2020届高考英语一轮阅读理解热门话题针对训练-文学与艺术类

文学与艺术类1、Many of us listen to music while we work, thinking that it will help us to concentrate on the task at hand. And in fact, recent research has found that music can have beneficial effects on creativity. When it comes to other areas of performance, however, the impact of background music is more complicated.The idea that listening to music when working is beneficial to output probably has its roots in the so-called “Mozart effect”. Put simply, this is the finding that spatial rotation performance(空间旋转能力) is increased immediately after listening to the music of Mozart, compared to no sound at all.How sound affects performance has been the topic of research for over 40 years, and is observed through a phenomenon called the irrelevant sound effect. To study irrelevant sound effect, participants in the research are asked to complete a simple task which requires them to recall a series of numbers or letters in the exact order in which they saw them. The tricky thing is being able to do this while ignoring any background noise.Two key characteristics of the irrelevant sound effect are required for its observation. First, the task must require the person to use their rehearsal abilities(复述能力), and second, the sound must contain acoustical variation(声学变化). Where the sound does not vary much acoustically, the performance of the task is much closer to that observed in quiet conditions.The irrelevant sound effect itself comes from attempting to process two sources of ordered information at the same time—one from the task and one from the sound. Unfortunately, only the former is required to successfully perform the recall task, and the effort in ensuring that irrelevant order information from the sound is not processed actually hinders(阻碍) this ability.A similar conflict is also seen when reading while in the presence of lyrical music. In this situation, the two sources of words—from the task and the sound—are in conflict. The cost is poorer performance of the task in the presence of music with lyrics.What this all means is that whether having music playing in the background helpsor hinders performance depends on the task and on the type of music, and only understanding this relationship will help people maximize their productivity levels.1. “Mozart effect” is mentioned to ________.A. explain how music can relax peopleB. show music can improve performanceC. advise people to listen to Mozart musicD. stress Mozart music gains wide attention2. It can be inferred that participants in the research ________.A. have improved their rehearsal abilityB. perform better in the quiet conditionsC. ignore the background noise successfullyD. prefer the music with great sound variation3. Paragraph 6 is written to ________.A. support an ideaB. make a contrastC. introduce a topicD. describe a fact4. What is the best title for the passage?A. Music shapes your lifeB. Music develops your creativityC. Choose quiet music for your workD. Does music make you concentrate?2、The arts, especially music, should be part of every school's lessons at every grade level. Students would be much smarter if they had some musical experience. They could improve their classroom skills, like paying attention and following directions. People develop all these skills when they learn music. Making music also lets children use their imagination. It provides students with a chance to try out their own ideas.Music not only makes children better students, but also gives them something positive to do. In a music program, children can be part of a band instead of joining a gang (团伙). Parents can enjoy listening to their children's music instead of seeing them glued to a computer or TV screen. In a school band, students get to be part of a team. They can get along well with old friends and make new friends through music.Music builds self-confidence, too. It gives children a sense of achievement and success. Making music is something for them to be proud of, and it lets kids practice performing in front of an audience. Music gives children an opportunity for self-expression, and that helps develop their self-confidence.In a word, music is important because it can make children better students, give them something positive to do, and build their character. That is why music should be offered in every single grade in every school.1.According to the passage, music could make students smarterby .A.improving their classroom skills and paying attentionB.improving their classroom skills and imaginationC.improving their attention, direction and imaginationD.learning music, making music and trying out their own ideas2.What does the underlined phrase “glued to” in the second paragraph mean?A.Unwilling to turn on.B.Always looking.C.Unwilling to leave.D.Always playing.3.The third paragraph mainly tells us that musiccould .A.give children self-expression and self-confidenceB.bring to children achievement and successC.give children something to be proud ofD.develop children’s self-confidence4.What’s the best title for this passage?A.Music is a must as a course at schoolB.Music builds children’s self-confidenceC.Music makes students much smarterD.Learning music and making music3、Auld Lang Syne is a song that everyone drunkenly sings, which marks the start to a brand new year. No one ever seems to know the words (something about forgetting old acquaintances?) or what they mean (why would we want to forget people?), but, in America,it's as much a part of New Years' tradition as wine. But why?The lyrics(歌词) to the song come from a poem written by the great Scottish poet Robert Bums in 1788. Its title is believed to be an old Scottish way of saying “a long time ago. ’’ Phrases like “In the days of auld lang syne” also appear in other Scottish fairy tales and poems, usually as a way of saying “Once Upon a Time. ”While it still causes confusion, it is believed that the opening lines of the song are meant to be rhetorical(夸张的);“Should auld acquaintance b e forgotten,and never brought to mind? Should auld acquaintance be forgotten, and auld lang syne?” therefore means we should have a drink in honor of whatever is passing, and remember old friends.When the Scots immigrated to America in the 19th century, they brought the song with them. But its great popularity can be largely due to the Canadian bandleader Guy Lombardo.In 1965, he explained how he himself came to associate the song with the end of the year to Life magazine:“Auld Lang Syne is o ur theme song—and was long before anyone ever heard us on the radio. In our particular part of western Ontario, where there’s a large Scottish population, it was traditional for bands to end every dance with Auld Lang Syne. We didn't think it was known here.If you want to see the singer in action,check out his final performance on the eve of 1977, after performing for 48 years in a row.1.How might people feel when first hearing the song Auld Lang Syne?A.Confused.B.Moved.C.Energetic.fortable.2.Why do people sing Auld Lang Syne when New Year is coming?A.To hope for good luck.B.To celebrate the New Year.C.In honor of Robert Bums.D.In memory of the past.3.Why is Guy Lombardo mentioned in the text?A.He created the song Auld Lang Syne.B.He made the song Auld Lang Syne more popular.C.He brought the song Auld Lang Syne to America.D.He was the first to sing the song Auld Lang Syne.4.What might be the best title for the text?A.What does Auld Lang Syne Mean?B.Who Makes Auld Lang Syne Popular?C.How does Auld Lang Syne Come into Being?D.Why do People Sing Auld Lang Syne on New Year Eve?4、In the 19th century the novel came into its own. Thousands upon thousands of novels were published. Of those novels, very few are remembered today. However, there are exceptions: the works of Jane Austen一Pride and Prejudice(《傲慢与偏见》),Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》)---for example. They achieved only modest success at first but grew and grew in fame(名声) and reputation.How did Jane Austen become so popular? Of course,the novels are romantic(浪漫的). Everyone knows the love story of Mr Darcy and Elizabeth Bennett (in Pride and Prejudice), and how they overcome their own pride and prejudice to live happily ever after. The lovers are almost as famous today as Romeo and Juliet.But there is more to Austen s popularity than the fact that she wrote about love. The books are very witty(机智的) and ironic(讽刺的), and show a great understanding of society and of people. Pride and Prejudice opens with what must he the most fam ous sentence in the English novel: “It is a truth universally acknowledged(认可), that a single man in possession of a good fortune,must be in want of a wife."The truth,of course, is the opposite: wealthy, unmarried young men are extremely attractive to young women. And women—especially penniless(身无分文) or near-penniless ones—are the subjects of Austen’s tales.Women nowadays may be more equal to men than they were in Jane Austen's day. However,a sense that women still basically live in a world dominated(控制) by men ensures that Austen still has many keen readers.1.What is the point of the article?A.To describe the status of women in Jane Austen's time.B.To promote Jane Austen's novels among teenagers.C.To explore the characteristics of Jane Austen’s novels.D.To analyze why Jane Austen's novels have such a lavSting appeal.2.What can be concluded from the first paragraph?A.Jane Austen wrote a total of four novels in her lifetime.B.Most of the novels written in the 19th century are romances.C.Jane Austen is one of the most successful novelists of the 19th century.D.Jane Austen s novels were a hit when they were first published.3.According to the article,most of the heroines in Austen’s works_______.A.are poor and youngB.are happily marriedC.marry wealthy menD.are penniless but witty4.According to the author, what made Jane Austen's works so popular?a. They are mostly love stories.b. Most of them have a happy ending.c. They are full of wit and irony.d. People can still relate to them today.e. They explain how to succeed in a male-dominated society.A.a,b,cB.a,c,dC.c,d,eD.b,c,e5、Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’E nigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction a nd expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,” explains the Pompidou Centre.The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.1.Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1?A.Optimistic.B.Productive.C.Generous.D.Traditional.2.What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be?A.One of his masterworks.B.A successful screen adaptation.C.An artistic creation for the stage.D.One of the beat TV programmes.3.How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?A.By popularity.B.By importance.C.By size and shape.D.By time and subject.4.What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to?A.Artworks.B.Projects.C.Donations.D.Documents.6、Welcome to the Van Gogh Gallery for information about the life and work of Vincent van Gogh. As a post impressionist painter and one of the most famous artists of all time, Vincent van Gogh has become a model. From growing up in Holland and working as a pastor（牧师）, moving to France and creating an unbelievable collection of artwork, this site takes an in-depth look at Van Gogh's life , his work and the influence he has had on our culture.Van Gogh had many influences on his life including his family and friends, other artists such as Edgar Degas, and his health. To see how each of these affected his life please visit the Important Figures, Artistic Influences and Health sections. For information about how Van Gogh's art has influenced our society today, view the Impact on Art, Cultural References, or News section.If you are interested in adding more Van Gogh to your life, the Van Gogh Gallery has plenty to offer. Download Van Gogh images of some of his most famous paintings as wallpaper for your computer, shop for Van Gogh posters or prints, or check out some of the additional resources available including links to Van Gogh museums andshows. There are even lesson plans from multidiscipline areas for those interested in educating others about Van Gogh's art and life.Van Gogh has influenced generations of young artists worldwide since his time. Today we can see his influence in painting, in poetry and in video. We are happy to display new examples of art that were influenced by Van Gogh in our Van Gogh Community Art section.Tragically, Van Gogh died not knowing the praise his art would receive. He will be forever known as one of the greatest artists of the modern era. Through this website, the Van Gogh Gallery aims to share his life and heritage with the world.1.What’s the function of the Van Gogh Gallery?A.To collect the artworks of Van Gogh.B.To recall people’s memory of Van Gogh.C.To collect experts’ opinions on Van Gogh.D.To provide information about the artist’s life and work.2.What information can you get at the Cultural References?A.How he began his career as a pastor.B.How those around Van Gogh affected his life.C.How he influenced his family and his friends.D.How Van Gogh has influenced today’s society.3.What can we infer about Van Gogh from the passage?A.His artw orks weren’t well received during his lifetime.B.He once worked as a model for painters to make a living.C.His paintings were widely used as wallpapers for computers.D.People widely appreciated his artworks during his lifetime.4.What would be the best title for the passage?A.learn about Van Gogh’s lifeB.welcome to the Van Gogh GalleryC.Van Gogh’s information on younger artists.D.Welcome to an unbelievable collection of artworks.答案1、1.B; 2.B; 3.A; 4.D解析：1．B．词句猜测题．根据文章第二段The idea that listening to music when working is beneficial to output probably has its roots in the so﹣called "Mozart effect"．可知工作时听音乐有利于输出的观点，可能源于所谓的"莫扎特效应"．由此可见，提到"莫扎特效应"，表示音乐可以提高演奏水平．故选B．2．B．推理判断题．根据文章第四段 Where the sound does not vary much acoustically，the performance of the task is much closer to that observed in quiet conditions．可知如果声音在声学上变化不大，则任务的执行更接近于在安静条件下观察到的情况．由此可见，可以推断，研究参与者在安静的环境中表现更好．故选B．3．A．推理判断题．根据文章第六段 A similar conflict is also seen when reading while in the presence of lyrical music． In this situation， the two sources of words ﹣from the task and the sound﹣are in conflict． The cost is poorer performance of the task in the presence of music with lyrics．可知在有抒情音乐的情况下阅读也会出现类似的冲突．在这种情况下，任务和声音中的两个词源是冲突的．成本是在有歌词的音乐的情况下，任务的表现较差．由此可见，此段内容是为了证明上面观点，故选A．4．D．标题判断题．根据文章大意，本文主要讲述了音乐能否提高人们的注意力和生产力，本文通过实验进一步研究"声音效应"对性能的影响．由此可见，Does music make you concentrate？符合题意，故选D．2、1.B; 2.C; 3.D; 4.A解析：1.文章大意:音乐在学生的成长过程中其作用不容忽视,是学校必须的一门课程。