中国人民大学经济学院考博题库
2022年中国人民大学商业经济学考博真题、参考书、联系导师、申请材料、考核内容
2022年中国人民大学商业经济学考博真题、参考书、联系导师、申请材料、考核内容一、招生目录商学院0202Z2-商业经济学①②③申请考核制跨一级学科考生复试加试科目：④经济学基础⑤管理学基础同等学力考生复试加试科目：④经济学基础⑤管理学基础⑥政治理论导师信息导师姓名导师组专业名称商业经济学是否兼职博导是否返聘博导学科专长及研究方向本年度拟招收博士生主要研究的问题在研项目备注 1.外语考试科目：英语导师姓名王晓东专业名称商业经济学是否兼职博导否是否返聘博导否学科专长及研究方向1.商业经济理论2.市场与商品流通本年度拟招收博士生主要研究的问题马克思流通经济理论，新时期流通体制改革在研项目1.国内贸易活动的基础理论综合与研究方法创新（国家社科基金重点项目）备注 1.外语考试科目：英语导师姓名刘向东专业名称商业经济学是否兼职博导否是否返聘博导否学科专长及研究方向1.市场与商品流通本年度拟招收博士生主要研究的问题在研项目备注 1.外语考试科目：英语导师姓名谢莉娟专业名称商业经济学是否兼职博导否是否返聘博导否学科专长及研究方向1.商业经济理论与政策2.国内市场与商品流通本年度拟招收博士生主要研究的问题流通基础理论；数字经济与流通创新；国有经济、流通效率和现代流通体系等。
在研项目1.国家社科基金项目《商品交易形式选择与商业资本的形成机制研究》2.校级案例开发项目《互联网自有品牌零售机制研究》备注 1.外语考试科目：英语导师姓名晏维龙专业名称商业经济学是否兼职博导是是否返聘博导否学科专长及研究方向1.产业经济学2.政府审计、经济监督与国家治理本年度拟招收博士生主要研究的问题双循环与商业产业、商业发展与经济监督在研项目1.更好发挥审计在党和国家监督体系中的重要作用研究（教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目）2.江苏解决发展不平衡不充分问题的对策研究（江苏省社会科学基金重大项目）备注 1.外语考试科目：英语导师姓名程红专业名称商业经济学是否兼职博导是是否返聘博导否学科专长及研究方向1.流通理论与政策本年度拟招收博士生主要研究的问题流通理论与政策在研项目备注 1.外语考试科目：英语导师姓名石明明专业名称商业经济学是否兼职博导否是否返聘博导否学科专长及研究方向1.市场、流通与贸易2.新消费与创新、线上线下竞争、经济改革与机制设计本年度拟招收博士生主要研究的问题新消费与创新、线上线下竞争、经济改革与机制设计在研项目备注 1.外语考试科目：英语导师姓名王强专业名称商业经济学是否兼职博导否是否返聘博导否学科专长及研究方向1.零售创新与数字化转型2.新消费与数智经济本年度拟招收博士生主要研究的问题新零售的数字化能力构建、商业模式创新的案例研究；零售数字化影响企业绩效的机制研究；新消费的内涵、统计指标、测度、拉动经济转型的研究在研项目1.零售数字化能力构建、数字商业模式创新及其影响企业绩效的机制（商学院数字化转型科学研究基金项目）2.新消费模式和服务体系建设研究（国家发展改革委员会课题项目）3.发展消费新业态新模式，促进线上线下消费融合发展的现状与路径研究（国家发展改革委员会课题项目）备注 1.外语考试科目：英语学习方式：经我校审核批准的中国人民大学正式在编在岗教职工在基本学习年限内非全日制学习。
中国人民大学考博英语词汇试题答案
中国人民大学考博英语词汇试题答案一、根据中国人导大学华慧教育纲规定,每年词汇题共40小题，每小题0.5分，共20分。
预计测试时间（45分钟），以下为华慧考博网教务团队编著资料。
81. It is rather that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today.[A ] misleading [ B ] embarrassing[ C ] boring [ D ] demanding82. In one scene of Modem Times Charlie Chaplin was shown trying __ to keep in time with a rap-id assembly line.[ A ] aimlessly [ B ] violently[ C ] hardly [ D ] desperately83. I a letter to an Internet service that distributes journalists' questions to more than 75 institu-tions.[ A ] assigned [ B ] dispatched[ C ] attached [ D ] detached84. It is strictly that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.[ A ] secured [ B ] forbidden[ C ] regulated [ D ] determined85. Where in our brain do we _-- meanings to words.'?[ a ] associate [ B ] attach[ C ] commit [ D ] devote86. Professor Smith and Professor Brown will __ in giving the class lectures.[ a ] alter [ B ] change[ C ] alternate [ D ] differ87. When the engine would not start, the mechanic inspected all the parts to find what was at[ A ] wrong [ B ] trouble[ C ] fault [ D ] difficulty88. He was __ enough to understand my questions from the gestures I made.[ A ] intelligent [ B ] efficient[ C ] proficient [ D ] diligent89. My supply of confidence slowly ~ as the deadline approached.[ A ] elapsed [ B ] eliminated[ C ] exterminated [ D ] diminished90. When a student graduates, he gets his[ A ] certificate [ B ] bachelor[ C ] degree [ D ] diploma91. A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough __[ A ] nuisance [ B ] trouble[ C ] worry [ D ] anxiety92. The joys of travel, having long ~ the disabled, are opening up to virtually anyone who has themeans.[ A ] omitted [ B ] neglected93. From this material we can __ hundreds of what you may call direct products.[ A ] derive [ B ] discern[ C ] diminish [ D ] displace94. In spite of Spanish origin, Brazil also has certain things which make her __[ A ] specific [ B ] distinguished[ C ] specialized [ D ] distinctive95. All experts agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully __ the risksand benefits.[ A ] weighing [ B ] valuing[ C ] evaluating [ D ] distinguishing96. I didn't say anything like that at all. You are purposely my idea to prove your point.[ A] revising [ B ] contradicting[ C ] distorting [ D ] distracting97. The remarkable __ of life on the Galapagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to establish histheory of evolution.[ A ] classification [ B ] variety[ C ] density [ D ] diversion98. Children are __ to have some accidents as they grow up.[ a ] obvious [ B ] indispensable[ C ] bound [ D ] doubtless99. When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them __[ A ] off [ B ] aside 华慧考博网[ C ] out [ D ] down100. Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes __ to American audiences.[ a ] deal [ B ] over[ C ] across [ D ] down101. More than two hundred years ago the United States __ from the British Empire and became anindependent country.[ A ] got off [ B ] pulled down[ C ] broke away [ D ] dropped off102. During the __ farmers took all the troubles to irrigate their crops.[ A ] draught [ B ] naught[ C ] fraught [ D ] drought103. Recently a number of cases have been reported of young children __ a violent act previouslyseen on television.[ A ] modifying [ B ] stimulating[ C ] accelerating [ D ] duplicating104-. Although not an economist himself, Dr. Smith has long been a severe critic of the government's__ policies.[ A ] economical [ B ] economy[ C ] economic [ D ] economics105. To the situation, the president of the university put a series of new policies into practice.[ A ] measure [ B ] conflict[ C ] counter [ D ] efficiency106. In the Persian Gulf area, oil is found in __ and itsproduction has been able to keep up withworld demand.[ A ] elaboration [ B ] abundance[ C ] elegance [ D ] efficiency107. The tourist is forbidden to enter a country if he does not have a(an) ____ passport.[ A ] operative [ B ] valid[ C ] effective [ D ] efficient108. The new secretary has written a remarkably report only in a few pages but with all the de-tails.[ A ] concise [ B ] clear[ C ] swinging [ D ] elaborate109. The government will be better able to __ other problems because it won't be caught up inplanning ahead for future population growth.[ A ] tackle [ B ] challenge[ C ] relieve [ D ] eliminate110. She once again went through her composition carefully to .-- all spelling mistakes from it.[ A ] withdraw [ B ] diminish[ C ] abandon [ D ] eliminateI 11. The statue would be perfect but for a few small __ in its base.[ A ] mistakes [ B ] weaknesses[ C ] haws [ D ] errors112. The person who __ this type of research deserves our praise.[ A ] originated [ B ] manufactured[ C ] generated [ D ] estimated113. Before he started the work, I asked the builder to give me an of the cost of repairing theroof.[ A ] assessment [ B ] estimate[ C ] announcement [ D ] evaluation114. Foreign disinvestment and the __ of South Africa from world capital markets after 1985 furtherweakened its economy.[ A ] displacement [ B ] elimination[ C ] exclusion [ D ] exception[ a ] exceedingly [ B ] excessively[ C ] extensively [ D ] exclusively116. In such a changing and complex society, formerly simple solution to informational needs become[ a ] confusing [ B ] acceptable[ C ] complicated [ D ] feasible117. The of the clock showed that it was time for lunch.[ a ] fingers [ B ] arms[ C ] hands [ D ] figures118. It is a common theme in many science fiction stories that the world may one day be __ by in-sects.[ a ] broken in [ B ] run over[ C ] taken over [ D ] filled in119. Mrs. Lackey was awakened by the ringing of the bedside phone 12 hours after her husband's boat had[ a ] wrecked [ B ] collapsed[ C ] decayed [ D ] fired120. He does not __ as a teacher of English as his pronunciation is terrible.[ a ] equal [ B ] match[ C ] qualify [ D ] fit。
人大国民经济学考研真题-真题资料
人民大学经济学院国民经济学考研备考指导-育明考研考研真题，考研资料，考研分数线，考研大纲，考研经验，状元笔记，专业课资料，复试保过，复试真题，考研参考书一、2016年人大经济学院802经济学综合考研真题（育明考研）政治经济学部分：1、为什么说劳动是商品价值的唯一源泉。
（育明强调过的题目，劳动价值论的问题，难吗，肯定不难，送分题。
）2、资本原始积累的实质是什么？其和资本积累的联系与区别是什么？（这个题目出乎很多人的意料，其实非常简单，只要把政治经济学的内容答上。
）3、甲乙丙三块地生产小麦，每块地投入100元资本，平均利润率10%，每块地交绝对地租10元。
甲地产量75公斤，乙地产量65公斤，丙地产量60公斤。
求（1）每公斤小麦的社会价值是多少？（2）甲地和乙地的级差地租是多少？（3）三块土地总共交了多少地租。
（看到这道题时育明的学员和老师表示很淡定，这道题与2015年的题相似度不小，我们非常重视命题趋势，有的学生说毕竟这么多年来两年连续考相同知识点的可能性很小，结果2016年……，这再次看出又是师生博弈的结果，为了打破政经计算题隔年考一次和不再重复考相同知识点的“一致性预期”，这招快准狠，如果准备足了也就简单，没咋重视就遗憾了叩叩：八九三二四一二二六））4、（前面有一段废话，不记得了）如何从政治经济学的角度来理解土地价格？为什么没有价值的土地会有价格？（难度不大，容易拿分。
）微观经济学部分2016年的微观都是计算题，没有简答题，这么一来之前每年微观都是考三计算一简答的“规律”也被打破了，不过就难度而言，感觉用高鸿业的书就能应付，白费了那么长时间去看尼克尔森和平新乔18讲，不过2017年考试准备可以不看尼克尔森吗？还是前面的话，这得看出题人心情和你的运气了。
5、考的是行业供给曲线，挺简单的。
（育明点评：这道题是基础题，但与18讲162页第4题十分相似，这种题比较常规，故不多言。
）6、考的是效用函数和征税（点评：此题也比较常规，第二问如果先前做过类似的应该也就还好，第三问在比较时，算出的数值比较大导致两者不好比较（虽然肯定是所得税导致的效用损失更小）7、考古诺模型和反弹性公式（这道题前两问也是常规题，而且2015年也考过了古诺模型，所以原本预期今年会考垄断或者其他什么的，看来，出题人偏不按套路出牌，要的就是超预期啊!最后一问看起来很唬人的样子）8、考的2*2的一般均衡。
2002年中国人民大学考博英语真题试卷(精选)(题后含答案及解析)
2002年中国人民大学考博英语真题试卷（精选）(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．He seemed reluctant to send his troops in an effort to discourage the______peasants.A．animatedB．rebelliousC．creasedD．impassive正确答案：B解析：本题意为“他似乎不太愿意用他的军队去阻止起义的农民”。
rebellious 的意思是“反叛的，反抗的”，如：a rebellious behaviour(反叛行为)。
其他三项animated“活泼的，生动的”，creased“有折痕的”，impassive“冷漠的”都不符合题意，因此正确答案为B。
2．The company will______to its agreement, no matter how costly the process may be.A．retainB．alterC．abandonD．adhere正确答案：D解析：本题意为“该公司将信守协议，不论这一过程的代价有多大”。
adhere 的意思是“坚持”，与to构成常用词组，如：I will adhere to this opinion until contrary facts appear．(如果没有相反的事实，我将坚持我的意见。
)其他三项retain“保持，保留”，alter“改变”，abandon“放弃，遗弃”都与题意不符，因此D项为正确答案。
3．The drug store at the corner of our street sells aspirins and______penicillin prescriptions.A．dispensesB．disposesC．dispersesD．dispatches正确答案：B解析：本题意为“街角上的药店出售阿斯匹林和处方盘尼西林”。
中国人民大学经济学院经济史考博辅导真题3
第二部分：复试分数线、招生人数、参考书目
年份 进 入 复 试 人 数 /录 取 人 数 （不含硕博连读） 2012 外语 55 分专业一 60 分专业二 60 分总分 180 114 人/79 人 年 分 2013 外语 55 分专业一 60 分专业二 60 分总分 180 93 人/75 人 年 分 2014 外语 55 分专业一 60 分专业二 60 分总分 180 104 人/76 人 年 分 2015 外语 55 分专业一 60 分专业二 60 分总分 180 106 人/80 人 年 分 育明教育姜老师解析： 1、人大经济学院的复试分数线并不是非常高，但考生之间拉开的分差却是比较 大的。在初试的三门科目中英语拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常 大。要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。而专业课的复习备考 中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要，更多内容可以联 系育明教育姜老师，电话是一五三 一一二二 零二零零，球球是一七三 七五零 三四九八，只有掌握了充分的考试信息确定了正确的复习方向才能够拥有足够 的竞争力。 2、总成绩=初试总分/3*50%+复试总分/2*50%(初复试各占 50%)。录取中导师比 较看重初试的成绩，历年初试的排名顺序与最终排名顺序相差较小。 复试分数线
资料来源：育明考研考博
第四部分：考博真题 2012 年中国人民大学经济学专业考博专业一“经济理论”真题
一、宏观经济学部分 1、什么是资本黄金水平？如何判断一国资本处在大于或小于资本黄金水平？中 国资本积累过高，我国采取哪些来影响资本积累过高？ 2、“流动性陷阱”约束下的货币扩张性影响？ 3、新古典经济学（NEC）怎样说明政策的无效性？ 二、政治经济学部分 1.资本论中的经济危机理论 2.为什么说资本主义生产过程是劳动过程和价值增值过程的统一 3.什么是平均利润。其形成机制是什么，对超额利润的影响 三、微观经济学部分 1.根据效用函数求支出函数和希克斯需求曲线 2.一个实证分析关于酒精饮料的需求价格弹性对它征税相关的酒精饮料为什么 理论上需求弹性低。为什么库克的回归结果弹性是-1.8。对它征税有没有用应该 用什么政策。
中国人民大学经济学考博真题
考博详解与指导中国人民大学商学院博士入学考试经济学试题专业：企业管理、技术经济和管理、财务管理、产业经济学、流通经济学时间：2002一、论市场经济理论与实践（50）二、入世与我国产业结构调整（50）时间：2003一、分析通货紧缩的原因及治理对策（40）二、试析中国大陆对外开放政策的经济含义（30）三、试论国有经济管理体制改革与经济发展的关系（30）时间:2004一、论述经济活动中边际效益递增的条件和选择策略（25）二、试述技术变革对市场结构的影响（25）三、试分析我国经济高速增长下劳动工资趋向（25）四、试分析我国生产要素总供给和总需求及当前经济情况（25）时间：2005一、试分析周期理论主要流派（25）二、试用结构-行为-绩效框架分析我国市场经济结构及其效应（25）三、试用社会成本、企业成本（私人成本）和政府矫正外部性政策原理，论述循环经济与可持续发展的关系（25）四、使用规模经济理论，分析企业兼并或收购的经济效应（25）时间：2006一、论述垄断竞争市场的特点及其资源配置二、论述熊彼特的周期理论，并分析我国多数产业产能过剩的原因及影响三、论述技术变革对生产函数、成本函数的影响，利用微笑利润曲线论述技术变革的作用.四、论述在市场经济条件下，一国的国际收支能够做到自动调节时间：2007一、试述现代经济学对企业性质的观点（20）二、试用效用理论评价产品价格及品质对产业竞争力的影响（20）三、试论全球化与信息化背景下中国民族企业发展战略（30）四、试用IS-LM-BP模型解释当前中国宏观经济状况形成机理及对企业经营环的影响（30）时间：2008一、什么是沉没成本？沉没成本对企业决策行为有什么影响？二、论述财政政策和货币政策的相互关系。
三、论述支持价格和限制下个的特征及效应四、请用怕累托改进评价中国三十年来的成就。
第一部分、传统面试问题（Sample Traditional Interview Questions）1、What can you tell me about yourself?（关于你自己，你能告诉我些什么？）这一问题如果面试没有安排自我介绍的时间的话。
2013年中国人民大学经济学院考博真题
政治经济学：1.资本论中的经济危机理论2.为什么说资本主义生产过程是劳动过程和价值增值过程的统一3.什么是平均利润。
其形成机制是什么。
对产业接哦故的影响微观经济学1.根据效用函数求支出函数和希克斯需求曲线2.一个实证分析关于酒精饮料的需求价格弹性对它征税相关的酒精饮料为什么理论上需求弹性低。
为什么库克的回归结果弹性是-1.8。
对它征税有没有用应该用什么政策宏观经济学1.论述从哈罗德多马到索罗模型到新增长模型的现代增长理论发展趋势2.关于货币和通货膨胀的关系，货币主义和凯恩斯主义的观点有什么区别，为什么又这些区别经济学说史1.为什么说配第是英国古典政治经济学的第一人2.评述魁奈的经济表3.评述和比较西斯蒙第和马尔萨斯的经济危机理论。
2013年人大考博经济学院专业试题：考博考了高微高宏、专业课、还有政经。
宏观：1.从哈罗德多马模型到索罗模型到新增长理论，现代经济增长理论的发展趋向是什么？2.在货币与通货膨胀关系上，货币主义与凯恩斯主义有什么区别？为什么？高微：考了希克斯需求和支出函数的计算，以及需求价格弹性。
不难专业课出了三道大题：1. 中国宏观经济政策是怎样调控中国经济周期的2. 中国城镇化发展模式与政府职能转变之间的关系3. 预测经济增长有哪些工具和方法，这些方法有什么优点和缺点？决定经济增长的因素有哪些？我国经济增长速度在2012为什么放缓？政经：1.《资本论》中关于经济危机的内容。
2.为什么说资本主义生产过程是劳动过程和价值增值过程的统一。
3.什么是平均利润？平均利润是怎样形成的？对于形成合理的产业结构有什么意义？。
人大考博英语(2010-2017)
历年真题2017年中国人民大学博士研究生入学考试英语试题PartⅡReading Comprehension(40%)Directions:There are4reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B, C and D．You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET．Questions16to20are based on the following passage．Sometimes,over a span of many Years,a business will continue to grow,generating ever-increasing amounts of cash,repurchasing stock,paying increased dividends,reducing debt, opening new stores,expanding production facilities,moving into new markets,etc.,while at the same tune its stock price remains stagnant(or even falls)．When this happens,the average and professional investors alike tend to overlook the company because they become familiar with the trading range．Take,for example,Wal-Mart.Over the past five years,the retailing behemoth has grown sales by over80％,profits by over100％,and yet the stock price has fallen as much as 30％during that timeframe.Clearly,the valuation picture has changed.An investor that read the annual report back in2000or2001might have passed on the security,deeming it too expensive based on a metric such as the price to earnings ratio.Today,however,the equation is completely different--despite the stock price,WalMart is,in essence,trading at half its former price because each share is backed by a larger dividend,twice the earnings power, more stores,and a bigger infrastructure.Home Depot is in much the same boat,largely because some Wall Street analysts question how fast two of the world's largest companies can continue to grow before their sheer size slows them down to the rate of the general economy．Coca-Cola is another excellent example of this phenomenon.Ten years ago,in1996, the stock traded between a range of$36．10and$54．30per share.At the time,it had reported earnings per share of$1．40and paid a cash dividend of$0．50per share.Corporate per share book value was$2．48．Last year,the stock traded within a range of$40．30 and$45．30per share;squarely in the middle of the same area it had been nearly a decade prior!Yet,despite the stagnant stock price,the2006estimates Value Line Investment Survey estimates for earnings per share standaround$2．16(a rise of54％),the cash dividend has more than doubled to$1．20, book value is expected to have grown to$7．40per share(a gain of nearly300％),and the total number of shares outstanding(未偿付的，未完成的)has actually decreased from2．481 billion to an estimated2．355billion due to the company's share repurchase program．16．This passage is probably a part of______．A．Find Hidden Value in the Market B．Become RicherC．Get Good Bargains D．Identify Good Companies17．The italicized word“stagnant”(line4,Para.1)can be best paraphrased as______．A．prominent B．terrible C．unchanged D．progressing18．Wal-Mart is now trading at a much lower price becauseA．it has stored a large quantity of goodsB．it has become financially more powerfulC．it has been eager to collect money to prevent bankruptcyD．it is a good way to compete with other retailing companies19．All the following are shared by Wal-Mart and Coco-Cola EXCEPT______．A．the cash dividend has increasedB．the earning power has become strongerC．both businesses have continued to growD．the stock price has greatly decreased20．According to the author,one had better______．A．buy more shares when the stock price falls downB．sell out the shares when the stock price falls downC．do some research on the value.of a business when its stock price falls downD．invest in the business when its stock price fails downQuestions21to25are based on the following passage．Today's college students are more narcissistic(自恋的)and self-centered than their predecessors,according to a comprehensive new study by five psychologists who worry that the trend could be harmful to personal relationships and American society．“We need to stop endlessly repeating'You're special'and having children repeat that back,”said the study's lead author,Professor Jean Twenge of San Diego State University.“Kids are self-centered enough already.”“Unfortunately,narcissism can also have very negative consequences for society,including the breakdown of close relationships with others,”he said.The study asserts that narcissists“are more likely to have romantic relationships that are short-lived,at risk for infidelity,lack emotional warmth,and to exhibit game-playing, dishonesty,and over-controlling and violent behaviors”.Twenge,the author of“Generation Me：Why Today's Young Americans Are More Confident,Assertive,Entitled--and More Miserable Than Ever Before”,said narcissists tend to lack empathy,react aggressively to criticism and favor self-promotion over helping others．Some analysts have commended today's young people for increased commitment to volunteer work.But Twenge viewed even this phenomenon skeptically,noting that many high schools require community service and many youths feel pressure to list such endeavors on college applications．Campbell said the narcissism upsurge seemed so pronounced(非常明显的)that he was unsure if there were obvious remedies.“Permissiveness seems to be a component,”he said.“A potential antidote would be more authoritative parenting.Less indulgence might be called for.”Yet students,while acknowledging some legitimacy to such findings,don't necessarily accept negative generalizations about their generation．Hanady Kader,a University of Washington senior,said she worked unpaid last summer helping resettle refugees and considers many of her peers to be civic-minded.But she is dismayed(气馁；心,)by the competitiveness of some students who seem prematurely focused on career status.“We're encouraged a lot to be individuals and go out there and do what you want,and nobody should stand in your way,”Kader said.“I can see goals and ambitions getting in the way of other things like relationships.”Kari Dalane,a University of Vermont sophomore,says most of her contemporaries are politically active and not overly self-centered.“People are worried about themselves--but in the sense of where are they're going to find a place in the world,”she said.“People want to look their best,have a good time,but it doesn't mean they're not concerned about the rest of the world.”Besides,some of the responses on the narcissism test might not be worrisome,Dalane said.“It would be more depressing if people answered,'No,I'm not special.'”21．According to the passage,a narcissistic person may21．According to the passage,a narcissistic person may______．A．hate criticism B．be dishonest to his/her partnerC．be unwilling to help others D．All the above．22．The italicized word“commended”(line1,Para.3)means______．A．praised B．criticized C．recommended D．disfavored23．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A．Narcissism may result in bad consequences．B．College students are active to participate in volunteer work．C．Some people doubt whether there are remedies to counter the narcissism upsurge．D．Some college students are overly engaged in self-promotion．24．It is implied that______．A．both the researchers and college students are worried about the trend of narcissism B．the researchers and college students disagree on the findings of the studyC．the researchers and college students disagree on some of the findings of the study D．college students are pessimistic about their future25．It is proper to be when you hear someone say“I'm special”．A．objective B．pessimistic C．optimistic D．worriedQuestions26to30are based on the following passage．The House is expected to pass a piece of legislation Thursday that seeks to significantly rebalance the playing field for unions and employers and could possibly reverse decades of declining membership among private industries．The Employee Free Choice Act would allow a union to be recognized after collecting a majority of vote cards,instead of waiting for the National Labor Relations Board to oversee a secret ballot election,which can occur more than50days after the card vote is completed．Representatives of business on Capitol Hill oppose the bill.The National Association of Manufacturers,The National Federation of Independent Business,the U.S.Chamber of Commerce and other business groups oppose the shift away from secret ballots saying the change could threaten the privacy of the workers.“This isn't about preventing increased unionization, it's about protecting rights”,said the National Association of Manufacturer's Jason Straczewski, of his organization's opposition to bill.Straczewski says eliminating the secret-ballot step would open up employees to coercion(旨迫,胁迫)from unions．Samuel of the AFL-CIO contends the real coercion comes from employers.“Workers talking to workers are equals while managers talking to workers aren't,”Samuel said.He cites the31,358cases of illegal employer discrimination acted on by the National Labor Relations Board in2005．Samuel also points out that counter to claims from the business lobby,the secret ballot would not be eliminated.The change would only take the control of the timing of the election out of the hands of the employers.“On the ground,the difference between having this legislation and not would be the difference between night and day,”said Richard Shaw of the Harris County Central Labor Council,who says it would have a tremendous impact on the local level．The bill has other provisions(规定，条款)as well.The Employee Free Choice Act would also impose binding arbitration(促裁)when a company and a newly formed union cannot agree on a con-tract after3months.An agreement worked out under binding compulsory arbitration would be in effect for2years,a fact that Straczewski calls,“borderline unconstitutional”.“I don't see how it will benefit employees if they're locked into a contract,”said Straczewski．The bill's proponents point to the trend of recognized unions unable to get contracts from unwilling employers.The Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service,the organization that oversees arbitration,reported that in2004,45percent of newly formed unions were deniedfirst contracts by employers.The bill would also strengthen the penalties for companies that illegally coerce or intimidate employees.As it stands,the law on the books hasn't changed substantially since the National Labor Relations Act was made into law in1935．The NLBR can enforce no other penalty than reinstating wrongfully fired employees or recovering lost wages．26．Which of the following statements best summarizes the main idea of the passage?A．House bill aims to spur labor union growth．B．House bill aims to counter labor union growth．C．Employee Free Choice Act aims to spur employment．D．Employee Free Choice Act aims to raise employees'income．27．According to its opponents,the bill______．A．will protect employees'rightsB．will benefit workers by binding contractsC．will empower unions too muchD．makes it possible for employees to yield to coercion from unions28．The word“it”(line5,Para.5)refers to______．A．the change B．the legislationC．the AFL-CIO D．the difference29．People support the bill because of the following reasons EXCEPTA．the bill will probably enable unions to have fewer members of private industries B．the bill will allow a union to be recognized earlier and have a great effect on the local levelC．binding arbitration will be imposed to protect employees if a contract can't be agreed on betweena recently established union and a companyD．the bill will strengthen the punishment for companies which illegally coerce or threaten employ ees30．It is implied that______．A．fewer private industries joined unions in the pastB．workers'coercion often comes from unionsC．the bill will be a win-and-win one for employees and employersD．punishment authorized by the bill will be lighterQuestions31to35are based on the following passage．Some African Americans have had a profound impact on American society,changing many people's views on race,history and politics.The following is a sampling of African Americans who have shaped society and the world with their spirit and their ideals．Muhammad AllCassius Marcellus Clay grew up a devout Baptist in Louisville,Kentucky,learning to fight at age12after a police officer suggested he learn to defend himself.Six years later, he was an Olympic boxing champion,going on to win three world heavyweight titles.He became known as much for his swagger(趾高气扬)outside the ring as his movement in it, converting to Islam in1965,changing his name to Muhammad Ali and refusing to join the U.S.Army on religious grounds.Ali remained popular after his athletic career ended and he developed Parkinson's disease,even lighting the Olympic torch at the1996Atlanta Olympics and conveying the peaceful virtues of Islam following the September11terrorist attacks．W.E．B．Du Bois(William Edward Burghardt Du Bois)Born in1868,this Massachusetts native was one of the most prominent,prolific intellectuals of his time.An academic,activist and historian,Du Bois co-founded the National Associationfor the Advancement of Colored People(NAACP),edited“The Crisis”magazine and wrote 17books,four journals and many other scholarly articles.In perhaps his most famous work,“The Souls of Black Folk”,published in1903,he predicted“the problem of20th century [would be］the problem of the colorline”．Martin Luther King Jr．The Rev.Martin Luther King Jr.is considered one of the most powerful and popular leaders of the American civil rights movement.He spearheaded(带头；作先锋)a massive, nonviolent initiative of marches,sit-ins,boycotts and demonstrations that profoundly affect-ed Americans'attitudes toward race relations.He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in1964．Malcolm XBlack leader Malcolm X spoke out about the concepts of race pride and black nationalism in the early1960s.He denounced the exploitation of black people by whites and developed a large and dedicated following,which continued even after his death in1965．Interest in the leader surged again after Spike Lee's1992movie“Malcolm X”was released．Jackie RobinsonIn1947,Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier by joining the Brooklyn Dodgers, becoming the first black baseball player in the U.S.major leagues.After retirement from baseball in1957,he remained active in civil rights and youth activities.In1962,he became the first African-American to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame．31．Which of the following is NOT true about Muhammad Ali?A．He never served in the army．B．He learned to fight at an early age．C．His popularity decreased after his retirement from boxing．D．He loves peace．32．The italicized word“prolific”(line2,Para.3)is synonymous to______．A．smart B．skilled C．productive D．pioneering33．According to the passage,which of the following statements is NOT true?A．W.E．B．Du Bois was engaged in the cause of promoting the status of colored people．B．Jackie Robinson was denied by U.S.major baseball leagues throughout his life．C．Martin Luther King Jr.was highly awarded for his contributions to the civil rights movements．D．Malcolm X directly or indirectly inspired interest in leadership even after his death．34．What is common among the celebrities mentioned in the passage?A．Each achieved enormous success in his/her field and was highly recognized．B．Each was devoted to his/her cause but didn't win recognition until death．C．All were active and famous in several fields in their lifetime．D．All loved peace and remained active in civil rights activities．35．Which of the following can be a title of the passage?A．Life of Famous African AmericansB．Influence of Famous African AmericansC．Political Pioneers:Icons and intellectualsD．Cultural Pioneers:Icons and intellectualsPartⅢVocabulary(10％)Directions:There are20incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D．Choose the best one that completes the sentence or is nearest in meaning with the underlined word.And then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center．36．The building collapsed because its foundation was not strong enough to______the weightof the building．A．subside B．idealize C．initiate D．sustain37．The actress was very______at the insulting question raised by her opponent at the conference．A．extraterrestrial B．explicit C．indignant D．innovative38．It is known to all that children in this region have strong______to swimming in summer because of the hot weather．A．inclination B．exposure C．flux D．correlation39．The torch was______by a famous athlete at the opening of the sport meeting．A．implement B．deceive C．exemplify D．ignited40．These samples have to be______in certain kind of chemical water in order to protect them．A．immersed B．crisped C．armored D．arrayed41．Her talk at the seminar clearly______from the topic the supervisor expected in the field of sociology．A．alternated B．amplified C．designated D．diverged42．Three years______before he returned home from the United States．A．denoted B．destined C．elapsed D．enveloped43．A______plan needs to be considered and accepted so as to lower the prices in these cities．A．deliberate B．disincentive C．functional D．fantastic44．Sometimes in drawing and designing,the sign X______the unknown number．A．facilitates B．fascinates C．denotes D．jots45．The speaker was very much______by rude words and behavior of the audience in the hall．A．jerked B．incensed C．laced D．limped46．The two countries have developed a______relation and increased a great deal in foreign trade．A．managerial B．lethal C．metric D．cordial47．The doctor's______was that she should go and see the specialist in this field．A．constraint B．counsel C．coherence D．consciousness48．The United Nation Law of the Sea Conference would soon produce an ocean-mining treaty following its______declaration in1970that oceans were the heritage of mankind．A．unanimous B．abstract C．autonomous D．almighty49．They need to move to new and large apartments.Do you know of any______ones in this area?A．evacuated B．empty C．vacant D．vacate50．The bad and damp weather in the hot area would enable the plants to get______quickly．A．decomposed B．denounced C．detached D．deduced51．The government decided to take a(n)______action to strengthen the market management．A．diverse B．durable C．epidemic D．drastic52．The local residents were unhappy about the curfew in this region and decided to______it．A．disgrace B．disguise C．defy D．distress53．They admitted that they shared the same______on the matter．A．potentiality B．sentiment C．Postscript D．subscription54．We cannot be______with him due to his misbehavior at the meeting yesterday．A．pecked B．reconciled C．perturbed D．presumed55．Bad traveling conditions had seriously their progress to their destination in that region．A．tugged B．demolished C．hampered D．destroyedPartⅣCloze(10%)Directions:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C and D．You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET．Sea rise as a consequence of global warming would immediately threaten that large fraction of the globe living at sea level.Nearly one-third of all human beings live within36miles of a coastline.Most of the world's great seaport cities would be56:New Orleans, Amsterdam,Shanghai,and Cairo.Some countries--Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, islands in the Pacific--would be inundated.Heavily populated coastal areas such as in Bangladesh and Egypt,57large populations occupy lowlying areas,would suffer extreme 58．Warmer oceans would spawn stronger hurricanes and typhoons,59in coastal flooding, possibly swamping valuable agricultural lands around the world.60water quality may result as61flooding which forces salt water into coastal irrigation and drinking water supplies, and irreplaceable,natural62could be flooded with ocean water,destroying forever many of the63plant and animal species living there．Food supplies and forests would be64affected.Changes in rainfall patterns would disrupt agriculture.Warmer temperatures would65grain-growing regions pole-wards.The warming would also increase and change the pest plants,such as weeds and the insects66 the crops．Human health would also be affected.Warming could67tropical climate bringing with it yellow fever,malaria,and other diseases.Heat stress and heat mortality could rise.The harmful68of localized urban air pollution would very likely be more serious in warmer 69There will be some70from warming.New sea-lanes will open in the Arctic,longer growing seasons further north will71new agricultural lands,and warmer temperature will make some of today'scolder regions more72But these benefits will be in individual areas.The natural systems --both plant and animal--will be less able than man to cope and73Any change of temperature,rainfall,and sea level of the magnitude now74will be destructive to natural systems and living things and hence to man as well．The list of possible consequences of global warming suggests very clearly that we must do everything we can now to understand its causes and effects and to take all measures possible to prevent and adapt to potential and inevitable disruptions75by global warming．56．A．ascended B．assaulted C．erased D．endangered 57．A．which B．where C．when D．what' 58．A．dislocation B．discontent C．distribution D．distinction 59．A．rebuking B．rambling C．resulting D．rallying 60．A．Increased B．Reduced C．Expanded D．Saddened 61．A．inland B．coastal C．urban D．suburban 62．A．dry-land B．mountain C．wetlands D．forest 63．A．unique B．precious C．interesting D．exciting 64．A．geologically B．adversely C．secretively D．serially 65．A．shift B．generate C．grease D．fuse66．A．hiking B．hugging C．attacking D．activating 67．A．endanger B．accommodate C．adhere D．enlarge68．A．profits B．values C．effects D．interests 69．A．conditions B．accommodation C．surroundings D．evolution 70．A．adjustments B．benefits C．adoptions D．profits 71．A．alternate B．abuse C．advocate D．create72．A．accidental B．habitable C．anniversary D．ambient 73．A．adapt B．alleviate C．agitate D．assert74．A．ascertained B．conformed C．consoled D．anticipated 75．A．tutored B．relayed C．triggered D．reflected PartⅤTranslation from English into Chinese(10%) Directions:Translate the following passage into Chinese,and then write it on the ANSWER SHEET．Understanding this transition requires a look at the two-sided connection between energy and human well-being.Energy contributes positively to well-being by providing such consumer services as heating and lighting as well as serving as a necessary input to economic production. But the costs of energy—including not only the money and other resources devoted to obtaining and exploiting it,but also environmental and sociopolitical impacts—detract from well-being．For most of human history,the dominant concerns about energy have centered on the benefitside of the energy-well-being equation.Inadequacy of energy resources or more often of the technologies and organizations for harvesting,converting,and distributing those resources has meant insufficient energy benefits and hence inconvenience,deprivation and constraints on growth.The1970's,then,represented a turning point.After decades of constancy or decline in monetary costs—and of relegation of environmental and sociopolitical costs to secondary status—energy was seen to be getting costlier in all respects.It began to be probable that excessive energy costs could pose threats on insufficient supply.It also became possible to think that expanding some forms of energy supply could create costs exceeding the benefits．PartⅥWritingDirections:You are asked to write in no less than200words about the title of“Harmful Plagiarism in Academic Field in China”.You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below.Remember to write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET．目前在学术界出现了剽窃和抄袭等不良现象。
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博士生综合考试题库（来源：经济学班）2005年
1、中国近代经济史的主要线索。
2、罗斯福新政的主要经济措施
3、承诺对宏观经济政策有效性的作用
4、逆向选择与劳动市场秩序
1、中国工业化发展阶段判断及其政策选择。
2、“民工荒”对中国经济结构优化的意义。
1、试述国际贸易理论的创新与发展。
2、试述世界服务贸易自由化发展的障碍与背景。
1、试述科学发展观的实质和意义。
2、试论社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度。
3、试述中美贸易矛盾的原因并作出理论与政策分析。
4、试分析温特主义及产业价值链原理对中国产业结构调整的影响。
5、试论影响近期世界经济的不确定性因素。
6、说说对区域经济一体化的影响。
7、试述20世纪90年代以来贸易壁垒的内容及特征
8、购买力平价理论评价。
9、如何完善我国上市公司的治理结构。
10、试述虚拟经济与实体经济的关系。
11、试论近期贸易保护主义的表现。
12、试分析经济全球化与区域经济一体化的关系。
13、说明不完全竞争市场与完全竞争市场的主要区别。
14、说明新古典宏观学与心凯恩斯主义的区别。
15、试论新制度经济学学派的产生。
16、说明新自由主义的产生和发展。
17、比较新古典主义宏观经济学与新凯恩斯主义政策主张的异同点。
18、论经济增长速度与经济增长质量的统一。
19、论旨在建立社会主义市场经济体制的政府改革。
20、如何认识市场失灵和政府失灵。
21、马克思主义经济学是如何研究资源配置的
22、《资本论》是如何研究技术创新的？
23、如何理解劳动生产率与商品价值变化的关系。
24、试述马克思管理二重性的理论及其意义。
25、如何理解马克思“虚假的社会价值”概念？
1、推动社会生产力发展的最具决定性的力量是什么？
2、我国提出的生产要素按贡献参与分配的改革的理论依据是什么?
简要评述罗伯特希勒的行为金融学
参考文献：《行为金融：走向现实的理论》载于《经济导刊》2003年4期
1、试述“华盛顿共识”的主要内容并作出评价
国名经济管理专业：
试论政府对经济进行宏观调控的重要性
试论市场在资本配置中的优点
1、试述东西建立货币联盟的成本与收益
2、试述WTO多边贸易体系存在的弊端
1试论公有制经济和非公有制经济在我国经济阶段的地位和作用
2、怎样理解邓小平理论的社会主义本质理论。
2006年：
世界经济
1、试论述世界经济发展的不平衡及其影响？
2、试析石油价格的变化及我国的对策
国贸：
1、论欧盟东扩对中国经贸的影响
2、贸易保护主义走势评析
世界经济：
1、请分析IS—LM—BP模型的缺陷，这些缺陷是如何诱致开放宏观经济学的新发展。
2、汇率制度是如何决定的？中国汇率制度选择的理论基础是什么？
中国经济史
1、用制度变迁理论解释中国农业土地制度的变革。
2、新中国工业化道路的阶级性变化。
世界经济：
1、中国东盟自由贸易区的发展前景
2、试析一国外汇储备合理规模的基本要素
国贸：
1、说明对本国生产补贴和出口补贴的效果。
2、说明幼稚产业保护的意义和理论依据。
国贸：
1、试述国际贸易理论与政策的创新与发展
2、画图说明关税同盟的经济效应及欧盟的实践。
试比较关税与配额的效用比较
1、试论欧盟经济一体化面临的挑战
2、试述90年代以来跨国公司战略调整的主要内容
3、社会主义市场经济条件下生产条件分配与收入分配之间的关系。
4、论我国开放条件下增强自主创新能力的意义。
网络经济学：
1、论述网络经济的主要特征
2、试述网络产业的竞争与规划
试比较优势原理和比较优势陷阱及其现实意义
论经济结构提升的必要性和相关制度安排
西经：
1、说明外部影响对微观经济的影响以及政府应采取的政策措施。
2、说明新凯恩斯主义经济学的主要理论，并进行相应的评价。
3、说明并评论新古典宏观经济学和新凯恩斯主义经济学的主要分歧。
4、新自由主义经济学主要理论和政策主张评述。
国民经济学：
1、试析政府进行宏观经济调控的必要性。
2、试论市场在资源配置中发挥基础性作用的原因。
政经：
1、试论社会主义公用制与市场经济的结合
2、试述我国现阶段按劳分配为主体、生产要素按贡献参与分配的分配政策的理论依据
西经：
1、试论下列各项在新古典经济学中的位置：
（1）理性人（rational individual）
（2）均衡分析(equilibrium analysis)
（3）有效率市场(efficient market)
2、“资本主义企业必然是低效率的（inefficient）的”联系下列理论，讨论下面问题：（1）X效率理论
（2）效率工资理论
（3）劳动榨取理论
政经：
1、试述我国当前收入分配中的效率与公平的关系。
2、我国金融深化改革中的问题及对策
政经：
1、试述马克思关于“资本主义生产当事人”的理论及其与新古典“经济人”假设的区别。
2、试述马克思的“生产力-生产方式-生产关系”原理，以及资源配置问题在马克思经济学
研究对象中的地位。
西经：
1、运用内生增长理论分析我国经济增长模式的转型问题。
2、分析货币政策有效性的前提条件极其政策含义。
西经：
1、请用西方宏观经济学的有关理论分析近几年来我国宏观经济运行的特点和问题。
2、试述新凯恩斯主义的主要理论成果。
2007年
政治经济学
1 试论政府失灵和市场失灵
2 试论劳动价值论在马克思主义经济学中的分析功能
3 论中国经济增长的转换
西方经济学
1 请分析“理性”概念对新古典经济学的意义，并请试论有关理论文献中的替代概念。
2 请比较分析新古典经济学和马克思主义经济学有关“效率”的理论。
3 试分析规模经济和规模不经济下的古诺竞争，并比较两种情形下的均衡结果。
4 请分析收入分配与经济增长之间的互动关系。
5 试推导具有技术进步的新古典模型，并说明其主要结论。
说明新古典增长理论和内生增长理论的主要差异
经济思想史
1 请分析比较德国历史学派，马克思经济学老制度经济学和熊彼特经济学等异端经济学传统与新古典经济学在哲学基础（方法论）研究主旨和主要理论上的不同。
2 请分析英国古典政治经济学与重商主义及重农学派之间的历史联系和异同点。
3 评析斯密的分工理论
4 评述边际学派在经济思想史中的作用
世界经济
1 试分析中国与欧盟经济关系的现实基础主要矛盾及发展远景。
2 结合国际汇率制度分析我国汇率形成机制改革的主要特点
3结合经济一体化理论分析APEC的发展现状及前景
国民经济学
1笔试
1．从数量分析角度简述魁奈、马克思、列昂惕夫对社会再生产过程的研究。
2．中国经济影响力分析
3．中国经济安全程度分析
4．知识产权与中国经济
5．如何提高经济发展规划的科学性
6．经济模型的拟合度与预测力的关系
经济史
1、新中国建国初期，我国国民经济中有五种经济成分。
试分析五种经济成分并存的必要性，五种经济成分在此后的消长说明了什么？
2、什么是新型工业化道路？是从中国经济发展历史进程正反两个方面的经验教训的角度，分析我国为什么必须要走新型工业化道路？
国际贸易学
1 为什么说中国是贸易大国，但还不是贸易强国。
2 简析入世五年来中国经济的得与失
1.试述经济全球化条件下国际经贸格局的新特点？
2.WTO反对数量限制措施的经济学基础分析。
3.试述哪种国际贸易理论更能解释中国的贸易结构？
4.为什么东亚地区难以形成经济一体化？
5.试述新贸易理论的特点与核心观点？
6.试述一国大量引进FDI对本国贸易条件的影响？
7.新H-O模型是通过改变哪些假定条件，使其能够解释产业内贸易现象的?它又是如何解释产业内贸易的？。