英语语法之数量限定词
限定词的种类

限定词的种类限定词是英语中一类用来修饰名词或名词性短语的词汇,起到限制或具体化名词的作用。
在英语语法中,常见的限定词包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数量词、基数词、序数词、不定代词等。
本文将分别介绍并解释这些限定词的种类和用法。
一、冠词 (Articles)冠词是指用来限定名词范围的词语,分为定冠词和不定冠词两种。
1. 定冠词 (Definite Articles)定冠词包括"the",用于特指已提及或共知的人、事物或概念。
例如:- The book on the table is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的。
)- The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。
)2. 不定冠词 (Indefinite Articles)不定冠词包括"a"和"an",用于泛指或表示名词是一个类别中的任意一个。
例如:- I saw a bird in the garden.(我在花园里看到一只鸟。
)- She wants to be an actress.(她想成为一名女演员。
)二、指示代词 (Demonstrative Pronouns)指示代词指代特定的人、事物或位置,并且根据离说话人的距离分为远指和近指两种。
1. 远指代词远指代词包括"that"和"those",用于指代离说话人较远的事物或人们。
例如:- That is a beautiful sunset.(那是一个美丽的日落。
)- Look at those flowers over there.(看看那边的花。
)2. 近指代词近指代词包括"this"和"these",用于指代离说话人较近的事物或人们。
例如:- This is my new car.(这是我的新车。
)- These are my friends.(这些是我的朋友。
英语语法---限定词

限定词(determiner)限定词的先后顺序: 前位---中位---后位(一个名词中心词之前不可并用两个前位限定词或两个中位限定词)冠词的表意功能(1)The ten of them have passed the final examination.Ten of them have passed the final examination.Ten of the (these/his) students have passed the final examination.(2)They asked to stop counting presidential votes for a second time.(3)Every boy and every girl___(have) his merits.Every young man, young lady,and child ___(be) requested to take part.Many a person___(be) going to the take the test.(4)Other or anotherCalifornia covers a large area than __________state except Alaska and Texas.Out of the three foreign guests, one is from Frankfurt, ______two are from Vienna.. Don'.los.heart.Hav.___try.There's room for _________people in the back of the bus.(5). ing.We'l.hav.____.five-da.holiday.(6)冠词的用法Who is ___captain of your team?. Mr.Reaga.wa.electe.___Presiden.o.th.Unite.State.i.1980.Charles Dickens,__author of David Copperfield, was a distinguished English novelist.As ____physician, he does not deserve much praise.He was covered with snow from ___head to __foot.The relation between ___teacher and ___student is excellent.This room serves the triple purpose of ___study, ___bedroom and ____sitting room. The old man was sitting in a chair, ___pipe in ___hand.He sat at ___ table, ___coat off, ___head down, and __pen in ___hand.What kind of ___man is he?What sort of ___book do you want?The work is ____pleasure to me.She has developed ___love for labour.Physics is ____ science.He spoke with _____ enthusiasm which inspired us all.Do you like ___ music of ___film?Phonetics is ____science of speech sounds。
专四语法第4节-限定词

第四节限定词一、限定词概述限定词(Determiner)是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、类指以及表示确定数量和非确定数量等限定作用的词类,主要包括1.冠词(a, an, the)、2.物主(代词)限定词(如my,her)、3.指示(代词)限定词(如such, this, those)、3.不定(代词)限定词(如all, both, no)、4.疑问限定词(如what, which, whose)、5. 关系限定词(如whose)、6.名词属格(如Tom’s, China)、7.数词等常见考点1.冠词(article)概述:冠词是置于名词之前说明名词所指的人或物的一种虚词,英语中有三个冠词,定冠词(the);不定冠词(a/an);零冠词冠词考点(易出题知识点):1.1 不定冠词a与an的区别1.2 固定结构“a/an +n.A +of + a/an+ n.B”中,这一结构中前面的名词表示的是后面名词的性质或者是特征. 如amountain of a wave 滔天巨浪 a lion of a man 雄狮般勇猛的人1.3 用在复数抽象名词前表示单一概念或复数名词表整体概念(注意同主谓一致考点联系起来)如I have a good twenty dollars in my pocket. 我口袋里面有整整20美元。
Since you like steak so much, why don’t you order ______ steak?A.theB. anC. aD./Answer: C物质名词变为可数名词,a steak表示一份牛排。
1.4 定冠词的使用1.5 零冠词的使用2. 限定词与名词的搭配关系3.限定词与限定的之间的搭配关系3.2 多个限定词相遇时,其位置使用规则*基本规则:“前位+中位+后位”both the brothers all his two daughters (前+中+后)all other students (前+后) those last few minutes (中+后+后)*such做限定词有特殊规则:such+不定冠词(such位于前)当such 和其他的限定词(some, any, no, fall, few, another, other, many, one, two等)搭配时,such是后位限定词,如I’ve never seen such a dog.All such problems should be considered.4. 特殊限定词的使用4.1some 和any 的用法1)some, any与复数名词和不可数名词搭配,表“一些”some 和单数名词搭配表“某一”any与单数名词搭配表“任一”2)some一般用于肯定句中,也可以用在表示希望对方给出肯定回答的疑问句中any 多用语疑问,否定句,条件句,if/whether引导的从句3)固定搭配some day 来日some day or other 迟早not…any longer/more 不再at any rate/in any case 无论如何4.2no 的用法1)no可以修饰单数可数名词,复数名词和不可数名词,其意义相当于“not a “ “not any”, 所以no不能和a(n), any 连用。
英语语法--限定词,冠词

2) 三类限定词的搭配关系 如果一个名词词组带有上述 三类限定词,其搭配关系总是按照“前位--中位- -后位”的顺序排列。 例如: all前the中four后teachers. all前your中three后books. all前these中last后few后days. 如果只有上述两类限定词, 其搭配关系仍按上述顺序。例如: half前his中lecture. those中last后few后months. several后hundred后guests. all 前other后students. such前a中misfortune. some中such后 alloy.
6〕能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词 有些限定词 如this, that, (the) least等能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配。 例如: (the) least sign (of prejudice), this / that job, (the) least knowledge, this / that work. 7〕能与复数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词 还有些限定 词如a lot of, lots of, enough, more, most, such, other等可与复 数名词和不可数名词搭配。例如: a lot of books, a lot of money, lots of chickens, lots of food, plenty of chairs, plenty of water, enough copies, enough coal, more articles, more time, most people, most work, such men, such bread, other men, other bread. 不定量限定词less原先只与不可数名词搭配,但在现代英 语中,less既可与不可数名词也可与复数名词搭配。例如: less money, less mistakes.
英语语法之限定词

搭配关系
•与三类名词 •限定词之间 •若干限定词用法比较
与三类名词的搭配关系(单数名词
复数名词 不可数名词)
1.与三类名词都可以搭配的
• the (book,books,money) • my / your / john’s ------ whose • (the) other •Some ( book , books , money) •Any ( book , books , money)
②They questioned the(前) both(中) last(后) two(后) boys(名).
⑴ 前位限定词
• 种类:主要是用来说明名词的数量 ①表示倍数关系
half my salary, twice my salary, double my salary,three times my salary;
Like all such
stories..
Such optimism has
become…
限定词之间的搭配
前位限定词(Pre-determiner) 中位限定词(Central Determiner) 后位限定词(Post-determiner)
① I met all(前) my(中) many(后) friends(名).
Specific reference 特指 Generic reference 类指 Definite quantity 表示确定数量
Indefinite quantity 表示非确定数量
• 英语的限定词包括: • 定冠词(DEFINTITE ARTICLE〕,不定冠词 (INDEFINITE ARTICLE〕,零冠词(ZERO ARTICLE 〕 • 物主限定词(POSSESSIVE DETERMINER〕,my, your, his, her, our, your, their, one's, its. • 名词属格(GENITIVE NOUN〕,John's, my friend's. • 指示限定词(DEMONSTRATIVE DETERMINER〕, this, that, these, those, such. • 关系限定词(RELATIVE DETERRMINER〕,whose, which. • 疑问限定词(INTERROGATIVE DETERMINER〕, what, which, whose.
英语语法之 限定词(一)

限定词(一)限定词用来限定名词所指的范围,主要包括冠词、不定代词、指示代词、数词等。
本章节主要讨论冠词的用法。
冠词是一种虚词,本身不能独立使用。
英语中,冠词包括不定冠词(a/ an)、定冠词(the) 和零冠词三种。
一、不定冠词的主要用法1. a和an 是泛指限定词,用于单数可数名词前,泛指人或物。
在首次提及的人或物前,a或an 一般表示数量“一”。
a用于以辅音开头的名词前:a piece,a language,a university。
an用于以元音开头的名词前:an example,an art exhibition (展览会),an early train,an honest politician, an hour。
e.g. I) It has been a rewarding lecture.II) I work for Sony Electric, an electronics company. 我在一家电子公司――索尼电器工作。
2. a和an也可用在可数名词前表示一类人或物。
e.g. I) A friend is someone who chooses and is chosen.II) Lend me a novel, will you?3. a和an用在某些物质名词前表示一阵、一份、一类、一场、一种等。
e.g. I) All I had for lunch is a yogurt. 中饭我只吃了一杯酸奶。
II) What the earth needs now is a rainfall, 目前地球所需要的是一场雨。
二、定冠词the的意义和用法1. 与名词连用特指某个人或物,或谈话双方熟知的彼此心照不宣的人或物。
e.g. I) Did you go to the opening ceremony? 你有没有参加开幕式?II) The lion is a fierce (凶猛的) animal. (相当于A lion is a fierce animal.或Lions are fierce animals.)【注】下面三句中的斜体部分就不能互换:I) Who invented the camera? (指类别)II) Who had a camera? (指同类中的任何一个)III) Who produced cameras? (指这一类中的所有个体)2. 用在表示独一无二的或被认为是唯一的名词前。
初中英语语法专题(三)限定词(二)()

专题三第三讲限定词(二)在英语中,限定词是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、泛指(冠词),表示确定数量(数词)和非确定数量(不定代词)等限定作用的词类.名词词组除有词汇意义外,还有其所指意义, 是特指(即指特写的对象〕,还是泛指(即泛指一类人或物〕;是有确定的数量,还是没有确定的数量.表示名词的非确定数量的不定限定词有(不定代词):n o, some, any, each, every, enough, either, neither, all, both, half, several, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, other, another 等.接下来我们分类一一讲解。
数量限定词(一): a few,few/a little,little(四个小不点)与名词的搭配关系: a few 和few 的后面只能接复数名词,而 a little 和little 的后面只能接不可数名词。
例如: a few days, few boys a little water, little money肯定/否定之别: a few 和a little 的意思是肯定的,相当于some,表示“有一些”的意思。
而few 和little 的意思是否定的,表示“很少,几乎没有”。
例如:His theory is rather difficult; few people understand it.=His theory is rather difficult; almost no people understand it. 他的理论很深奥,没什么人能够理解。
His theory is rather difficult, but a few people understand it. 他的理论很深奥,但有一些人能够理解。
Ihave little interest in English, so I am very poor at it. 我对英文没什么兴趣,所以学得很不好。
英语语法-限定词

限定词数量限定词只与可数名词连用只接单数 one each every只接复数 two(three) both a couple of a few several many a number of只与不可数名词连用a little little much a great deal of a large amount of与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用均可not any some a lot of lots of plenty of most all数量词与of连用all/most/some/any of+特指限定词+复数可数或不可数名词most booksmost of books 不正确most of my/these/the/john’s booksmany/a few/few/several/both/two/three of +特指限定词+ 复数可数名词many studentsmany of students 不正确many of these studentsmuch/a little/little of +特指限定词+ 不可数名词much watermuch of water 不正确much of the water其他数量词 a lot of , lots of , a couple of , plenty of , a number of , a great deal of 直接+名词all和both特殊用法all/both my students 可以不加of,其他much/many数量限定词不可这么用all studentsall of my studentsall of students 不正确数量词a few, few(只接可数), a little, little(只接不可数)a little,a few为肯定之意,等同于some,有一些His theory is rather difficult; few people understand it.=almost no people understand it.I have little interest in English, so I am very poor at it.little,few为否定之意,等同于几乎没有His theory is rather difficult, but a few people understand it.I have a little interest in English, so I like learning it.only a little,only a few very few,very littlesome and any陈述句:some 一般用肯定,any一般用否定,表示”一些“。
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B. some/ any一些 一、some多用于肯定句,any否定 疑问句中多数情况下用any,但表示期
待正面回答时用some Would you like to give me some advice?
二、均可以与不可数名词以及可数名词复 数连用。
三、特殊用法:any+单数名词 无论哪一个,任何一个 You can catch any bus. They all go to the
数量限定词 A. a few, few / a little, little 一、与名词的搭配 a few/few :复数名词 a little/little: 不可数名词
二、肯定否定之别 a few/ a little:肯定,相当于some few/ little :否定,表示几乎没有
三、与only或者very的搭配 only只能加肯定的 only a little very可以用来强调否定的 very few
His theory is rather difficult and ____ students can understand it.
A. only few B. only a few C. only little D. only a little
railway station.
四、特殊用法:some+单数名词 表示不确定的“某一个” Some person at the gate is asking to see you.
五、特殊用法:some+数词 在限定复数名词时,some+数词+名词,表
示大约
Some 1500 passenger