U11大学英语精读课
大学英语精读【上外版】第二版11课考试内容总结
To give students some guidelines on how to improve their studies【text】curiosity Such people are tremendously curious. The whole world is of interest to them, and they observe what others do not. Nobel-Prize winner physician Albert ~~ put it wellwhen he said,”discovery consists of looking at the same thing as everyone else and thinking something differently.”W ith this curiosity comes an “investigative spirit”; the learning is not so much the acquisition of information as it is an investigation ----a questioning, a turning over of the object of study to see all sides and facets. It is not knowing in the sense of having a rigid opinion, but the ability to look again at another time, in a different sight, as ~~ suggests, and to form a new understanding based on that observation.Discipline Any discipline—but especially those with great subtlety and complexity, like yoga and t’ai chi—can be a lifelong pursuit. Persistence, consistency, and discipline are required. Without these, our learning is but froth without substance. There are no shortcuts. The fruit of these seemingly dry qualities(which we prefer to admire in others) is the satisfaction of having tasted the fullness of completion, or the thrill of meeting a difficult challenge with success. Perhaps, though, our culture is in need of redefining what it means to study. If we can look at our chosen discipline or craft as an ongoing process rather than a discrete accomplishment, the potential for learning can be infinite. With this attitude we may find ourselves treating even the most mundane discovery with wide-eyed wonder and joy.WORD1.习得acquisition (v.acquire)2.方法approach3.獾，纠缠badger4.自满complacency(a placent 自满的)5.通信correspondence(correspondent 记者)6.累积的cumulative (cumulus 积云)7.恶魔demon8.分散离散的discrete（不谨慎不显眼的discreet）9.象征,化身embody (n.embodiment=personification=representation) 10.构想出formulate11.主动性，积极性initiative12.生计livelihood13.平庸的mundane14.不断发展的ongoing15.吃，喝，参与活动partake16.相关的pertinent17.陷阱pitfall18.史无前例precedence (v.precede)19.之前的prior~to20.与。
杨立民《现代大学英语精读(1)》学习指南(Unit 11)【圣才出品】
Unit 11一、词汇短语Text Aspear [] n. 矛，枪；梭标vi. 刺，戳；（植物）发芽成茎【例句】The hunter threw a spear at the lion. 猎人将长矛射向狮子。
【助记】形意近pierce刺穿；音：死+ bear熊，把熊弄死的矛。
shiver [] v. 颤抖，发抖；打碎，碎裂n. （无法控制的）颤抖，碎片【例句】The divers were shivering with cold. 那些潜水员冷得直打颤。
【词组】shiver with因…而发抖【助记】血哇（看见血害怕呀）颤抖【派生】shivering adj. 颤抖的cub [] n.（狮、虎等的）幼兽vi.生育幼兽【例句】You cheeky young cub! 你这莽撞的毛头小伙子！【词组】cub scout 幼童军cub reporter 初出茅庐的新闻记者cub pilot见习领港员wiggle [] v. (使)踌躇，摆动n.踌躇，摆动【例句】Stop wiggling and sit still! 不要摇摇晃晃的，坐著别动！【词组】get a wiggle on赶快，加紧wiggle out of从…挣脱出来【助记】读：喂狗，狗的尾巴就会wiggle。
mischievous [] adj. 淘气的, 恶作剧的；有害处的【例句】The little boy is as mischievous as a monkey.这个小男孩像猴子一样调皮。
【词组】a mischievous look, smile, trick 调皮的样子、微笑、花招a mischievous letter, rumour 恶意中伤的信、谣言【助记】来自mischief mis + chief 首领，头，对头不利→伤害；mis + achieve 达到，完成，没有，不让完成→损害，恶作剧chase [] n. 追赶，追击vt. 追赶，追逐；雕镂【例句】Why do modern people chase material possessions? 为什么现在的人们追求物质财富？【词组】chase after 追逐；追赶chase down 找出give chase (to)追赶；追击in chase of追赶【派生】chaser n.驱逐舰；猎人poke [] v. 戳，刺，伸（头）；搜索，探问【例句】A seal poked its head out of the water. 一只海豹把头探出了水面。
大学精读课程第11单元B1U11
Background Culture Tips
➢ Cultural Stereotype of Wolves: • Many of the prevailing stories
Text Analysis Rhetorical Devices
Simile and Metaphor
• We hunted the grasshoppers that leaped about like little rockets.
• For the next two years I was as busy as a squirrel storing nuts for the winter.
WB TR
Text Analysis Theme
• The story depicts the ideal relationship between humans and wild animals—they are fellow creatures on the earth, and therefore should treat each other like brothers as a way of mutual protection and mutual respect .
Background
Genre
A Short Story
• Setting (time and place): Time: an unusually cold spring Place: northern country
现代大学英语精读(第2版)第六册U11 Beauty
现代大学英语精读(第2版)第六册:U11 BeautyUnit 11 Beauty第十一单元美Scott Russell Sanders斯科特·拉塞尔·桑德斯In memory, I wait beside Eva in the vestibule of the church to play my part a s father of the bride. She hooks a hand on my elbow while three bridesmaids fuss over her, fixing the gauzy veil spreading the long ivory train of her go wn, tucking into her bun a loose strand of hair, which glows the color of hone y filled with sunlight. Clumsy in my rented patent leather shoes and stiff bl ack tuxedo, I stand among these gorgeous women like a crow among doves.I realize that they're gorgeous not because they carry bouquets or wear silk dresses, but because the festival of marriage has slowed time down until any fool can see their glory.记忆中，教堂的门厅里，我等在伊娃的身旁准备担当新娘父亲的角色。
她一只手挎着我的臂弯，同时，三个伴娘手忙脚乱地在她身上忙着，或整理薄薄的面纱，或铺平象牙色长长的拖裙，或将一绺散落的头发卷塞到发髻里。
U11大学英语精读课
amount to
• 合计；接近 • to add up to sth; to make sth as a total: His earnings are said to amount to £300 000 per annum. ◆ They gave me some help in the beginning but it did not amount to much (= they did not give me much help). • to be equal to or the same as sth: Her answer amounted to a complete refusal.
The Year of Genome
Matt Ridley
Free Will
自由意志(free will)是一个哲学信条。 它认为，我们的选择最终取决于我们自 己。这个概念涉及决定论(determinism) 、非决定论(indeterminism)、道德责任 (moral responsibility)、现代物理学、神 经病学、精神病学、犹太教、基督教等 诸多哲学概念、科学学科及宗教
genetic
• • • • gen,gener,genit=birth,produce,表示“出生，产生”" 表示“出生，产生” 表示 generate v 产生；发电（genner+ate →产生[电]等） generation n 产生；一代（(generate+ion) generator n 发电机；生殖者（generate+or→产生[电] 的东西→发电机） • regenerate v 再生，重生（re再+generate) • generous a 慷慨的；丰富的（gener+ous→[不断]产 生→丰富的，慷慨的） • generosity n 慷慨（gener+osity多的状态→多产生→ 慷慨）
大学英语专业综合教程第三册Unit11课文及单词
1. If your friend is in a new dress or buys a new mobile phone which you dislike intensely, and asks for your opinion about it, what will you say? Why do you think people lie?2. If somebody lies to you for your own good, how would you feel?At the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, psychology professor Bella DePaulo got 77 students and 70 townspeople to volunteer for an unusual project. All kept diaries for a week, recording the numbers and details of the lies they told.One student and six Charlottesville residents professed to have told no falsehoods. The other 140 participants told 1535.The lies were most often not what most of us would call earth-shattering. Someone would pretend to be more positive or supportive of a spouse or friend than he or she really was, or feign agreement with a relative's opinion. According to DePaulo, women in their interactions with other women lied mostly to spare the other's feelings. Men lied to other men generally for self-promoting reasons.Most strikingly, these tellers-of-a-thousand-lies reported that their deceptions caused them "little preoccupation or regret." Might that, too, be a lie? Perhaps. But there is evidence that this attitude towards casual use of prevarication is common.For example, 20,000 middle-and high-schoolers were surveyed by the Josephson Institute of Ethics — anonprofit organization in Marina del Rey, California, devoted to character education. Ninety-two per cent of the teenagers admitted having lied to their parents in the previous year, and 73 per cent characterized themselves as "serial liars," meaning they told lies weekly. Despite these admissions, 91 per cent of all respondents said they were "satisfied with my own ethics and character."Think how often we hear the expressions "I'll call you" or "The check is in the mail" or "I'm sorry, but he stepped out." And then there are professions —lawyers, pundits, public relations consultants —whose members seem to specialize in shaping or spinning the truth to suit clients' needs.Little white lies have become ubiquitous, and the reasons we give each other for telling fibs are familiar. Consider, for example, a corporate executive whom I'll call Tom. He goes with his wife and son to his mother-in-law's home for a holiday dinner every year. Tom dislikes her "special" pumpkin pie intensely. Invariably he tells her how wonderful it is, to avoid hurting her feelings."What's wrong with that?" Tom asked Michael Josephson, president of the Josephson Institute. It's a question we might all ask.Josephson replied by asking Tom to consider the lie from his mother-in-law's point of view. Suppose that one day Tom's child blurts out the truth, and she discovers the deceit. Will she tell her son-in-law, "Thank you for caring so much"? Or is she more likelyto feel hurt and say, "How could you have misled me all these years? And what else have you lied to me about?"And what might Tom's mother-in-law now suspect about her own daughter? And will Tom's boy lie to his parents and yet be satisfied with his own character?How often do we compliment people on how well they look, or express our appreciation for gifts, when we don't really mean it? Surely, these "nice lies" are harmless and well-intended, a necessary social lubricant. But, like Tom, we should remember the words of English novelist Sir Walter Scott, who wrote, "What a tangled web we weave, when first we practice to deceive."Even seemingly harmless falsehoods can have unforeseen consequences. Philosopher Sissela Bok warns us that they can put us on a slippery slope. "After the first lies, others can come more easily," she wrote in her book Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life. "Psychological barriers wear down; the ability to make more distinctions can coarsen; the liar's perception of his chances of being caught may warp."Take the pumpkin-pie lies. In the first place, it wasn't just that he wanted his mother-in-law to feel good. Whether he realized it or not, he really wanted her to think highly of him. And after the initial deceit he needed to tell more lies to cover up the first one.Who believes it anymore when they're told that the person they want to reach by phone is "in a meeting"? By itself, that kind of lie is of no great consequence.Still, the endless proliferation of these little prevarications does matter.Once they've become common enough, even the small untruths that are not meant to hurt encourage a certain cynicism and loss of trust. "When [trust] is damaged," warns Bok, "the community as a whole suffers; and when it is destroyed, societies falter and collapse."Are all white lies to be avoided at all costs? Not necessarily. The most understandable and forgivable lies are an exchange of what ethicists refer to as the principle of trust for the principle of caring, "like telling children about the tooth fairy, or deceiving someone to set them up for a surprise party," Josephson says. "Still, we must ask ourselves if we are willing to give our friends and associates the authority to lie to us whenever they think it is for our own good."Josephson suggests a simple test. If someone you lie to finds out the truth, will he thank you for caring? Or will he feel his long-term trust in you has been undermined?And if you're not sure, Mark Twain has given us a good rule of thumb. "When in doubt, tell the truth. It will confound your enemies and astound your friends."New words:volunteerv. to give or offer (one's help, a suggestion, etc.) willingly or without being paidprofessv. to make a claimfeignv. to pretend to have or bepreoccupationn. the state of constantly thinking or worrying about somethingprevaricationn. the state of avoiding giving a direct answer or making a firm decisionseriala. of, in or forming a number of things, events, etc. of a similar kind, especially placed or occurring one after anotherethicsn. moral correctness; moral principlespunditn. a person who is an authority on a particular subject; an expertconsultantn. a person who gives specialist professional advice to othersfibn. a small unimportant liedeceitn. dishonest act or statementlubricantn. a substance such as oil which cause a machine to operate more easilytanglev. to make or become a mass of disordered and twisted threadswear downto reduce or become weaker until uselessperceptionn. the ability to see, hear and understand; the quality of understandingwarpv. to (cause to) turn or twist out of shapeproliferationn. a rapid increase in the amount or number of somethingcynicismn. the belief that people always act selfishlyfalterv. to lose power or strength in an uneven way, thus no longer making much progressassociaten. a person who is connected to another person as a businesspartner, colleague, or companionunderminev. to gradually make somebody or something less strong or effectiveconfoundv. to confuse and greatly surprise people, causing them to be unable to explain or deal with a situationastoundv. to make somebody very surprised or shocked, especially with (news of) something completely unexpected。
大学思辨英语教程 精读2课件Unit 11
Background Knowledge
The novel established many of the themes that were to occupy Sillitoe throughout his life: social injustice, the “bunker” mentality of the working class, the mindlessness of their only realistic employment and the consequent banality and ephemerality of their lives. In his earliest work, before his powerful sense of social injustice began to dominate his fiction, Sillitoe created plausible, complex youths who rebelled against the establishment, epitomised by parent, policeman and boss. Inevitably his work chimed at a time when youth culture and adolescent anger were beginning to dominate the media through the work of John Osborne, Brando, James Dean, JD Salinger and the still-embryonic pop music.
• Analyze the issue of children being affected by marital problems in movies and literatures from different cultures
高英unit 11 The future of the English.部分教案
Teaching PlanTeaching Material: Unit 11“The Future of the English” in An Advanced English Course (Second Edition), Book 2Guiding Principle: Multi-media aids are utilized in the classroom, and reading is integrated with listening, speaking, and writing to develop students’ overall language skills. However, emphasis of this period is placed on reading and writing to enhance students’ understanding of the text and its writing techniques.Teaching Objectives:1.To cultivate students’ basic skills in English language teaching2.To acquire a certain degree of skill in analyzing the structures of “TheFuture of the English”3.To understand the difficult language points in the text “The Future ofthe English”4.To remember some important words and phrasesDifficult & Focal Points:1.Understand some important terms2.Answer some important text questions3. Paraphrasing some sentencesTeaching Procedure:I .Revision (8mins)Guiding students to review what we have learned last time.Q1. What force may play a decisive role in this battle between Admass and Englishness? How?(The future of the English may be shaped by the decision of the now vacillating huge trade unions. It will be shaped by the role they decide to play. They must come down decisively either on the side of Admass or that of Englishness.)Q2.Who are those people who have rejected Admass? What important role can they play?(The following people have rejected Admass: 1) workers in smallish, well-managed and honest enterprises, 2) crusty High Tories who avoid the City and directors’ fees, 3) men and women in the professional classes. The last group of people are the most important for they are articulate and people are ready to listen to them. If the battle with Admass can be won, it will probably be these men and women who will help Englishness to win it.)Q3.What do the future of the English hangs upon?1) The final result of a battle between Admass and Englishness.2) The decision made by English workers together with the people on the management side who will have to put an end to the conflict between Admass and Englishness.3) Men and women who are strong-minded enough to hold the Englishness and reject Admass4) The quieter young, who under the influence of one or two of those professional men and women, far-sighted enough to think what life would be like in the futureII. Detailed Study of the Essay (82mins)i .Content AnalysisInstructing students to understand the content of the text.1. Some important terms:American counterculture: the culture of many people of the 1960 and 1979’s in America manifested by a life style that is opposed to the prevailing cultureMadison Avenue:a street in New York City, the center of the U.S. advertising, so it stands for the American advertising industryHippy California: Hippy or Hippie, any of the young people of the 1960’s who, in their alienation from conventional society, turned variously to mysticism, psychedelic drugs, communal living, and avant-garde arts. California was the center of the Hippie movement.2. Some questionsQ1.what does Priestly think about the young in Enfland?(Priestly divides the English young into two groups. He is dubious about the noisy types, they lack individuality to stand up to Admass. He has more faith in the quieter young, who may have come under the influence of some mature professional men and women. They also might help to swing the battle.)Q2. Why was the writer dubious about the noisy English young?（Lack the individuality /Englishness to reject Admass）Q3. What kind of young might help to swing the battle?(The quieter young English who…. , who….)Q4. According to Paragraph 11, what kind of characteristics do the sloppy English people have and what kind of English people cannot be called the sloppy people?（Easy to get along with, rarely unkind but not dependable; inept, shiftless, slovenly and messy）;(Old-age pensioners and people overworked and underpaid and having some integrity, some individual judgment and real values)Q5.What grim circumstances did the fathers or grand fathers of the sloppy English suffer?(Facing starvation if they don’t work properly or go on strike; told to clear out if they aren’t properly respectful and start answering back; finding themselves the victims of too many hard facts)Q6.why is there widespread boredom in heavily in dustrialized societiest? How does boredom affect the English?(There is widespread boredom in all heavily industrialized society not simply because so much of the work they offer is boring. It is also because, after having got rid of theslow rhythms, the traditional skills, the closely connected communitics of rural societies, they crowd people together, excite them by large promises that cannot be kept, so drive them into boredom.When the English are bored they gamble and hit the bottle/drink a lot. They enjoy any dramatic change in public life, any news that encourages excited talk. Bored teenagers, who have not been able to exhaust enough energe during the day time at night to idiot vandalism. Later, if boredom turns into frustration, some of them, take to crime.)3. Paraphrase1. Too many of them ………to join.A large amount of them are lack of the Englishness/the individuality to reject Admass and that will lead them to a much larger group.2. They, too, might help to swing the battle.The quieter young might contribute to reject the Admass and keep Englishness.3. They are inept ……. messy.They are incompetent, lazy, careless and untidy.4.And this……in a civilized society.And this, from my perspective of view, is what should exist in a civilized society.5.he will just be slopping . . . to be doing:He will just be loafing around doing nothing, accepting no responsible tasks or doing the work he is supposed to do poorly or carelessly.6.He will not even find . . . self-respect:He will not even find much satisfaction in his untidy disordered life where he manages to live as a parasite by sponging on people. This kind of life does not help a person to build up any self-respect.Scrounge: to get by cadging; to sponge on people for something; to beg or get by begging7.they have fallen . . . stools:metaphor, fail to be either of two satisfactory alternatives.They do not have the old harsh discipline nor do they have the new self discipline. 8.All heavily industialized . . . business:All heavily industrialized societies create boredom.9.Now the English . . . feel bored:Another point in Priestley’s argument. This explains why the English gamble and drink so much and drastic changes in public life.10.the urban English . . . people:The English people living in cities always seemed to me to be inclined to give falsely heightened emphasis to ordinary events, conversations, etc.11.turn at night to idiot vandalism:Teenagers who have a lot of surplus energy go around at night senselessly destroying public and private property.ConclusionReviewing the whole class and figuring out the difficult and focal points. Requring students to revise the new words and expressions and preview the next part.。
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speculate
1 If you speculate about something, you make guesses about its nature or identity, or about what might happen推测，推断. It would be unfair to Debby's family to speculate on the reasons for her suicide... The doctors speculate that he died of a cerebral haemorrhage caused by a blow on the head... The reader can speculate what will happen next. 2 If someone speculates financially, they buy property, stocks, or shares, in the hope of being able to sell them again at a higher price and make a profit （商业）投机. The banks made too many risky loans which now can't be repaid, and they speculated in property whose value has now dropped.
• in the religious realm, free will implies that individual will and choices can coexist with an omnipotent divinity.
adjective 1 ~ (to sb/sth) strange and frightening; different from what you are used to, thus not usual or acceptable陌生的: an alien environment ◆ In a world that had suddenly become alien and dangerous, he was her only security. ◆ The idea is alien to our religion. 2 (often disapproving) from another country or society; foreign外国(人)的: an alien culture ◆ alien influences that threatened their way of life 3 connected with creatures from another world外星（人）的: alien beings from outer space noun 1 (AmE also non-citizen) (law or technical) a person who is not a citizen of the country in which they live or work外国人: an illegal alien 2 a creature from another world外星人: aliens from outer space
Four-letter chemical alphabet
DNA exists as two long, paired strands spiraled into the famous double helix. There are only four different chemical bases in DNA (adenine腺嘌呤, thymine胸腺嘧啶, cytosine胞核嘧啶, and guanine鸟嘌呤), but they can be arranged and rearranged in countless ways.
dismiss
1 If you dismiss something, you decide or say that it is not important enough for you to think about or consider 不再考虑. I think we can safely dismiss their objections. 2 If you dismiss something from your mind, you stop thinking about it 不再想. I dismissed him from my mind. 3 解雇，开除. ...the power to dismiss civil servants who refuse to work... 4 If you are dismissed by someone in authority, they tell you that you can go away from them 遣散. Two more witnesses were called, heard and dismissed... 5 When a judge dismisses a case against someone, he or she formally states that there is no need for a trial 不予立案，驳回. An American judge yesterday dismissed murder charges against Dr Jack Kevorkian.
• degenerate v堕落；衰退（de坏+gener+ate→往坏产生→堕落） • genesis n起源，创始（gen+esis名词后缀，原指《圣经》中 的创世纪） • genetic a基因的，遗传学的（gen+etic→来自gene基因） • genus n种类，类属（gen+us→生出来就出现[不同]→种 类） • eugenics n优生学（eu好+gen+ics→产生好的→优生学） • congenial a意气相投的（con共同+gen+ial→产生共同[兴趣]→ 情投意合的） • congenital a天生的，与生俱来的（con共同+gen+ital→与生俱 来→天生的） • progeny n子孙，后代（pro向前+geny→向前产生→生命向 前→子孙） • heterogeneous a不同的（hetero异+gen+eous→产生不同的） • homogeneous a同种的（homo同+gen+eous→产生相同的） • engender v产生（en使+gender产生→使产生）
genetic
• • • • gen,gener,genit=birth,produce,表示“出生，产生”" 表示“出生，产生” 表示 generate v 产生；发电（genner+ate →产生[电]等） generation n 产生；一代（(generate+ion) generator n 发电机；生殖者（generate+or→产生[电] 的东西→发电机） • regenerate v 再生，重生（re再+generate) • generous a 慷慨的；丰富的（gener+ous→[不断]产 生→丰富的，慷慨的） • generosity n 慷慨（gener+osity多的状态→多产生→ 慷慨）
The Year of Genome
Matt Ridley
Free Will
自由意志(free will)是一个哲学信条。 它认为，我们的选择最终取决于我们自 己。这个概念涉及决定论(determinism) 、非决定论(indeterminism)、道德责任 (moral responsibility)、现代物理学、神 经病学、精神病学、犹太教、基督教等 诸多哲学概念、科学计；接近 • to add up to sth; to make sth as a total: His earnings are said to amount to £300 000 per annum. ◆ They gave me some help in the beginning but it did not amount to much (= they did not give me much help). • to be equal to or the same as sth: Her answer amounted to a complete refusal.
customized
• Retailors can repackage combinations of components customized for the client. 零售商可以为客户重新包装定制的部件组合。 • She said the show seems customized for her and offers her opportunities to meet some interesting people in the movie and art circles. 她说,这个节目好像专为她量身定作,并让她有机会接触 到影艺界一些有趣的人。 • Digital genome maps will allow lab technicians to create customized prescription, altering individual genes by rewriting lines of computer code. 绘制出数字化基因组图后,实验室技术人员就可以对症 下药,通过改写计算机密码序列改变人体基因。
converge
• ~ (on) (of people or vehicles) to move towards a place from different directions and meet to form a large crowd 聚集；汇集: Thousands of supporters converged on London for the rally. • (of two or more lines, paths, etc.) to move towards each other and meet at a point 交汇，集中: There was a signpost where the two paths converged. • if ideas, policies, aims, etc. converge, they become very similar or the same (思想、观点等)趋近 • Con+verge