英语语法---限定词(最新整理)
(完整word版)限定词

限定词1.什么叫限定词限定词位于名词之前,对名词起特指、泛指或表示数量等限定作用的一类词,如:特指:the book, my book, this book 等(说话或听话人都知道指点哪一个事物。
)泛指:a book, some books, 等(泛指是指点任何一个(些)事物)数量:two books, many books, much sugar 等在句子中担任主语、宾语、补足语等的名词词组,一般都由“限定词(+形容词)+名词(+后置修饰语)”构成。
但是限定词有不同类型,名词有不同种类,限定词与名词不能随便搭配,因此哪些限定词可以与哪些名词并用就必须加以注意。
总的来说,限定词一般不与专有名词搭配,用于普通名词时要根据名词的数和类别来决定.我们把名词划分为以下三类:单数可数名词:a book that book 等复数可数名词:these books such books 等不可数名词:some tea little water 等2、哪些是限定词兹将限定词列表如下,表中指明各个限定词与三类名词搭配的情况:限定词单数可数复数可数不可数a(n) book -- -—a (little)bit of -— -- breada great amount of -——- breada great (good) deal of -- —— breada great(good, large, small)number of —- books --all day books breada lot of —— books breadanother book -- --any book books breadboth -— books ——double the price the quantities the strengtheach book -- --either book -———enough -- books breadevery book —- -—(a) few —— books —-fewer,(the) fewest —— books -—the first, the second, etc prize prizes -—half an hour the men the breadthe last book books -—(the ) least thing —— breadless —— -— bread(a) little -— -— breadlots of —— books breadmany a book books —-more -- books breadmost —— books breadmuch —- -— breadmy, your, his, etc book books breadTom’s, the old man’s, etc book books breadneither book -- --the next book books --no book books breadone book ———-one-third, two—fifths, etc (of)the book (of) the books the timeother student students breadthe other book books --plenty of —- books breadseveral -- books --some (某一)book books breadsuch book books breadthat book books breadthe book books breadthese -— books —-this book -— breadthose -- books ——twice, three times, etc the figure the quantities his strengthtwo, three, etc —- books --what(ever) book books breadwhich(ever) book books breadwhose book books breadzero(不用冠词或其它限定词) man men bread[注] 表内“-”表示有关限定词不能与该类名词搭配.限定词的搭配 1、概说名词词组中,当两个或两个以上的限定词同时出现时,限定词之间有一定的搭配关系,根据其不同的搭配位置可分为三类,其中最重要的一类是中位限定词,:Write your answer on every other line。
专四语法专题复习:限定词(一)

several hundred guests 后 后 such a misfortune 前 中
all other students 前 后 some such alloy 中 后
有上述诸例可以看出,中位限定词和前位限定词之间是相互排 斥的,即一个名词中心词之前不可并用两个中位限定词或两个前位 限定词。所以,“我的那本书”不是 my that book 而是 that book of mine ,因为 my 和 that 同是中位限定词,不可并列。但后位限 定词的使用却不受此限制。例如: his 中 two 后 last two books 后 后 more sheets 后 the first two chapters 中 后 后
基数词(Cardinal Numeral)和序数词(Ordinal Number)
倍 数 词 ( Multiplicative Numeral ) 和 分 数 词 ( Fractional Numeral) 量词(Quantifier):a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a great/ good deal of , a large / small amount / quantity of , a great/large/good number of等。
(4)只能与不可数名词搭配的限定词
有些限定词如a (little) bit of,a large amount of,a great deal of,(a) little,much,less,(the) least等只能与不可数名词 搭配。 a bit of water (a) little space a large amount of money less oil much noise (the) least oil
专四语法第4节-限定词

第四节限定词一、限定词概述限定词(Determiner)是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、类指以及表示确定数量和非确定数量等限定作用的词类,主要包括1.冠词(a, an, the)、2.物主(代词)限定词(如my,her)、3.指示(代词)限定词(如such, this, those)、3.不定(代词)限定词(如all, both, no)、4.疑问限定词(如what, which, whose)、5. 关系限定词(如whose)、6.名词属格(如Tom’s, China)、7.数词等常见考点1.冠词(article)概述:冠词是置于名词之前说明名词所指的人或物的一种虚词,英语中有三个冠词,定冠词(the);不定冠词(a/an);零冠词冠词考点(易出题知识点):1.1 不定冠词a与an的区别1.2 固定结构“a/an +n.A +of + a/an+ n.B”中,这一结构中前面的名词表示的是后面名词的性质或者是特征. 如amountain of a wave 滔天巨浪 a lion of a man 雄狮般勇猛的人1.3 用在复数抽象名词前表示单一概念或复数名词表整体概念(注意同主谓一致考点联系起来)如I have a good twenty dollars in my pocket. 我口袋里面有整整20美元。
Since you like steak so much, why don’t you order ______ steak?A.theB. anC. aD./Answer: C物质名词变为可数名词,a steak表示一份牛排。
1.4 定冠词的使用1.5 零冠词的使用2. 限定词与名词的搭配关系3.限定词与限定的之间的搭配关系3.2 多个限定词相遇时,其位置使用规则*基本规则:“前位+中位+后位”both the brothers all his two daughters (前+中+后)all other students (前+后) those last few minutes (中+后+后)*such做限定词有特殊规则:such+不定冠词(such位于前)当such 和其他的限定词(some, any, no, fall, few, another, other, many, one, two等)搭配时,such是后位限定词,如I’ve never seen such a dog.All such problems should be considered.4. 特殊限定词的使用4.1some 和any 的用法1)some, any与复数名词和不可数名词搭配,表“一些”some 和单数名词搭配表“某一”any与单数名词搭配表“任一”2)some一般用于肯定句中,也可以用在表示希望对方给出肯定回答的疑问句中any 多用语疑问,否定句,条件句,if/whether引导的从句3)固定搭配some day 来日some day or other 迟早not…any longer/more 不再at any rate/in any case 无论如何4.2no 的用法1)no可以修饰单数可数名词,复数名词和不可数名词,其意义相当于“not a “ “not any”, 所以no不能和a(n), any 连用。
英语语法--限定词,冠词

2) 三类限定词的搭配关系 如果一个名词词组带有上述 三类限定词,其搭配关系总是按照“前位--中位- -后位”的顺序排列。 例如: all前the中four后teachers. all前your中three后books. all前these中last后few后days. 如果只有上述两类限定词, 其搭配关系仍按上述顺序。例如: half前his中lecture. those中last后few后months. several后hundred后guests. all 前other后students. such前a中misfortune. some中such后 alloy.
6〕能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词 有些限定词 如this, that, (the) least等能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配。 例如: (the) least sign (of prejudice), this / that job, (the) least knowledge, this / that work. 7〕能与复数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词 还有些限定 词如a lot of, lots of, enough, more, most, such, other等可与复 数名词和不可数名词搭配。例如: a lot of books, a lot of money, lots of chickens, lots of food, plenty of chairs, plenty of water, enough copies, enough coal, more articles, more time, most people, most work, such men, such bread, other men, other bread. 不定量限定词less原先只与不可数名词搭配,但在现代英 语中,less既可与不可数名词也可与复数名词搭配。例如: less money, less mistakes.
英语语法--限定词,冠词

1〕类指 类指是表示类别,也就是泛指一类人或物。不论是定冠词还是不 定冠词和零冠词都具有这种功能。 比如定冠词与单数可数名词搭配,往往可起类指的作用,常用于 正式语体。 例如: Galileo claimed that he had invented the telescope. GALILEO 声称他发明了望远镜。 The horse has been replaced by the railroad, the windship by the steamship. 铁路代替了马的作用,汽船代替了帆船。 定冠词与某些形容词或分词连用,表示类别或抽象概念,也是一 种类指用法。 例如: the rich 富人; the living 生者。表示一类人。 The sick have been cured, the lost have been found, and the dead have been revived. 病被治逾,失去的被找回来了,死亡被挽救回来了。 The true, the good and the beautiful would not exist without the false, the evil and the ugly. 没有欺骗、邪恶、丑陋就没有真实、善良和美 丽。
用不定冠词与单数可数名词搭配也可表示类别。 例如: My brother William is planning to be a lawyer. 我的兄弟 WILLIAM打算成为律师。 用零冠词与复数可数名词或不可数名词搭配,同样可以 表示一类的人或物。 例如: Doctors are badly needed at the front. 在前线医生是非常 地需要。 Carrots are my favorite vegetable. 胡罗卜是我最喜爱的蔬 菜。 Electricity is a form of energy. 电是能量的一种形态。 Unity is strength. 团结就是力量。
专四语法专题复习:限定词(一)

在名词词组中心词之前如果有两个或两个以上限定词 出现时,就会产生限定词的先后顺序问题。按其不同的搭 配位置,限定词可分为:
(1)中位、前位、后位限定词
按照限定词和限定词之间的不同搭配位置,限定词可分为中位 限定词(Central Determiner)、前位限定词(Predeterminer)和 后位限定词(Postdeterminer)。
several hundred guests all other students 后 后 前 后 such a misfortune some such alloy 前 中 中 后 有上述诸例可以看出,中位限定词和前位限定词之间是相互排 斥的,即一个名词中心词之前不可并用两个中位限定词或两个前位 限定词。所以,“我的那本书”不是my that book而是that book of mine,因为my 和that 同是中位限定词,不可并列。但后位限定词 的使用却不受此限制。例如: his last two books 中 后 后 two more sheets 后 后 the first two chapters 中 后 后
个别限定词有跨类现象,如such既属于前位限定 词,又可归入后位限定词。由于它只是在such a ...和 such an …这样的搭配中属于前位限定词,而在与其 他限定词(some,any,no,all,few,another, other,many,one,two等)搭配时,such则是后位 限定词,一律放在上述这些限定词的后面,如some such,any such,no such,few such,one such等,因 此把它归入后位限定词。
(6)能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词
有些限定词如this,that等能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配。 例如: this/that job this/that work
限定词的考点归纳与解题指导

限定词的考点归纳与解题指导一、考点归纳本文的限定词包括冠词、形容词性物主代词、充当定语的指示代词和充当定语的不定代词等。
1. 冠词有a,an,the 等。
2. 形容词性物主代词有my,your ,his ,her,its ,our ,their 等。
3. 充当定语的指示代词有this ,that ,these ,those 等。
4. 充当定语的不定代词有other ,another ,some,any,all ,each,every ,many,much,little ,few ,both ,neither ,either 等。
二、解法指导在语法填空中,若名词前没有上述限定词,尤其是单数可数名词前,很有可能是填限定词。
结构一般是:限定词+形容词+名词。
填哪个限定词,必须视句意和语境而定。
[ 例1] (2009 年广东)Besides ,shopping at this time of the year was not _______ pleasant experience...解析:因experience 作“经历”解,是可数名词,即题中的experience 是单数可数名词,前面没有限定词,应填限定词;句意:此外,在一年当中的这个时候去购物不是“一次”令人愉快的经历。
故填a。
[例2] (2010 年广东)A you ng manwhile traveli ng througha desert ,came across a spring of clear water. _______water was sweet.解析:前面出现过water ,后面再次提到,故应该填定冠词The。
[ 例3] (2011 年广东)We had ______ amazing conversation.解析:单数可数名词conversation 前无限定词,应填限定词;表示“一次”用不定冠词;又因为后面的单词是以元音音素开头,故用an。
英语语法之 限定词(一)

限定词(一)限定词用来限定名词所指的范围,主要包括冠词、不定代词、指示代词、数词等。
本章节主要讨论冠词的用法。
冠词是一种虚词,本身不能独立使用。
英语中,冠词包括不定冠词(a/ an)、定冠词(the) 和零冠词三种。
一、不定冠词的主要用法1. a和an 是泛指限定词,用于单数可数名词前,泛指人或物。
在首次提及的人或物前,a或an 一般表示数量“一”。
a用于以辅音开头的名词前:a piece,a language,a university。
an用于以元音开头的名词前:an example,an art exhibition (展览会),an early train,an honest politician, an hour。
e.g. I) It has been a rewarding lecture.II) I work for Sony Electric, an electronics company. 我在一家电子公司――索尼电器工作。
2. a和an也可用在可数名词前表示一类人或物。
e.g. I) A friend is someone who chooses and is chosen.II) Lend me a novel, will you?3. a和an用在某些物质名词前表示一阵、一份、一类、一场、一种等。
e.g. I) All I had for lunch is a yogurt. 中饭我只吃了一杯酸奶。
II) What the earth needs now is a rainfall, 目前地球所需要的是一场雨。
二、定冠词the的意义和用法1. 与名词连用特指某个人或物,或谈话双方熟知的彼此心照不宣的人或物。
e.g. I) Did you go to the opening ceremony? 你有没有参加开幕式?II) The lion is a fierce (凶猛的) animal. (相当于A lion is a fierce animal.或Lions are fierce animals.)【注】下面三句中的斜体部分就不能互换:I) Who invented the camera? (指类别)II) Who had a camera? (指同类中的任何一个)III) Who produced cameras? (指这一类中的所有个体)2. 用在表示独一无二的或被认为是唯一的名词前。
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搭配的
No words can express my grief.
限定词
Whose side are you on?
He is a writer whose humor is not without substance(他的幽默很有实质意义).
1
辨析
(1) many/much(两者均可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句;并可带有 how/too/so/ as...as 等修
中二类
的三船谷物尚未达到)
名词搭 能与单数、不 this/that 等。My family have lived in that village for many generations.
配的限 可数搭配的限 Whoever had come up with this idea deserved a medal.
that, these, those, such)
fractional numeral 分数词
relative determiner 关 系 限 定 词 (whose, quantifier 量 词 (a lot of/plenty of, a
which)
great/good deal of, a large/small
Each/every side of the square was crowded with people.
any 包含至少三个人或物,才可用任何一个;either 只包含两个,才可用任何一个。
限定词的先后顺序:前位---中位---后位(一个名词中心词之前不可并用两个前位 限定词或两个中位限定词)
前位限定词 predeterminer 中位限定词 central determiner 后位限定词 postdeterminer
I can speak a bit of French and understand more.(理解比口语好一些)
能与单、复数 the first/second/last/next 等。
搭配的限定词 My first reaction was to hit him, but he was old, and my second was to resign.
Examples
all, half, both, double, 倍数词,分数词,what, such a/an 等。
the/a/an/zero, this/that, these/those, some/any, no, every/each, either/neither, enough,
what(ever)/which(ever)/whose,物主限定词,名词属格等。
基数词,序数词,next/last, other/another, many/much(a lot of, plenty of, a great
number of, a great(/good) many, a great deal of, a large amount of, a great quantity
interrogative determiner 疑 问 限 定 词 (what, amount/quantity of, a great/good
which, whose)
number of)
限定词与三类名词(单数,复数,不可数)的搭配关系
只能与单数搭 a/an, one ,another, each/every, either/neither, many a/such a 等。
Cats and tigers belong to the same family of mammals.
Electricity is a form of energy.
Unity is strength.
definite specific reference
定冠词常有此种功能。
确定特指(非常明确地指出何人 We own a dog and a cat. The dog is brown. And the
both these theories some such alloy
the other three girls
his last two books, the first two chapters, three other girls, two more sheets, the
next few weeks, many more copies, a few more samples, another twenty tons 等。
饰语,多用于肯定句), a lot of/lots of/plenty of(常用于肯定句), a good(/great) many/a large
amount of.
Much information is now transmitted through e-mail.
There is much coal in the mine.
The horse had been replaced by the railroad, the windship(帆船) and the steamship.
An ox is a useful animal.
My brother is planing to be a lawyer.
Doctors are badly needed at the front. Carrots are my favourite vegetable.
possessive determiner 物主限定词
cardinal numeral 基数词
genitive noun 名词属格
ordinal numeral 序数词
demonstrative determiner 指 示 限 定 词 (this, multiplicative numeral 倍数词
后照应特指
How's the cough today?
(3)situational reference
限定词(determiner)
主要术语
specific reference 特指 generic reference 类指/泛指 definite quantity 确定数量 indefinite quantity 非确定数量
referential meaning 所指意义
definite/indefinite/zero article 定/不定/零冠词 indefinite determiner 不定限定词
定词
在很大程度上也是虚构的)
Such optimism had become strangely out of place.(此种乐观态度已变得非常
不合时宜)
能与三 能与三类名词 the, some/any, no/the other, whose, 物主限定词,名词属格等。
类名词 搭配的限定词 No student is to leave the classroom.
其中一 配的限定词 (great) number of 等。E.g. In another two weeks, it will be finished.
类名词 只能与不可数 a (little) bit of, a large amount of, a great deal of, (a) little, much, less, (the)
Quite a few of us are getting worried. / You'll have to wait a good few weeks.
(3) all/none, both/every/ each, either/neither, any
all/both (of) the boys
You can take as many copies as you need.
They can spend as much money as they need on the project.
(2) (a) few/(a) little,注意 quite a few/ a good few/ not a few 表示“相当多”的含义。
every/each/either/neither/any boy
every one of the boys
each/either/neither/any (one) of the boys
both his parents/both of them are fine.
Either of them is in dorm. / either day is OK.
或何物)
cat is white.
(1)anaphoric specific reference The dog and the cat are the same ones we had last
前照应特指
years.
(2)cataphoric specific reference 语境特指:Shut the door, please.
搭配的 搭配的限定词 least 等。
限定词
There is little doubt that he and his accomplices are guilty.
The Square was the scene of much fighting in last year's revolution.
配的限定词 It should be compulsory reading for every adult.
Neither accusation is true.(两项指控都不能成立)
只能与 只能与复数搭 Both, two/three, another two/ three, many, (a) few, several, these/those, a