高考英语短文改错考点解析-介词
高考英语短文改错考点解析-介词一、考点规律分析短文改错对介词的考查主要涉及在及物动词后接宾语时误加介词和在不及物动词后接宾语时漏加介词、可直接用作状语的副词短语前误加介词、介词与其他词的常用搭配、常用介词的基本用法、习语中的介词用法等。
二、真题单句归纳（1）Bill insisted in staying near the car. （in 改为on，insist on 为固定搭配）（全国卷）（2）Suddenly we caught sight at a car and some men. （at 改为of，catch sight of是习语，意为“看见”）（全国卷）（3）When I have free time I go a long walk. （go 后加for，go for a walk 是习语）（全国卷）（4）When they came down the police were angry to them. （to 改为with，要表示对某人生气，英语习惯上用be angry with sb）（全国卷）（5）Most people can quickly get for help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill. （去掉for，因其前的get 是及物动词）（全国卷）（6）…and some books，for example，books for history，science，cooking and gardening are also popular. （books for 改为books on，此处的on 意为“关于”）（全国卷）（7）I never knew about a ride down a river could be so exciting. （去掉about 或将about 改为that，因动词knew 后可直接跟宾语从句，无需用介词）（全国卷）（8）It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station. （for 改为of，注意句型It‘s kind of sb to do sth）（全国卷）（9）In fact，they are planning to visit China in next year. （去掉in，在由next，this，last 等构成的时间短语中，一般可直接用作时间状语，无需加in，on，at 这样的介词）（全国卷）（10）We practise for three times every week. （去掉for，在表示频率的名词前通常不加介词）（全国卷）（11）We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. （instead 后加of，instead of 为复合介词，在此表示“而不是”）（全国卷）（12）Unfortunately，there are too many people among my family. （among 改为in，in my family 意为“在我家里”）（全国卷）（13）I was happy with any programme but the others spent a lot time arguing…（a lot 后加of，因 a lot 不能直接修饰名词）（全国卷）（14）Thanks very much on inviting me to your birthday party on Sunday. （on 改为for，thanks for doing sth 意为“因某事而感谢某人”）（北京春季卷）（15）So I‘m really sorry that I won’t be able to come in this time. （去掉in，因this time 可直接用作状语）（北京春季卷）（16）…but we d o not seem to get much time to talk about together. （去掉about，因about 后没有接宾语，about 属多余）（全国卷）（17）For instance，on one night he played strong and loud music till four o‘clock in the morning. （去掉on，因one night 可直接用作状语）（北京春季卷）（18）I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. （去掉at，the moment 在此用作连词，相当于as soon as）（全国卷）（19）His parents asked him to spend in more time preparing for the college entrance examination. （去掉in，spend 是及物动词，其后可直接跟名词作宾语）（安徽春季卷）（20）I feel sorry to him. （to 改为for，be / feel sorry for sb 意为“为某人感到难过”）（安徽春季卷）（21）Because so much viewing，children may not develop the habit of reading and the ability to enjoy themselves. （Because 后加of，因so much viewing 相当于名词）（北京春季卷）（22）On one year the average child will see 25，000 television commercials…（On 改为In，意为“在一年中”）（北京春季卷）（23）The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese… （去掉that 前的in，was 后是一个以that 引导的宾语从句，in 是多余的）（全国卷）（24）I‘m sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. So I feel unhappy every day. （to 改为at，laugh at 意为“嘲笑”）（全国卷）（25）You can find all kinds information in just a few minutes on the Internet. （kinds 后加of，a kind of 意为“一种……”，all kinds of…意为“各种各样的……”）（广西卷）（26）But I have spent lots my money，… （lots后加of，lots / a lot后不能接名词；后接名词时，要用lots of…，a lot of…）（四川卷）（27）…you will probably want to join in the Stamp Collectors‘ Club…（去掉in，表示“参加，加入”某个组织，join 后不要再加介词in；表示“参加”某项活动时，才加in）（浙江卷）（28）We have a lot on common and have a lot to talk about. （on 改为in，因为have sth in common 是固定搭配，意为“有共同的……”）（福建卷）三、模拟单句演练（1）We must serve for the people heart and soul.（2）I followed the man for a while，and saw him enter into the bank.（3）Soon the nurse married with my friend Jim.（4）I took a great many of photographs in the mountains.（5）In English class，we often talk each other in English.（6）Don‘t talk. What the man says is well worth listening.（7）The chair looks hard，but it is comfortable to sit.（8）She was very kind and insisted lending her car to us.（9）I asked to her what she would be doing on Saturday.（10）Are you glad to be going to back to school？（11）On his way to home，he met one of his old friends Jack.（12）Please close the door at next time you come in.（13）Thousands of people go to the seaside in every year.（14）We can finish the work either this week or in next week.（15）We walked down the stairs instead taking the elevator.（16）We could not have heard them because the noise from the river.（17）Don‘t be angry to me for not having written—I was really too busy.（18）I‘ve read a lot books about animals.（19）He invited us to dinner，which was very kind for him.（20）I knew that there was no hope on the moment I saw him.（21）Don‘t go by plane. It’s a lot of more expensive.（22）Except milk and cheese，we all need vegetables.（23）On my way back，I called at Mr Smith at his office.「参考答案」（1）去掉for，serve 表示“为……服务”，是及物动词，后接宾语时无需用介词。
2021届新高考英语语法复习微专题[36]短文改错技巧—词法篇(代词介词)(含针对训练与解析)
![2021届新高考英语语法复习微专题[36]短文改错技巧—词法篇(代词介词)(含针对训练与解析)](https://360docs-1393072327.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/08a44a14aa00b52acec7ca3a.webp)
2021届深圳中学新高考英语语法复习微专题[36]短文改错技巧—词法篇（代词介词）（含针对训练与解析）知识梳理4代词错误类型：1.人称代词主格和宾格的误用：2.代词指代不一致；3.不定代词的误用；4.反身代词的误用。
改正方法：分析上下文，弄清人称代词的指代对象。
2.一般情况下，在句中主格人称代词作主语，宾格人称代词作宾语，形容词性物主代词作定语，名词性物主代词作主语、宾语和表语，反身代词作宾语或同位语。
3.通过分析句子成分可以查验代词是否缺少和多余。
应对策略：熟悉各种代词的基本用法；在语境中找出代词指代的对象，区分指代的是单数还是复数，是指代人还是物，是表示两者还是三者或三者以上等。
典型示例如下：a.My soccer couch retired last week, I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.(anything改为something,不定代词的误用)b.She enjoyed her very much that evening , for she danced to her heart's content.(her改为herself,反身代词的误用)c. In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. (yourselves 改为themselves,代词指代不一致)5介词错误类型：1.介词多余，主要表现在及物动词后误加介词，特殊结构中介词提前后不及物动词后又出现介词，固定搭配中介词多余；2.缺少介词，主要表现在不及物动词后缺少相应介词，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中缺少相关介词，固定搭配中缺少介词；3.误用介词。
改正方法：分析语境逻辑，检查介词与动词、名词、形容词、副词等的搭配。
高考英语专项考情分析：代词和介词
第五讲代词和介词语篇型语法填空对代词的考查重点考查人称代词，其次考查不定代词以及作形式主语或形式宾语的it。
考查时可能给出代词的主格形式，要求考生填其宾格、所有格或反身代词形式。
在短文改错中主要考查上下文人称不一致，单复数不一致，性别指代不一致，人称代词的格的误用以及疑问代词的误用等。
语篇型语法填空对介词的考查主要集中在介词的基本用法上，考查形式为非提示型。
对介词短语的考查形式常常是给出与介词搭配的实词，而设空处往往要求考生填出构成固定搭配的介词。
在短文改错中，主要考查介词的误用。
介词的误用主要涉及及物动词后接宾语时误加介词和在不及物动词后接宾语时漏加介词、介词与其他各类词的搭配错误、常用介词的基本用法错误以及习语中介词误用等。
考点一人称代词、物主代词、反身代词(一)人称代词人称代词的主格作主语；宾格可作宾语也可作表语或同位语。
◆只有在不幸时才能真正了解一个人。
——拿破仑(二)物主代词形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，在句中只能作名词或动名词的前置定语，不能单独使用。
名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，可单独作主语、表语和宾语，也可与of连用作后置定语，但不能单独作定语。
到那时，这只熊猫不再需要从它的母亲那里获取食物。
◆(朗文辞典)The main difference between our brains and those of monkeys is that ours are bigger.我们的大脑和猴子的大脑之间的主要差别在于我们的要大些。
(三)反身代词反身代词在句中可用作宾语或表语、同位语。
还可以作名词或代词的同位语，加强语气，表示“亲自，本人”的意思。
feelings of other people.那些烟瘾很大的人应该提醒他们自己注意健康、难闻的气味以及他人的感受。
含有反身代词的习惯用语：by oneself单独地，独自地；for oneself亲自，为自己；devote oneself to 致力于；apply oneself to 专心致志于；enjoy oneself 过得愉快；help oneself to 随便吃；随便用；make yourself at home 不拘束；seat oneself 坐下；behave oneself 举止得体；come to oneself恢复知觉；苏醒过来；adapt/adjust oneself to适应于；abandon oneself to沉迷于，放纵于；express oneself 表达某人的思想；lose oneself in (＝be lost in)迷失于；say to oneself 心里想；talk to oneself自言自语【即时训练】Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2016·四川高考)When he came back，I found a bunch of flowers in ____________(he) hand.答案：his2．(2017·湖南桃江一中月考)Millie gave me a baby cat yesterday that hurt ____________(it) when it fell from the tree.答案：itselfⅡ.单句改错1．She did not hesitate for long：although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please her.________________ 答案：please后面的her改为him2．(2017·河北唐山高三模拟)They are heading for Florida for them honeymoon and plan to frame the treasured picture as soon as they get back.________________答案：them→their/the考点二不定代词(一)all, both, either, any, none, neither◆but neither appeared.我邀请了汤姆和迈克来参加我的生日聚会，但他们一个都没来。
(完整版)高考英语短文改错介词考点.docx
高考英语短文改错介词考点介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。
介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。
介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语。
介词可分为时间介词、地点介词、方式介词、原因介词和其他介词。
①Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(状语 )①This machine is in good condition.表(语 )①Where is the key to my bike?(定语 )①She always thinks herself above others（.宾补）一、介词的分类（1）从用法分类介词类型例词例句表示方位at, before, behind, below, etc.There must be something behind it.表示时间about, after, at, before, by, etc.He came home after 3 days.表示原因、目的for, with, from, etc.He died from cancer.表示对于to, for, over, at, with, etc.The book is really difficult for me.表示手段、方式by, in, with, etc.I will defend the motherland with my life.表示除去but, besides, except, etc.We all went to the supermarket except Tom.表示比较as, like, above, over, than, etc.They united as one man.表示结果to, with, without, etc.Man can’t live without water.（2）从结构分类介词分类构成例词简单介词只有单独一个after, at, on, in, during, since, till, across, over, through, past,词的介词near, to, above, by, for, down, from, of, off, behind, below,beneath, beside, between, beyond, up, with, about, against,along, among, around, etc.复合介由两个合成的介into, inside, onto, outside, throughout, towards, upon, within, without, etc.形容，分或副 +介according to, away from,owing to, etc.down to, inside of, near to, opposite to,+介as for, as to, because of, etc.介+ 介 ( 又称 from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between, etc.短介双重介 )介 +名 +介by means of, in front of, in spite of, on account of, with regard to, etc.其他thanks to, etc.分concerning, considering, including, regarding, etc.形容或副like, near, opposite, round, next, etc.由其他than, but(除⋯⋯之外 ), etc.用despite(不；不管 ), etc.名【考点一】考with/without 复合构介 with/without+ 名 /代 +形容 /副 /介短 /不定式 /分（分可以是在分，也可以是去分）在句中表状或明背景情况，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状。
2020年高考英语二轮复习短文改错--介词和介词短语【带答案】
第四讲介词和介词短语一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.(2019宁夏银川一中二模）Last July Bell paid a visit on Europe.【答案】on→to【解析】句意：去年七月，贝尔访问了欧洲。
pay a visit to...意为“参观/访问……”，为固定短语。
2.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特二模）Due to my terrible pronunciation,I often got misunderstood or even laughed by others. 【答案】laughed后加at【解析】句意：因为发音很差，我经常被人误解，甚至受到他人嘲笑。
laugh at sb.嘲笑某人，本句使用了被动结构。
3.(2019黑龙江哈尔滨三中一模）Our class held a debate to discuss this problem in last week.【答案】删除in【解析】this、that、every、each、last、next等修饰名词作时间状语时，其前不用介词。
4.(2019辽宁鞍山一中三模）In March 2014,I got the opportunity to apply a job in China.【答案】apply后加for【解析】句意：在2014年3月，我得到一个在中国求职的机会。
apply for申请。
5.(2019黑龙江大庆一中二模）As we were waiting on line,a young man with his son came behind us.【答案】on→in【解析】句意：我们正在排队等候时，一个年轻人带着他的儿子来到我们身后。
wait in line排队等候。
6.(2019吉林四平一中二模）I'm surprised to learn that many people here speak English in addition their national languages. 【答案】addition 后加to【解析】句意：得知这里很多人除了说他们的国家语言外还说英语，我感到吃惊。
高考英语语法填空技巧分类突破：介词
短语介词: according to 、 out of 、 because of、 by means of、 in spite of 、 instead of
双重介词 ： from behind /above / under , until after
分词介词 ：considering , including , judging from /b
8. On 与 about 区别
简单区分：about通俗大众；on学术【专业】性强
on与about 二者都是介词，意为“关于，论及” 等，一般情况下，二者可以互相替换，但二者有 点区别：about常用于简单的或浅显的论述等，是 一般用语，多用于讲故事，谈话；思考等； on多 用于系统论述或专题讲演、论著等，具有学术性， 如：The teacher told us a story about Lei Feng. It's very moving. He will give us a talk on the history of the Party.他将给我们做个关于 党史的报告。
10 表原因的介词：
for , because of , due to , owing to , on account of , as a result of 1. He didn’t come to the meeting ______ his illness 2. The reason ______ his being angry is that he lost his cell phone. 3. ______ a heavy snow , the highway has been closed up. 4. The accident is ______ the driver’s drinking .
备战2023年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(全国通用)考点 04 介词和介词短语和数词(解析版)
考点04 介词和介词短语与数词（重难考点精讲练）介词在英语中比较活跃，在高考中，对介词的考查主要集中在语法填空和短文改错题型中，考查点为常见介词如，from,to, on, in, with, by, at, of , on 等等的基本用法上。
语法填空中介词的考查形式为非提示词型，短文改错中介词的考查包括介词的误用以及多词少词。
预计2023年高考对介词的考查将不再局限于单个介词，将会更加注重对介词基本用法和固定搭配中的介词的考查。
在短文改错中，主要考查对介词的误用。
数词1. 掌握主要介词的常见用法及易混介词的辨析；2. 掌握介词与其他词所构成的一些固定短语；3. 掌握在定语从句中介词的使用情况。
一、介词介词的分类分类特点例词简单介词即一个介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on等等。
合成介词由两个介词构成合成词into, onto, throughout, upon, within短语介词由短语构成according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to等等。
双重介词由两个介词搭配而成from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between等等。
分词介词由现在分词转化而来considering(就……而论), including，regarding，concerning等。
兼类介词由形容词直接转化而来like, unlike, near, next, opposite等等。
考向一、介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
高中英语考点精析精练：介词(短文改错)
命题点7 介词本类考题解答锦囊1．英语中的介词多为固定搭配，需熟记.特别是要熟记形容词短语和介词短语中的介词.2．区别常用的介词。
①表示时间的介词.in表示一段时间，on表示具体时间。
②表示方位的名词。
in表示在范围之内，to表示在范围之外，on表示毗邻，接壤。
③besides与except的区别。
besides表示“除……以外还有”，except 表示“只有……除外”。
④above,over与on的区别。
above：“在……之上”，“高于……”(表示相对高度，不一定在正上方）,它的反义词是below；over：“在……之上"（表示垂直之上)，它的反义词是under;on：“在……之上"(表示与某物接触)3．有介词的改错题经常以多用介词或少用介词的形式出现。
4．介词后跟动词，动词加-ing．Ⅰ高考最新热门题1。
(典型例题）I’m sure they’ll laugh to me and see me as a fool．命题目的与解题技巧:此题考查介词的基本知识。
在做此类题时，应将句子结构分析清楚，熟练牢固掌握某些固定搭配，不要因为记忆不牢模糊而失分，做到稳扎稳打。
【答案】to→at．laughat sb，固定词组，取笑某人。
2。
I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees。
答案：saw→seeing．seeing作enjoyed的宾语。
3。
The main problem I was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.答案:去掉that前的in。
was后接表语从句，不用介词.Ⅱ题点经典类型题1。
高考英语介词和介词短语考点总结及真题解析
考点04 介词和介词短语高考频度：★★★★★【命题解读】介词在英语中比较活跃，在高考中，对介词的考查主要集中在语法填空和短文改错题型中，考查点为常见介词如，from,to, on, in, with, by, at, of , on 等等的基本用法上。
语法填空中介词的考查形式为非提示词型，短文改错中介词的考查包括介词的误用以及多词少词。
【命题预测】预计2021年高考对介词的考查将不再局限于单个介词，将会更加注重对介词基本用法和固定搭配中的介词的考查。
在短文改错中，主要考查对介词的误用。
【复习建议】1. 掌握主要介词的常见用法及易混介词的辨析；2. 掌握介词与其他词所构成的一些固定短语；3. 掌握在定语从句中介词的使用情况。
介词的分类考向①介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
考向②常考介词的辨析介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。
但根据近年来高考命题的情况来看，考生需要掌握以下内容。
1.表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别①at 8 o’clock, at noon②in the 1990s, in January③on Monday, on a warm morningon the①The lamp stands in the corner of theroom.②I me t with him at the street corner.③He sat on the corner of the table.besidesexceptbutexcept for1.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove，I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.【答案】将off改为on【解析】考查介词。
英语短文改错题的常见考点
英语短文改错题的常见考点短文改错题所设置的错误主要有语法错误和逻辑错误两种，并以语法错误为主。
错误的呈现方式有多词/少词和缺词三种。
多词主要出现在冠词/介词/连词/助动词。
少词主要出现在名词前少冠词，不及物动词或固定结构中少介词，缺少助动词或不定式符号或连词等。
错词主要出现在冠词/介词/连词/名词的单复数/动词的时态及语态/非谓语动词/主谓一致或词类误用等。
现将常见的短文改错题考点及近三年的高考题实例呈现如下;第一部分，与动词相关的考点（一）谓语（1）错误使用时态1、Last summer I go to America and studied at a language school.2. It is five years now since I graduate from No.3 High School.3. Last winter vacation, some of my classmates decide to travel with their friends.4. When they came home, I will show them around my university and the city just as well.5. I grow up in this village, so I know everyone here.6. “Let`s got some more” I said.7.We had to sit at our desks in silence and paid attention to what the teacher were saying.(2)主谓不一致1. One day, while my friend and I was traveling through Germany.2.John Brown is a London taxi driver who love going to the theatre.3.With such stories it make people think about life.4.Both my parents miss you a lot. So do our friend, Cathy.5.The pay were 10 cents per envelope.6.But as soon as the kangaroo were free, it jumped up and ran away with the jacket.7.There is a public library in every town in Britain. Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish.8.He looked up at us and said‘I just want to know what the sign say”.9.Mary together with her two brothers are watching TV.10.I am sure I am not the only fan who want to know things about you.(3)上下文时态不一致1 .When he gets home ,he saw the animal waiting at the door.2.One day in the restaurant where I worked, I am serving a table o f…3.I left school as soon as I can and started work.4.In Grade Eight I took physics.In one test I get only 36 percent…6.We had guests last night who have not stayed in a hotel ago.7.I gained so much confidence that I go back to school as a new person.8.When our six children were young, suppertime is always being interrupted by neighborhood childre n…(4)主被动语态错用1.We hung a sign on the front door that was read “we`re having dinner, come back later.”2.Today, I got a letter that said I had been admitting to a college.3.One day, the school held party, where I invited to talk about Tianjin.4.If I have the honor to be chose to work for the 29th Olympic Games.5.Many high buildings have been appeare d…6.He permitted to retake the test, and I was pulled my grade to an A.（二）非谓语使用错误1.My father was so pleasing that he suggested I go to England for a holiday.2.I`d like to staying there for a month.3.I have often dreamed of talk face to face with you.4.I will do my best to help making the Games a success.5.Which took us a long time prepare.6.We all enjoyed this precious day greatly ,remember the time we spent together.7.And there were many meaningful things that are worth think of.8.We`d better not to miss the chance to enjoy it.9.Surrounding by a group of students, the old professor felt very happy.10.My parents have agreed to visiting me.11.Perhaps someone who wanted see the play would take them.12.Though I had difficulty walk back to my classroom.13.Even the heavy rain in the morning could not prevent us go.14.I want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.15.We usually work only five hours a day, so we will have plenty of spare time visit the area.第二部分其他常考词类（一）名词名词在改错题中常见的考点是单复数误用和名词所有格运用错误。
高考英语二轮总复习 第1部分 语篇型语法填空和短文改错 专题2 代词和介词
基础自诊·夯基固本
-2-
词汇复习2(根据汉语提示填入以a开头的单词的适当形式,然后 背诵情景,熟记以a开头的课标高频词汇。)
【情景1】 At the anniversary of Agricultural Products Expo,an American agent made an address on how to 1. accumulate (积 累)adequate knowledge to improve the production.Anyway,we should make any 2. alternative (可供选择的) solutions,or even 3. appoint (委派)amateurs or allocate adults who served in
There is no water left in the bottle.(no=not any) 瓶子里没有水。
高频考点·探究突破
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一二
(2)either,any,both,all的常见用法 either 指两者之一;any指三者或三者以上之一。 both指两者都;all 指三者或三者以上都。 (3)表示“另外的”不定代词:the other,other,others,another的常见用 法 ①the other指两者中的另一个,表示特指,可单独使用,也可接单数 名词。常用结构为one...the other...。如: There are two pens.One is his;the other is Tom’s. 有两支钢笔。一支是他的,另一支是汤姆的。
(2)“of(介词)+名词性物主代词(或名词所有格)”构成双重所有格, 如:a friend of my father’s我父亲的一位朋友。