试题二及答案
大学有机化学期末复习三套试题及答案之二
有机化学试题及答案（二）一、命名下列化合物或者写出化合物的名称（共8 题，每题 1 分，共计 8 分）1.CH3CH3CH2CHCHCH 3CH 2CH32.CH 3CH=CCH 3CH 33.NO 2NHNH 24.CH 2CH 3CH 35.CH3CH2CHO6.2， 2-二甲基 -3， 3-二乙基戊烷7.3， 4-二甲基 -2- 戊烯8.α- 甲基 - β- 氨基丁酸二、判断题（共8 小题，每题 2 分，共 16 分）1、由于烯烃具有不饱和键，其中π键容易断裂，表现出活泼的化学性质，因此其要比相应烷烃性质活泼。
（）2、只要含有α氢的醛或者酮均能够发生碘仿反应。
（）3、脂环烃中三元环张力很大，比较容易断裂，容易发生化学反应，通常比其他大环活泼些。
（）4、羧酸在 NaBH 4的作用下能够被还原为相应的醛甚至醇。
（）5、醛酮化学性质比较活泼，都能被氧化剂氧化成相应的羧酸。
（）6、环己烷通常稳定的构象是船式构象。
（）7、凡是能与它的镜象重合的分子，就不是手性分子，就没有旋光性。
（）8、芳香胺在酸性低温条件下，与亚硝酸反应，生成无色结晶壮的重氮盐，称为重氮化反应。
（）三、选择题（共 4 小题，每题 2 分，共 8 分）1、下列物质在常温下能使溴水褪色的是（）A 丙烷B 环戊烷C 甲苯D 乙烯2、羧酸衍生物中，下列哪种最容易水解（）A 酰卤B 酸酐C 酰胺D 酯CH 3CH CCH 33、按照马氏规则，Cl 与 HBr 加成产物是（）BrCH 3CHCHCH 3 CH3CHCHCH 3CH 3CH2CCH 3 CH 3CHCHCH 3A ClB Cl BrC Br ClD Br Br4、下列物质容易氧化的是（）A 苯B 烷烃C 酮D 醛四、鉴别题（共 6 题，每题 4 分，任选 4 题，共计 16 分）（1）乙烷、乙烯、乙炔（2）甲苯、 1-甲基 -环己烯、甲基环己烷Cl CH 2Cl Cl Cl（3）（4）乙醛、丙醛、丙酮CH 2OH CH3OH（5）BrCH 2Br（6）CH3五、选用适当方法合成下列化合物（共7 题，每题 4 分，共 28 分）（1）丙炔异丙醇（2）甲苯邻、对硝基苯甲酸（3） 1-溴丙烷3-溴丙烯CH3CH3CH2CH2 C CH3 CH3C CCH2CH2CH3（4）O CH3(CH 3)2 CHOH (CH 3)2CCOOH(5) OH(6) CH3 CH2CH 2OH HC CCH 3(7) H2C CHCH3 H2C CHCH2COOH六、推导题（共 5 小题，每题 6 分，任选 4 题，共 24 分）1、A、B 两化合物的分子式都是C6H 12，A 经臭氧氧化并与锌和酸反应后得到乙醛和甲乙酮，B 经高锰酸钾氧化只得丙酸，写出 A 和 B 的结构式，并写出相关反应方程式。
管理学基础试题及答案2
管理学基础试题及答案2一、判断题（每小题2.5分，共20分）1．（）企业的规章制度一旦制定出来，就必须不折不扣地加以执行。
2．（）如果管理者在把任务分配给下属的同时，也把相应的权力授予其下属，则日后其下属如果在完成任务中出了差错，该管理者可以不负责任，因为他已将权力下放给下属，下属就应该对完成任务负全责。
3．（）正式组织的领导者是指那些能够影响他人并拥有职位权力的人。
4．（）根据激励理论，消除了工作中的不满意因素便能使人们体会到满意。
5．（）领导是对人的思想和行为产生影响，这种影响力只能建立在职位权力的基础之上。
6．（）管理者通过授权而给下属进行的领导，是一种放任式领导。
7．（）指挥链赋予了主管人员直接命令和指挥其所有下属人员的权力。
8．（）组织中的所有管理人员都毫无例外地对他人的工作好坏负有责任。
二、选择题（每小题2.5分，共25分）1．宗教领袖所具有的权威通常来自：（）A．专长影响力B．个人影响力C．惩罚权D．奖励权2．管理层次的存在是由于：（）A．管理幅度的存在B．美学上的原因C．可使组织更加灵活D．有利于沟通联络3．在下列各种划分部门的形式中，哪一种最有利于培养具有全面管理能力的主管人员？（）A．按人数划分部门B．按职能划分部门C．按地区划分部门D．按时间划分部门4．“士为知己者死”这一古训反映了有效的领导始于：（）A．上下级之间的友情B．为下属设定崇高的目标C．舍己为人D．了解下属的欲望和要求5．以下哪项因素最可能是赫兹伯格所认为的激励因素？（）A．富有挑战性的工作B．良好的人际关系C．较高的工资水平D．完备的管理制度6．商业银行在设计组织结构时，经常设立证券投资部、房地产部、信托投资部等，这是按什么方式进行部门划分？（）A．按职能性质B．按产品性质C．按顾客性质D．按销售渠道7．根据双因素理论，工作环境应该属于：（）A．正强化因素B．激励因素C．负强化因素D．保健因素8．“根据过去工作的情况，去调整未来的行为。
山西自考英语二试题及答案
山西自考英语二试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
A篇In the past few years, there has been a significant increase in the number of people who work from home. This trend has been driven by advancements in technology, which have made it easier for employees to connect with their colleagues and complete their tasks remotely. Working from home offers several benefits, including a better work-life balance and reduced commuting time. However, it also presents challenges such as isolation and the need for self-discipline.1. What is the main reason for the increase in remote work?a) Better work-life balanceb) Technological advancementsc) Reduced commuting timed) Isolation2. What benefits are mentioned in the passage for working from home?a) Increased productivityb) Better work-life balancec) More frequent promotionsd) Higher salaries3. What challenges does remote work present?a) Technological issuesb) Isolationc) Office politicsd) Long working hoursB篇The concept of lifelong learning has gained popularity in recent years. It emphasizes the importance of continuous education and skill development throughout one's life. Lifelong learning can take various forms, from formal education to self-directed learning and online courses. The benefits of lifelong learning are numerous, including personal growth, increased employability, and the ability to adapt to changes in the job market.4. What is the main idea of lifelong learning?a) The importance of formal educationb) Continuous education throughout lifec) The need for online coursesd) The benefits of self-directed learning5. What are some forms that lifelong learning can take?a) Formal education onlyb) Self-directed learning and online coursesc) Job promotions and raisesd) Networking and professional events6. What are the benefits of lifelong learning?a) Personal growth and adaptabilityb) Higher starting salariesc) Increased job securityd) Access to better job titles二、词汇与语法（共30分，每题3分）7. The company has been ________ for its innovative approach to problem-solving.a) criticizedb) recognizedc) ignoredd) forgotten8. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work was not________.a) delayedb) advancedc) canceledd) resumed9. She has a ________ knowledge of French, which allows her to communicate effectively with French speakers.a) limitedb) profoundc) superficiald) basic10. The new policy will come into ________ next month.a) actionb) effectc) forced) operation三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2024年考研英语二试题及答案：完形填空部分带答案
2024年考研英语二试题及答案：完形填空带答案业务课名称：英语考生须知：1.答案必须写在答题纸上，写在其他纸上无效。
2.答题时必须使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔做答，用其他答题不给分，不得使用涂改液。
Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read fhe jollowing fexr. Choose the best word (s) for eachnumbered blank and mark A B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)You social life is defined as the activities you do with other peoplefor pleasure,when you are not working ,It's important to have a sociallife,but what's right for one person won't be right for another.Some of usfeel energised by spending lots of time with others, 1 ,some of usmay feel drained,even if it's doing something we enjoy.This is why finding a 2in your social life is key.Spending toomuch time on your own,not 3 others,can make you feel lonely and 4Loneliness is known to impart onyour mental health and 5 a lowmood.Anyone can feel lonely at any time.This might be especially true if,6 ,you are working from home and you are 7 on the usual sociaconversations that happen in an office.Other life changes can 8 periodsof loneliness too,such as retirement changing jobs or becoming a parent.It's important to recognise these feelings of loneliness .There are waysto9 a social life,but it can feel overwhelming l0 It's a great ideal tostart by thinking about hobbies you enjoy.You can them find groups andactivities related tothose where you will be able to meet 11 people.There are groups almed at new parents.at those who want to 12 a new sport for the first time,or networking events for those in the sameprofession to meet upand 13ideas.On the other hand, it's 14 possible to have too much of a sociallife. lf you fecl like you're always doing something and there is never any15 in your calendar for downtime, you could suffer social burnout orsocial16. We all have our own social limit and it's important torecongnise when you're feeling like it's all too much. Low mood, lowenergy, irritability and trouble sleeping could all be 17 of poorsocialhealth. Make sure you 18 some time in your diary when you're19for socialising and use this time to relax,20and recover.答案1-5题CBADA答案6-10题CABDA答案11-14题DABC。
有机化学实验试题及答案2
有机化学实验试题及答案2有机化学实验试题二一、仪器和装置（25分）1.辨认仪器：将图中各仪器的名称填入下边（）中（10分）1.（）2.（）3.（）4.（）5.（）6.（）7.（） 8.（） 9.（）10.（） 11.（） 12.（）13.（） 14.（） 15.（）16.（） 17.（） 18.（）2.检查装置：下列装置都在今年有机化学实验中使用过，请分别写出各装置的名称（要能完整反映该装置的主要功能）和在今年有机化学实验中使用过此装置的实验名称（三个以上实验，只写三个），并分别指出各装置的装配和操作中存在的错误。
（15分）装置名称：装置名称：装置名称：10.在制备三苯甲醇的实验中，格氏反应所用溶剂通常为（无水乙醚）。
这一方面是因为（乙醚挥发性大），可借（乙醚蒸汽）排开大部分空气，减少（格氏试剂与空气）的接触；另一方面是（乙醚）可与格氏试剂配位络合，以()的形式溶于（乙醚）。
11.重结晶的滤集晶体步骤中常需用新鲜溶剂洗去晶粒表面粘附的母液。
正确的洗涤方法是先（解除真空），再加入少量新鲜溶剂，小心地用刮匙将晶体（挑松），使溶剂浸润全部晶体，然后（重新开始抽气）。
12.芳香醛与羧酸酐在弱碱催化下生成（α，β-不饱和酸）的反应称为（Perkin或佩金）反应。
三、名词解释（25分）1.熔程：从出现第一滴液体到刚刚全部变成均一透明的液体时所经历的温度变化范围。
2.硬板：用加有粘合剂的吸附剂铺制成的薄层层析板。
3.前馏分：在达到液体沸点之前被蒸馏出来的液体。
4.蒸馏：将液体加热气化以及将蒸气冷凝液化并收集的联合操作过程。
5.液泛：由于蒸气压强过高，造成液体在柱中滞留过多的现象。
6.引发剂：在某种条件下可以分解产生自由基并引发化学反应的物质。
一、填空（1）毛细管法测定熔点时，通常用毛细管的内径为，装填样品的高度为。
如果样品未研细，填装不紧密，对测定结果有什么影响。
（2）一个化合物从开始熔化到完全熔化的温度范围称为。
驾考科目二试题及正确答案
驾考科目二试题及正确答案1. 当车辆在坡道上停车时，以下哪项操作是正确的？A. 拉紧手刹B. 挂入空挡C. 踩住离合器D. 以上都是正确答案：D2. 在高速公路上行驶时，遇到紧急情况需要停车，应该：A. 立即停车B. 打开双闪灯，逐渐减速并靠边停车C. 直接驶入应急车道D. 继续行驶寻找服务区正确答案：B3. 驾驶时，遇到行人横穿马路，应该：A. 鸣笛警告B. 减速让行C. 绕过行人D. 加速通过正确答案：B4. 车辆在夜间行驶时，以下哪项操作是正确的？A. 使用远光灯B. 使用近光灯C. 打开雾灯D. 打开双闪灯正确答案：B5. 车辆在转弯时，以下哪项操作是错误的？A. 减速慢行B. 鸣笛警告C. 保持车辆稳定D. 突然加速正确答案：D6. 在雨雪天气驾驶时，以下哪项操作是正确的？A. 保持正常速度行驶B. 增加与前车的距离C. 减少轮胎气压D. 使用紧急制动正确答案：B7. 车辆在高速公路上行驶时，遇到前方车辆突然变道，应该：A. 立即跟随变道B. 保持车速，观察情况C. 鸣笛警告D. 紧急制动正确答案：B8. 驾驶时，遇到交通信号灯显示黄灯闪烁，应该：A. 停车等待B. 减速通过C. 加速通过D. 保持车速通过正确答案：B9. 车辆在行驶过程中，遇到前方有动物横穿马路，应该：A. 鸣笛驱赶B. 减速避让C. 绕过动物D. 加速通过正确答案：B10. 在驾驶过程中，遇到前方有行人正在通过人行横道，应该：A. 鸣笛警告B. 减速让行C. 绕过行人D. 加速通过正确答案：B。
2020年考研英语二真题及答案（完美打印版）
2020年全国硕士研究生入学统-考试英语（二）试题Section I Use or EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A. B. C or D on the A NSWER SHEET. (10 points)Being a good parent is what every parent would like to be. But defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very 1 particularly since children respond differently lo the same style of parenting. A calm rule-following child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than 2 a younger one.3, there's another sort of parent that's easier to 4 ; a parent. Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still , 5 . every parent would like to be patient, this is no easy 6 . sometimes, parents gel exhausted and are unable to maintain a 7 style with their kids. 1 understand this.You're only human, and sometimes your kids can 8 you just a little too far. And then the9 happens: You lose your patience and either scream al your kids or say something that was too10 and does nobody any good. You wish that you could11 the clock and start over. We've all been there.12 even though it's common, it's vital to keep in mind that in a single moment of fatigue, you can say something to your child that you may13 for a long time. This may not only do damage to your relationship with your child but also14 your child's self-esteem.If you consistently lose your15 with your kids, then you are modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly aware of the 16 of modeling patience for the younger generation. This is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to maintain emotional control when17 by stress is one of the most significant of all life's skills.Certainly, it's18 lo maintain patience at all times with your kids. A more practical goal is to try to be as calm as you can when faced with19 situations involving your children. I can promise you this: As a result of working toward ibis goal, you and your children will benefit and 20 from stressfulmoments feeling better physically and emotionally.1.[A] pleasant [B]tricky [C] tedious [D] instructive2. [A] at once [B]in addition [C] for example [D] by accident3.[A] Fortunately (B] Occasionally [C] Accordingly [D]Eventually4. [A] amuse [B] train [C] assist [D] describe5. [A] once [B] because [C] unless [D| while6. [A] choice |B] answer [C] task [D] access7.[A] formal [B] tolerant [C] rigid [D] critical8.[A] move [B]send [C]drag [D] push9.[A] inevitable [B] illogical [C] mysterious [D] suspicious10.[A] boring [B] harsh |C] naive [D] vague11.[A] turn back [B] take apart [C] set aside [D] cover up12.[A] Overall [B] Instead [C] otherwise [D]However13.[A] believe [B] regret [C] miss [D] like14. [A] justify [B] raise [C] affect [D] reflect15.[A]bond [B]time [C]race [D]cool16.[A] nature [B]secret [C]context (D] importance17.[A] confronted [B]defeated [C]cheated (D] confused18.[A] strange [B]terrible [C] hard [D] wrong19.[A] exciting [B]trying [C]Surprising [D] changing20. [A] withdraw [B]hide [C]emerge [D]escapeSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing /X.B.Cor D. Mark your answers on the A NSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial -for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around, played with the same toys, and opened caged doors to lei trapped rats escape. Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to sideNext the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever. Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being. They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviors like communal exploring and playing. This could lead lo the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn.The readiness of the rats lo befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels. "We'd assumed w e'd have lo give its moving head and tail, facial features, and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat. but that wasn't necessary," says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats arc to social cues, even when they come from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings, even when they display only simple social signals. "We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it turns out other animals are too," says Wiles.21.Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can .[A]pickup social signals from non-living rats[B]distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one[C]attain sociable trails through special training[D]send out warning messages to their fellow22.What did the social robot do during the experiment?[A]Il followed the social robot[B]It played with some toys.[C]It set the trapped rats free.[D]It moved around alone.23.According to Quinn, the rats released the social robot because they .[A] tried to practice a means of escape] expected it to do the same in return[C]wanted to display their intelligence[D]considered that an interesting game24.James Wiles notes that rats .[A] can remember other rat's facial features[B]differentiate smells better than sizes[C]respond more to cations than to looks[D]can be scared by a plastic box on wheels25.It can be learned from the text that rats .[A]appear to be adaptable to new surroundings[B]are more socially active than other animals[C]behave differently from children in socializing[D]are more sensitive to social cues than expectedText 2It is true that CEO pay has gone up-top ones may make 300 times the pay oftypical workers on average, and since the mid-1970s CEO pay for large publicly traded American corporations has. by varying estimates, gone up by about 500%. The typical CEO of a top American corporation now makes about S18.9 million a year.The best model for understanding the growth of CEO pay is that of limited CEO talent in a world where business opportunities for the top firms are growing rapidly. The efforts of America's highest-earning 1% have been one of the more dynamic elements of the global economy. It's not popular to say, but one reason their pay has gone up so much is that CEOs really have upped their game relative to many other worker; in the U.S. economy.Today's CEO, at least for major American firms, must have many mere skills than simply being able to "run the company". CEOs must have a good sense of financial markets and maybe even how the company should trade in them. They also need better public relations skills than their predecessors, as the costs of even a minor slip up can be significant. Then there's the fact that large American companies are much more globalized than ever before, with supply chains spread across a larger number of countries. To lead in that system requires knowledge that is fairly mind-boggling plus, virtually all major American companies are beyond this major CEOs still have to doall the day-to-day work they have always done.The common idea that high CEO pay is mainly about ripping people off doesn't explain history very well. By most measures, corporate governance has become a lot tighter and more rigorous since the 1970s. Yet it is principally during this period of stronger governance that CEO pay has been high and rising. That suggests it is in the broader corporate interest to recruit top candidates for increasingly tough jobs.Furthermore, the highest CEO salaries are paid lo outside candidates, not to the cozy insider picks, another sign that high CEO pay is not some kind of depredation at the expense of the rest of the company. And the stock market reacts positively when companies tie CEO pay to, say. stock prices, a sign that those practices build up corporate value not just for the CEO.26.Which of the following has contributed to CEO pay rise?[A]The growth in the number of corporations[B]The general pay rise with a belter economy[C]Increased business opportunities for top firms[D]Close cooperation among leading economiespared with their predecessors, today's CEOs are required to .[A]foster a stronger sense of teamwork[B]finance more research and development[C]establish closer ties with tech companies[D]operate more globalized companies28.CEO pay has been rising since the 1970s despite .[A]continual internal opposition[B]strict corporate governance[C]conservative business strategies[D]Repeated government warnings29.High CEO pay can be justified by the fact that it helps ..[A]confirm the status of CEOs[B]motivate inside candidates[C]boost the efficiency of CEOs[D]increase corporate value30.The most suitable title for this text would be .[A]CEOs Are Not Overpaid[B]CEO Pay: Past and Present[C]CEOs' challenges of Today[D]CEO Traits: Not Easy to DefineText 3Madrid was hailed as a public health beacon last November when it rolled out ambitious restrictions on the most polluting cars. Seven months and one election daylater, a new conservative city council suspended enforcement of the clean air zone, a first step toward its possible demise.Mayor Jose Luis Martinez-Almeida made opposition to the zone a centerpiece of his election campaign, despite its success in improving air quality. A judge has now overruled the city's decision to stop levying fines, ordering them reinstated. Bui with legal battles ahead, the zone's future looks uncertain at best.Among other weaknesses, the measures c ities must employ when left to tackle dirty air on their own are politically contentious, and therefore vulnerable. That's because they inevitably put the costs of cleaning the air on to individual drivers-who must pay tees or buy better vehicles-rat her than on to the car manufacturers whose cheating is the real cause of our toxic pollution.It's not hard to imagine a similar reversal happening in London. The new ultra-low emission zone (Ulez) is likely to be a big issue in next year's mayoral election. And if Sadiq Khan wins and extends it to the North and South Circular roads in 2021 as he intends, it is sure to spark intense opposition from the far larger number of motorists who will then be affected.It's not that measures such as London's Ulez arc useless. Far from iL Local officials are using the levers that are available to them to safeguard residents' health in the face of a serious threat. The zones do deliver some improvements to air quality, and the science tells us that means real health benefits -fewer heart attacks, strokes and premature births, less cancer, dementia and asthma. Fewer untimely deaths.But mayors and councilors can only do so much about a problem that is far bigger than any one city or town.They are acting because national governments-Brilliant’s and others across Europe-have failed to do so.Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas -city centers, "school streels", even individual roads-are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance. Wales has introduced special low speed limits to minimize pollution. We' re doing even-thing but insist that manufacturers clean up their cars.31.Which of the following is true about Madrid's clean air zone?[A]Its effects are questionable[B]It has been opposed by a judge[C]It needs tougher enforcement[D]Its fate is yet to be decided32.Which is considered a weakness of the city-level measures to tackle dirty air?[A]They are biased against car manufacturers.[B]They prove impractical for city councils.[C]They are deemed too mild for politicians.[D]They put too much burden on individual motorists.33.The author believes that the extension of London's Ulez will .[A]arouse strong resistance.[B]ensure Khan's electoral success.[C]improve the city's traffic.[D]discourage car manufacturing.34.Who does the author think should have addressed the problem?[A]Local residents[B]Mayors.[C]Councilors.[D]National governments.35.Il can be inferred from the last paragraph that auto companies .[A]will raise low-emission car production[B]should be forced to follow regulations [CJ will upgrade the design of their vehicles [D] should be put under public supervisionText 4Now that members of Generation Z are graduating college this spring-the most commonly-accepted definition says this generation was born after 1995. give or take a year-the attention has been rising steadily in recent weeks. GenZs are about to hit the streets looking for work in a labor market that's lighter than it's been in decades. And employers are planning on hiring about 17 percent more new graduates for jobs in the U.S. this year than last, according to a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers. Everybody wants to know how the people who will soon inhabit those empty office cubicles will differ from those who came before them.If "entitled" is the most common adjective, fairly or not, applied lo millennials (those born between 1981 and 1995), the catchwords for Generation Z are practical and cautious. According to the career counselors and experts who study them, Generation Zs are clear-eyed, economic pragmatists. Despite graduating into the best economy in the past 50 years. Gen Zs know what an economic train wreck looks like. They were impressionable kids during the crash of 2008, when many of their parents lost their jobs or their life savings or both. They aren't interested in taking any chances. The boom economy seems to have done little to assuage this underlying generational sense o f anxious urgency especially for those who have college debt, College loan balances i n the U.S. now stand at a record ＄l. 5 trillion, according to the Federal Reserve.One survey from Accenture found that 8 percent of graduating seniors this yearchose their major with a job in mind. In a 2019 survey of University of Georgia students, meanwhile, the career office found the most desirable trait in a future employer was the ability to offer secure employment(followed by professional development and training, and then inspiring purpose). Job security or stability was the second most important career goal(work-life balance was number one),followed by a sense of being dedicated to a cause or to feel good about serving the greater good.36. Generation Zs graduating college this spring[A] are recognized for their abilities[B] are in favor of job offers[C] are optimistic about the labor market[D] are drawing growing public attention37. Generation Zs are keenly aware[A] what a tough economic situation is like[B] what their parents expect of them[C] how they differ from past generations[D] how valuable a counselor’s advice is38. The word "assuage"(line 9, para 2) is closet in meaning to[A] define[B] relieve[C] maintain[D] deepen39. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that Generation[A] care little about their performance[B] give top priority to professional training[C] think it hard to achieve work-life balance[D] have a clear idea about their future job40. Michelsen thinks that compared with millennials, Generation ZS are[A] less realistic[B] less adventurous[C] more diligent[D]more generousPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings, w hich you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Give compliments, just not too many.[A]Put on a good face, always.[B]Tailor your interactions.|D] Spend time with everyone.[D]Reveal, don't hide, information.[E]Slow down and listen.[F]Put yourselves in others, shoes.Five Ways to Win Over Everyone in the OfficeIs it possible to like everyone in your office? Think about how tough it is to get together 15 people, much less50, who all get along perfectly. But unlike in friendships, you need coworkers.You work with them every day and you depend on them just as they depend on you.Here are some ways that you can get the whole office on your side.41. _____If you have a bone to pick with someone in your workplace, you may try staylight-lipped around them. But you won't be helping either one of you A Harvard Business School study found that observers consistently rated those who were frankabout themselves m ore highly, while those who hid lost trustworthiness. The lesson isnot that you should make your personal life an open book, but rather, when given theoption to offer up details about yourself or painstakingly conceal them. you shouldjust be honest.42._____lust as important as being honest about yourself is being receptive to others. Weoften feel the need to tell others how we feel, whether it's a concern about a project, astray thought, or compliment. Those are all valid but you need to take time to hear outyour coworkers, too. In fact, rushing to get your own ideas out there can cause colleagues to feel you don’t value their opinions. Do your best to engage coworkers ina genuine, back-and-forth conversation, rather than prioritizing your own thoughts.43._____It's common to have a "cubicle mate" or special confidant in a work setting. Butin addition to those trusted coworkers, you should expand your horizons and find outabout all the people around you. Use your lunch and coffee breaks to meet up with colleagues you don't always see. Find out about their lives and interests beyond thejob. It requires minimal effort and goes a long way. This will help to grow yourinternal network, in addition to being a nice break in the work day44. _____Positive feedback is important for anyone to hear. And you don't have to be someone’s boss tell them theydid an unexceptional job on a particular project. This will help engender good will init or be fake about it. One study found that people responded others. But don’t over dobest comments that shifted from negative to positive, possibly because i t suggested they had won somebody over.45. _____This one may be a bit more difficult to pull off, but it can go a long way to achieving results. Remember in dealing with any coworker what they appreciate from an interaction. Watch out for how they verbalize with others. Some people like small talk in a meeting before digging into important matters, while other are more straightforward. Jokes that work one person won't necessarily land with another. So, adapt your style accordingly to type. Consider the person that you' re dealing with in advance and what will get you to your desired outcome.Section II Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET(15 points)It's almost impossible to go through life without experiencing some kind of failure. But, the wonderful thing about failure is that it's entirely up to us to decide how to look at it.We can choose to see failure as "the end of the world." Or, we can look at failure as the incredible learning experience that it often is. Every time we fail at something,we can choose to look for the lesson we' re meant to learn. These lessons are very important; they' re how we grow, and how we keep from making that same mistake again. Failures stop us only if we let them.Failure can also teach us things about ourselves that we would never have learned otherwise. For instance, failure can help you discover how strong a person you are. Failing at something can help you discover your truest friends, or help you find unexpected motivation to succeed.Section III WritingPart A47.Directions: Suppose you are planning a tour of a historical site for a group of international students. Write an email to1)tell them about the site, and2)give them some tips for the tour Please write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name, use "Li Ming" instead (10 points)Part B48.Directions: Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart and2)give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)2020考研英语二真题及答案1、tricky2、forexample3、fortunately4、assist5、while6、task7、tolerant8、push9、inevitable10、harsh11、turnback12、however13、regret14、affect15、cool16、importance17、confronted18、hard19、changing20、escape1-20答案：DCBDC CBCAB ADBCA DBCCCtext 121.A.pick up social signals from non-living rats22.D.It moved around alone.23.B.expected it to do the same in return24.C.respond more to actions to looks25. D.are more sensitive to social than expectedtext 226. D.increased business opportunities for top firms27. A.operate more globalized companies28. C.strict corporate governance29.A.increase corporate value30. B.CEOs are not overpaidtext 331.B. Its fate is yet to be decided32. C. They put the burden on individual motorists.33.D. arouse strong resistance34.D. national governance35.A. should be forced to follow regulationstext 436. C.are drawing growing attention37. B.what a tough economic situation is like38. C.relieve39. A.have a clear idea about future jobs.40. Lessadventurous2020考研英语二真题及答案：新题型阅读41. Reveal,don’t hide information42. Slowdown & listen43. Spendtime with everyone44. Givecompliment just not too often45. tailor your interaction21-45答案：ADBBDDDCAA BCDDACBCAC FGEBD翻译题参考答案：人的一生总要经历一些失败。
模拟试卷-职业道德模拟试题二及标准答案
模拟试卷-职业道德模拟试题二及答案————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：2职业道德模拟试题二一、单项选择题（共20分，每题2分）1．《公民道德建设实施纲要》关于从业人员职业道德规范是（）A 爱国守法、公平公正、团结友善、勤俭自强、敬业奉献B 艰苦奋斗、诚实守信、团结协作、服务周到、遵纪守法C 爱岗敬业、遵守法纪、明礼诚信、服务群众、奉献社会D 爱岗敬业、诚实守信、办事公道、服务群众、奉献社会2．社会主义职业道德的原则是（）A 集体主义B 爱国主义C 为人民服务D 遵守法纪3．下列与职业道德行为特点不相符的是（）A 与职业活动紧密相连B 与内心世界息息相关C 对他人和社会影响重大D 与领导的影响有关4．关于职业幸福基本要求应该处理好几个关系表述不正确的是（）A 正确处理好国家利益和集体利益的关系B 正确处理物质生活幸福与精神生活幸福的关系C 正确处理好个人幸福与集体幸福之间的关系D 正确处理好创造职业幸福和享受职业幸福的关系5．下面不符合正确树立职业荣誉观的要求是（）A 争取职业荣誉的动机要纯B 获得职业荣誉的手段要正C 社会主义市场经济就是竞争，因此对职业荣誉要竞争，要当仁不让D 对待职业荣誉的态度要谦6．关于办事公道不正确的表述是（）A 坚持原则，实事求是B 实行平均主义C 不怕“权势”压力D 不徇私情7．关于下列遵纪守法正确的说法是（）A 只讲道德品质即可不犯法B 法律是强制性的，不需要列入职业道德规范来让从业者“自律”C 遵纪守法与职业道德要求具有一致性D 职业道德与法律没有关系8．下列各条对节俭的价值表述不贴切的是（）A 持家之本B 降低企业成本的途径之一C 可以开拓创新D 有利于治国安邦9．加强职业道德修养的途径不正确的表述是（）A “慎独”B 只需参加职业道德理论的学习和考试过关即可C 学习先进人物的优秀品质D 积极参加职业道德的社会实践10．开拓创新是职业道德基本规范之一，下面表述不正确的是（）A 要树立开拓创新的观念B 学习开拓创新的方法和锻炼开拓创新的思维C 创新就是超越时间和现实，前人没有做过的都可以去做D 培养锻炼开拓创新的意志品质二、多项选择题（共20分，每题2分）1．职业道德修养的意义在于有利于提高个人的职业道德素质和（）A 有利于社会主义政治文明建设B 有利于发挥职业道德的社会功能C 有利于行业的职业道德建设D 有利于中华民族优良道德传统的弘扬2．职业道德的特征主要有（）A 自律性；他律性B 职业性；普遍性C 鲜明的行业性和多样性；相对的稳定性和继承性D 很强的实践性3．对于维护企业信誉来说，应该主要做到（）A 提高产品质量B 不断加大广告宣传C 周到的售后服务D 文明安全卫生地生产4．以下关于社会主义的集体主义原则的正确表述是（）A 当国家利益与局部的集体利益发生冲突时，局部集体利益要服从国家利益B 当局部的集体利益和个人利益发生冲突时，个人利益要服从局部的集体利益C 当国家利益、集体利益和个人利益发生冲突时，个人利益应当服从国家和集体利益D 社会主义的集体主义明确了国家利益、集体利益、个人利益在根本上不是一致的5．下面各项属于行业的特殊职业道德规范的是（）A 救死扶伤B 爱护车辆、准班正点、尊客爱货C 秉公执法D 有教无类6．下面关于集体主义的论述正确的是（）A 我们应该“大力提倡把国家和人民的利益放在首位而又充分尊重公民的合法权益的义利观B 讲个人努力奋斗和个人利益就是个人主义、不讲集体主义C 讲集体主义原则就是要正确处理国家利益、集体利益和个人利益的关系D 要用集体主义的观点和集体主义的精神认识、处理职业人际关系7．下列关于服务群众正确的表述是（）A 从业者服务群众是指服务于广大人民群众，而不是服务的具体个人B 服务群众要做到热情周到C 服务群众要注重服务质量D 国际服务质量标准“十分强调服务质量体系的建立和运作必须以顾客为中心”8．诚实守信作为职业道德基本规范，下面表述正确的是（）A 诚实守信就是要实事求是，敢于坚持真理B 守信就是言必行、行必果、言行统一C 诚实守信就是重承诺，信守诺言，宽以待人D 诚实就是老板说干啥就干啥9．下面爱岗敬业正确的说法是（）A 爱岗与敬业本质上是统一的B 爱岗敬业就是要热爱本职工作C 爱岗敬业与从业者的岗位流动是矛盾的D 爱岗敬业与社会主义市场经济提倡的人才流动、职业转换不矛盾10．下列说法属于职业道德内心活动过程的是（）A 职业道德的感觉、知觉、认识、情感B 职业道德的意识、觉悟、意志、信念C 职业道德的“自省”、“慎独”D 职业道德的行为三、判断题（共20分，每题2分）1．职业道德与职业技能没有关系。
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园林花卉学试题二及答案一、选择题（20分，每题1分）1．下列属于土壤基本性质的有（ B ）A. 孔隙性和结构性B. 保水性和保肥性C. 酸碱性和热量性D.多样性和地域性2．土壤矿物质的粒径越小，（）的含量越少，而（）的含量越多。
A. 硅B. 铝C. 钙D. 镁3．肥沃土壤结构良好，孔隙度应为（B ）A. 20%B. 25%C. 50%D. 75%4．为了增强植物根系的发育可施（ B ）肥A. NB. PC. KD. C5．双屋面温室的倾斜角一般是（）A. 350B. 280C. 280~350D. 3506．塑料大棚的跨度一般是（ d ）A. 6mB. 7mC. 6~7mD. 6~8m7．荫棚的跨度一般是（）A. 6mB. 7mC. 6~7mD. 6~8m8．商品花卉生产应掌握的规律（ C ）A. 价值规律B. 艺术规律C. 商品经济规律D. 生长发育规律9．下列不属于球根花卉的是（ b ）A. 宣草B. 芍药C. 非洲菊D. 大丽花10．修剪对剪口芽的刺激效应是--------------。
A 修剪越重，刺激越重；B 修剪越重，刺激越轻；C修剪越轻，刺激越重D 修剪越重，无刺激。
11．中国兰的分株繁殖，通常要（）株栽一丛A. ≥1B. ≥2C. ≥3D. 112．球根花卉的栽培深度是种球高的（c ）倍A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 413．月季最理想的栽培土壤是（ b ）A. 砂土B. 砂质粘土C. 粘土D. 壤土14．唐菖蒲一级切花的花朵数要大于（ d ）朵，底部第一朵小花花径应大于（ b ）cm，花枝要大于（130 ）cmA. 10B. 12C. 13D. 2015．月季的修剪方法有（ C ）A. 摘心 B. 抹芽 C. 短截 D. 疏剪16．促进植物生长的激素有（ B ），促进植物矮化的激素有（ A ）A. 多效唑B. 赤霉素C. 比久D.乙烯17．鲜切花一般采用（ b ）包装A. 聚氯乙烯B. 聚乙烯薄膜C. 废纸D. 醋酸乙烯薄膜18．下列不属于当年一次分化的开花类型是（ a ）A. 紫薇B. 木槿C. 芙蓉D. 百日草19．下列属于球根花卉的是（ A ）A. 郁金香B. 百合花 C. 玉馨D火炬花20．下列属于木本花卉的是（ D ）A. 天竺葵B. 倒挂金钟C. 常春藤D. 叶子花二、名词解释（18分，每题3分）促成栽培土壤肥力球根花卉花卉栽培的设备春化作用二年生花卉三、填空（20分，每题1分）1．花卉的观赏部位有根茎叶花果，观赏价值表现在。
22．花卉按光照时间的长短分为长日照、短日照；23．土壤的基本组成是有机质和无机质两部分。
24 花卉常用的播种方法为：、、。
36．露地花卉灌水的最佳时间是土温和水温温度接近。
19．保鲜剂包括钾明矾、铵矾、明胶三大类。
3 。
12．生长是植物细胞数目和细胞体积的增加，而发育是指和经一系列复杂质变以后产生的与其相似个体的现象。
414．世界著名的“四大切花”为：唐菖蒲、菊花、康乃馨、月季。
4四、简答题（30分，每题6分）1．开花调节的途径和园艺措施？A、通过定植调控花期。
通过种苗种球定植的早晚来控制花期。
B、通过光照调节花期。
周年生产中最长利用。
短日照、长日照处理、颠倒昼夜处理、遮阴延长开花时节。
C、通过温度调节花期。
增加温度、降低温度、利用高海拔山地、低温诱导休眠，延缓生长。
D、通过修剪、摘心技术控制花期E、通过生长调节剂控制花期。
促进诱导成花、打破休眠、代替低温、防止莲座化、促进生长、抑制花芽分化。
2．切花失鲜的原因以及保鲜措施？（1）造成鲜切花衰老的原因A、水分失去平衡：鲜花是植株很娇弱的部分，如果得不到充分的水分就会萎蔫。
原因有四：一是微生物的繁殖封闭了导管，从而造成导管堵塞；二是插花用水不洁，水中的微生物代谢产物被花枝吸收而封闭了木质部导管，干扰对水的吸收，导致鲜切花失水调萎；三是花茎切口处受伤细胞的分泌物质会引起茎堵塞；四是要植株水分专职缺情况下剪切花枝，空气容易进入木质部导管而防碍吸水，引起鲜切花凋萎。
B缺乏能源物质鲜切花衰老的另一主要原因是离开母体的鲜切花缺乏生命活动必须的能一糖C乙烯促进鲜切花衰老（2）延缓鲜切花衰老的有效措施A,确保鲜切花导管通畅a鲜切花剪取的方法要合理，应适时剪取花枝。
应在早晨或下午日落后用锋利的刀具（减少受损细胞）剪取，并立即浸入水中，确保植株水分含量充足。
插花时的重新修剪要在水中进行，以免空气进入切口影响吸水b做好消毒灭菌工作，防止水中微生物繁殖而堵塞鲜切花导管。
首先，花瓶等容器必须清洗干净，可用高锰钾稀溶液浸泡。
其次插花用水要干净，要经常换水，平均每天一次（夏季每天两次）。
换水时如发现切口腐烂或有粘液，应将这部分剪去，更新切口。
再次，对鲜花切口最好进行消毒。
B喷洒高分子膜，降低蒸腾作用C补充能源物质：在水中适当加些食糖，也可延缓鲜切花的衰老。
糖水浓度一般以3%-5%为宜。
D抑制乙烯的生成，以降低呼吸作用：常用的乙烯合成抑制剂有8—羟基喹啉硫酸盐E家用保鲜剂的应用：水中加1片阿斯匹林（事先碾成粉末，以便于溶解）和一片维生素药片，用此水溶液插花，具有防腐、杀菌作用，并可防止花茎导管堵塞。
在水中加洗洁精插花也可延长花期3．月季鲜切花的栽培方式及品质标准？大多采用扦插繁殖法，亦可分株、压条繁殖。
1 整体感整体感、新鲜程度极好;整体感、新鲜程度好; 整体感、新鲜程度好;整体感、新鲜程度一般2 花形完整优美，花朵饱满，外层花瓣整齐，无损伤;完整优美，花朵饱满，外层花瓣整齐，无损伤;花形完整，花朵饱满，有轻微损伤;花瓣有轻微损伤3 花色; 花色鲜艳，无焦边、变色; 花色好，无褪色失水，无焦边;花色良好，不失水，略有焦边;花色良好，略有褪色，有焦边4 花枝①枝条均匀、挺直;②花茎长度65cm以上，无弯颈;③重量40g以上①枝条均匀、挺直;②花茎长度55cm以上，无弯颈③重量30g以上; ①枝条均匀、挺直;②花茎长度50cm以上，无弯颈③重量25g以上①枝条均匀、挺直②花茎长度40cm以上，无弯颈③重量20g以上5 叶①叶片大小均匀，分布均匀②叶色鲜绿有光泽，无褪绿叶片③叶面清洁，平整①叶片大小均匀，分布均匀②叶色鲜绿，无褪绿叶片③叶面清洁，平整①叶片分布较均匀②无褪绿叶片③叶面较清洁，稍有污点①叶片分布不均匀②叶片有轻微褪色③叶面有少量残留物 6 病虫害无购入国家或地区检疫的病虫害; 无购入国家或地区检疫的病虫害，无明显病虫害斑点; 无购入国家或地区检病的病虫害，有轻微病虫害斑点;无购入国家或地区检病的病虫害，有轻微病虫害斑点7 损伤无药害，冷害，机械损伤; 基本无药害，冷害，机械损伤; 有极轻度药害，冷害，机械损伤; 有轻度药害，冷害，机械损伤8 采切标准适用开花指数1）1～3 ;适用于开花指数1～3; 适用开花指数2～4 ;适用开花指数3～49 采后处理①立即入水保鲜剂处理②依品种12支捆绑成扎，每扎中花枝长度最长与最短的差别不可超过3cm③切口以上15cm去叶、去刺; ①保鲜剂处理②依品种20支捆绑成扎，每扎中花枝长度最长与最短的差别不可超过3cm ③切口以上15cm去叶、去刺①依品种20支捆绑成扎，每扎中花枝长度最长与最短的差别不可超过5cm ②切口以上15cm 去叶、去刺①依品种30支捆绑成扎，每扎中花枝长度的差别不可超过10cm ②切口以上15cm去叶、去刺1 ）开花指数1：花萼略有松散，适合于远距离运输和贮藏；开花指数2：花瓣伸出萼片，可以兼作远距离和近距离运输；开花指数3：外层花瓣开始松散，适合于近距离运输和就近批发出售；开花批数4：内层花瓣开始松散，必须就近很快出售。
4．肥沃土壤的一般特征和培肥土壤的基本措施？（1）良好的土体构造土体构造，肥沃的旱地土壤一般都具有上虚下实的土体构造，即耕作层疏松、深厚（一般在30 cm左右），质地较轻；心土层较紧实，质地较粘。
（2）适量协调的土壤养分肥沃土壤的养分含量不在于愈多愈好，而要适量协调，达到一定的水平。
(3)良好的物理性质肥沃土壤一般都具有良好的物理性质，诸如质地适中，耕性好，有较多的水稳性团聚体等，有良好的水、气、热状况。
培肥土壤的基本措施：a、培土。
沙压黏、黏压沙。
B、增施有机质：最好的有机质是粗泥炭、半分解状态的堆肥和腐熟的概肥。
C、增施无机质。
沙性过强的土壤应掺入适量的黏土或淤泥。
5．简述有机质在土壤中的作用？A、土壤养分的主要来源B、改善土壤物理性质，促进土壤团粒结构的形成。
C、提高土壤的保肥性、D、促进植物的生长发育E、有助于消除土壤的污染五、论述题（12分，选做一题）1．生长调节剂的作用和使用特点作用: a.诱导花卉植物开花b、可以控制种子休眠，提高种子发芽率。
c、能促进扦插枝条快速生根d、能提高嫁接成活率。
e、幼苗移栽时促进伤根愈合。
使用特点：使用方便、生产成本低、效果明显。