaluationsD. making contrasts and gibing examples【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D【解析】试题分析：本文属于科普说明文，主要分析了生性害羞的人与外向的人相比有着一定的优势。