科技英语语法考题
科技英语语法考题
考试时间：120分钟
系班:________________学号:________________ 姓名: _____________ 得分: ___________
I、英译汉（每题3分）
1. One-time write of the desired data into an erased（插干净了的）PROM is all that is required
to store information quickly and permanently.
2. Of the variety of aberrations（像差）the image（像）formed by a single lens is subject to,
perhaps the most familiar is the presence of fringes（不重合）of color around whatever is being viewed.
3. Since transformers（变压器）are large, heavy, and expensive, their elimination from the
circuit（电路）results in considerable savings.
4. Every element（元素）exhibits（显示）a unique line spectrum（线谱）when a sample of it
is suitably excited（激励），and its presence in a substance of unknown composition （构成）can be ascertained（确定）by the appearance of its characteristic wavelengths（特征波长）in the spectrum of the substance.
5. The solution（溶液）of water and other materials in which the tissues（人体组织）are bathed
is slightly salty, an interesting reminder（暗示）of the first living cells（细胞）which originated in the sea.
6. The ability of the modern computer to perform rapid calculations on large, complex
problems has resulted in the recent development of computational techniques not considered in the past.
7. Attractive as these theories and explanations are, there is no direct evidence that the child
has a special language learning capacity which is totally absent in the adult.
8. The second aspect（方面）to determine our progress is the application by all members of
society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.
9. The two answers, of course, are identical（相同的）, but how much more simply the energy
principle（能量原理）leads to the final results!
10. Stereophonic（立体的）sound, or “stereo,” as it is usually called, refers to a sys tem of
recording or sound transmission using multiple microphones（话筒）and loudspeakers（扬声器）.
11. Broadly speaking, computer security is keeping anyone from doing things you do not want
them to do to, with, on or from your computers or any peripheral（外部的）devices.
12. Not as familiar is the fact that any substance whatever will be influenced by the magnetic
field, although to an extent which is extremely small compared with a substance like iron. 13. Each element (元素) when vaporized (汽化) has its own set of frequencies it is able to emit
or absorb, in a pattern as characteristic of that element as a set of fingerprints is of an individual human.
14. In any one example, h will either be always odd (奇数的) or always even (偶数的), which is
all that matters, so that ( - 1)h will always be uniquely (唯一地) determined.
15. Symbols used in assembly（汇编）language programs are made up of letters and digits（数
字）, with the first character（字符）of the symbol a letter.
16. If we were to place a mass (质量) in the gravitational field (重力场), it would experience a
force along whatever line of force it was on, with a magnitude (大小) dependent on how close together the lines of force were in its vicinity (附近).
17. While later chapters describe rules and exceptions in a detail-oriented and sometimes
mathematical manner, this chapter strives for clarity（清晰）and brevity（简要）at the expense of completeness.
18. Created by the . Department of Defense in 1969, the Internet was built to serve two
purposes.
19. They had proved that all the known planets traveled in ellipses（椭圆）rather than in circles
（圆）as everyone thought.
20. The tube floats vertically（垂直地）in water, heavy end down.
II、汉译英（每题4分）
1、这个功等于该物体（object）的重量乘（multiply）以物体被提起的距离。
2、物体越热，其辐射（radiate）的能量越多，这一现象是大家所熟悉的。
3、当时最重要的成就之一是（人们）认识到了光是一种电磁波（electromagnetic wave）。
4、必须求出使x为多大才能使该级数（series）收敛(converge, vi.)。
5、计算机是科学家们解题的理想工具。（要求用简单句表示）
6、这个元件（component）上的电压(voltage)为零点零几伏(volt)。
7、这种新方法就是人们所说的“代入法”（substitution technique）。
8、为使这个式子(equation)成立，x必须小于1。
9、我们到底如何定义f(x)是没有关系的。
10、电流（current）在电路(circuit) 中流动的容易程度（ease）取决于电阻的数值。
1、为了迅速而永久地储存信息，只需要把所要的数据一次性地写入擦干净了的PROM之中。（“all that is required to store …”要译成“为了储存……只需要”）
2、在由单个透镜形成的成像所经受的各种像差之中，也许大家最熟悉的是在观看的成像周围存在颜色不重合（现象）。（“the image formed by a single lens is subject to”为定语从句修饰“aberrations”；“whatever is being viewed = anything that is being viewed”）
3、由于变压器体积大、重量重、价格昂贵，所以把它们从电路中去掉会节省很多费用。（“their elimination”为“动宾关系”）
4、每种元素当其样品被适当激励时会显示出一种独特的线谱来，而它在某一未知构成的物质中的存在可以通过它的特征波长在该物质的线谱中的出现来得到确定。（“its presence”为“主表关系”）
5、人体组织所处的、含有水和其它物质的溶液是略带咸味的，这有趣地表明了原始的生物细胞是起源于大海[海洋]的。（“an interesting reminder …”是名词短语作其前面句子的同位语）
6、现代计算机对大型复杂题能进行迅速计算的能力，促使近来开发出了在过去未曾考虑过的计算方法。（“of the modern computer to perform …”为一种特殊的动词不定式复合结构作“ability”的定语）
7、虽然这些理论和解释很吸引人，但并没有直接的证据表明儿童具有成年人完全缺乏的一种特殊的语言学习能力。（“attractive as …”为让步状语从句；“there is no direct evidence that …”应该译成“没有直接的证据表明……”，这里“that”引导的是一个同位语从句）
8、确定我们进步的第二个方面是社会的所有成员应用科学家们在他们的工作中所使用
的特殊的思维和行动方法（的程度）。（本句原来应该是“the application of A by B”的搭配关系）
9、当然这两个答案是相同的，不过用能量原理来求得最终结果是多么的简单（得多）啊！（这是一个感叹句，同时“much more simply”意为“简单得多”）
10、立体声，也就是人们通常所说的“stereo”，指的是用多个话筒和扬声器来录音或传送声音的系统。（“as it is usually called”为一种特殊的定语从句，修饰“stereo”）
11、广义上来说，计算机安全就是使任何人对你的计算机或任何的外部设备、用它们、在它们上面或从它们那儿不能做你不想要他们做的事情。（本句中“to, with, on, from”四个介词共用了介词宾语“your computers or any peripheral devices”）
12、大家不太熟悉的是（这样一点：）任何一种物质都会受到磁场的影响，虽然所受影响的程度与像铁这样的物质相比是极小的。（“whatever”在本句中是一个普通的形容词作后置定语；“although to an extent …”是一个省略式让步状语从句，“to an extent”绝不是“在某种程度上”的意思）
13、每一种元素气化时具有它自己的一套能够按某种模式发射或接收的频率，这种模式是与一套指纹表征了一个人那样表征了那个元素。（“as characteristic of that element as a set of fingerprint is of an individual human”是形容词短语作定语修饰“a pattern”）
14、在任何一个例子中，h将要么总是奇数，要么总是偶数（这一点是最关键[重要]的），所以（– 1）h总是唯一确定的。（“all that matters”意为“最关键[重要]的”，其本意是“有关系的一切”）
15、用在汇编语言程序中的符号是由字母和数字构成的，而符号的第一个字符是一个字母。（“with the first character of the symbol a letter”属于“with + 名词+ 名词”型“with结构”，在此表示一种附加说明）
16、如果我们把一个质量放在重力场中的话，它就会沿着它所处的力线经受一个力，该力的大小取决于力线在其附近的疏密程度。（这句属于条件式表示将来情况的虚拟语气句型。“whatever line of force it was on = any line of force that it was on”，不过“any”的含义不必译出来；“with a magnitude dependent on …”为“with + 名词+ 形容词短语”型“with结构”作附加说明；“how”引出“on”的介词宾语从句）
17、这一章力求讲得简明扼要而不考虑[而牺牲]完整性，而后面几章则详细地、有时用数学的方式来描述规则和例外。（本句的“while”引导的状语从句表示对照）
18、“英特网”是由美国国防部于1969年创建的，建造它的目的有两个。（“Created by …”是对句子主语“the Internet”的附加说明）
19、他们证明了所有已知的行星都是以椭圆轨道而不是像当时大家所认为的以圆周轨道运行的。（句中“rather than as everyone thought”属于“否定的转移”句型）
20、该管子垂直地浮在水中，其重的一端朝下。（本句中“heavy end down”为在“end”后省去了“being”的分词独立结构作状语，表示附加说明）
II、1. This work equals [is equal to; is] the weight of the object multiplied by the distance the object is [was; has been] lifted.
2. The hotter the body (is), the more energy it will radiate, a familiar phenomenon. [或：The phenomenon that the hotter the body (is), the more energy it will radiate is familiar to all.]
3. One of [或：Among] the most important achievements at that time was the realization that light is a kind of electromagnetic wave.
4. It is necessary to find out how large to make x so as for the series to converge.
5. The computer is an ideal tool for scientists to solve problems with.
6. The voltage across this component is a few [several] hundredths of a volt.
7. This new method is what is called the substitute technique.
8. For this equation to hold [apply], x must be less than 1.
9. It does not matter how we define f (x).
10. The ease with which the current flows in the circuit depends on the value of the resistance.
英语语法单项选择题
单选题专练姓名：____________ 实战演练第一套 ( )21. Dave is a funny man. He often makes his friends______. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughing ( ) is your cousin’s home from here --It’s about two hour’s drive A. How long far C. How soon ( ) have been doing much better in English _____our teacher’s help. A. for B. under C. with ( )! Is Mr John giving a report in the hall --No, it_____be has gone to Japan. A. can’t not C. mustn’t ( ) often ___a walk with her mother around the lake after supper. A. take B. takes taking ( ) has a bad cold. She has to stay in____bed.
A. a B. / C. the ( ) don’t know the singer_____is popular with the students. A. whose B. who C. Which ( )28. We are happy to see our city is developing___these years than before. B. more quickly C. the most quickly ( ) International Ceramic Fair(醴陵瓷博会)____in March,2015. A. held B. is held C. was held ( ) father. They are both clever and quie A. takes out B. takes after off ( ) big screen Zhongying Cinema has! a B. What C. How ( ) should get up now, ______you will be late. B. or C. but ( ) is ______time that Mr Wen has been to this school. A. two B. second C. the second ( ) I use your pen, Mike __________is broken. A. Mine B. My C. Me ( ) me, could you please tell me _____ --Sure. You can buy it on the Internet. A. where can I get the ticket. B. where I can get the ticket C. how do you get the ticket 实战演练第二套 ( )21. I wouldn’t mind ______ a roommate. We can help each other and save money as well. A. having have C. have ( ) Mr Black lives happily with his three them are part of his family. A. Both. B. All. C. Neither. ( ) and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work___underground. A. in B. with ( ) is singing in the garden It _____be Mr Brown. He always practices singing at this time. ’t B. must C. need ( )25. Tom will tell us something about his trip to Japan when he____back. A. came B. comes C. will come ( )26. Beijing is one of_____ cities in China. A. the big B. biggest C. the biggest ( ) old people love to live in a small village__is beautiful and quiet. A. which B. where C. who ( )28. It is reported that____ people died on March 25th because of the heavy storm in that area(区域，地区)。 A. five thousands B. five thousands of C. thousands of ( ) you know how often the young trees______ . watered B. should be watered C. was watered ( ) ears when you are can use earplugs(耳塞) to stop water getting into your ears. A. Take after B. Take part in C. Take care of ( ) of my classmates think Jack is _____honest boy. A. a ( ) you like to go to the cartoon show with me this evening
【英语】 英语语法填空专题练习(及答案)及解析
【英语】英语语法填空专题练习(及答案)及解析 一、语法填空 1．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A hotel chain is employing human bed warmers to help guests get a good night's sleep. ________ (dress) in special all-in-one sleeping suits, the walking electric blankets are sent to warm the beds of guests staying at the Holiday Inn ________ they get under the covers. Dr Chris Idzikowski, ________ (direct) of the Edinburgh Sleep Centre, said the idea could help people get off to sleep. He ________ (explain) that "There's plenty of scientific evidence to show that sleep starts at the beginning of the night ________ body temperature starts to drop. The drop occurs partly because the blood vessels (血管) ________ the hands, face and feet open up and release heat." "A warm bed –approximately 20 to 24 degrees Celsuis –is ________ good way to start this process while a cold bed isn't. It helps people sleep well especially as it's taking much ________ (long) for them to warm up when they come in from the snow." Dr Chris Idzikowski and ________ (he) colleague Jane Bednall said the idea was like "having a giant hot water bottle in your bed". The five-minute free bed warming sessions will be tried out in London and Manchester ________ the end of next month. 【答案】 Dressed；before；director；explained；when；of；a；longer；his；at 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款新发明的暖床器以及使用暖床器的好处。 （1）考查非谓语动词。句意：行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。动词dress与这句话的主语the walking electric blankets之间是被动关系，故填Dressed。 （2）考查状语从句。句意：行走的电热毯将会穿着特制的连体睡衣被送去假日酒店在客人上床之前给客人进行暖床。根据句意，客人睡觉之前需要暖床，故填before。 （3）考查名词。句意：爱丁堡睡眠中心的主任Chris Idzikowski博士说，这个办法能帮助人们更好地入睡。空格前是一个人名，两个逗号之间的部分是这个人名的同位语，所以应填一个表示人的名词。故填director。 （4）考查时态。句意：他解释，有充分科学依据显示，入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。由上一句中said使用的是一般过去时可知，这句话也应使用一般过去时。故填explained。 （5）考查定语从句。句意：他解释，有充分科学依据显示，入夜人体体温开始下降的时候就是睡眠产生的时候。根据句意，这是一个定语从句，先行词为the beginning of the night，并且先行词在从句中做时间状语，故填关系词when。 （6）考查介词。句意：人体温度之所以会下降，部分原因在于，（这时）人的手部、脸部以及脚部的血管开始扩张，散发了热量。空前前后都是名词，所以空格处应填介词，the blood vessels与the hands之间属于所属关系，故填of。 （7）考查冠词。句意：温暖的床（温度大约在20到24摄氏度之间）有助于人们入睡而冰冷的床则会妨碍人们入睡。空格位于谓语动词后，空格后为一个可数单数名词短语，所以空格处应填不定冠词。“good”是以辅音音素开始的，故填a。
英语语法大全(完整版)
【学英语必看】 《英语语法手册》 在实用英语备受青睐的现在，大家在学习英语和准备各种考试时，总是把 听说读写放在首位，诚然，学习语言重在实践。但是，请不要忽视语法的作用，特别是在阅读和写作中，他能帮助你分析清楚句子结构，准确抓住句子的要点，更能帮你写出复杂而优美的长句。 以下为你整理《英语语法手册》全集，不需背诵记忆，只要静下心阅读一遍，就能有所收获！ 宝宝更希望你能把他们融在平时的阅读写作里. [英语语法手册]关于词类和句子成分 根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的功用将词分为若干类，叫做词类。一个 句子由各个功用不同的部分所构成，这些部分叫做句子成分。 学一个词，要学它的发音、拼法、意义，也要记它的词类；更重要的是要 了解它和其他词的关系，及其在句中作什么句子成分。如China is in East Asia(中国位于东亚)一句中的China这个单词所属的词类是名词，在句子中作主语。 词类(parts of speech) 英语的词通常分为十大类： 1）名词(noun，缩写为n.)是人和事物的名称，如pen(钢笔)，English(英语)，life(生活)。 2)代词(pronoun，缩写为pron.)是用来代替名词的词，如we(我们)，his(他的)，all(全部)。 3)形容词(adjective，缩写为adj.)用来修饰名词，如great(伟大的)，honest(诚实的)，difficult(困难的)。 4)数词(numeral，缩写为num.)是表示"多少"和"第几"的词，如four(四)，eighteen(十八)，first(第一)，eighth(十八)，hundred(一百)。
高考英语语法填空10篇附答案解析
语法填空 1 A businessman lost his wallet. There was plenty of money in it. So he61 (make) a promise, “ Ifsomeone 62(find) my wallet and returns it to me, I ’ ll give half the money to him.” A dustman found the wallet in the dustbin. He sent it back to the loser. But the businessman changed his 63 . “ There was still a diamond ring in the wallet,” said the loser,“ I won’ t g money in my wallet to you64you return it to me!” “ I ’ ve never seen a diamond ring in the wallet, e dustman”. said th They began to quarrel65(violent). The dustman became angry and took the businessman to see a judge. After the judge heard what 66(happen) to them, he said to the businessman, “ I ’ m sure you are an honest man. It’ s truehavethatlostyouawallet67there was a diamond ring. But it is also clear that there is68money in this wallet. I don’ t think it69’ s . Wait for some time. Perhaps someone will be able to return your wallet to you.” Then the judge turned to the dustman and said,“ Take the wallet home. If the loser doesn’ t go to get it back 70three days, it will belong to you.” 2 Recently, a survey 1(carry) out by a website about the common view on students who graduate 2Beijing University. Only 28% of the interviewed companies think that they are 3(satisfy) with the graduates from Beijing University. The graduates in their companies have a wide range of 4 (know) and they learn things very quickly and easily. 5 , most of the companies don’ t think6(high) of graduates from Beijing University. In their eyes, the graduates always stick 7their own opinions and lack the teamwork spirit. Besides, they may not be satisfied with their jobs even with big companies, and they usually have many 8(complain). As a result, 34% of the companies insist that 9is not necessary to employ graduates from Beijing University. In brief, society and even the students themselves expect too much from graduates from Beijing University. That10 ’asgraduate claims that he himself is rubbish. 3 71 we all know, life is full of dreams and having a good dream is of great importance in our daily life. 72 a good dream, people can’t make progress and countries can’t develop . And I hold the strong belief73
(完整)高中英语语法填空20篇
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中考英语语法单项选择真题汇总(附解析)
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